Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Floristic Variation Among Gravel Bars In A Subalpine River, Montana, Usa., George Malanson, D. Butler

George P Malanson

The presence and abundance of plant species on active geomorphological surfaces, such as fluvial gravel bars in subalpine rivers, may reveal different effects of the environment, location, and chance on the assemblage of species during succession. Two-dimensional ordination mapping of species and correlations of abundance with simple environmental variables were used to examine relationships between the individual species and this dynamic environment. The ordination indicates that species are segregated by adaptations suggestive of successional pathway and successional stage. An examination of the distribution of species abundances plotted against the environmental variables reveals few distinct relationships. The differences in species abundances …

Considering Complexity, George Malanson

George P Malanson

No abstract provided.

Progress In Soil Organic Matter Research, Vineet Yadav, George Malanson

George P Malanson

Retention and sequestration of soil organic matter is extremely important for the maintenance of soil structure, agricultural productivity and carbon sequestration. Research in soil organic matter has advanced on many fronts in the last half century. During this time understanding of the factors governing plant litter decomposition has increased considerably resulting in the formulation of process and organism-based models. Remote sensing has been shown to be useful for quickly monitoring stocks of soil organic carbon in the topsoil although much remains to be done to establish its efficacy. Fluxes of soil organic matter in the changing climatic scenarios have been …

An Assessment Of Snow Avalanche Paths And Forest Dynamics Using Ikonos Satellite Data, S. Walsh, D. Weiss, D. Butler, George Malanson

George P Malanson

No abstract provided.

Ordination Of Woody Vegetation In A Ouachita National Forest Watershed, George Malanson, Denise Marion

George P Malanson

Species response to competition and other environmental gradients has important implications for forest ecosystem managers who desire to both maintain diversity and provide a sustained flow of forest goods and services. Woody species on a 140-acre watershed in the Ouachita National Forest are ordinated with detrended correspondence analysis (DCA) and canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) to identify the important influences on species distribution at this scale. Species composition is found to respond primarily to a moisture gradient, and secondarily to competition with shortleaf pine (Pinus echinata Mill.). Centrifugal organization of species along gradients is suggested by the relative locations of species …

Village Settlement, Deforestation, And The Expansion Of Agriculture In A Frontier Region: Nang Rong, Thailand, B. Entwisle, J. Edmeades, George Malanson

George P Malanson

No abstract provided.

Habitats, Hierarchical Scales, And Nonlinearities: An Ecological Perspective On Linking Household And Remotely Sensed Data On Land-Use/Cover Change, George Malanson

George P Malanson

No abstract provided.

Influences Of Geomorphology And Geology On Alpine Treeline In The American West; More Important Than Climatic Influences?, David Butler, George Malanson, Stephen Walsh, Daniel Fagre

George P Malanson

No abstract provided.

Lithologic, Structural, And Geomorphic Controls On Ribbon Forest Patterns In A Glaciated Mountain Environment, David Butler, George Malanson, Matthew Bekker, Lynn Resler

George P Malanson

So-called "ribbon forests" have been attributed to snowdrift patterns and fire history without reference to geomorphology [Vegetatio 19 (1969) 192]. This paper illustrates how site conditions of geomorphology and geology explain the origin of ribbon forests. In Glacier National Park, MT (USA), regional tectonic uplift associated with the Laramide Orogeny produced structural features that amplify lithologic differences. Pleistocene glaciation scoured deeply along the strike of bedding planes, highlighting this pattern and in some cases producing fine-scale parallel finger lakes between forested ribbon strips. Twelve ribbon forest sites on both sides of the Continental Divide were closely studied on stereoscopic aerial …

Soils And Pedogenesis At Alpine Tree Line, Ginger Schmid, David Butler, George Malanson, Lynn Resler

George P Malanson

No abstract provided.

The Geomorphic Influences Of Beaver Dams And Failures Of Beaver Dams, David Butler, George Malanson

George P Malanson

No abstract provided.

Sedimentation Rates And Patterns In Beaver Ponds In A Mountain Environment, David Butler, George Malanson

George P Malanson

Sediment depth was measured at several sites within each of eight beaver ponds in Glacier National Park, Montana, and sediment samples were collected from five of these ponds. Accumulation rates of sediments far exceeded published rates from boreal forest landscapes in eastern and central North America. Pond area strongly predicts volume of sedimentation. Textural differences illustrated spatial variations associated with position in a pond and along a pond sequence. Organic matter content was significantly higher in older ponds, and has ramifications for the development of the benthos and the long-term storage of matter in ponds. The role of beavers as …

Snow-Avalanche Paths; Conduits From The Periglacial-Alpine To The Subalpine-Depositional Zone, David Butler, George Malanson, Stephen Walsh

George P Malanson

No abstract provided.

Precipitation And Temperature Estimation Error At Alpine Treeline Ecotones Using The Mountain Climate Simulator Model (Mt-Clim), Darren Grafius, George Malanson

George P Malanson

In order to improve modeling of alpine treeline responses to climate change, estimations of snowfall at treeline sites are needed. The MT-CLIM climate model was evaluated for this purpose by extrapolating precipitation and temperature from standard weather stations at lower elevations to 30 alpine SNOTEL study sites across the western United States. Quantification of the topography between the base stations and the SNOTEL sites was used in inverse distance weighting and compared to straight-line weighting. The predicted temperature and precipitation under different weighting methods were compared to observed data over three months during the winter of 2006-2007. The errors were …

Alpine Treeline Of Western North America; Linking Organism-To-Landscape Dynamics, George Malanson, David Butler, Daniel Fagre, Stephen Walsh

George P Malanson

No abstract provided.

Modeling Interactive Effects Of Climate Change, Air Pollution, And Fire On A California Shrubland, George Malanson, Walter Westman

George P Malanson

A computer simulation model (FINICS) was used to project the interactive effects of CO2-induced climate change on a drought-deciduous shrubland. FINICS simulates the competitive relations of five dominant shrub species of Californian coastal sage scrub, based on their aboveground growth and reproductive behavior. The model was used to simulate the separate and combined effects of altered precipitation, temperature, ambient ozone levels, and fuel loads and fire intensity, on species composition. Both growth chamber and field data were used to parameterize the model. Projections show that changes attributed to climate variation alone were markedly accentuated when the indirect effects of climate …

Introduction To The Special Issue: Mountain Geomorphology--Integrating Earth Systems, David Butler, Stephen Walsh, George Malanson

George P Malanson

No abstract provided.

The Biodiversity Crisis., J. Kupfer, George Malanson

George P Malanson

No abstract provided.

Neutral Landscapes: Bases For Exploration In Landscape Ecology, Qian Wang, George Malanson

George P Malanson

No abstract provided.

Sedimentation Patterns And Rates In Beaver Ponds, David Butler, George Malanson

George P Malanson

No abstract provided.

Ecological Response To Global Climatic Change, George Malanson, D. Butler, S. Walsh

George P Malanson

This volume, celebrating the 100th anniversary of the Association of American Geographers, is dedicated to the idea that geographers can make substantive differences to the lives of people and to the well being of the planet that gives the discipline its name. WorldMinds provides broad exposure to a geography that is engaged with discovery, interpretation, and problem solving. Its 100 succinct chapters demonstrate the theories, methods, and data used by geographers, and exemplify the conceptual and topical richness of contemporary geography. The 150 contributing authors and co-authors address the challenges posed by issues such as globalization, regional and ethnic conflict, …

A Major Sediment Pulse In A Subalpine River Caused By Debris Flows In Montana, Usa, David Butler, George Malanson

George P Malanson

No abstract provided.

Non-Equilibrium Geomorphic Processes And Patterns On Avalanche Paths In The Northern Rocky Mountains, U.S.A, David Butler, George Malanson

George P Malanson

No abstract provided.

Nonequilibrium Geomorphic Processes And Deterministic Chaos, George Malanson, David Butler, Konstantine Georgakakos

George P Malanson

No abstract provided.

Habitat And Plant Distributions In Hanging Gardens Of The Narrows, Zion National Park, Utah, George P. Malanson

George P Malanson

No abstract provided.

Linear Vegetation Patterns In Subalpine Forests., Matthew Bekker, George Malanson

George P Malanson

The study of vegetation pattern can yield valuable insight into interactions between vegetation and the environment. These interactions often involve positive feedback wherein biological, atmospheric, or geomorphic processes are amplified, resulting in abrupt vegetation boundaries, rapid changes, and/or thresholds in system behavior. Many relatively linear vegetation patterns have been described in subalpine forests, including "ribbon forests," "krummholz islands," "hedges," "fingers," and "fir waves." In this paper I review research on these phenomena, including an assessment of their distribution, the combinations of environment and species that produce them, and the implications of their existence for using vegetation boundaries as indicators of …

Reinterpretation Of Relations Between Vegetation Removal And Water Yield, George P. Malanson, D. P. Post

George P Malanson

While the relation between vegetation clearance and increasing streamflow appears to be strong for data aggregated among geographic regions, results are equivocal in local areas. Earlier data are re-analyzed to consider the role of hydroclimatology. While vegetation clearance increases absolute streamflow, the proportional change is not significant. Residuals of regressions of absolute and proportional change in streamflow on vegetation clearance are related to precipitation, with positive and negative slopes, respectively. A few outliers with high responses are important in creating a pattern, and hydroclimatology is a better predictor of change in streamflow than is vegetation clearance for aggregate data. With …

The Fractal Shape Of Riparian Forest Patches, K. Rex, George Malanson

George P Malanson

Remnant patches of a forest corridor were examined along the Iowa and Cedar Rivers, Iowa. A fractal dimension was found for these patches which was incorporated with the perimeter:area ratio in an index of shape. This index was then regressed on 5 hydrogeomorphic variables hypothesized to represent processes which might control patch dimensions, plus a variable to represent human impact. The hydrogeomorphic variables were derived from topographic maps; the impact variable used was the proportion of perimeter that was occupied by a road, railroad, transmission line, urban or other built area, or a straight line judged to be agricultural. Three …

Placing Gis In Sustainability Education, Sungsoon Hwang

Sungsoon Hwang