Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Macroeconomic Shocks And Credit Risk Stress Testing: Evidence From The Egyptian Banking Sector, Noha Elgaliy

Theses and Dissertations

Stress tests can satisfy a range of policy objectives and ensure banks are adequately resilient to common economic shocks or specific financial risks. Though the growing body of literature on stress testing, the existing studies have usually focused on developed countries who have relatively stable macroeconomic indicator when compared developing countries. Therefore, this thesis aims to present a macroeconomic credit risk model that explicitly links a set of selected macroeconomic factors including gross domestic product, inflation, lending interest rates and exchange rate to banking non-preforming loans using evidence from the Egyptian banking sector over the time period from 2011 to …

The Impacts Of Social Activism And Corporate Social Responsibility On Food Fraud, Anubrata Deka, Emie Yiannaka, Konstantinos Giannakas

Cornhusker Economics

A recent report finds that 86% of Americans expect for-profit companies to be active in addressing social and environmental issues (Porter Novelli/Cone 2019). In addition to benefiting society, engagement in prosocial behavior, known as corporate social responsibility (CSR), can improve a firm’s competitiveness and economic performance. Engagement in proactive CSR can enhance a firm’s relationship with the public by building its reputation of being a trustworthy, credible and responsible citizen. Studies have argued that the reputation firms develop through CSR activities can provide ‘insurance-like’ protection from future negative publicity and attacks on the firm (Godfrey et al. 2009; Gardberg and …

Two-Sided Platform Pricing And Competition Under Realistic Pricing Structure, Tongyao Jiang, Jie Chen, Zhixuan Xiang

Economics and Finance Student Research

This paper is motivated by the prevailing pricing structure and competition in Chinese food-delivery market. Currently, two oligarchs in China’s food-delivery market are Meituan-Dianping Takeout and ELEME Takeout, which accounting for more than 95% of the market share. Both of these platforms charge a percentage commission based on per-transaction price and involve per-agent fee. So far, few research has been found to make analysis under such realistic pricing structure, and we help to fill this gap by developing a model for platform competition based on the model developed by Armstrong. The results we get under the realistic pricing structure and …

Isolated States Of America: State Borders, Mobility, And Labor Markets, Riley Wilson

Employment Research Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Decision Making In International Supply Chain Investment, Noah Quint Curtin

Undergraduate Theses, Capstones, and Recitals

In this paper, supply chain decision-makers where and how to internationally invest into supply chains. I focus on outside institutional factors, and intra-firm behavioral factors that affect where and how they invest. I first review the literature on international investment at large. Later for my part of the research, I conduct a series of semi-structured interviews with international supply chain decision-maker primarily in Denver to better understand their processes. I find that they value business models higher than “hunches”, but also that tacit knowledge and relationships play an important role in their processes.

Wage Posting Or Wage Bargaining?: A Test Using Dual Jobholders, Marta Lachowska, Alexandre Mas, Raffaele Saggio, Stephen A. Woodbury

Employment Research Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Librarians Attending Non-Librarian Conferences: Benefits And Preparing To Attend, Amanda Nevius, Kathryn Houk, Erica Brody, Xan Goodman, Roy Brown, Christine Andresen

Library Faculty Research

This experience-based opinion piece, authored by a diverse team of librarians, will empower readers to attend non-librarian conferences by acknowledging the benefits and challenges of doing so, along with advice for overcoming these challenges and making the most of this professional development and advocacy opportunity. A review of the literature provides background and support for Part 1, which discusses the benefits of attending non-librarian conferences, organized into the categories of broadening horizons and advocacy. In Part 2 we give advice for preparation for attending and overcoming challenges. We present Part 2 organized into the following themes: 1) Acquiring time, money, …

Dissecting Public Expenditure : Part – Ii, Ishrat Husain Dr.

Faculty Research - Newspaper and Magazine Articles

Debt dynamics requires continued primary budget surpluses to be generated for gradually lowering the burden of interest payments and reducing public debt-GDP ratio. Revenue mobilisation of an additional 1.5 percent of GDP annually from those outside the tax net (divided evenly between the provinces and the federal government) insulating the lower-middle and poor classes appears a plausible means to achieve these surpluses. The pension bill is growing much faster than any other expenditure head and a switch has to be made from the present defined benefits to the defined contribution system. The results from tax and pension reform would appear …

How Reliable Are Administrative Reports Of Paid Work Hours?, Marta Lachowska, Alexandre Mas, Stephen A. Woodbury

Upjohn Institute Working Papers

This paper examines the quality of quarterly records on work hours collected from employers in the State of Washington to administer the unemployment insurance (UI) system, specifically to determine eligibility for UI. We subject the administrative records to four “trials,” all of which suggest the records reliably measure paid hours of work. First, distributions of hours in the administrative records and Current Population Survey outgoing rotation groups (CPS) both suggest that 52–54% of workers work approximately 40 hours per week. Second, in the administrative records, quarter-to-quarter changes in the log of earnings are highly correlated with quarter-to-quarter changes in the …

Forecast Of China’S Economic Growth Rate For 2022 And Policy Suggestions, Xikang Chen, Cuihong Yang, Kunfu Zhu, Huijuan Wang, Xinru Li, Qingyan Juang

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Faced with the complex domestic and international environment, the Chinese government took various measures to coordinate epidemic control with economic and social development, earning recovered growth of the economy in 2021. In 2022, China's economic development will be facing greater uncertainty. This study systematically analyzes and forecasts the development trend and regularity of China's medium and long-term economic growth rate. It is expected that the medium and long-term economic growth rate of China will show a downward trend in a wave shape. Based on input-output technology, econometrics, prosperity analysis, expert analysis, and scenario analysis, a systematic integrated factor prediction approach …

Digital Economy: Development And Future, Yong Shi

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The digital economy has become a significant force in reorganizing global factor resources, reshaping global economic structure and global competitive landscape. This article first starts with the basic issues of digital economy, outlines three key components of digital economy, which are big data, intelligent algorithms and computing platforms. Then it reviews the development of international digital economies and the current status of China's digital economy, and summarizes the advantages and challenges of developing a digital economy in China. Finally, based on the "14th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development and the Long-Range Objectives Through the Year 2035", according …

Agricultural Productivity And Deforestation: Evidence From Brazil, Dmitri Szerman, Juliano Assunção, Molly Lipscomb, Ahmed Mushfiq Mobarak

Discussion Papers

When agricultural productivity improves, farmers may react by expanding farming and further encroach on forest lands, or they may choose to intensify and produce more output with less land. We specify the conditions under which agricultural productivity can have such ambiguous effects on deforestation. We then examine the predictions of that model using county-level data from five waves of the Brazilian Census of Agriculture and satellite-based measures of land use. We identify productivity shocks using exogenous variation in rural electrification in Brazil during 1960-2000. We show that locations suitable for hydropower generation experienced improvements in crop yields, and that credit-constrained …

Weather Impacts The Agricultural Production Efficiency Of Wheat: The Importance Of Precipitation Shocks, Bowen Chen, Elliott James Dennis, Allen M. Featherstone

Cornhusker Economics

Weather affects the production environment that farmers face and, in some cases, can affect their ability to efficiently convert production inputs into outputs. Despite that the effect of weather shocks on agricultural production has been well documented (Donaldson, 1968; Ito and Kurosaki, 2009; Schlenker and Roberts, 2009; Tack, Barkley, and Nalley, 2015), few studies have accounted for the weather as a source of production inefficiency or lower agricultural productivity. In a recently published paper, we showed the effects that weather has on the production efficiency of winter wheat farms and discussed some of the implications that climate change could …

The Long-Term Problem With Electric Vehicle Batteries: A Policy Recommendation To Encourage Advancement For Scalable Recycling Practices, Lauren Fricke

Seattle Journal of Technology, Environmental, & Innovation Law

With the growing popularity of electric vehicles, the demand for lithium ion (Li-ion) batteries, which are the dominant energy source for electric vehicles, are skyrocketing. By default, this means a growing demand for the raw materials needed to manufacture these complex batteries such as lithium, cobalt, and nickel. Economic, environmental, and political supply chain factors bring into question the sustainability of these batteries as a solution to the issues surrounding gasoline powered transportation, creating a need for large scale Li-ion battery recycling. By 2030, 140 million EVs are predicted to be on the road worldwide. In that time, eleven million …

Economic Impact Of A Proposed Metals Manufacturing Plant, Eric Bowen

Bureau of Business & Economic Research

In this briefing paper, we estimate the potential economic impact of a new metals manufacturing plant in West Virginia. Data for this study were provided by the West Virginia Development Office. We consider the economic impact of the plant construction and operational spending in terms of output, employment, employee compensation, and select state and local tax revenue.

Effects Of Foliar Application Of Zno Nanoparticles On Lentil Production, Stress Level And Nutritional Seed Quality Under Field Conditions, Marek Kolenčík, Dávid Ernst, Matej Komár, Martin Urík, Martin Šebesta, Ľuba Ďurišová, Marek Bujdoš, Ivan Černý, Juraj Chlpík, Martin Juriga, Ramakanth Illa, Yu Qian, Huan Feng, Gabriela Kratošová, Karla Čech Barabaszová, Ladislav Ducsay, Elena Aydın

Department of Earth and Environmental Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

Nanotechnology offers new opportunities for the development of novel materials and strategies that improve technology and industry. This applies especially to agriculture, and our previous field studies have indicated that zinc oxide nanoparticles provide promising nano-fertilizer dispersion in sustainable agriculture. However, little is known about the precise ZnO-NP effects on legumes. Herein, 1 mg·L⁻¹ ZnO-NP spray was dispersed on lentil plants to establish the direct NP effects on lentil production, seed nutritional quality, and stress response under field conditions. Although ZnO-NP exposure positively affected yield, thousand-seed weight and the number of pods per plant, there was no statistically significant …

Wage Posting Or Wage Bargaining?: A Test Using Dual Jobholders, Marta Lachowska, Alexandre Mas, Raffaele Saggio, Stephen A. Woodbury

Upjohn Institute Policy and Research Briefs

No abstract provided.

Nature Of Health Insurance Demand In India, Brijesh C. Purohit Ph.D

Himalayan Research Papers Archive

In this study an attempt is made to explore elasticity of health insurance demand in India. It is important to note that both the Central and state governments have been trying to help people through their budgetary policies. Keeping in view their efforts and rural urban disparities in the country, we have tried to make an attempt to evaluate whether the people have been provided appropriate information about these governmental policies and how other socio economic factors are influencing the individual household choices to adopt a particular type of health insurance scheme.

This is based on latest National Family Health …

Unintended Consequences Of The Dodd–Frank Act On Credit Rating Risk And Corporate Finance, Bina Sharma, Binay K. Adhikari, Anup Agrawal, Bruno R. Arthur, Monika K. Rabarison

School of Economics and Finance Faculty Publications

Prior research finds that Dodd–Frank Act’s regulations on credit rating agencies (CRAs) increase rated firms’ risk of rating downgrades, regardless of their credit quality. Our difference-in-difference estimates suggest that after Dodd–Frank, low-rated firms, which face steep costs from a further downgrade, significantly reduce their debt issuance and investments compared to similar unrated firms. Our results are not driven by credit supply or the financial crisis. They reveal an unintended consequence of Dodd–Frank: Greater regulatory pressure on CRAs leads to negative spillover effects on firms concerned about credit ratings, regardless of their credit quality.

The Curse Of Central Bank Digital Cash, Fernando Ulrich, Leonidas Zelmanovitz

Journal of New Finance

This paper surveys the consequences of Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDC) on personal liberty and privacy. The Central Banks’ response to the advent of Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies has profound implications for financial intermediation, monetary and fiscal policies, financial repression, and surveillance. More than allowing for meddling with money, a CBDC may enable meddling with human free will, posing grave threats to the preservation of freedom.

Regulating Bitcoin - On What Grounds?, William J. Luther

Journal of New Finance

This paper assesses costs and benefits of regulating Bitcoin. A review of the main justifications for regulating it shows that scope for efficient regulation is limited. Private governance structures and fee-based services have already begun addressing many of the known problems. Furthermore, since a regulation would discourage use, the costs—in terms of technological gains forgone—are potentially high. Nonetheless, there is scope for regulation, to ensure one has recourse in the event of theft, as long as the following are addressed: 1) provide a clear regulatory framework; 2) supervise transactions to dissuade crime, without compromising the medium; 3) regulate exchanges, rather …

Encouragement And Distortionary Effects Of Conditional Cash Transfers, Gharad Bryan, Shyamal Chowdhury, Ahmed Mushfiq Mobarak, Melanie Morten, Joeri Smits

Discussion Papers

Conditional cash transfer (CCT) programs have become increasingly popular as a development strategy. These programs aim to reduce poverty or achieve other social goals by making the transfers conditional upon the receivers' actions. Conditions are designed to encourage some desirable behavior that recipients might otherwise under-invest in. An unintended consequence of the conditionality may be to distort recipients' actions in ways that lower their welfare. The transfer size plays an important role in shaping such distortionary effects. In certain circumstances, a larger transfer increases distortion more than that it raises benefits from stronger encouragement, implying that (i) there is an …

Relationships Between Reported Pandemic Impacts And Well-Being Of Rural Nebraskans, Rebecca J. Vogt

Cornhusker Economics

Since March of 2020, the coronavirus pandemic has impacted Nebraskans in many ways, including their physical health, mental health, work, and socialization. The 2021 Nebraska Rural Poll examined to what extent various elements of life were affected or disrupted by the pandemic as well as respondents’ general assessments of their well-being. Did rural Nebraskans’ assessments of the impacts the pandemic has had on their lives correlate with their assessment of their well-being?

Equity In Unemployment Insurance Benefit Access, Christopher J. O'Leary, William E. Spriggs, Stephen A. Wandner

Presentations

No abstract provided.

Size-Dependent Gender Gaps In Entrepreneurship: The Case Of Chile, David Cuberes, Marc Teig-Nier

Economics

This paper documents differences in firm size depending on whether their manager is a man or a woman and studies the aggregate implications of these gender gaps in Chile. We doc-ument that in 2007 less than a quarter of firms are managed by women and that this gap takes its largest value for managers with tertiary education or more. In terms of their number of workers, female-run firms are on average about three times smaller than those run by men. Moreover, the ratio of men to women managers is always above one, but it is much higher for large and …

Survey Of The Labor Market For New Ph.D. Hires In Economics 2022-23, Mervin Jebaraj, David Sorto, Raja Kali

Labor Market Survey

This year, the survey questionnaire was sent to 369 organizations. Questionnaires were returned by 144 organizations (39.0 percent). Of this year’s responses, 86 (59.7 percent) were from those who responded to the last survey conducted for the 2021-22 academic year. Among the academic institutions responding, the distribution of highest degrees offered was as follows: Ph.D.—56.3 percent; Master’s—8.3 percent and Bachelor’s—34.7 percent.

The responses are reported for all respondents, and separately for Ph.D. Degree granting institutions and for schools whose highest degree offered is the Bachelor’s or Master’s Degree. Data for the top 30 institutions in the revised National Research Council’s …

The Desert Southwest: Population Growth 2010-2020, Kelliann Beavers, Joshua Padilla, Katie M. Gilbertson, William E. Brown Jr.

Demography

In 2021 the United States Census Bureau identified the Desert Southwest as one of the fastest growing regions in the country. The Desert Southwest encompasses portions of five states (Arizona, California, Nevada, New Mexico, and Texas) including forty counties and ten metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs). Using data from the Census Bureau, this fact sheet showcases population growth within Desert Southwest counties and metropolitan statistical areas from 2010 to 2020.

Wage Posting Or Wage Bargaining? A Test Using Dual Jobholders, Marta Lachowska, Alexandre Mas, Raffaele Saggio, Stephen A. Woodbury

Upjohn Institute Working Papers

This paper examines the behavior of dual jobholders to test a simple model of wage bargaining and wage posting. We estimate the sensitivity of wages and separation rates to wage shocks in a worker’s secondary job to assess the degree of bargaining versus wage posting in the labor market. We interpret the evidence within a model where workers facing hours constraints in their primary job may take a second, flexible-hours job for additional income. When a secondary job offers a sufficiently high wage, a worker either bargains with the primary employer for a wage increase or separates. The model provides …

Geographic Determinants Of Colorectal Cancer In Louisiana, Denise Danos, Claudia Leonardi, Xiao Cheng Wu

School of Public Health Faculty Publications

Purpose: Currently, rural residents in the United States (US) experience a greater cancer burden for tobacco-related cancers and cancers that can be prevented by screening. We aim to characterize geographic determinants of colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence in Louisiana due to rural residence and other known geographic risk factors, area socioeconomic status (SES), and cultural region (Acadian or French-speaking). Methods: Primary colorectal cancer diagnosed among adults 30 years and older in 2008–2017 were obtained from the Louisiana Tumor Registry. Population and social and economic data were obtained from US Census American Community Survey. Rural areas were defined using US Department of …

On The Estimation Of Cross-Firm Productivity Spillovers With An Application To Fdi, Emir Malikov, Shunan Zhao

Molasky Family Department of Economics and Real Estate Faculty Research

We develop a novel methodology for the proxy variable identification of firm productivity in the presence of productivity-modifying learning and spillovers which facilitates a unified "internally consistent" analysis of the spillover effects between firms. Contrary to the popular two-step empirical approach, ours does not postulate contradictory assumptions about firm productivity across the estimation steps. Instead, we explicitly accommodate crosssectional dependence in productivity induced by spillovers which facilitates identification of both the productivity and spillover effects therein simultaneously. We apply our model to study cross-firm spillovers in China’s electric machinery manufacturing, with a particular focus on productivity effects of inbound FDI.