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Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Trends And Causes Of Socio-Economic Inequality In Teenage Pregnancy And Childbearing In Tanzania, Magashi Joseph, Asela Miho Jul 2021

Trends And Causes Of Socio-Economic Inequality In Teenage Pregnancy And Childbearing In Tanzania, Magashi Joseph, Asela Miho

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

The paper analyses the trends and causes of socioeconomic inequalities in teenage pregnancy and childbearing in Tanzania using the 2004/05, 2009/10 and 2015/16 Tanzania Demographic and Health Survey (TDHS) data. The analysis of trends and causes of socioeconomic-inequality uses a representative sample of 7,450 teenagers who were pregnant or had a child during the survey. Teenagers were obtained from a multi-stage sampling technique. Erreygers Index (EI) and its decomposition are used in the analyses. The EI indicates a significant increase in the magnitude of inequalities in teenage pregnancy and childbearing over time. Further, there exists a pro-poor inequality in teenage …


Advantages And Disadvantages Of The Hotel Industry In Hainan Island (China), Сhen Liu, Olga Vasilievna Ivlieva, Jia Ma, Sayora Uralovna Tadjieva Jul 2021

Advantages And Disadvantages Of The Hotel Industry In Hainan Island (China), Сhen Liu, Olga Vasilievna Ivlieva, Jia Ma, Sayora Uralovna Tadjieva

Scientific reports of Bukhara State University

Introduction. A country located in Central and East Asia. It is one of the most populous and largest countries in the world. To the east, the Pacific Ocean is bordered by the Yellow, Shanghai China and South China Seas. The area is 9.6 million. km². Population 1 billion. 394 mln. person The capital city - Beijing is administratively divided into 23 provinces (including Chinese Taipei), 5 autonomous regions and 4 cities subordinate to the center (Beijing, Shanghai, Tenzin, Chunxin). Hainan is the smallest and southern province of the People's Republic of China (PRC), consisting of various islands in the South …


Cirp Re-Engineering And Re-Structuring Under Insolvency And Bankruptcy Reforms, Joy Kattadiyil Binoy, Bakhtiyor Anvarovich Islamov Jul 2021

Cirp Re-Engineering And Re-Structuring Under Insolvency And Bankruptcy Reforms, Joy Kattadiyil Binoy, Bakhtiyor Anvarovich Islamov

Scientific reports of Bukhara State University

Introduction. This article discusses the theory of corporate restructuring and its importance in the country. Business restructuring is the redesigning of existing business strategies and aspects for various reasons. Usually a corporate’s varied challenges and financial adjustments to its assets and liabilities necessitates this process. It analyses how the different avenues of business restructuring exercises such as mergers, acquisitions, amalgamations, compromises, and arrangement are processed with in respect to the process provided under the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code 2016. Introduction followed by brief Literature Review. Research methods are exploratory in nature, since the study has to explore the impact of …


Determinants Of The Changing Funding Burden Of Higher Education, Matthew Van Den Berg Jul 2021

Determinants Of The Changing Funding Burden Of Higher Education, Matthew Van Den Berg

Mountain Plains Journal of Business and Technology

This paper analyses the political economy of public higher education funding in the United States and offers a unique conceptual and empirical approach to describe the determinants of funding sources. By evaluating the tuition proportion of revenue, this analysis estimates the determinants of the relative distribution of the funding burden between public and private sources. The empirical results show inelastic substitution between government appropriations and tuition revenue, significant demand effects on tuition revenue, and that institutional differences contribute to varying dependence on tuition as a source of revenue. The estimated determinants identify several areas where state and university policies may …


The Impact Of Temperature On Labor Quality: Umpire Accuracy In Major League Baseball, Eric Fesselmeyer Jul 2021

The Impact Of Temperature On Labor Quality: Umpire Accuracy In Major League Baseball, Eric Fesselmeyer

Research Collection College of Integrative Studies

Using data from Major League Baseball, I compute an objective measure of the home plate umpire's work quality-the accuracy of his ball and strike calls during a game-and measure how it varies with temperature. I find that an increase in game-time temperature from between 70 and 80 degrees F to above 95 degrees F decreases an umpire's accuracy by a little less than a percentage point, which is a 5.5% increase in the pitch-calling error rate when evaluated at the mean error rate of 13.3%. Restricting the sample to borderline pitches increases the magnitude of the hot-weather effect on accuracy …


The Unique Role Of The State Press In The Chinese Economy, Singapore Management University Jul 2021

The Unique Role Of The State Press In The Chinese Economy, Singapore Management University

Perspectives@SMU

CUHK research investigates the role played by China’s state-owned media in supplying information vital to the functioning of China’s capital markets


Searching For True Happiness, Taylor Shipley Jul 2021

Searching For True Happiness, Taylor Shipley

Proceedings of the Jepson Undergraduate Conference on International Economics

This paper takes a look into what variables might impact an individual's happiness. It utilizes the most recent World Happiness Report along with data collected from the UN. Two regressions were run, the first one using the variables GDP per capita, female and male life expectancy, unemployment rate, literacy rate, and consumer price index with a total of one hundred forty-eight countries. The second regression used the same variables along with corruption rating with a total of fifty-nine countries. It was found that GDP per capita, female life expectancy, and unemployment were the only three significant variables in the first …


Poverty Reduction By Getting Female Farmers Access To Cash And Credit, Sandra J. Thiman Jul 2021

Poverty Reduction By Getting Female Farmers Access To Cash And Credit, Sandra J. Thiman

Proceedings of the Jepson Undergraduate Conference on International Economics

Women represent the majority of agricultural labor in low-income countries, even though they have lower access to productive resources in agriculture. A major problem is the shortfall of independent income, control over finances, and lack of credit. Hence this paper examines whether women’s access to cash and credit can reduce poverty headcount. Moreover, advantageous outcomes such as an increase in yield, improvement in child health, and increase in sustainability may be achieved by allowing women farmers more access to finances. This research entails a comparative analysis between Kenya and Uganda, where I examine poverty headcount in comparison to financial policies, …


Economic Implications Of Disasters On Cooperative Sector In Calabarzon, Philippines, Ceptryl S. Mina, Liezel S. Cruz Jul 2021

Economic Implications Of Disasters On Cooperative Sector In Calabarzon, Philippines, Ceptryl S. Mina, Liezel S. Cruz

Journal of Economics, Management and Agricultural Development

Cooperatives serve as an important tool for improving the living conditions of members and their community. However, like any other business enterprise, cooperatives are also exposed to disasters that may affect their
operations. This study analyzed the economic effects of disasters on cooperatives in CALABARZON, Philippines. Results of the Pearson’s chi-square test showed that cooperatives are exposed to various types of natural, biological, and humaninduced disasters. It was found out that disasters lead to increased operational costs and reduced net surplus. Using emergency-use-only cell phones and generators, changing production patterns, limiting high risk-customers, buying insurance, and establishing online and offline …


Experiences And Coping Strategies During The Covid-19 Pandemic Among Fishers And Farmers In The Island Province Of Guimaras, Philippines, Gay Margarett A. Gange, Louie Marie T. Eluriaga, Alice Joan G. Ferrer Jul 2021

Experiences And Coping Strategies During The Covid-19 Pandemic Among Fishers And Farmers In The Island Province Of Guimaras, Philippines, Gay Margarett A. Gange, Louie Marie T. Eluriaga, Alice Joan G. Ferrer

Journal of Economics, Management and Agricultural Development

This study describes the experiences and coping strategies related with the COVID-19 threat and the community quarantine policy by the fishers and farmers in the island province of Guimaras. Both food producers faced marketrelated problems such as low demand, low prices of catch and produce, and logistical problems. While the in-kind support (e.g., food provisions) received and adaptive measures (e.g., continued with fishing or adjusted harvest schedule; use of social media or delivery services in marketing) allowed them to get by during the pandemic, there is a need to develop more resilient farming and fishing households. Short-term support can be …


Squawking About Persistently Higher Inflation?, Thomas Lam Jul 2021

Squawking About Persistently Higher Inflation?, Thomas Lam

Sim Kee Boon Institute for Financial Economics

All signs point to an uncertain path for inflation in the future. While inflation is set to stay prospectively higher in the US in the near-term, it's unlikely to remain so.


International Medical Graduates And Health Outcomes: A Way Out Or A Grave Mistake, Neel Lal Jul 2021

International Medical Graduates And Health Outcomes: A Way Out Or A Grave Mistake, Neel Lal

Proceedings of the Jepson Undergraduate Conference on International Economics

Insufficient healthcare access has been a principal concern for policymakers and health care providers. And yet, fewer Americans in 2015 had a primary care provider than in 2002. Worsening healthcare access presents an immediate problem and warrants a prompt solution. One potential solution to this problem involves integrating more International Medical Graduates (IMGs) into the medical workforce. In this investigation, we evaluated the effect of (1) IMG trainees (residents and fellows) and (2) all IMGs (including trainees) on mortality rates. We found no evidence that the addition of IMG trainees affects mortality rates, both in the aggregate and across different …


Average Life Expectancy Across Nations, Madison Eberhart Jul 2021

Average Life Expectancy Across Nations, Madison Eberhart

Proceedings of the Jepson Undergraduate Conference on International Economics

This paper analyzes life expectancy and the factors that influence it across several different countries worldwide. Data is collected from the World Bank DataBank. The cross-sectional data set contains variables for nation population, percentage of citizens with access to electricity, net income per capita, labor force participation rate, crude birth rate, population density, the percent of a nation’s population that is female, and the dependent variable being average life expectancy. This regression gives insight as to how strongly average life expectancy is affected by the different independent variables selected. It is important to understand how different elements and factors correlate …


So How To Make Group Decisions? Arrow's Impossibility Theorem 70 Years After, Hung T. Nguyen, Olga Kosheleva, Vladik Kreinovich Jul 2021

So How To Make Group Decisions? Arrow's Impossibility Theorem 70 Years After, Hung T. Nguyen, Olga Kosheleva, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

In 1951, Kenneth Arrow proved that it is not possible to have a group decision making procedure that satisfies reasonable requirements like fairness. From the theoretical viewpoint, this is a great result -- well-deserving the Nobel Prize that was awarded to Professor Arrow. However, from the practical viewpoint, the question remains -- so how should we make group decisions? A usual way to solve this problem is to provide some reasonable heuristic ideas, but the problem is that different seemingly reasonable idea often lead to different group decision -- this is known, e.g., for different voting schemes. In this paper, …


Archipelago On Lockdown: An Assessment Of The Effects Of The Covid-19 Pandemic On Philippines’ Micro, Small, And Medium Enterprises (Msmes) Across The Food Value Chain, Remund Jordan D. Labios, Dinah Pura T. Depositario, Nohreen Ethel P. Manipol, Renen Szillardo C. De Guzman, Dia Noelle F. Velasco Jul 2021

Archipelago On Lockdown: An Assessment Of The Effects Of The Covid-19 Pandemic On Philippines’ Micro, Small, And Medium Enterprises (Msmes) Across The Food Value Chain, Remund Jordan D. Labios, Dinah Pura T. Depositario, Nohreen Ethel P. Manipol, Renen Szillardo C. De Guzman, Dia Noelle F. Velasco

Journal of Economics, Management and Agricultural Development

The paper examined the effects of COVID-19 pandemic on the Philippines’ MSMEs across the food value chain and the strategies that food-based MSMEs employed to cope with disruptions. A food value chain framework was used to
analyze the food-based MSMEs, focusing on the input and service provision, production/farming, processing, transport and storage, retailing, and consumption. Results revealed the following: (1) different quarantine protocols across provincial and local boundaries contributed to the complexity of transporting inputs and products; (2) limited mobility of manpower contributed to the challenges of continuing business operations; (3) there was an observed increase in new financing programs …


Forecast Pooling Or Information Pooling During Crises? Midas Forecasting Of Gdp In A Small Open Economy, Hwee Kwan Chow-Tan, Daniel Han Jul 2021

Forecast Pooling Or Information Pooling During Crises? Midas Forecasting Of Gdp In A Small Open Economy, Hwee Kwan Chow-Tan, Daniel Han

SMU Economics and Statistics Working Paper Series

This study compares two distinct approaches, pooling forecasts from single indicator MIDAS models versus pooling information from indicators into factor MIDAS models, for short-term Singapore GDP growth forecasting with a large ragged-edge mixed frequency dataset. We investigate their relative predictive performance in a pseudo-out-of-sample forecasting exercise from 2007Q4 to 2020Q3. In the stable growth non-crisis period, no substantial difference in predictive performance is found across forecast models. We find factor MIDAS models dominate both the quarterly benchmark model and the forecast pooling strategy by wide margins in the Global Financial Crisis and the Covid-19 crisis. Reflecting the small open nature …


An Assessment Of Swine Industry In The Philippines, Christian Paul L. Fang, Cenon D. Elca Jul 2021

An Assessment Of Swine Industry In The Philippines, Christian Paul L. Fang, Cenon D. Elca

Journal of Economics, Management and Agricultural Development

This paper assessed the performance of swine industry in the Philippines by synthesizing secondary data from 1990 to 2020. Inefficiencies in major swine value chain segments were identified. The factors affecting swine production and pork consumption were determined using multiple regression analysis. The bottlenecks found along the chain are yellow corn supply deficit, fragmented structures of yellow corn and backyard farms, high disease susceptibility of backyard farms, and compromised meat quality produced from private slaughterhouses. The own price, inventory, and slaughtered animals have significant direct effects on swine production. The retail price of pork and income have significant direct influences …


Towards Smallholder Food And Water Security: Climate Variability In The Context Of Multiple Livelihood Hazards In Nicaragua, Christopher M. Bacon, William A. Sundstrom, Iris Stewart-Frey, Edwin P. Maurer, Lisa C. Kelley Jul 2021

Towards Smallholder Food And Water Security: Climate Variability In The Context Of Multiple Livelihood Hazards In Nicaragua, Christopher M. Bacon, William A. Sundstrom, Iris Stewart-Frey, Edwin P. Maurer, Lisa C. Kelley

Environmental Studies and Sciences

Climate variability and change affect both food and water security, as do other hazards, such as shifting food prices, plant pathogens, and political economic changes. Although household food and water insecurity affect billions, most studies analyze them separately. This article develops a relational approach to explaining household access to food and water in a multi-hazard context. We identify pathways linking hazards to livelihood vulnerability and assess the relative importance of climate-related hazards. Analyzing longitudinal data collected from two surveys of the same 311 smallholder households in northern Nicaragua, conducted in 2014 and again in 2017, we find that peak seasons …


Chance Elections, Social Distancing Restrictions, And Kentucky's Early Covid-19 Experience, Charles J. Courtemanche, Joseph Garuccio, Anh Le, Joshua C. Pinkston, Aaron Yelowitz Jul 2021

Chance Elections, Social Distancing Restrictions, And Kentucky's Early Covid-19 Experience, Charles J. Courtemanche, Joseph Garuccio, Anh Le, Joshua C. Pinkston, Aaron Yelowitz

Economics Faculty Publications

Early in the pandemic, slowing the spread of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) relied on non-pharmaceutical interventions. All U.S. states adopted social-distancing restrictions in March and April of 2020, though policies varied both in timing and scope. Compared to states with Democratic governors, those with Republican governors often adopted measures for shorter durations and with greater resistance from their residents. In Kentucky, an extremely close gubernatorial election immediately prior to the discovery of SARS-CoV-2 replaced a Republican incumbent with a Democrat, despite Republicans easily winning all other statewide races. This chance election result offers a unique opportunity to examine the …


Information Avoidance And Medical Screening: A Field Experiment In China, Yufeng Li, Juanjuan Meng, Changcheng Song, Kai Zheng Jul 2021

Information Avoidance And Medical Screening: A Field Experiment In China, Yufeng Li, Juanjuan Meng, Changcheng Song, Kai Zheng

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Will individuals, especially high-risk individuals, avoid a disease test because of information avoidance? We conduct a field experiment to investigate this issue. We vary the price of a diabetes test (price experiment) and offer both a diabetes test and a cancer test (disease experiment) after eliciting participants’ subjective beliefs about their disease risk. We find evidence that, first, some people avoid the test even when there is neither a monetary nor a transaction cost, and second, both low- and high-risk individuals select out of the test as the price increases. We explain our findings using three classes of models of …


Generalized Local-To-Unity Models, Liyu Dou, Ulrich K. Müller Jul 2021

Generalized Local-To-Unity Models, Liyu Dou, Ulrich K. Müller

Research Collection School Of Economics

We introduce a generalization of the popular local‐to‐unity model of time series persistence by allowing for p autoregressive (AR) roots and p − 1 moving average (MA) roots close to unity. This generalized local‐to‐unity model, GLTU(p), induces convergence of the suitably scaled time series to a continuous time Gaussian ARMA(p,p − 1) process on the unit interval. Our main theoretical result establishes the richness of this model class, in the sense that it can well approximate a large class of processes with stationary Gaussian limits that are not entirely distinct from the unit root benchmark. We show that Campbell and …


Hedonic Price Of Housing Space, Sumit Agarwal, Yanying Chen, Li Jing, Yi Jin Tan Jul 2021

Hedonic Price Of Housing Space, Sumit Agarwal, Yanying Chen, Li Jing, Yi Jin Tan

Research Collection School Of Economics

This article estimates hedonic prices for different levels of housing space, by exploiting a unique space‐adding project in Singapore that added a uniform amount of space to each existing housing unit regardless of the original size. This space adding program was carried out if sufficient residents vote in favor of space adding. Using a difference‐in‐differences (DiD) strategy after restricting our sample to narrow margins around the voting cutoff, we find that the additional space increased the resale price of a housing unit by 7% on average, and the extent of price appreciation varied significantly across the original size of the …


The Effect Of Task Choice And Task Assignment On The Gender Earnings Gap: An Experimental Study, Kai Ou, Xiaofei Pan Jul 2021

The Effect Of Task Choice And Task Assignment On The Gender Earnings Gap: An Experimental Study, Kai Ou, Xiaofei Pan

Economics Faculty Journal Articles

Previous studies explain the gender earnings gap by gender differences in choosing competitive and higher-paying jobs. However, little is known about whether and how women’s earnings are affected when they choose more challenging jobs. In this study, we use a novel identification strategy to investigate 1) how the gender earnings gap arises from individuals’ self-selecting into different tasks and 2) whether mobilizing women to work on the tasks typically preferred by men increases women’s earnings and decreases the earnings gap. Our results show that men who prefer the hard and higher-paid task are more likely to obtain higher earnings regardless …


Data From: Commercial Bank And Currency Bureau Exchange Rate Sell-Buy Spreads In A Northern Mexico Metropolitan Economy, Thomas M. Fullerton Jr., Francisco J. Pallares Jul 2021

Data From: Commercial Bank And Currency Bureau Exchange Rate Sell-Buy Spreads In A Northern Mexico Metropolitan Economy, Thomas M. Fullerton Jr., Francisco J. Pallares

Datasets

Commercial banks and currency kiosk bureaus provide exchange services throughout Ciudad Juarez, Mexico, a large metropolitan economy located on the border with the United States. This study employs newspaper data to examine how the bank and kiosk sell-buy spreads are affected by fluctuations in the total number of northbound border crossers, variations in bilateral peso per dollar exchange rate, and the yield differential between 90-day Certificados de Tesorería (Mexico CETES) and 90-day U.S. Treasury Bills. The sample is comprised of monthly frequency data from January 2009 through June 2016. Parameter estimation is carried out using a GLS ARMAX procedure. Empirical …


Access To Financial Services And Income Inequality: A Panel Data Analysis, John Raymond A. Maniable, Marissa T. Barba Jul 2021

Access To Financial Services And Income Inequality: A Panel Data Analysis, John Raymond A. Maniable, Marissa T. Barba

Angelo King Institute for Economic and Business Studies (AKI)

The allocation of capital through finance alters economic opportunities. Access and use of financial services allow individuals to facilitate their daily payment transactions, think for the long term through borrowing and savings, or manage unexpected emergencies. Extending financial access universally should arguably benefit those on the lower end of the income distribution. Accordingly, this paper investigated the relationship between financial inclusion and income inequality using panel data of select countries for the period 2000–2017.


Database Formation Of Labor Profiles In Upskilling And Reskilling Programs To Prepare The Philippine Labor Force For The 4ir, Breanna Michaela S. Alaras, Malakai Rei F. Feliciano, Salian Idhanth, Abijah Kathryn B. Sta Ana Jul 2021

Database Formation Of Labor Profiles In Upskilling And Reskilling Programs To Prepare The Philippine Labor Force For The 4ir, Breanna Michaela S. Alaras, Malakai Rei F. Feliciano, Salian Idhanth, Abijah Kathryn B. Sta Ana

Angelo King Institute for Economic and Business Studies (AKI)

The policy focuses on data management of opportunities for upskilling/reskilling and the profile management of individual laborers’ professional information to effectively integrate the influence of technology on day-to-day life (Schwab, 2016). Laborers that register onto the platform will be matched with programs that can help them meet demands that emerged due to the evolution of their job description. The registration is done to make workers capable of integrating new technologies of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) into their workflow. Reskilling and upskilling can evolve operators of the past into “smart operators” that can work with augmented reality, virtual reality, and …


From Tasks To Riches: A Task-Based Approach To The Determinants Of Wages, Brian Daguman, Samantha Victoria Abordo Baradas, Aileen Abigail D. Co, Martha Louise Delos Santos Jul 2021

From Tasks To Riches: A Task-Based Approach To The Determinants Of Wages, Brian Daguman, Samantha Victoria Abordo Baradas, Aileen Abigail D. Co, Martha Louise Delos Santos

Angelo King Institute for Economic and Business Studies (AKI)

In most written literature on labor, wages are determined by labor market supply and demand factors. With this, what a person can control to increase their wages is to focus on their skill endowments, particularly honing skills. These skills this paper will be focusing on are those occupational-specific, which pertains to the tasks and activities that a worker does in their job. That being said, it is important for an average worker to improve their skills through human capital (i.e., internships and on-the-job training) identified in this study as cognitive-interactive, Information and Communications Technology (ICT), and computational skills are found …


Strategy For Improving The Quality Of Services, Facilities And Cleanliness Towards Kaltim Mess’S Guest Satisfaction, Hery Kurniawan Utama, Beti Nurbaiti, Soehardi Soehardi Jul 2021

Strategy For Improving The Quality Of Services, Facilities And Cleanliness Towards Kaltim Mess’S Guest Satisfaction, Hery Kurniawan Utama, Beti Nurbaiti, Soehardi Soehardi

Journal of Strategic and Global Studies

Penelitian ini membahas pengaruh variabel kualitas pelayanan, fasilitas dan kebersihan terhadap kepuasan tamu. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh kualitas pelayanan terhadap kepuasan tamu, untuk mengetahui pengaruh fasilitas terhadap kepuasan tamu dan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kebersihan terhadap kepuasan tamu selama pandemi Covid 19 di Messaging Agency Kalimantan Timur di Jakarta. . Metode yang digunakan adalah metode Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) dengan software LISREL 8.7 yang menguji validitas, reliabilitas, uji model pengukuran, uji kesesuaian model struktural (solusi standar) dan uji model struktural (T-Value). Dalam penelitian tesis ini, Analisis SEM dengan Lisrel dilakukan mulai dari tahap prates dan penelitian inti …


Paso Del Norte Economic Indicator Review, July, Hunt Institute For Global Competitiveness Jul 2021

Paso Del Norte Economic Indicator Review, July, Hunt Institute For Global Competitiveness

Technical Reports

No abstract provided.


The Montana Expression 2021: Resident Employment, Relocation, And Outdoor Recreation During Covid-19, Megan Schultz, Carter Bermingham Jul 2021

The Montana Expression 2021: Resident Employment, Relocation, And Outdoor Recreation During Covid-19, Megan Schultz, Carter Bermingham

Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research Publications

This report is a summary of Montana residents and their self-reported use of public lands and waterways during 2020 compared to previous years. Data were collected from January 1st to March 31st of 2021. As a result of the pandemic, the number of people participating in outdoor recreation in certain parts of the country increased significantly – Montana being one of those places. Public lands and waterways, like state and federally managed parks, reported record visitation numbers for some months of 2020. In addition, anecdotal reports from public land managers and tourism partners also suggests that the level of use …