Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

โครงสร้างตลาดและพฤติกรรมการแข่งขันของอุตสาหกรรมการเพาะปลูกกัญชาในประเทศไทย, ศิริยาภรณ์ กันหาชน

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

การเปลี่ยนแปลงข้อกฎหมายและนโยบายที่เกี่ยวข้องกับกัญชาเพื่อนำกัญชามาใช้ในเชิงการแพทย์และอุตสาหกรรม เกิดขึ้นตั้งแต่ปี พ.ศ. 2562 ประเด็นดังกล่าวส่งผลต่อเปลี่ยนแปลงของอุตสาหกรรมการเพาะปลูกกัญชาในประเทศไทย โดยการศึกษานี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อวิเคราะห์โครงสร้างตลาดและพฤติกรรมการแข่งขันของอุตสาหกรรมการเพาะปลูกกัญชาในประเทศไทยตั้งแต่ปี พ.ศ. 2562 ถึง พ.ศ. 2564 โดยใช้แนวคิด S-C-P Approach และ Porter’s Five Forces Model และศึกษารูปแบบการกระจายตัวของอุตสาหกรรมในเชิงพื้นที่ โดยใช้การวิเคราะห์ค่าสหสัมพันธ์เชิงพื้นที่ (Spatial Analysis) ซึ่งผู้วิจัยใช้ระเบียบวิธีวิจัยแบบผสม (Mixed Methods) โดยมีการวิเคราะห์ข้อมูลการจดทะเบียนในอุตสาหกรรม ธุรกรรมการซื้อขายกัญชาจำนวน 4,414 ธุรกรรม และการสัมภาษณ์เชิงลึกผู้ประกอบการจำนวน 9 ราย ภายใต้การวิเคราะห์โครงสร้างตลาดและพฤติกรรมการแข่งขัน ผู้วิจัยมีการใช้ดัชนี Herfindahl-Hirschman (HHI) เพื่อวิเคราะห์การแข่งขันในอุตสาหกรรม และวิเคราะห์การกระจายตัวเชิงพื้นที่โดยใช้สถิติ Moran’s I และ Getis-Ord Gi ผลการศึกษาแสดงให้ถึงจำนวนผู้ประกอบการเพาะปลูกกัญชาเพิ่มขึ้นทุกปี โดยเฉพาะอย่างยิ่งในปี พ.ศ. 2564 โดยวิสาหกิจชุมชนเพิ่มขึ้น 291 แห่งนับตั้งแต่ปี พ.ศ. 2562 การเพาะปลูกกัญชามีการขยายตัวในทุกภูมิภาค ซึ่งบ่งชี้ถึงการแข่งขันในตลาดที่เพิ่มสูงขึ้น โดยค่า HHI ตลอด 3 ปีมีค่าเฉลี่ยเท่ากับ 3,259.23 นอกจากนี้ผลการวิจัยชี้ให้เห็นถึงพฤติกรรมของตลาดที่มีการแข่งขันสูงขึ้น โดยมีโครงสร้างตลาดเปลี่ยนแปลงจากตลาดผูกขาดในปี พ.ศ. 2562 เป็นตลาดกึ่งแข่งขันกึ่งผูกขาด ในปี พ.ศ. 2563 นอกจากนี้ยังเกิดการเกาะกลุ่ม (Cluster) ของผู้ประกอบการรายย่อยในภายภาคตะวันออกเฉียงเหนือ

Factors Influencing The Foreign Direct Investment Inflow In The Service Sector In China, Ying Hong

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Due to the advancement of informatization and adjustments in industrial structure, the service sector has emerged as a crucial foundation for numerous developed nations. However, in comparison to industrialized nations, the service sector in China does not contribute much to the country’s GDP. China, as a developing nation, still requires foreign capital inflows to assist in reducing the disparity and fostering the growth of its service sector. Hence, pinpointing the crucial variables, particularly digitalization, that impact the entrance of FDI will expedite the enhancement of the sector’s development level as well as economic growth and transformation. This study applies the …

ปัจจัยที่มีอิทธิพลต่อความคาดหวังทางด้านระดับการศึกษาของเด็ก, นิภาภรณ์ ไทยสงเคราะห์

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

การลงทุนทางด้านการศึกษามีความสำคัญและจำเป็นสำหรับทุนมนุษย์ ในปัจจุบันประเทศไทยกำลังประสบปัญหาด้านความเหลื่อมล้ำทางการศึกษา ทำให้เด็กไทยไม่ได้รับโอกาสทางการศึกษาตามที่ควรจะเป็น การวิจัยนี้จึงต้องการศึกษาปัจจัยที่มีอิทธิพลต่อความคาดหวังทางด้านระดับการศึกษาที่คาดหวังในอนาคตของเด็กไทยหลังจบการศึกษาภาคบังคับในช่วงอายุ 15 ปี โดยศึกษาปัจจัยทางด้านภูมิหลังของตนเองและครอบครัว ปัจจัยทางต้านต้นทุนทางสังคมของครอบครัวและโรงเรียน และปัจจัยทางด้านอาชีพที่เด็กคาดหวังในอนาคต ผู้วิจัยใช้ข้อมูลทุติยภูมิจากโปรแกรมการประเมินสมรรถนะนักเรียนมาตรฐานสากล ในปีพ.ศ. 2558 และ 2561 โดยมีกลุ่มตัวอย่างที่เข้าร่วมการทดสอบปีพ.ศ. 2558 จำนวน 8,249 คน จาก 273 โรงเรียน และปีพ.ศ. 2561จำนวน 8,633 คน จาก 290 โรงเรียนในทุกสังกัดการศึกษา รวมกลุ่มตัวอย่างทั้งสิ้นจำนวน 16,882 คน ผู้วิจัยใช้แบบจำลองการไบวาริเอทโพรบิท (Bivariate probit model ) ในการวิเคราะห์ความคาดหวังทางด้านระดับการศึกษาของเด็ก ผลการศึกษาพบว่าปัจจัยทางด้านภูมิหลังของตนเองและครอบครัวมีความสัมพันธ์กับความคาดหวังต่อระดับการศึกษาของเด็กในอนาคตอย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติ นอกจากนั้นปัจจัยทางด้านของโรงเรียนและอาชีพที่เด็กคาดหวังในอนาคตก็มีอิทธิพลต่อความคาดหวังทางด้านระดับการศึกษาของเด็กอย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติเช่นเดียวกัน

Organizational Structure And Pricing: Evidence From A Large U.S. Airline, Ali Hortaçsu, Olivia R. Natan, Hayden Parsley, Timothy Schwieg, Kevin R. Williams

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

Firms facing complex objectives often decompose the problems they face, delegating different parts of the decision to distinct subordinates. Using comprehensive data and internal models from a large U.S. airline, we establish that airline pricing is inconsistent with canonical dynamic pricing models. However, we show that observed prices can be rationalized as an equilibrium of a game played by departments who each have decision rights for different inputs that are supplied to the observed pricing heuristic. Incorrectly assuming that the firm solves a standard profit maximization problem as a single entity understates overall welfare actually achieved but affects business and …

Local Or Import? A Compositional Analysis Of Aztec Ritual Ceramics In The Tuxtlas Frontier, Veracruz, Mexico, Matthew T. Meyer

Murray State Theses and Dissertations

At the time of Spanish Contact in the early 16th Century the western Tuxtlas region formed part of the Aztec imperial frontier in the southern Gulf lowlands. The most apparent material manifestation of this imperial connection was Aztec-style Texcoco-Molded Censers, recovered primarily from sites that served local centralizing functions. While rare, these symbols may provide valuable information on the dynamics of frontier politics and the relations between this region and the distant core to which they were sending tax payments. Initial consideration of this adopted imperial style implies political linkages, but the mechanisms of introduction, knowledge transmission, imperial versus local …

Adaptive Learning Gain In Asset Pricing, Sedealy Juste Lokossou

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This paper delves into the complexities of asset pricing, emphasizing the need to go beyond prevailing paradigms and constant learning gain assumptions. We examine the influence of personal experiences, adaptive learning processes, and subjective return expectations on asset pricing. By incorporating the concept of time-varying learning gain, we provide a more realistic portrayal of asset pricing. Empirical analysis reveals a consistent negative correlation between experienced real payout growth and subsequent returns, indicating counter-cyclical behavior. Our findings also support the mean-reversion hypothesis in stock returns, although caution is needed due to some scenarios lacking statistical significance. Theoretical exploration uncovers that higher …

Heilbroner Note, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Handwritten cover note on Heilbroner letter scanning instructions. Shaikh, A. 2023. [Unpublished manuscript]. Department of Economics, The New School for Social Research.
• Amherst copy and designworks receipt jacket with handwritten notes. Shaikh, A. 2023. [Unpublished manuscript]. Department of Economics, The New School for Social Research.
• Personal correspondence to Anwar Shaikh. Heilbroner, R. L. 1987. [Unpublished manuscript]. New York.
• Enhanced scan copy of personal correspondence to Anwar Shaikh. Heilbroner, R. L. 1987. [Unpublished manuscript]. New York.

Loose Pamphlets, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• The global financial system after the meltdown. Friedrich Ebert Stiftung, & Ralph Bunche Institute for International Studies. 2009. New York. [Unpublished conference materials].
• Stability with growth: macroeconomics, liberalization and development. Ocampo, J. A., Stiglitz, J. E., Spiegel, S., Ffrench-Davis, R., & Nayyar, D. 2006. Oxford University Press.
• The predator state: how conservatives abandoned the free market and why liberals should too. Galbraith, J. K. 2008. Free Press.
• Balancing acts: technology, finance and the American future. Galbraith, J. K. 1989. Basic Books.
• Created unequal: the crisis in American pay. Galbraith, J. K. 1998. …

Two Essays On Industrial Hemp Firms In The United States, Abraham Olakunle Ajibade

Theses and Dissertations--Agricultural Economics

After a long absence from American fields, industrial hemp was reintroduced to growing fields starting with state pilot programs in 2014 and received the green light for commercial cultivation in the US through the 2018 Farm Bill. Being an industry in its resurgence, investment is crucial for growth and the stock market and over-the-counter markets help US hemp firms get these much-needed funds for growth and expansion. This thesis consists of two essays on US hemp firms.

The first essay uses descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and the Kruskal-Wallis Test to investigate how US hemp stocks compare to mid-cap and large-cap …

Hiring Discrimination In Denmark, Sweden, And Iceland: A Comparative Study Of Ukrainian And Afghan Job Applicants, Annika Brown

Economics Honors Papers

This paper investigates the labor market discrimination faced by job applicants from Afghanistan and Ukraine, using a correspondence test. Specifically, we examine the impact of nationality, gender, skill, and industry on positive responses from potential employers in Denmark, Iceland, and Sweden using a linear probability model. We used popular names in Afghanistan and Ukraine to create resumes that implied particular nationalities and included previous job experience in Kabul and Kyiv. Although the sample size of positive responses in Sweden and Iceland was too small to draw conclusions, employers in Denmark responded to 28 percent of the applications. For a Ukrainian, …

Logistics Leader Strategies For Retaining Employees, Sandra Northern

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Low employee retention can lead to a lack of the knowledge, skills, and abilities required for sustainable logistics operations. Logistics leaders are concerned with employee retention because turnover increases business costs, reduces operational efficiency, and decreases profitability. Grounded in Herzberg’s two-factor theory, the purpose of this qualitative single case study was to explore strategies logistics leaders use to increase employee retention. The participants were three senior leaders from a logistics organization in the northeast region of the United States who possessed knowledge and experience of the research phenomena. Data were collected through semistructured interviews, company documents, publicly available data, and …

Part 2: A Recovery In Progress: Virginia's Go Virginia Regions, Dragas Center For Economic Analysis And Policy, Old Dominion University

State of the Commonwealth Reports

For some areas of Virginia, the recovery from the economic shock associated with the COVID-19 pandemic has been robust, with evidence emerging of a new expansion in economic activity in 2023. For other areas of the Commonwealth, the recovery would be best characterized as anemic. As we conclude 2023 and look forward to 2024, the economic fate of the Commonwealth looks increasingly bifurcated, with economic activity and population concentrated in a handful of regions. Now, with evidence of a “soft landing” from the turbulence of 2022 increasingly evident, the open question remains: can we spur economic growth across the state?

Leadership And Performance In Informal Institutions: The Internal Dynamics Of Brics, Zhen 'Arc' Han, Mihaela Papa

Political Science & Global Affairs Faculty Publications

How does leadership affect the performance of informal institutions? Leadership in BRICS is particularly puzzling: this informal institution rapidly grows despite the disparate interests of its members, some of which are in longstanding conflict. This article examines how three forms of leadership – intellectual, entrepreneurial, and structural – affect institutional performance using BRICS cooperation data. It demonstrates the importance of intellectual leadership, particularly in strategically framing the cooperation problem in a way that creates mutual gains, as essential for realising collective outcomes in informal institutions. Collective action is catalyzed through the interplay of the three leadership forms. However, the activating …

Who Votes And Why: Economic And Psychological Predictors Of Political Participation, Rhea Malhotra

Scripps Senior Theses

At the centre of democracy lies the right to vote. The United States of America is considered to be an emblem of democracy, so voting is naturally a topic of discourse in colloquial spheres especially given the long fight for equal voting access. In general, voting is a way for citizens to advocate their needs, interact with contemporary society, and prove their affiliation with their country. That being said, the individual reasons to vote differ from citizen to citizen, but patterns may still exist which is why it is important to explore which variables can predict voting outcomes. By doing …

Conspicuous Wellness: How Acquired Identities Affect Conspicuous Consumption, Katherine S. Eu

Scripps Senior Theses

This research provides evidence that individuals will conspicuously consume based on their acquired identities, which parallels similar conclusions drawn for conspicuous consumption based on ascribed identities. Using data from 653 respondents, I found positive marginal effects of the “that girl” wellness identity on product choices, accounting for an individual’s potential higher willingness-to-pay, demographics, and speed of making product choices. I conclude that the more an individual associates themselves with an identity, the higher the likelihood of choosing products which align and signal membership in an identity subculture.

A Multilevel Jurisdictional Analysis Of The Impact Of Walmart On Host Communities, Matt Young

Theses and Dissertations--Public Policy and Administration

This research takes a holistic approach to answer the empirical question about what impacts Walmart has on host jurisdictions. This consists of a thorough review of the extant literature; a formalization of Walmart’s potential impact into a theoretical framework; a consideration of endogeneity within Walmart’s operations from multiple angles; a nationwide analysis of impacts on labor and retail markets at both the county and municipal level; a nationwide analysis of the impacts on housing prices and property tax revenue post Walmart; a multistate analysis of host jurisdictions’ reactions to these changes through the lens of local sales taxes; finally, a …

Three Essays On Consumption Taxation In Indonesia, Partomuan Transparenter Juniult

Theses and Dissertations--Public Policy and Administration

Consumption taxes play a major role in revenue generation for many developing countries. They are also used to encourage or discourage certain consumption behaviors. However, the administrative aspects of implementing these taxes can create challenges for the tax authorities, and lead to distortions in taxpayer behavior. To overcome these challenges, efforts have been made to simplify policies and utilize technology to improve administration and compliance. My dissertation aims to provide empirical evidence on the effects of three consumption or commodity tax policy reforms in Indonesia. The dissertation consists of three essays as follows.

In my first essay, titled “The effect …

Labor Market And Inequality, Daisuke Nakamura

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

This dissertation primarily centers its attention on the issue of income inequalitieswithin the labor market of Japan. The overarching theme of the three chapters revolves around the disparity in income among households. Each chapter initiates its analysis from a macroeconomic structural perspective. The first chapter scrutinizes whether part-time employment functions as a mechanism for adjusting labor supply during business cycles. The second chapter delves into the retirement decisions undertaken by elderly workers, while considering factors such as the social security system, taxation, and the transition from full-time to part-time employment. Lastly, the third chapter presents empirical studies that utilize regression …

Health And Health Care Access In Rural Hospital Markets In The Us, Xue Wu

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The first chapter examines whether losing access to hospital-based emergency department services play a role in heightening mortality in rural areas using Vital Statistics death certificate records from 2005-2018. Our analysis reaches several results. First, rural populations residing in counties experiencing complete loss of emergency department services suffer an increase in mortality from drug overdoses for two years. The effect is mainly driven by males aged between 15-44 living in the Rust Belt. Such effect is stronger among Black and Hispanic individuals than white individuals. Second, in the Mountain Census Division, which is a geographically dispersed region, rural populations residing …

Accounting For Student Performance In Online Higher Education, Mengdi Hao

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

This paper uses a novel data on both students’ and teachers’ online participation with students’ administrative academic records and characteristics. The first chapter provides evidence that pre-pandemic lower-achieving students benefitted of the extra time they got during the Spring 2020 lockdown by doing more homework and completing the work assignments that counted towards the final grade, improving their academic performance relative to their pre-pandemic performance (relative to the change observed among higher-achieving students). Using difference-in-differences models and event-study analyses, both with individual fixed effects, we find that lower-achieving students’ Spring 2020 GPA improvement relative to their pre-pandemic academic performance (relative …

Three Essays On Sovereign Default, Jinwook Nam

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The first chapter examines the cyclicality of debt in standard quantitative sovereign default model, the strategic default model. The standard strategic default model has been a canonical model to explain high consumption volatility in emerging markets with default risks, such as Argentina in 2001. These emerging markets with high default risks can be characterized by exhibiting procyclical debt behavior and high level of mean and volatility of interest rate spreads. However, the notion of only emerging markets default has changed, since the Southern European debt crisis starting in 2010. Greece defaulted and other countries such as Italy, Spain, Portugal, and …

Semiparametric Distributional And Quantile Models Applications In Health, Labor And Banking, Li Lu

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The first chapter study the medical expenditure on prescription drug utilization on racial/ethnic disparities using a partially linear quantile treatment effects (QTE) model. We consider the quantile treatment effect inequity from race conditional on other covariates. We find that people tend to spend more depending on prescription drug use as growing old, especially those with insurance coverage. In addition, females spend more than males generally, and the male minority groups have higher treatment effect values, compared to that White female usually spends a lot on medical expenditure. From a racial disparity perspective, we observe that the male Hispanic group QTE …

Informal Migration Resilience And Response To External Shocks : Evidence From India, Jayanta Talukder

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

This dissertation explores facets of inter-state migration in India through the lens of various external shocks. The first chapter aggregates descriptive and economic statistics from primary surveys conducted in India in response to COVID-19 lockdowns in the form of a survey paper. The second chapter utilizes the survey data to provide detailed empirical contexts on the migration patterns and occupational choices of informal migrant workers in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic in India. The third chapter investigates long term changes in inter-state migration flows as a response to extreme climate events in India.

Do Lawyers Inhibit Economic Growth? New Evidence From The 50 U.S. States, James V. Koch, Richard J. Cebula

Economics Faculty Publications

Whether the activities of lawyers might hamper economic growth has been hotly contested over the past three decades. Contradictory conclusions have flowed from evidence that typically has focused on the impact of lawyers on the growth rates of countries. Disputes over definitions and samples that vary among countries have colored portions of these debates. We surmount many of these issues by adopting a 50-state panel covering the period 2005-2018 for the United States and by utilizing widely accepted variables regarding economic activity and who is considered a lawyer. Further, we utilize two distinct measures of the activity of lawyers and …

Heterogeneity In The Covid-19 Pandemic’S Labor Market Effects, Carlos Montelongo

CMC Senior Theses

In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, labor market outcomes in the United States drastically changed as the country entered its first recession since the Great Recession. The lives of millions of Americans became upended as economic shutdowns and lockdown orders spread across the United States. This paper attempts to quantify and examine the heterogeneity of employment trends before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic along the following four dimensions: race/ethnicity, gender, education, and age. By using cross-sectional data from the Current Population Survey, I gathered a representative sample of different demographic groups in the United States. My objective is …

Hoarding Lifesaving Knowledge While Millions Die: The Political Economy Of Global Covid-19 Vaccine Apartheid, Kenneth Stancil

Theses and Dissertations--Geography

Coronavirus vaccines saved millions of lives, but experts estimate that the suboptimal production and inequitable distribution of shots resulted in nearly 3 million preventable Covid-19 deaths in 2021 and 2022 as well as millions of indirect deaths during the pandemic. These avoidable fatalities are inseparable from the grotesquely unequal vaccination rates between rich and poor nations. Dose hoarding by high-income countries contributed to vaccine inequality, but the “vaccine apartheid” inflicted on low-income countries reflects an even more fundamental injustice: knowledge hoarding by profit-maximizing pharmaceutical corporations—aided and abetted by wealthy governments—which deprived generic manufacturers of the right to produce additional lifesaving …

How Cost-Effective Are Electric Vehicle Subsidies In Reducing Tailpipe-Co2 Emissions? An Analysis Of Major Electric Vehicle Markets, Tamara L. Sheldon, Rubal Dua, Omar Abdullah Alharbi

Faculty Publications

We estimate the cost-effectiveness of plug-in electric vehicle (PEV) subsidies in reducing tailpipe-CO2 emissions in China, the U.S., and nine European countries. We find that the per-tonne cost of tailpipe-CO2 avoided increases linearly with the government-subsidized percentage of the PEV price. Costs are relatively higher in the Netherlands and Denmark, which subsidized high-priced PEVs including plug-in hybrids, and lower in the U.S., where PEVs replaced higher-emissions cars. Chinese PEV subsidies have a short-run static cost of up to $1,600 per tonne, far exceeding the social cost of carbon, suggesting that subsidies are more a part of China’s industrial policy than …

Using The Lsat As A Labor Market Thermometer For Lawyers, James V. Koch, Barbara Blake-Gonzalez

Economics Faculty Publications

We rely upon a 50-state, 20-year panel to find that the number of Law School Admissions Test (LSAT) takers is only loosely related to economic conditions—although slightly more for men than for women, who in 2020 accounted for 58% of all LSAT takers. The number of test takers rose more than 35% between 2014 and 2020. This wave accentuated an already existing downtrend in the median real income of lawyers, and thus provides support for the hypothesis that most states have more lawyers than they need.

What Type Of Central Banker Dampens The Political Business Cycle? The Case Of Africa, Christine Strong

Economics Faculty Publications

This article investigates the extent to which central bank independence can help to reduce political business cycles in Africa. Like previous studies, we find evidence of political cycles in our sample of 34 African countries for the period 1980–2018, but our findings show that politicians' ability to manipulate both fiscal and monetary policy depends on the degree of alliance between the fiscal authority and the monetary authority. Indeed, our analysis reveals that the political business cycle worsens when the central banker is an ally whereas a non‐ally central banker is associated with a decrease in the ability of the incumbent …

Unification And Division: A Theory Of Institutional Choices In Imperial China, Haiwen Zhou

Economics Faculty Publications

Ancient China experienced various rounds of division and unification. Unification was maintained through economic and political institutions such as low tax rates to reduce peasant rebellions and the division of authority among government officials to reduce usurpation of power. A ruler’s choice of institutions to maintain unification is studied in a theoretical model. Interactions among external threats, internal rebellions by peasants, and usurpation of power by government officials are established. A higher level of external threats induces the ruler to choose a higher level of autonomy for government officials and a higher tax rate. That is, equilibrium probability of internal …