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Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Early Evidence For Complex Social Structure In Proboscidea From A Late Miocene Trackway Site In The United Arab Emirates, Faysal Bibi, Brian Kraatz, Nathan M. Craig, Mark Beech, Mathieu Schuster
Early Evidence For Complex Social Structure In Proboscidea From A Late Miocene Trackway Site In The United Arab Emirates, Faysal Bibi, Brian Kraatz, Nathan M. Craig, Mark Beech, Mathieu Schuster
Nathan M Craig
Many living vertebrates exhibit complex social structures, evidence for the antiquity of which is limited to rare and exceptional fossil finds. Living elephants possess a characteristic social structure that is sex-segregated and multitiered, centred around a matriarchal family and solitary or loosely associated groups of adult males. Although the fossil record of Proboscidea is extensive, the origin and evolution of social structure in this clade is virtually unknown. Here, we present imagery and analyses of an extensive late Miocene fossil trackway site from the United Arab Emirates. The site of Mleisa 1 preserves exceptionally long trackways of a herd of …
Geologic Constraints On Rain-Fed Qocha Reservoir Agricultural Infrastructure, Northern Lake Titicaca Basin, Peru, Nathan M. Craig, Mark Aldenderfer, Paul Baker, Catherine Rigsby, :Luis Flores Blanco
Geologic Constraints On Rain-Fed Qocha Reservoir Agricultural Infrastructure, Northern Lake Titicaca Basin, Peru, Nathan M. Craig, Mark Aldenderfer, Paul Baker, Catherine Rigsby, :Luis Flores Blanco
Nathan M Craig
This paper reports new data on qocha ponds from the Rio PucaraeAzángaro interfluvial zone, northern Lake Titicaca Basin, Peru. Qocha are a little known form of Andean agriculture that developed around 800e500 B.C. and remain in use today. Prior estimates suggested that in the study area, there were more than 25,000 qocha. While most Andean sunken beds are excavated to reach groundwater, qocha are rain- fed ponds. How these rain-fed ponds functioned has been an open question, but one that is answered in part by research presented in this paper.We suggest that a thick impermeable stratum of clay that was …
Ground Truthing Of Remotely Identified Fortifications On The Central Coast Of Perú, Margaret Brown Vega, Nathan M. Craig, Gerbert Asencios Lindo
Ground Truthing Of Remotely Identified Fortifications On The Central Coast Of Perú, Margaret Brown Vega, Nathan M. Craig, Gerbert Asencios Lindo
Nathan M Craig
Remote imagery, including freely available satellite images viewed in Google Earth_ and historic aerial photographs, was used to identify anomalies in a 25,000 km2 macroregion encompassing 13 river valleys along the Peruvian coast. These anomalies, located atop hills and mountains, were hypothesized prehispanic fortifications. A sample of remotely identified anomalies was ground truthed in the Huaura and Fortaleza Valleys on the Central Coast of Perú. 140 positive anomalies were documented and assessed using a simple defensibility index. Our results significantly increase the number of fortifications identified in both valleys. We demonstrate the efficacy of this method for locating fortifications in …