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Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

A Case Study Analysis Of The Financial Structure Of Boko Haram In Nigeria, John O. Opara Jan 2024

A Case Study Analysis Of The Financial Structure Of Boko Haram In Nigeria, John O. Opara

Department of Conflict Resolution Studies Theses and Dissertations

This study examined the various techniques used by Boko Haram (BH) to source funds for its violent activities in Nigeria. The study also examined the reasons why the group maintains support from the locals and others despite the violence the group has caused in Nigeria. A case study qualitative research technique was selected by using Key Informant Interviews (KII) and relevant document review to gather data to address the central questions of why Boko Haram has support, and why it maintains a strong financial structure. Findings of the study revealed that Boko Haram has several sources of funding and support …

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Justice As Fairness Or As Inclusion: Putting Rawls In Conversation With The Bans On Transgender Athletes, Nicole Player Jan 2024

Justice As Fairness Or As Inclusion: Putting Rawls In Conversation With The Bans On Transgender Athletes, Nicole Player

Pomona Senior Theses

The last decade has seen a flurry of anti-transgender bills introduced and passed in the United States, and the topic that has likely been the most hotly debated regards the dozens of state bans on transgender athletes. While most discussions of these bans go straight to a debate about physiology, this thesis centers instead on a question of justice. In the debate of whether to allow a transgender girl to compete in girls’ sports, is it more “just” to prioritize fairness in women’s sport, as these bans do, or is it more just to prioritize inclusion? This thesis, in finding …

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Medical Expenditures And The Measurement Of Poverty In The United States, Luke Petach, David Wyant Jan 2024

Medical Expenditures And The Measurement Of Poverty In The United States, Luke Petach, David Wyant

Faculty Scholarship

Using data from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) we estimate the fraction of the US population that is health poor. A person is health poor if their income prior to paying health insurance premiums and out-of-pocket healthcare costs is above the poverty line, but their income net-of-premiums and out-of-pocket healthcare costs is below the poverty line. Because resources used to finance health insurance premiums and out-of-pocket costs are (A) lexicographically preferred and (B) cannot be used to maintain an individual’s standard of living, they should be excluded from official poverty estimates. Approximately 1% to 2% of the US population …

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Leveraging Brazilian Administrative Data To Examine The Impact Of Unobservable Factors On Earnings, Victor Gabriel Antunes Buttignon, Francis Carlo Petterini Lourenço, Edinaldo Tebaldi Jan 2024

Leveraging Brazilian Administrative Data To Examine The Impact Of Unobservable Factors On Earnings, Victor Gabriel Antunes Buttignon, Francis Carlo Petterini Lourenço, Edinaldo Tebaldi

Mathematics and Economics Faculty Journal Articles

This research contributes to the literature and fills a gap in the Brazilian literature on the returns to public and private education. Most research examining this differential are subject to potential bias because of the lack of controls for unobservable variables. This work accounts for unobservable traits by leveraging the methodology proposed by Dale and Krueger (2002) and data from the National Association of Graduate Centers in Economics (ANPEC) and administrative data from the Annual List of Social Information (RAIS). The findings indicate that the positive earnings differential for public education turns insignificant when controls for unobservable characteristics are accounted …

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Borderplex Business Barometer, Volume 8, Number 1, Thomas M. Fullerton Jr., Steven L. Fullerton Jan 2024

Borderplex Business Barometer, Volume 8, Number 1, Thomas M. Fullerton Jr., Steven L. Fullerton

Border Region Modeling Project

No abstract provided.

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Measuring Changes In Pork Demand, Welfare Effects, And The Role Of Information Sources In The Event Of An African Swine Fever Outbreak In The United States, Pratyoosh Kashyap, Jordan F. Suter, Sophie C. Mckee Jan 2024

Measuring Changes In Pork Demand, Welfare Effects, And The Role Of Information Sources In The Event Of An African Swine Fever Outbreak In The United States, Pratyoosh Kashyap, Jordan F. Suter, Sophie C. Mckee

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

African swine fever (ASF) has never been detected in the United States, but the current global outbreak threatens to change that. Although ASF poses no known risk to human health and is not a food safety concern, little is known about the response in U.S. consumer demand in case of an outbreak. We use an online survey experiment, following the one-and-one-half-bound dichotomous choice contingent valuation approach to estimate changes in consumers’ willingness to pay for pork in case of an ASF outbreak. Using these estimates, we find that demand for unprocessed pork (processed pork) products in the U.S. is predicted …

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A Market Strategy Analysis Of Doi Kham Company, Cholachai Sirisawat Jan 2024

A Market Strategy Analysis Of Doi Kham Company, Cholachai Sirisawat

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

This article is conceived with the objective of utilizing data from Doi Kham Food Products Company Limited as the focal point of research. It delves into market narratives and comprehensive market data, as well as the growth trajectory of the company in accordance with the royal initiatives of His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej (King Rama IX). His Majesty's aspirations aimed to alleviate the hardships faced by rural communities in the highlands of Northern Thailand, transitioning towards a company engaged in the production and procurement of agricultural products, supplying both domestic and international markets with stability and concurrent growth in agriculture. …

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The Employment Effects Of Agri-Food Global Value Chain Participation In Lower Middle-Income Countries, Phyu Phyu Lwin Jan 2024

The Employment Effects Of Agri-Food Global Value Chain Participation In Lower Middle-Income Countries, Phyu Phyu Lwin

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Global Value Chains (GVCs) offer opportunities for lower-middle-income countries (LMICs) in the agri-food sector by integrating local economies into the global market and enhancing economic growth. This study aims to examine the impact of GVC participation on employment in the agri-food industry of LMICs. A fixed effect model is employed on a panel data set of nine lower-middle-income countries across 2005-2019. The results indicate that GVC participation, both backward (involving imported intermediate inputs) and forward (where domestic inputs are used in the production of exports), has a significant negative effect on employment. This suggests that GVCs do not always increase …

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Budgets And The Timing, Intensity, And Composition Of Interest Group Lobbying In The U.S. States, John M. De Figueiredo Jan 2024

Budgets And The Timing, Intensity, And Composition Of Interest Group Lobbying In The U.S. States, John M. De Figueiredo

Faculty Scholarship

This paper examines state level lobbying data to determine how budgeting affects the timing, intensity and composition of lobbying expenditures. Using a database of all available lobbying expenditures in the U.S. states ranging up to 25  years, the paper shows interest group lobbying increases substantially during the budgeting process, and the budgeting process is unlike other issues lobbyists face. Spikes in lobbying during budgeting are driven primarily by business groups, and these business groups account for most of the changes on the margin in lobbying activity. Moreover, even groups relatively unaffected by budgets lobby more intensely during legislative budgeting, consistent …

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Financial Literacy In The Era Of Artificial Intelligence. Towards Financial Inclusion. Opening Remarks, Łukasz Kurowski, Anna Szelągowska Jan 2024

Financial Literacy In The Era Of Artificial Intelligence. Towards Financial Inclusion. Opening Remarks, Łukasz Kurowski, Anna Szelągowska

Journal of Banking and Financial Economics

Financial Literacy in the Era of Artificial Intelligence. Towards Financial Inclusion. Opening Remarks

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Entire Volume Journal Of Banking And Financial Economics 2024, 1(21) Jan 2024

Entire Volume Journal Of Banking And Financial Economics 2024, 1(21)

Journal of Banking and Financial Economics

Entire Volume Journal of Banking and Financial Economics 2024, 1(21)

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Betting On The Market: The Influence Of Match-Day Odds On Price Reactions Of European Football Clubs, Pascal Alterauge, Marc Mehlhorn Jan 2024

Betting On The Market: The Influence Of Match-Day Odds On Price Reactions Of European Football Clubs, Pascal Alterauge, Marc Mehlhorn

Journal of Banking and Financial Economics

This research investigates the relationship between football match outcomes, betting odds and the stock prices of publicly traded European football clubs, spanning from 11 February 2004 to 7 April 2022. Drawing data from 12 major European and publicly traded clubs, the study utilised betting odds as a key metric. These odds, aggregated from the Odds Portal, serve as a gauge for expected versus unexpected match outcomes. Preliminary findings showed a market value increase of 0.44% after a win and a decrease of 1.08% post-defeat. Moreover, deviations from betting odds predictions significantly influenced stock prices, with unexpected wins and losses resulting …

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Euro-Denominated Credit Liquidity: Tracing Cyclical Phases In Global Finance, Mateusz Mariusz Mierzejewski Jan 2024

Euro-Denominated Credit Liquidity: Tracing Cyclical Phases In Global Finance, Mateusz Mariusz Mierzejewski

Journal of Banking and Financial Economics

In the past few years, set against the backdrop of pandemic mitigation efforts and the resultant inflationary spike, the macrofinancial landscape has undergone significant transformation. The tightening of monetary policy by global central banks in response to these phenomena has notably affected global financial liquidity, particularly within the realm of foreign currency lending. This article delves into the shifts in credit liquidity, centering on the Global Liquidity Index for euro-denominated loans across European Union nations over the last two decades. Through the application of the Fourier Transform, we analyse the cyclical patterns within the index and delineate the primary phases …

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European Union Sanctions Impact On The Sector Stock Prices – The Ukrainian War Effect?, Patrycja Chodnicka, Piotr Jaworski, Marcin Kot Jan 2024

European Union Sanctions Impact On The Sector Stock Prices – The Ukrainian War Effect?, Patrycja Chodnicka, Piotr Jaworski, Marcin Kot

Journal of Banking and Financial Economics

The aim of this paper is to analyze the current impact of the implementation of the European Union sanctions related to the Ukrainian War on the abnormal rates of return on the stock prices of companies listed on the stock exchanges. It was hypothesized that the implementation of the European Union sanctions related to the Ukrainian War is causing the varied abnormal rates of return on the stock prices of companies listed on the stock exchanges, taking into consideration the type of sector and the geographical proximity to the military conflict. The analysis used panel data event studies prepared using …

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Expansionary Federal Monetary Policy And U.S. Banks’ Risk Profiles During The Covid-19 Pandemic-Induced Economic Recession, Maoyong Zheng, Cesar Escalante Jan 2024

Expansionary Federal Monetary Policy And U.S. Banks’ Risk Profiles During The Covid-19 Pandemic-Induced Economic Recession, Maoyong Zheng, Cesar Escalante

Journal of Banking and Financial Economics

This study focuses on the pandemic phase when the U.S. economy dealt with significant economic recessionary pressures due to widespread, prolonged social mobility restraints. The Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) promptly pursued expansionary policies, such as lowering the federal funds rate to almost zero until February 2022. This study employs a Dynamic Panel Data Generalised Moment Method Model (DPD-GMM) to analyse the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic’s economic shocks and FOMC’s expansionary policy on U.S. banks’ loan portfolio and asset complement risk profiles. Our analysis extends from two pre-pandemic years through the pandemic recession and recovery periods (until early 2022) …

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Government Subsidy In The U.S. Mortgage Market: A Structural Analysis With Bunching, Bowen Shi, Yunhui Zhao Jan 2024

Government Subsidy In The U.S. Mortgage Market: A Structural Analysis With Bunching, Bowen Shi, Yunhui Zhao

Journal of Banking and Financial Economics

It is crucial to better understand the U.S. residential mortgage market, where the global financial crisis originated. In this paper, we develop an infinite-horizon continuous-time structural model to study the effects of the longstanding and widespread Government-Sponsored Enterprises (GSEs) mortgage default insurance subsidy on U.S. mortgage underwriters’ equilibrium lending behaviour. Despite the richness of the model, we obtain analytical solutions for the equilibrium loan size and interest rate. We then employ truncated loan-level data to estimate the subsidy’s magnitude using maximum likelihood by exploiting a distinctive data feature that many borrowers bunch at the subsidy eligibility cutoff. We find that …

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Indirect Measure Of Financial Constraints: Evidence From Unquoted Innovative Smes, Katarzyna Prędkiewicz Jan 2024

Indirect Measure Of Financial Constraints: Evidence From Unquoted Innovative Smes, Katarzyna Prędkiewicz

Journal of Banking and Financial Economics

This paper examines whether companies’ innovativeness affects the availability of capital and, therefore, whether this group is financially constrained. It uses an objective, indirect way of measuring financial constraints based on the assumption that financially restricted firms only invest when internal cash flow allows them to do so. Therefore, the research was based on the investment-cash flow equation, more precisely the adjusted ECM model adapted to the SME sector. The companies’ innovativeness was measured based on a proprietary synthetic indicator covering a broad range of information on innovation activity. The research was conducted on a sample of 403 firms, including …

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The Planned Reforms Of The American And European Deposit Insurance Systems: Similarities And Differences, Konrad Szeląg Jan 2024

The Planned Reforms Of The American And European Deposit Insurance Systems: Similarities And Differences, Konrad Szeląg

Journal of Banking and Financial Economics

Last year, at around the same time, two reforms of deposit insurance systems were announced – one in the United States and the other in the European Union. The American proposal of the reform was triggered by the banking crisis of March 2023 (bank runs and failures) and it was put forward by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation in May 2023. In Europe, the European Commission published in April 2023 its legislative proposal to reform the current EU framework for crisis management in the banking sector (including both deposit insurance and bank resolution). The EU proposal for the reform was …

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Journal Of Banking And Financial Economics 2024, 2(22) Jan 2024

Journal Of Banking And Financial Economics 2024, 2(22)

Journal of Banking and Financial Economics

Journal of Banking and Financial Economics 2024, 2(22)

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Essays On Public Finance And International Finance, Deepti Sikri Jan 2024

Essays On Public Finance And International Finance, Deepti Sikri

Electronic Theses & Dissertations (2024 - present)

The first chapter examines New York State's Fiscal Score Monitoring program to find the effect of two quality labels on school district outcomes: fiscal stress scores, reflecting the budget solvency, and environmental stress labels reflecting economic and demographic conditions. Using the NYS school district data from 2013-22, I employ the regression discontinuity design to find the effect of stress labels, in response to the political pressure on district finances, housing, and school outcomes. I find the effect of fiscal stress label is limited, leading to a decrease in the fund balance ratio and an increase in the tax rate. However, …

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Compassion Cartography: Mapping The Psychological Landscape Of Altruistic Equity And Effectiveness, Kyle Fiore Law Jan 2024

Compassion Cartography: Mapping The Psychological Landscape Of Altruistic Equity And Effectiveness, Kyle Fiore Law

Electronic Theses & Dissertations (2024 - present)

Psychologists and philosophers have often championed deliberative reasoning over empathy as a better approach to overcoming parochial biases and guiding altruistic equity and effectiveness. Advocates of the effective altruism (EA) philosophy even advise philanthropists to downregulate empathic responses to maximize the impact of their donations. However, recent research reveals that extraordinary altruists (XAs), such as those who donate organs to strangers, are driven primarily by empathy. This dissertation explores whether empathy necessarily impedes altruistic equity (impartial regard for others’ welfare) and effectiveness (prioritizing impact), revealing a more nuanced reality that challenges this perspective. Across two phases of research involving three …

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Textile Recycling And Recovery: An Eco-Friendly Perspective On Textile And Garment Industries Challenges, Shayan Abrishami, Armineh Shirali, Nicole Sharples, Gulsah Ekin Kartal, Lisa Macintyre, Omid Doustdar Jan 2024

Textile Recycling And Recovery: An Eco-Friendly Perspective On Textile And Garment Industries Challenges, Shayan Abrishami, Armineh Shirali, Nicole Sharples, Gulsah Ekin Kartal, Lisa Macintyre, Omid Doustdar

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

The world has been facing a growing crisis in textile waste due to global population growth and improved living conditions, combined with a decrease in the life cycles of textile products. Textile recycling is one of the key aspects for reducing the massive waste problem generated by the fashion and textile industries. Despite the need to develop textile waste recycling industries, acceptable practical interim measures still need to be taken. Textile waste can affect people’s lives economically and environmentally. Producing apparel from natural or synthetic origin can produce pollutants and waste at each stage. In this review article, the effects …

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Variation In Las Vegas Tree Diversity Based On Socioeconomic Status, Fabrizio Ciccone Jan 2024

Variation In Las Vegas Tree Diversity Based On Socioeconomic Status, Fabrizio Ciccone

Calvert Undergraduate Research Awards

An increased level of plant biodiversity has been observed in urban communities of above average socioeconomic status. This phenomenon was previously termed the luxury effect. This study aimed to identify potential disparities in tree diversity of different communities across Las Vegas and Henderson. Communities were selected based on the zip code’s median income for 2023; this information was gathered from the Healthy Southern Nevada database. Public parks were chosen from a range of zip codes, with trees initially being identified with PictureThis, then cross-referenced with Southern Nevada Water Authority’s regional plant list for validity. Trees were counted, identified, and …

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The Effects Of Bureaucratic Corruption On The Financial Constraints Of Nigerian Small Businesses, Obinna Franklin Ezeibekwe Jan 2024

The Effects Of Bureaucratic Corruption On The Financial Constraints Of Nigerian Small Businesses, Obinna Franklin Ezeibekwe

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

In this paper, I conduct the first empirical analysis to examine the impact of bureaucratic corruption on small business financial constraints in Nigeria. This study is also the first to compare the average treatment effect (ATE) with the local average treatment effect (LATE) framework to account for potential variations in treatment effects for small Nigerian firms with less than 100 employees. Using the bivariate probit method and two binary instruments, I find that corruption significantly increases the likelihood of financial constraints for a typical micro, small, and medium enterprise (MSME) by approximately 64 to 68 percentage points. When I use …

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Esop Shocks: Employee Ownership And Employment Stability In Public Firms During The Covid-19 Crisis, Richard Taylor Lennox Jan 2024

Esop Shocks: Employee Ownership And Employment Stability In Public Firms During The Covid-19 Crisis, Richard Taylor Lennox

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Did employee ownership preserve jobs and firm-level skill retention during the COVID-19 pandemic? In the United States, employee ownership (EO) primarily takes the form of Employee Stock Ownership Plans (ESOPs). Using a longitudinal dataset composed of Department of Labor Form 5500 – CompuStat Fundamentals matched data from 2010-2022, this thesis examines the relationship between ESOPs and employment stability during the COVID pandemic for a large sample of public firms in the US. A fixed effects specification, controlling for a vector of firm characteristics and the national employment-to-population ratio, suggests that ESOPs had an employment-cushioning effect in public firms during the …

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Legislative Redistricting And The Partisan Distribution Of Transportation Expenditure, Walter Melnik Jan 2024

Legislative Redistricting And The Partisan Distribution Of Transportation Expenditure, Walter Melnik

Economics Faculty Research and Publications

I show that a state representative’s political party determines transportation expenditure in the area she represents. Previous studies of this topic consider party changes through election outcomes, which may be correlated with unobservable determinants of expenditure. To overcome this issue, I identify my estimates using Ohio’s 2012 state legislative redistricting, which moved many geographic areas into districts with opposite party incumbents. The Republican party controlled the state legislature and governorship over the period I study. I find that areas moving from governing party Republican to minority party Democratic districts received $3.4M (0.18 standard deviations) less annual highway construction funding than …

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Bekerja Tetapi Tetap Miskin, Apakah Permasalahan Kemiskinan Multidimensi?, Abdus Salam, Endan Suwandana, Watekhi Watekhi Jan 2024

Bekerja Tetapi Tetap Miskin, Apakah Permasalahan Kemiskinan Multidimensi?, Abdus Salam, Endan Suwandana, Watekhi Watekhi

Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Indonesia

Working but still in poverty, is one of the phenomena of poor workers where they continue to work but their work does not guarantee them a better life. This study uses the concept of poverty from a monetary and multidimensional perspective. This study uses data from the March 2018 National Socioeconomic Survey (Susenas) and 2018 Village Potential Survey (Podes), and uses logistic regression to analyze whether the phenomenon of the working poor is a multidimensional poverty problem. The results of the study stated that poor workers have a close relationship with low education, millennial/young workers, a single parent, employees, a …

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The Simplified Additional Funds Needed Equation And Its Implications Jan 2024

The Simplified Additional Funds Needed Equation And Its Implications

Journal of Economics and Finance Education

As part of the corporate financial planning process, a firm must quantify the external funds required to achieve a specified growth rate. The additional funds needed (AFN) equation purportedly provides managers with a simple, first-cut way to do so. However, in its traditional specification, the AFN estimate appears to ignore financial feedback effects, potentially undermining its usefulness. This paper restates and simplifies the AFN equation. The new specification reveals that the estimated AFN is not distorted by financial feedback effects and can be used in its unadjusted form as an initial estimate of a firm’s financing needs.

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Does Learning Economics Make You Less Susceptible To The Sunk Cost Fallacy? Jan 2024

Does Learning Economics Make You Less Susceptible To The Sunk Cost Fallacy?

Journal of Economics and Finance Education

The sunk cost fallacy is typically covered in introductory economics courses. It is among the most important biases that influence decision making. Ronayne et al. (2021a,b) find evidence of behavior consistent with the sunk cost effect and utilize eight questions that measure individuals’ susceptibility to the sunk cost fallacy. We extend their research by examining whether a “pop culture” teaching intervention in principles of microeconomics lowers students’ predisposition to the fallacy. We find that students become -14.95% less susceptible to the sunk cost fallacy after learning about it. We also observe that students who have taken economics previously exhibit lower …

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Legacy Of Labour: The Impact Of Parental Occupations On Children’S Careers Choices And Income Inequality, Swapnil Landge Jan 2024

Legacy Of Labour: The Impact Of Parental Occupations On Children’S Careers Choices And Income Inequality, Swapnil Landge

Publications and Research

This paper investigates how intergenerational occupational mobility and self-selection into occupations are influenced by the occupations of parents. The results demonstrate that children who pursue their parents’ occupations, particularly those in the lowest earnings percentiles, are more negatively self-selected compared to those whose parents are in the highest earning deciles. In particular, 65% of the children who pursue their parents’ occupation in Decile 1, 49% in Decile 2, 32% in Decile 3 and 26% in Decile 4 would have achieved higher productivity and earned higher earnings in high-income occupations (specifically in Decile 10 occupations). In contrast, children from high-income backgrounds …

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