Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Iran, Syd Dillard

Human Rights & Human Welfare

The West has been conditioned to perceive Iran as hostile, suspect, and promoting terrorism. The conventional wisdom is that Iran is not an “open society”, but one where dissent is repressed. However, the literature, as in the quote above, paints a picture of diverse peoples and political thought. Yet diversity in popular attitudes does not preclude Iran from a troubling human rights record. The more reformers demand and speak out, the more repressive the regime becomes. In defense of these activities, Iran appeals to cultural and religious tradition. Outside its borders, Iran has also been either a sponsor or supporter …

Israel, Sydney Fisher

Human Rights & Human Welfare

Israel and Palestine have been in an “interim period” between full scale occupation and a negotiated end to the conflict for a long time. This supposedly intermediate period in the conflict has seen no respite from violations of Palestinians’ human rights or the suicide bombings affecting Israelis. This section will provide resources spanning the issues regarding Israel, Palestine and how the human rights dimensions of this conflict interact with the war on terror. The issue of how both sides will arrive at peace remains a mystery.

Pakistan, Susannah Compton, Toni Panetta

Human Rights & Human Welfare

Following armed hostilities in 1947-1949 between India and Pakistan, the region once known as the Princely State of Jammu and Kashmir was divided. The disputed territory continues to split relations between Pakistan and India and the threat of war has been a daunting force as recently as 2002.

Uganda, Simon Amajuru

Human Rights & Human Welfare

The war in northern Uganda is one against civilians. Although the government purports to be targeting Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA) rebels, it is well known that more than 80% of the current rebels were conscripted against their will. The war has continued for more than 17 years, caused displacement of more than 1. 6 million people, and left more than 100,000 people dead. Over 20,000 children have been abducted and forced to join the LRW ranks or become sex slaves, while over 50,000 children have turned into “night commuters” for fear of abductions.

Sri Lanka, Amanda Donahoe

Human Rights & Human Welfare

Sri Lanka has been entrenched in a civil war for two decades. As in ethnic conflicts in many other post-colonial countries, the different groups of Sri Lanka give loyalty primarily to the group, rather than to the entire country. The Sinhalese majority have slowly populated the government and treated the Tamil minority as a threat to national stability, instead of as candidates for conciliation and power sharing. Consequently, the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) has taken up arms against the Sinhalese controlled government to fight for an independent homeland in the north and north-east parts of the country in …

Sudan, Alexandra Nichols

Human Rights & Human Welfare

Since independence Sudan has found itself almost constantly embroiled in civil conflict within its own borders. Throughout the 1990’s, Sudan was widely known to sponsor terrorism, having such as including Osama bin Laden from 1991-1996. American sanctions have been in place in Sudan since 1997, the last American ambassador was removed in 1998, and Sudan has been on the U.S. State Departments list of sponsored terrorists since 1993.

Uzbekistan, Chris Maggard

Human Rights & Human Welfare

The Central Asian republics have largely remained hidden from the world attention since they gained independence a decade ago. However, immediately following September 11th the region was brought into focus as a part of the US-led “War on Terror”. Uzbekistan became a full partner in this initiative when the government decided to allow the U.S. military full use of its territory in the invasion against Afghanistan . As Uzbek President Karimov has become willing to work with the West than neighboring countries, the debate in recent years has been how and to what extent, rather than whether or not the …

State-Building In Afghanistan, Melanie Kawano, Amy Mcguire

Human Rights & Human Welfare

Since the U.S. intervention in Afghanistan in late 2001, Afghan citizens and members of the global community have been grappling with the question of how to build a state that can fill the void created by decades of conflict and violence. However, the concept of “state-building” is complex. The term describes both an internal process and international assistance; it requires short-term action as well as a long-term vision. While no precise formula for state-building exists, there are historical precedents and “models” of state-building expressed by great powers and multilaterals. In reality, however, these are based on best guesses that fail …

Neotrusteeship In Bosnia, Lauren Ingram

Human Rights & Human Welfare

The conflict in Bosnia resulted in 4.3 million displaced people, 250,000 estimated casualties, and more than 200,000 wounded including 50,000 children. (Cousens and Carter 25). In 1995, these facts became known to the world when the U.N. Protection Force (UNPROFOR), NATO, and the United States were able to reach a peace agreement with warring factions. As in World War II, Bosnian-Serbians, Bosnian-Croatians, Croatians, Muslim were active combatants. However, unlike World War II, no single governing authority emerged. Instead, the U.N., with key U.S. involvement, had to institute not only peace but also an administration that could uphold that peace. The …

Neotrusteeship In Iraq, Tim Melvin

Human Rights & Human Welfare

This section deals with literature that examines the role and effectiveness of the Coalition Provisional Authority (CPA) in administering Iraq from 2003 till 2004. Foreign rule plays an important role in developing failed state’s infrastructure and institutions. By examining critical elements of the CPA’s administration, this section focuses on the overall success and failures of the CPA administrative capacity, and what this means for the future of Iraq’s new government. Since the cessation of the CPA, the Iraqi government has had its ups and downs and is still heavily reliant on the American presence. But some positive elements have been …

Contributors

Asian Review

No abstract provided.

Notes For Contributors

Asian Review

No abstract provided.

Structures Of Violence: The Proliferation Of Atrocity Environments Under The Brazilian Military Government And The Bush Administration, Kara Martinez

Human Rights & Human Welfare

A review of:

Violence Workers: Police Torturers and Murderers Reconstruct Brazilian Atrocities by Martha K. Huggins, Mika Haritos- Fatouros, and Philip G. Zimbardo. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 2002. 293 pp.

The Tumen River Area Development Program, Chanwoo Lee

Asian Review

The development of the Tumen River area, located where the borders of China, Russia, and the DPRK meet, has been conducted in a multilateral framework since the collapse of the Cold War structure around 1990. However development has been obstructed by differences of opinion, a dearth of experience of international cooperation on the part of the participating countries, lack of an institutional base, absence of a country that can provide leadership, limits on the supply of development finance, and lack of information exchange between participating countries. In 2005 the participating government agreed to extend the project to 2015, and expand …

The Democratic Fatwa: Islam And Democracy In The Realm Of Constitutional Politics, Noah Feldman

Oklahoma Law Review

No abstract provided.

Escaping Victor's Justice By The Use Of Truth And Reconcilliation Commissions, Randall T. Coyne

Oklahoma Law Review

No abstract provided.

Asean's Fta Strategy In East Asia, Suthiphand Chirathivat

Asian Review

Since the 1997 financial crisis, ASEAN countries have become involved individually and regionally in the accelerating trend towards bilateral free trade agreements. Singapore began the trend, followed by Thailand, and then other countries including Malaysia, the Philippines and Vietnam. ASEAN also accepted China's proposal for an agreement with the grouping as a whole, leading to similar negotiations with Japan, India and South Korea. A complex web of bilateral agreements is emerging. At present it is not clear how this will affect ASEAN's progress towards deeper regional integration.

Towards An Asean Economic Community And A Freer Flow Of Persons, Patcharawalai Wongboonsin

Asian Review

The transnational flows of persons has become an important topic in ASEAN integration following the ASEAN initiative to liberalize trade in services, and with the new vision to achieve an ASEAN Economic Community by 2015. But the ASEAN Framework Agreement on Services is vague, inconsistent, and lacking in implementation mechanisms. I argue that a freer flow of persons can contribute to the interests of both states and the region, but requires many changes in the commitment of ASEAN member states, working practices, and institutions within ASEAN.

The Future Of East Asian Regionalism: Forging A Common Vision, Richard W. X. Hu

Asian Review

No abstract provided.

Kunming-Lao Cai-Hanoi-Haiphong Economic Corridor, Nguyen Xuan Thang

Asian Review

The paper starts with a brief introduction to the concept of an economic corridor as background to outlining the characteristics, advantages and disadvantages, opportunities and difficulties in the development of the Kunming-Lao Cai-Hanoi-Haiphong Economic Corridor, one of the two economic corridors and one coastal economic belt that were approved by the governments of Vietnam and China in June 2006 for the development of the two countries and the region as a whole. The paper argues that this corridor has good prospects because of its important role in ASEAN China economic relations, and because of the strong political will on the …

Energy Competition And Cooperation In The Bimstec Region: Potential And Prospects For Myanmar, Myat Thein, Myoe Myint

Asian Review

This paper explores the prospects for Myanmar to contribute towards energy cooperation in the region while at the same time promoting sustainable development at home. Myanmar has large unused reserves of renewables, especially hydropower and biomass. Natural gas contributes to export earnings, but oil imports are growing. India and China have large appetites for energy. Myanmar, along with Bhutan, Nepal, and Bangladesh, have unused potential which could contribute to export earnings and growth through export to these large neighbors. However the development of these reserves requires regional cooperation, especially for investment in distribution grids. Currently Myanmar's energy policy is unfocused. …

Introduction: Regional And Subregional Cooperation And Integration In East Asia, Mya Than

Asian Review

No abstract provided.

Development In The Indonesia-Malaysia-Singapore Growth Triangle, Toh Mun Heng

Asian Review

In this article, I explore whether regional economic cooperation in the form of growth triangles, made popular during the late 1980s, can continue to be relevant in the face of more formal arrangements such as free trade agreements and other bilateral initiatives in recent years. The discussion is focussed on the Indonesia-Malaysia-Singapore growth triangle which is a pioneering arrangement in Southeast Asia. This project continues to be a successful mode of cooperation among the three countries and will remain a key and subtle framework for regional economic collaboration amidst the plethora of other initiatives. Growth triangles are one of several …

Abbreviations

Asian Review

No abstract provided.

Democracy's Paradox: Popular Rule As A Constitutional Limit On Foreign Policy Promoting Popular Rule, Harry F. Tepker Jr.

Oklahoma Law Review

No abstract provided.