Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Seismic Surveys And Marine Turtles: An Underestimated Global Threat?, Sarah E. Nelms, Wendy Dow Piniak, Caroline R. Weir, Brendan J. Godley

Environmental Studies Faculty Publications

Seismic surveys are widely used in marine geophysical oil and gas exploration, employing airguns to produce sound-waves capable of penetrating the sea floor. In recent years, concerns have been raised over the biological impacts of this activity, particularly for marine mammals. While exploration occurs in the waters of at least fifty countries where marine turtles are present, the degree of threat posed by seismic surveys is almost entirely unknown. To investigate this issue, a mixed-methods approach involving a systematic review, policy comparison and stakeholder analysis was employed and recommendations for future research were identified. This study found that turtles have …

Next-Generation Mrna Sequencing Reveals Pyroptosis-Induced Cd4+ T Cell Death In Early Simian Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Lymphoid Tissues, Wuxun Lu, Andrew J. Demers, Fangrui Ma, Guobin Kang, Zhe Yuan, Yanmin Wan, Yue Li, Jiangqing Xu, Mark Lewis, Qingsheng Li

Nebraska Center for Biotechnology: Faculty and Staff Publications

Lymphoid tissues (LTs) are the principal sites where human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replicates and virus-host interactions take place, resulting in immunopathology in the form of inflammation, immune activation, and CD4+ T cell death. The HIV-1 pathogenesis in LTs has been extensively studied; however, our understanding of the virus-host interactions in the very early stages of infection remains incomplete. We investigated virus-host interactions in the rectal draining lymph nodes (dLNs) of rhesus macaques at different times after intrarectal inoculation (days postinoculation [dpi]) with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). At 3 dpi, 103 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected using next-generation …

Arkansas Animal Science Department Report 2015, Paul Beck, Jason Apple, Beth Kegley, Charles Rosenkrans Jr.

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

No abstract provided.

College Students’ Perceptions And Practices Towards Environmentally Friendly Clothing: A Comparison And Exploratory Study, Jinhee Nam, Erika Chatmon

Journal of Human Sciences and Extension

Despite the growing interest of environmentally friendly clothing (EFC), there have been discrepancies among customers in defining EFC. The purposes of this study were to assess the participants’ environmental orientation and environmental knowledge toward EFC, to compare them in terms of college major and gender and identify relationships between orientation and knowledge, and to acquire the current perceptions and practices toward EFC. The revised New Environmental Paradigm scale (NEP) with 15 items, the Environmental Apparel Knowledge scale (EAK) with 11 items, and the developed perception and practice question sets with 12 items were used. A total of 122 undergraduate students …

Full Issue, Volume 3, Number 3, Donna J. Peterson

Journal of Human Sciences and Extension

No abstract provided.

2015 Program, Office Of Academic Affairs

Programs

A university is more than an amalgamation of several colleges. It also is an organization which celebrates the full richness of faculty contributions including those vital and exciting contributions in research, scholarship and creative activity within their disciplines. These contributions come in many forms: journal articles, book chapters, monographs, art works, music compositions, performances of many varieties and a host of others. Funded research contributions are similarly varied. Through such activities, faculty members stay at the growing edges of their fields, and in so doing, they enrich their intellectual lives as well as those of their students.

Once again, I …

Factors Influencing The Choice Of A Safe Haven For Offloading Illegally Caught Fish: A Comparative Analysis Of Developed And Developing Economies, Nerea Marteache, Julie S. Viollaz, Gohar A. Petrossian

Publications and Research

Using data from 72 countries, this study focuses on factors that affect illegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU) fishing vessels’ choice of country to offload their catch, with a specific emphasis on the differences between developed and developing economies. The concept of choice-structuring properties is applied to analyze whether the following factors influence the selection of a country: concealability of vessels and illegally caught fish; convenience of the ports; strength of fisheries monitoring, control, and surveillance measures; effectiveness of country governance; and commitment to wildlife protection regulations. Results indicate that, rather than a country’s level of development, situational factors play a …

Laterality Enhances Numerical Skills In The Guppy, Poecilia Reticulata, Marco Dadda, Christian Agrillo, Angelo Bisazza, Culum Brown

Sentience Collection

It has been hypothesized that cerebral lateralization can significantly enhance cognition and that this was one of the primary selective forces shaping its wide-spread evolution amongst vertebrate taxa. Here, we tested this hypothesis by examining the link between cerebral lateralization and numerical discrimination. Guppies, Poecilia reticulata, were sorted into left, right and non-lateralized groups using a standard mirror test and their numerical discrimination abilities tested in both natural shoal choice and abstract contexts. Our results show that strongly lateralized guppies have enhanced numerical abilities compared to non-lateralized guppies irrespective of context. These data provide further credence to the notion that …

Suppression Of Locomotor Activity In Female C57bl/6j Mice Treated With Interleukin-1Β: Investigating A Method For The Study Of Fatigue In Laboratory Animals, David R. Bonsall, Hyunji Kim, Awa Ndiaye, Abbey Petronzio, Grace Mckay-Corkum, Penny C. Molyneux, Thomas E. Scammell, Mary E. Harrington

Psychology: Faculty Publications

Fatigue is a disabling symptom in patients with multiple sclerosis and Parkinson’s Disease, and is also common in patients with traumatic brain injury, cancer, and inflammatory disor- ders. Little is known about the neurobiology of fatigue, in part due to the lack of an approach to induce fatigue in laboratory animals. Fatigue is a common response to systemic challenge by pathogens, a response in part mediated through action of the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β). We investigated the behavioral responses of mice to IL-1β. Female C57Bl/6J mice of 3 ages were administered IL-1β at various doses i.p. Interleukin-1β reduced locomotor …

Economic Contribution Of Agriculture And Food To Arkansas' Gross Domestic Product 1997-2013, Leah English, Jennie Popp, Wayne Miller

AAES Research Reports and Research Bulletins

Agricultural production, processing, and retail industries are major contributors to the Arkansas economy in terms of GDP. Agriculture contributes to the economy through direct agricultural production, value-added processing, and agricultural retail activities, and it also plays an important role through its interactions with other sectors. The use of non-agricultural goods and services as inputs into the agricultural sector promotes diversified growth in Arkansas’ economy; thus agriculture remains a vital part of Arkansas’ economy. This report: 1) compares the relative size of the Agriculture and Food Sector in Arkansas with those of neighboring states; 2) provides an overview of Arkansas’ economy …

Recursos Y Servicios Disponibles Para Personas Afectadas Por El Uso De Agroquímicos Tóxicos En Avia Terai, Chaco, Argentina / Resources And Services That Are Available To People Who Are Affected By The Use Of Toxic Agrochemicals In Avia Terai, Chaco, Argentina, David Andersen

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

Introducción: El Chaco es una provincia del norte de Argentina con los peores indicadores de salud y de menor ingreso. El estudio se desarrolló en Avia Terai, un pueblo que tiene cinco mil habitantes, está rodeado por cultivos que son fumigados con agroquímicos tóxicos y que tiene niveles muy altos de cáncer y de discapacidad. Muchas personas en Avia Terai trabajan con agroquímicos y viven cerca de los campos fumigados. La mayoría de las personas en el pueblo no tienen seguros de salud y usan el sector público. En el pueblo hay un Centro Integrador Comunitario (CIC), un hospital, dos …

Ua42 Regional Review: Reaching New Heights In The Region Fall 2015, Heather Garcia , Editor

Regional Campuses Publications

No abstract provided.

Feedback-Driven Radiology Exam Report Retrieval With Semantics, Sarasi Lalithsena, Luis Tari, Anna Von Reden, Benjamin Wilson, Brian J. Kolowitz, John Kalafut, Steven Gustafson, Amit P. Sheth

Kno.e.sis Publications

Clinical documents are vital resources for radiologists to have a better understanding of patient history. The use of clinical documents can complement the often brief reasons for exams that are provided by physicians in order to perform more informed diagnoses. With the large number of study exams that radiologists have to perform on a daily basis, it becomes too time-consuming for radiologists to sift through each patient's clinical documents. It is therefore important to provide a capability that can present contextually relevant clinical documents, and at the same time satisfy the diverse information needs among radiologists from different specialties. In …

Social Health Signals, Ashutosh Sopan Jadhav, Swapnil Soni, Amit P. Sheth

Kno.e.sis Publications

Recently Twitter, has emerged as one of the primary medium for sharing and seeking of the latest information related to variety of the topics including health information. Recently, Twitter has emerged as one of the primary mediums for sharing and seeking the latest information related to a variety of topics, including health information. Although Twitter is an excellent information source, identification of useful information from the deluge of tweets is one of the major challenge. Twitter search is limited to keyword based techniques to retrieve information for a given query and sometimes the results do not contain real-time information. Moreover, …

Santa Clara Magazine, Volume 57 Number 1, Fall 2015, Santa Clara University

Santa Clara Magazine

24 - ART HAPPENING HERE Inside the Edward M. Dowd Art & Art History Building. Illustration by Harry Campbell. Words by Steven Boyd Saum.

28 - CALL HER A WORLD CHAMPION And call them America’s Team. Julie Johnston ’14 and the Women’s World Cup. By Ann Killion.

34 - A WILD GENEROSITY The energy and genius of Steve Nash ’96 on the court. By Brian Doyle.

37 - BELIEVE IN US An oral history of a 1993 NCAA playoff game that became an upset for the ages. By Jeff Gire and Harold Gutmann.

40 - CHANGE THE GAME Pope Francis …

Appalink, Appalachian Studies Association

Appalink

No abstract provided.

The Flaws And Human Harms Of Animal Experimentation, Aysha Akhtar

Experimentation Collection

Nonhuman animal (“animal”) experimentation is typically defended by arguments that it is reliable, that animals provide sufficiently good models of human biology and diseases to yield relevant information, and that, consequently, its use provides major human health benefits. I demonstrate that a growing body of scientific literature critically assessing the validity of animal experimentation generally (and animal modeling specifically) raises important concerns about its reliability and predictive value for human outcomes and for understanding human physiology. The unreliability of animal experimentation across a wide range of areas undermines scientific arguments in favor of the practice. Additionally, I show how animal …

Promoting Predators And Compassionate Conservation, Arian D. Wallach, Marc Bekoff, Michael Paul Nelson, David Ramp

Conservation Collection

No abstract provided.

The Flaws And Human Harms Of Animal Experimentation, Aysha Akhtar

Morality and Ethics of Animal Experimentation Collection

Nonhuman animal (“animal”) experimentation is typically defended by arguments that it is reliable, that animals provide sufficiently good models of human biology and diseases to yield relevant information, and that, consequently, its use provides major human health benefits. I demonstrate that a growing body of scientific literature critically assessing the validity of animal experimentation generally (and animal modeling specifically) raises important concerns about its reliability and predictive value for human outcomes and for understanding human physiology. The unreliability of animal experimentation across a wide range of areas undermines scientific arguments in favor of the practice. Additionally, I show how animal …

The Lli Chronicle Volume 6 Number 3, Nova Southeastern University

Lifelong Learning Institute Newsletters

No abstract provided.

Implicit Information Extraction From Clinical Notes, Sujan Perera

Kno.e.sis Publications

We address the problem of extracting implicit information from the unstructured clinical notes. Here we introduce the problem of 'implicit entity recognition in clinical notes', propose a knowledge driven approach to address this problem and demonstrate the results of our initial experiments.

Ezdi's Semantics-Enhanced Linguistic, Nlp, And Ml Approach For Health Informatics, Raxit Goswami, Neil Shah, Amit P. Sheth

Kno.e.sis Publications

ezDI uses large and extensive knowledge graph to enhance linguistics, NLP and ML techniques to improve structured data extraction from millions of EMR records. It then normalizes it, and maps it with various computer-processable nomenclature such as SNOMED-CT, RxNorm, ICD-9, ICD-10, CPT, and LOINC. Furthermore, it applies advanced reasoning that exploited domain-specific and hierarchical relationships among entities in the knowledge graph to make the data actionable. These capabilities are part of its highly scalable AWS deployed heath intelligence platform that support healthcare informatics applications, including Computer Assisted Coding (CAC), Computerized Document Improvement (CDI), compliance and audit, and core measures and …

Research: South Dakota State University, Fall 2015, Christie Delfanian, Emily Weber

State of Discovery South Dakota State University's Research Magazine

CONTENTS:

Pine Ridge Elders to educate peers about wills, advanced care planning [Page] 2
Diversity: Teaching diverse learners requires responsiveness to students' needs [Page] 3
Renaissance writers address social values still relevant today [Page] 5
Forest fire expert helps Indonesians assess carbon emissions [Page] 7
Diagnostic tests key to controlling swine virus [Page] 9
Experience, networking fuel wastewater filtration research [Page] 9
Breast-feeding friendly climate benefits businesses, communities [Page] 10
Dairy scientist harness power of milk protein [Page] 11
Pharmacists' study helps prevent antibiotic-induced kidney failure [Page] 11
Plants exchange carbohydrates for nitrogen, phosphorus from mycorrhizal fungi [Page] 12

University Of Nebraska At Omaha Biomechanics Annual Report, Fall 2015, Biomechanics Research Building

Biomechanics Annual Report

This annual report includes:

Letter from the Director; B.S. in Biomechanics; QLI Partnership

Center for Research in Human Movement Variability: Formation of the Center; Breathing and Walking Coupling Variability in COPD; Gait Variability in Patients with Peripheral Arterial Disease; Development of Postural Control Variability in Autism; The Effects of Virtual Reality on Gait Variability After Stroke; Pilot Grants; COBRE Research Day; New Hires in the Center

Updates: Why Choose the BRB? Where Are They Now? From the Bench to the Market: New Partnership Paves the way to Pre-Symptomatic Disease Detection; Fun Facts; New Quipment

Other Projects: Space Navigation; Neuroscience; Prosthetics; …

Students Score 100th & 99th Percentiles On Mcat: Honors Students Well-Prepared For Testing, Danni Francis

Andrews Agenda: Campus News

Three senior Biology major students at Andrews University, scored in the 100^th and 99^th percentiles on the Medical College Admission Test (MCAT).

Assessing The Sustainability Of Selective Logging In Ankarabolava-Agnakatrika New Protected Area, Eileen Nakahata

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

Over the past 50 years, more than 90% of dense low-altitude humid forest in the District of Vangaindrano has been lost to deforestation and the remaining fragments continue to be threatened by slash and burn agriculture and selective cutting by local populations. These activities are driven by widespread poverty, population growth, and lack of development, which have made subsistence increasingly difficult. This study investigates logging rates and the stock of five commercially valuable trees in the Ankarabolava-Agnakatrika New Protected Area. Fifteen 1000m² transects were established systematically within the territory of the Matanga commune. Within each transect data was collected …

Working With Locals To Restore Biodiversity To A Rubber Dominated Landscape, Francis Commercon

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

Xishuangbanna, in Yunnan,China, contains the country’s highest concentration of biodiversity. Since the 1980s,rubber plantations have replaced a significant portion of the prefecture’s lowland Seasonal Tropical Rainforest, leading to wildlife habitat loss and other environmental issues.Monoculture farming practices also leave farmers economically vulnerable to market fluctuations. To learn the best solutions for increasing ecosystem services and income stability in rubber-dominated areas, the World Agroforestry Center (ICRAF) project Green Rubber engages smallholders directly in establishing and maintaining scientifically rigorous intercropping experiments in their villages.

Using Man’e village and the Green Rubber project as a case study, I asked to what degree and …

The Impact Of The Queensland Shark Control Program On Local Populations Of Threatened Shark Species, 1962-2014, Carolyn Pushaw

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

Since 1962, the Queensland government has employed a shark control program consisting of shark nets and drum lines off the coast of popular beaches. This program is intended to protect beachgoers from shark interactions by fishing down local shark populations, reasoning that the fewer “large sharks that are present, all things being equal, the less chance of an attack occurring” (McPhee, 2012). In the current study, trends in Queensland Shark Control Program (QSCP) catch between 1962-2014 are examined for select threatened shark species; namely, Carcharodon carcharias, Carcharias taurus, and Sphyrna spp. For all focus species, significant and consistent …

Wildlife Crime And Other Challenges To Resource System Resilience, Patricia Anne Raxter

Graduate Program in International Studies Theses & Dissertations

Although wildlife crime has exploded in Africa over the past decade —“commercial poaching” now kills an estimated eight percent of the continent’s elephant population each year—some governments have proven more successful than others at protecting wildlife and preserving habitats. To explain this variation, this study examines how the policies of three states (Kenya, Tanzania, and Botswana) have enhanced or undermined the resilience of the continent’s elephant ecosystem. Using the social-ecological system framework, the study illustrates how each state’s changing practices have either exacerbated the stresses wrought by wildlife crime or successfully protected local populations from poaching. The study finds that …

The Role Of The Vta Nmda Receptors, Vta Da Cells And Vta Terminal Regions In Reward-Related Learning, Karen Kest

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Reward-related learning occurs when an initially neutral stimulus acquires the capacity to elicit responses similar to an unconditioned stimulus (US) with which it is associated, in which case the stimulus now functions as a conditioned stimulus (CS). The mechanisms whereby stimuli come to function as CSs are not fully understood and comprise the theme of this dissertation. We have previously proposed that coincident signals from an unconditioned and the eventual conditioned stimulus (US and CS) signals on dopamine (DA) cells of the ventral tegmental area (VTA) leads to strengthening of CS synapses, allowing the CS to acquire the ability to …