Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Essays On Parental Migration In China And Performance Of Two Asset Pricing Models, Yuqing Song

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

This dissertation comprises two research strands. The first strand investigates the migration choices of parents in rural China and their specific impact on children's educational outcomes. The second strand delves into the realm of financial econometrics, focusing solely on the performance of two asset pricing models on days scheduled for important macroeconomic news announcements.

The first essay places emphasis on the migration decisions of two-parent households with school-aged children. The findings affirm the hypothesis that household characteristics, rather than each parent’s personal traits, play an important role in determining parents’ migration choices.

The second essay examines the short-run effects of …

Excess Capacity In The Banking Sector And Its Effects On The Sub-Saharan Economy, Fu-Ad Wumpaeh Alhassan

Masters Theses

The banking sector plays a critical role in driving economic growth and financial stability in any region. However, the issue of excess capacity within this sector can have a profound effect on the overall health of the economy. This study investigates the excess capacity in the banking sector within the context of the Sub-Saharan region and explores its implications on the economic performance of countries within this area.

This research employed a mixed methods approach that combines both quantitative and qualitative analyses. Firstly, a review of existing literature on excess capacity in the banking sector and its impact on economies …

Three Essays On The Effects Of Parental Income And Labor Supply On Child Health And Labor Market Outcomes., Kassahun Mamo Geleta

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

This dissertation constitutes three separate essays on labor and health economics using the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) dataset. The first essay examines the long-run effect of childhood poverty on labor market outcomes using propensity score matching (PSM) and average causal mediation effect (ACME) methods. The results show that persistent childhood poverty significantly decreases average annual labor income and hours worked, whereas it increases the number of weeks unemployed per annum during adulthood. The study also shows that a significant portion of the total effect of childhood poverty on labor market outcomes passes indirectly through its negative effect on …

China’S "Greek Gift" To Africa: A Myth Or Reality, Chibuzo Uchechukwu Victor Obasi

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

Two differing perceptions have dominated explanations of the relationship between China and Africa. The first is often held in the West and sees China as an exploitative force that has latched onto Africa's quest for development partnerships to exploit the continent economically. The second considers the China-Africa partnership more positively and views China as a trustworthy ally. Advocates argue that China has no history of colonial ambitions in Africa. Instead, China intervened in Africa to fill the financing gap and tackle the development challenges in Africa with no political strings attached. Perception of which view is mainly correct depends on …

Would Ai Stocks Estimate Be As Surprised To Usda Stocks Reports As Private Market Analysts?, Asif Mahmud Chowdhury

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The USDA survey-based Quarterly Agriculture Stocks (QAS) reports are the primary source of information regarding the relative supply of U.S. corn, soybeans, and wheat for the last fifty years. Research has examined USDA stock reports and their relevancy to the market (e.g., Isengildina-Massa et al., 2021). In addition, private industry analysts estimate expected quarterly grain stock reports before USDA releases them. Market information firms such as Bloomberg and Reuters publish a subset of these estimates a few days before the USDA reports. Previous research has found that when industry analysts have significant differences in stock expectations compared to what the …

Dana Desa Dan Perkembangan Status Desa: Studi Kasus Kabupaten/Kota Di Indonesia, Yore Isti Tosan Aji, Riatu Mariatul Qibthiyyah

Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Indonesia

Village development and improving village status are among the main agendas of the Indonesian Government. Village fund maybe have an important role, however, empirical studies on village funds and village status are still limited. This study aims to prove impact of the village fund on the development of village status according to the Village Development Index in Indonesia. Using First Difference method between 2014 and 2018, we found that village funds had a partially significant impact on the development of village status. Although statistically significant, the regression coefficient shows a small economic impact.

Freedom And Heteronomy In The Anthropocene, Alexander M. Stoner, Harry F. Dahms

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Forward Guidance Effectiveness In A New Keynesian Model With Housing Frictions, Stephen J. Cole, Sungjun Huh

Economics Faculty Research and Publications

Housing markets are closely related to monetary policy. This paper studies the link between housing frictions and the effectiveness of forward guidance. A housing collateral constraint and forward guidance shocks are incorporated into a standard medium-scale New Keynesian Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium (DSGE) model. Our main results produce a number of important implications. First, financial frictions emanating from the housing market dampen the effectiveness of forward guidance on the economy. Second, forward guidance shocks generate welfare gains, though the magnitude of these gains declines when housing frictions increase. Housing frictions also attenuate the effect of forward guidance at the zero …

Young Adult Substance Use Following Involuntary Job Loss, Nicholas A. Jolly, Gwendolyn J. Davis

Economics Faculty Research and Publications

This paper uses data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics to study the relationship between job displacement and substance use among young adults. Results show that displacement is associated with increases in the probability of smoking cigarettes and drinking and the intensity of consuming alcohol and marijuana. Men, whites, and those who live with family/friends at the time of displacement are more likely to use hard drugs after job loss. Findings suggest that government policy designed to aid displaced workers should contain provisions to anticipate and respond to substance use disorders that may arise, particularly among younger job losers.

Firm-Level Political Risk And Corporate R&D Investment, Emmanuel Boah

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

I examine how firms make R&D investment decisions during periods of political uncertainty. To minimize stickiness and overly generalized assumptions, I employ quarterly data. I find that firms invest more in R&D when facing high levels of political risk. The results suggest that this positive relationship between political risk and R&D investment is more pronounced for competitive and politically sensitive firms. Additionally, the positive association is evident among firms with higher growth opportunities and more liquid assets. The results are robust to the test for correlation, addressing endogeneity, and alternative proxies adopted for the variables of interest. Overall, the findings …

Affective Interdependence And Welfare, Aviad Heifetz, Enrico Minelli, Heracles M. Polemarchakis

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

Purely affective interaction allows the welfare of an individual to depend only the individual’s own action and on the profile of welfare levels of others. Under an assumption on the structure of mutual affection that we interpret as non-reinforcing mutual affection, we show that equilibria of affective interaction are Pareto optimal. Moreover, if purely affective interaction induces a standard game, then an equilibrium profile of actions is a Nash equilibrium of the induced game, and this Nash equilibrium and Pareto optimal profile of strategies is locally dominant.

An Examination Of Transitioning Meso-Institutions And Markets In The Landscape Of American Politics, Devin Thomas Marconi

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

This paper bridges the gap in the literature between sociological accounts of market actors provided by Mark Granovetter and Douglas North, meso-institutional examinations of polarization provided by Paul Pierson and Eric Schickler, and the psychological exploration into cross-cutting identities provided by Liliana Mason. I argue that the nationalization and concentration of markets, identities, and politics have led to a transition within the meso-institution of the market from maintaining self-regulating punishment mechanisms to replacing them with self-reinforcing mechanisms, exacerbating affective polarization. Previous works explore the transition within the meso-institutions of the media, interest groups, and political parties. I include the market …

Carbon Leakage: Evidence From French Trade Data, Jared Gibbs

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Pollution leakage has existed as a concern of both trade theory and domestic policy since questions of the environmental impact of economic activity entered the literature. With the growing threat of climate change and the proliferation of carbon pricing policies around the world, the value of robust estimate of the extent of carbon leakage is particularly acute. Using a pseudo poisson maximum-likelihood (PPML) estimator, I examine French trade volumes to identify potential evidence of carbon leakage. To that end, the net carbon tax between France and its trading partners is regressed on the trade volume in 318 carbon intensive goods. …

Socio-Economic Comparative Analysis Of Front-Of-The-Meter And Behind-The-Meter Microgrids For Panamnik, Olivia C. Amann Mcshea

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

In Northern California, the Karuk Tribe is feeling the effects of climate change on inadequate energy infrastructures leading to unreliable power supply. Improving energy reliability in a way that also increases energy sovereignty is necessary. Renewable energy microgrids have emerged as a pathway forward.

Modeling ownership structures and cash flows for different microgrid configurations can support the Tribe’s implementation of a microgrid in Orleans, CA that maximizes community benefits. This thesis considers a front-of-the-meter (FTM) and behind-the-meter (BTM) configuration, both approximately 2 MW solar PV and 3 MW/12 MWh battery energy storage. Cash flows including capital costs, operations and maintenance …

Logistics Leader Strategies For Retaining Employees, Sandra Northern

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Low employee retention can lead to a lack of the knowledge, skills, and abilities required for sustainable logistics operations. Logistics leaders are concerned with employee retention because turnover increases business costs, reduces operational efficiency, and decreases profitability. Grounded in Herzberg’s two-factor theory, the purpose of this qualitative single case study was to explore strategies logistics leaders use to increase employee retention. The participants were three senior leaders from a logistics organization in the northeast region of the United States who possessed knowledge and experience of the research phenomena. Data were collected through semistructured interviews, company documents, publicly available data, and …

Gender-Based Pay Inequality In The Canadian Insurance Companies, Mostafa Shayangogani

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractThe problem in this study was gender-based pay inequality among women at Canadian insurance companies. The purpose of this hermeneutic phenomenological study was to understand gender-based pay inequality for women at Canadian insurance companies. Aigner's, Cain's, Arrow's, and Phelps' statistical discrimination theory guided the study. The theoretical foundation also included the human capital theory by Becker and Schultz. The research questions focused on understanding C-suite and V-level executives’ lived experiences of gender-based pay inequality and identifying effective strategies that should be adopted to overcome the problem at Canadian insurance companies. This study used purposeful sampling to recruit 15 C-suite and …

A Taxonomy Of Non-Dictatorial Unidimensional Domains, Shurojit Chatterji, Huaxia Zeng

Research Collection School Of Economics

Non-dictatorial preference domains allow the design of unanimous social choice functions (henceforth, rules) that are non-dictatorial and strategy-proof. On a class of preference domains called unidimensional domains, we show that the unique seconds property characterizes all non-dictatorial domains. Subsequently, we provide an exhaustive classification of all non-dictatorial, unidimensional domains, based on a simple property of two-voter rules called invariance. The domains constituting the classification are semi-single-peaked domains and semi-hybrid domains (introduced here) which are two appropriate weakenings of single-peaked domains and shown to allow strategy-proof rules to depend on non-peak information of voters' preferences; the canonical strategy-proof rules for these …

Volatility Puzzle: Long Memory Or Antipersistency, Shuping Shi, Jun Yu

Research Collection School Of Economics

The log realized volatility (RV) is often modeled as an autoregressive fractionally integrated moving average model ARFIMA(1, d, 0). Two conflicting empirical results have been found in the literature. One stream shows that log RV has a long memory (i.e., the fractional parameter d > 0). The other stream suggests that the autoregressive coefficient α is near unity with antipersistent errors (i.e., d

Better Solutions To Increasing Covid-19 Vaccine Access: Giving Away Vaccines Rather Than Vaccine Formulas, Tristen Prouse

Honors Program Theses

The debate over giving away the COVID-19 vaccine formulas is a political hot topic. Mention of a Trade-Related Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) waiver proposed in early 2021 suggested violating patent law to give away the vaccine formulas. While a tempting option, many problems exist with this solution. Violating patent law to give away the vaccine formulas disincentivizes innovation, undermines confidence in vaccine safety, and harms America’s geopolitical objectives. Patent law can be inefficient and is not the only way to incentivize innovation, but it is here to stay. Instead, the United States should give away vaccines rather than vaccine formulas …

Unraveling The Hispanic Health Paradox, Jose Fernandez, Monica Garcia-Perez, Sandra Orozco-Aleman

Faculty and Staff Scholarship

In 2019, Hispanics in the US had a life expectancy advantage of 3.0 years and 7.1 years over non-Hispanic Whites and non-Hispanic Blacks, respectively, despite having real-household income values 26 percentage points lower than Non-Hispanic White households. Hispanics appear to have equal or even better health outcomes relative to non-Hispanic Whites across various health measures. This is known as the Hispanic health paradox. This paper underscores the importance of disaggregating Hispanics by ancestry and age profile when discussing the paradox across key health outcomes. It also provides an overview of the leading explanations, such as the salmon bias and the …

The Effects Of Venture Capital Network Centrality On Earnings Management And Profitability Of Portfolio Company: Evidence From The U.S. Market, Yosavee Niranvichaiya, Sorasart Sukcharoensin

DLSU Business & Economics Review

Based on a sample of 788 U.S. venture capital-backed IPO companies from 2006 to 2015, this research evaluates the impact of network centrality, venture capital (VC), and earnings management on the future profitability of VC-backed portfolio companies. The results suggest that companies backed by VCs with higher network centrality or that are “more centralized” are likely to have better future profitability after an IPO, even with the use of accrual-based earnings management.

Assessing The Impact Of The Yellowstone Tv Series On Montana's Tourism Economy, Patrick Barkey, Melissa Weddell

Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research Publications

The hugely successful and popular dramatic television show Yellowstone, which portrays the fictional Dutton family ranch in Montana, has sparked the interest of a worldwide audience in our state. In addition to its critical and commercial success, the show has emerged as a significant factor in the marketing of Montana, with its more than 10 million viewers treated to storylines, characters and scenery of the mountain west. How has the show’s success affected the arrival and subsequent spending of visitors to the state? A new study jointly produced by the Bureau of Business and Economic Research (BBER) and the Institute …

The Impact Of Involuntary Job Loss On Unemployment Rate During Asian Financial Crisis And Subprime Crisis In Thailand, Benya Kongthanasomboon

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Each year, thousands of workers lose their jobs for reasons beyond their control, such as reorganization, technological displacement, and economic crisis, among others. Unexpected job loss is a disruptive occurrence that alters workers' career trajectory and has a negative impact on society and the economy which in Thailand can be observed during economic downturns including the Asian Financial Crisis (1997) and the Subprime Crisis (2008). This study aims to gain a comprehensive understanding of the impact of the Asian Financial Crisis and the Subprime Crisis on the unemployment rate in Thailand before, during, and after the crises. The data from …

Impact Of Us-China Trade War On Thailand's Electronic Exports, Chanakarn Permthongchoochai

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

This paper aims to examine how US-China trade war impacts on Thailand's electronics industry which is important to Thai economy in term of export. The study uses input-output table to show the connection of Thailand's electronics sector with other industry through its participation in global value chain. Moreover, the study uses a Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model by using the reclassified General Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) database to simulate the results from the set-up scenarios. The results from the simulations show that, overall, Thai economy benefits from US-China trade war in term of both GDP and welfare of the country …

Wage Premiums For Master's Degrees In Thai Private Firms, Shiyu Xiang

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

This study aims to examine the wage premiums experienced by individuals with a master's degree employed in private firms in Thailand in comparison to those with a bachelor's degree. This study utilizes labor force survey microdata from the National Statistical Office of Thailand covering 2008 to 2018. The augmented Mincer wage regression method is used in the analysis. The study's findings indicate that individuals with a master's degree in private firms experienced an average earnings advantage of 55% compared to those with a bachelor's degree between 2008 and 2018. Within the scope of master's degrees, the wage differences between men …

The Dynamics Of Thai Household Poverty And Its Implications, Nattabhorn Leamcharaskul

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

This study aims to examine poverty in Thailand by identifying determining factors of poverty incidence and dynamics from both monetary and non-monetary perspectives. It also explores the voices of the poor and analyzes the role of social capital in poverty reduction. Quantitative analysis utilizes the SES panel dataset from 2007, 2012, and 2017, comprising 3,567 households, while quantitative analysis involves in-depth interviews conducted with 90 households in Mae Hong Son, Buri Ram, and Pattani, using the life-history approach. The findings show positive impact of remittances and increasing average years of schooling on poverty status. The vulnerability of households relying solely …

Huai-River Policy And Regional Economic Development: Status And Prospect, Yannan Gao

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

This study explores the impact of the Huai River policy on human and economic activities. First, we study the impact of central heating policy on air quality. Second, the impact of the Huai River policy on human migration and FDI is explored. Third, we further explore the impact of the Huai River policy on economic development. This study has both theoretical and empirical parts. It initially explores the role of variables by establishing a theoretical framework. Then, it applies statistical methods to verify the model and propose new explanations for the phenomenon. We use the county-level data near the heating …

The Effect Of Institutional Factors On Inward Fdi In Asian Developing Countries, Thinn Nay Chi Sun

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

This study aims to examine the effect of institutional factors on inward foreign direct investment (FDI), using data from 23 Asian developing countries in the middle-income group from 1996 to 2021. The findings show that institutional factors such as control of corruption, government effectiveness, political stability, regulatory quality, and the rule of law, as well as macroeconomic factors such as Gross Domestic Product (GDP), trade openness, inflation, and exchange rate, are important determinants of FDI inflows into these countries. Although the results are mixed overall, upper-middle-income countries with higher quality in each institutional aspect can attract more FDI, whereas lower-middle-income …

เศรษฐศาสตร์การเมืองของการกำหนดนโยบายดึงส่วนเกินและอุดหนุนในภาคเกษตรกรรม : กรณีศึกษาญี่ปุ่น เกาหลีใต้ และไทย, กัลป์ กรุยรุ่งโรจน์

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

งานศึกษาชิ้นนี้ต้องการตอบคำถามว่าเพราะเหตุใดภาครัฐจึงดำเนินนโยบายที่มีผลทำให้เกิดการถ่ายโอนทรัพยากรระหว่างภาคเกษตรและนอกภาคเกษตร เนื่องจากนโยบายการถ่ายโอนทรัพยากรระหว่างภาคการผลิตส่งผลต่อความเหลื่อมล้ำระหว่างคนเมืองและคนชนบท โดยศึกษาจากประสบการณ์ในประเทศพัฒนาทีหลังในภูมิภาคเอเชียที่ปลูกข้าวเป็นพืชหลักอย่างประเทศญี่ปุ่น เกาหลีใต้ และไทย เมื่อใช้กรอบการวิเคราะห์กระบวนการกำหนดนโยบายเศรษฐกิจของรังสรรค์ ธนะพรพันธ์ ที่ให้ความสำคัญกับปัจจัยทางการเมืองและทุนนิยมโลกในการกำหนดนโยบาย เพื่อหาสาเหตุที่ทำให้ภาครัฐผลักดันนโยบายที่แตกต่างกันในแต่ละช่วงเวลา จะพบว่าในช่วงเวลาที่ทั้ง 3 ประเทศมี “ระบบการเมืองแบบอำนาจนิยม” และ “ให้ความสำคัญกับการพัฒนาเศรษฐกิจ” ภาครัฐจะผลักดันนโยบายดึงส่วนเกินออกจากภาคเกษตรเพื่อนำไปส่งเสริมการเจริญเติบโตในภาคเมือง โดยที่ชาวนาผู้เสียผลประโยชน์จากนโยบายไม่มีอำนาจในการคัดค้าน แต่เมื่อเวลาผ่านไปสถานการณ์ของทั้ง 3 ประเทศเปลี่ยน “ระบบการเมืองกลายเป็นแบบกระจายอำนาจมากขึ้น” และ “สูญเสียความสามารถในการแข่งขันด้านอาหาร” ภาครัฐจะเปลี่ยนไปผลักดันนโยบายอุดหนุนในภาคเกษตรเพื่อส่งเสริมความมั่นคงด้านอาหารและซื้อใจชาวนาให้มาสนับสนุนอำนาจของตน อย่างไรก็ตาม ในช่วงที่ประเทศต่าง ๆ หันมาดำเนินนโยบายอุดหนุนในภาคเกษตร ประเทศไทยกลับมีระดับการอุดหนุนที่ต่ำกว่าประเทศญี่ปุ่นและประเทศเกาหลีใต้ เนื่องมาจาก “ชาวนาไทยมีอำนาจต่อรองต่ำ” ไม่มีอำนาจกำหนดชัยชนะในการเลือกตั้งแบบญี่ปุ่นหรือเกาหลีใต้ ภาครัฐจึงไม่มีแรงจูงใจในการการอุดหนุนในระดับสูงเพื่อดึงให้ชาวนามาเป็นพันธมิตรทางการเมือง นอกจากนี้ “ประเทศไทยไม่ได้เผชิญปัญหาความมั่นคงทางอาหารรุนแรง” ยังมีผลผลิตพอเพียงหล่อเลี้ยงคนทั้งประเทศ ภาครัฐของไทยจึงไม่มีความจำเป็นที่จะดำเนินนโยบายอุดหนุนในภาคเกษตรในระดับสูงเพื่อผลักดันให้ชาวนาผลิตมากขึ้นให้เพียงพอต่อความต้องการเหมือนในประเทศญี่ปุ่นและเกาหลีใต้

การศึกษาเศรษฐศาสตร์เชิงทดลองว่าด้วยการวางกรอบในเรื่อง 'กลุ่มในและกลุ่มนอก' ในประชากรรุ่นแซดของประเทศไทย, ฐิติพงศ์ อรัญเวศ

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

พฤติกรรมเอนเอียงกลุ่มใน คือ แนวโน้มของปัจเจกบุคคลในการเลือกปฏิสัมพันธ์กับผู้ที่มีตัวตนหรือสถานะบางอย่างเหมือนกันกับตนเอง หรือ “กลุ่มใน” มากกว่าผู้ที่มีตัวตนหรือสถานะบางอย่างต่างกับตนเอง หรือ “กลุ่มนอก” ปรากฏการณ์ดังกล่าวเป็นหนึ่งในสาเหตุให้เกิดการเลือกปฏิบัติและพฤติการณ์ทุจริตเชิงระบบอุปถัมภ์ขึ้น และในประเทศไทยปัจจุบันยังพบว่ามีการใช้เส้นสายและระบบอุปถัมภ์เกิดขึ้น โดยมีสาเหตุมาจากการใช้ช่องทางความสัมพันธ์ที่มีลักษณะเป็น “กลุ่มในและกลุ่มนอก” เช่น การใช้ความสัมพันธ์เชิงเครือญาติ สถานะทางสังคมต่างๆ เช่น สถาบันการศึกษา รวมทั้งทัศนคติหรืออุดมคติต่อบางอย่างที่มีร่วมกัน งานศึกษานี้จึงถูกจัดทำขึ้นเพื่อสำรวจคุณลักษณะ และรูปแบบความสัมพันธ์ที่เด่นที่สุด โดยการใช้วิธีการเศรษฐศาสตร์ทดลองในรูปแบบเกมเผด็จการ ผลการศึกษาสรุปออกมาได้ว่าอาสาสมัครมอบเงินจำลองให้ตัวเลือกที่เป็นเครือญาติมากที่สุด ซึ่งมีความเป็นไปได้สูงว่ามีอิทธิพลทางสังคมเกี่ยวกับการตอบแทนบุญคุณ นอกเหนือจากนี้ ผลทางสถิติให้ผลว่าผู้ที่มีความถี่ในการมีพฤติกรรมเอนเอียงกลุ่มในที่สุดคือเพศหญิง โดยเฉพาะผู้ที่มีภูมิลำเนาอยู่นอกกรุงเทพมหานครฯ และปริมณฑล