Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Isolation Or Interdependence? The Impact Of Central City And Metropolitan Statistical Area Economic Growth On The Welfare In Poor, Inner-City Census Tracts, Amy C. Novak

Masters Culminating Experiences (1993-2011)

This paper critically analyzes the relationship between the central city low income census tract and the economic vitality of the central city and the metropolitan statistical area. It attempts to provide an understanding of the impact of central city and metropolitan statistical area (MSA) economic activity on inner-city, poor census tracts. This study began by examining ninety-six low income census tracts in twenty-four of the fifty largest US cities. The variables examined included income levels, employment, and social variables (educational attainment, female-headed households, type of employment, percent of persons in poverty, percent of persons receiving federal public assistance dollars) in …

Kentucky Annual Economic Report 1997, Mark C. Berger, Michael A. Webb, Richard W. Furst, Steven N. Allen

Kentucky Annual Economic Report

No abstract provided.

Measuring The Public Realm: A Case Study, Emily Talen

Regional Research Institute Working Papers

Urban planners are vitally interested in the role, meaning, and use of public space. The recent trend toward building neighborhoods and towns according to the doctrine of new urbanism - a movement which seeks to promote sense of community by adhering to certain principles about the physical arrangement of space - brings the debate about the use of public space and its effect on social life to the forefront. New urbanism stresses the need to resurrect a more civic focus in town planning principles via the provision of public space ( Kunstler, 1996 ; Hochstein, 1994), a view based on …

Toward An Asian Economic Area: By Vr Panchamukhi And Reham Sobham, Nee Delhi: Macmillan India, 1995., Chiranjib Sen

IIMB Management Review

No abstract provided.

Unemployment, See World Pol Eco 108, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Shaikh, A. (1978, December). National income accounts and Marxian categories [Incomplete typescript manuscript comparing Marxian and Keynesian national-income categories, with empirical figures, statistical tables, appendices, and bibliography].

Wage Curve, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Shaikh, A. (1997, November 12). A note on the wage curve and the RAL hypothesis.

• Typed notes by Ipek (?) and Scott on Myth and measurement: The new economics of the minimum wage by D. Card and A. B. Krueger (December 5, 1995).

• Typed notes on The wage curve by D. G. Blanchflower and A. J. Oswald (1994).

• Typed notes with handwritten additions on the association between wages and unemployment, covering the standard neoclassical supply and demand model, regional distribution, and efficiency wages.

• Handwritten notes for Marx-Keynes (210S) by Ipek (?) and Scott comparing the work …

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Social Contacts And Job Searching: Does Gender Of Contact Matter?, F Carson Mencken

Regional Research Institute Working Papers

In this study, I investigate how the gender of the social contact women use to find jobs affects the gender composition of the jobs that women find. Using a subsample of women in the Metropolitan Employer Worker Survey, I test two competing hypotheses about the effects of gender of social contact using multivariate logistic regression. Controlling for a range of individual, household, occupation/industry and organization variables, the analysis shows that females are significantly less likely to find female dominated jobs when they find their jobs through male contacts, compared to female contacts. Moreover, I also show that traditional measures of …

Gatt, Dispute Settlement And Cooperation: A Reply, Dan Kovenock, Marie Thursby

Economics Faculty Articles and Research

In our 1992 paper, we analyzed GATT and its dispute settlement procedure (DSP) in the context of a supergame model of international trade featuring both explicit (GATT) and implicit (non-GATT) agreements. Our paper departed from the previous economics literature on GATT enforcement (see, for instance Hungerford (1991) and Ludema (1990)) by incorporating the ``twin engines of international obligation and retaliation'' (Hudec, 1990). International obligation imposed a cost of violating an explicit international agreement, such as GATT, while retaliation could take place either within the rules stipulated by the international agreement or by punishment outside of the agreement. In Section 2 …

Demand Fluctuations And Capacity Utilization Under Duopoly, J. J. Gabszewicz, Sougata Poddar

Economics Faculty Articles and Research

This paper studies the impact of uncertain demand on firms' capacity decisions when they operate in an oligopolistic environment. We define a two-stage game where firms choose capacity in the first stage without knowing which state of nature is going to realize, and output levels in the second, knowing which state is realized. We prove the existence of a symmetric subgame perfect equilibrium at which firms are in excess capacity compared with the capacity they would choose in the Cournot certainty equivalent game.

Eco 210s General, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Shaikh, A., PhD. (1997, September 26). RAL [Handwritten notes; unpublished manuscript].

• Kuznets, S. (1965). Economic growth and income inequality. In Economic growth and structure: Selected essays (pp. xx–xx). W. W. Norton & Company.

• Shaikh, A., PhD. (1997, Summer). Economic issues in current political debates [Syllabus for Econ 125; unpublished manuscript].

• Shaikh, A. M. (1991, Fall). Curriculum vitae [Unpublished manuscript].

• Shaikh, A., PhD. (1996, Summer). Economic issues in the upcoming elections [Syllabus for Econ 125; unpublished manuscript].

• Shaikh, A., PhD. (1993, September 12). Macroeconomic references [Unpublished manuscript].

• Shaikh, A., PhD. …

Expanding The Scope Of Individual Risk Management: Moral Hazard And Other Behavioral Considerations, Robert J. Shiller

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

There is a large potential for improving individual risk management through new risk management contracts and associated new index-settled derivatives. However, there are some difficult problems in designing contracts so that they will be used effectively. Individuals have idiosyncratic individual risks that can be hedged only at some real resource cost due to moral hazard. Individuals seem to exhibit behavior indicative of lack of appreciation of the principles of risk management. These problems are discussed, and some potential new risk management contracts that would make improvements in the management of major income risks are proposed

The Determinants Of Agriculture Growth In China, 1978-89, Jiefei Qiu

Masters Theses

Agriculture growth in China during the first dozen years of the economic reform could be attributed to an increase in inputs, technological progress, and institutional innovation. This paper introduces a couple of measurements for technological change and institutional reform, which include the imported capital for advanced technology, the number of high school graduates for improved human capital and the size of the free market for price reform. The study examines the effects of education, foreign capital, and price reform in rural China using data for both agriculture and farming over the period of 1978-89. Descriptions are made regarding the changes …

Stochastic Algorithms For Dynamic Models: Markov Perfect Equilibrium, And The ‘Curse’ Of Dimensionality, Ariel Pakes, Paul Mcguire

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

This paper provides an algorithm for computing policies for dynamic economic models whose state vectors evolve as ergodic Markov processes. The algorithm can be described as a simple learning process (one that agents might actually use). It has two features which break the relationship between its computational requirements and the dimension of the model’s state space. First the integral over future states needed to determine policies is never calculated; rather it is estimated by a simple average of past outcomes. Second, the algorithm never computes policies at all points. Iterations are defined by a location and only policies at that …

Consistent Moment Selection Procedures For Generalized Method Of Moments Estimation, Donald W.K. Andrews

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

This paper considers a generalized method of moments (GMM) estimation problem in which one has a vector of moment conditions, some of which are correct and some incorrect. The paper introduces several procedures for consistently selecting the correct moment conditions. The procedures also can consistently determine whether there is a sufficient number of correct moment conditions to identify the unknown parameters of interest. The paper specifies moment selection criteria that are GMM analogues of the widely used BIC and AIC model selection criteria. (The latter is not consistent.) The paper also considers downward and upward testing procedures. All of the …

Government Investment Programs (The Socialization Of Investment), John B. Davis

Economics Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

Downtown Cleveland's Economic Base, 1989-1996: Executive Summary, Ziona Austrian, Jocelyn Fagan

All Maxine Goodman Levin School of Urban Affairs Publications

No abstract provided.

Popl, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Handwritten notes commenting on R. Wolff’s paper, Critique of state debate (October 6, 1997).

• Handwritten notes for the first class of ECO 200 on the productive/non-productive distinction and competition (January 22, 1997).

• A page with three diagrams: Basic activities of social reproduction, Non-production labor and social consumption, and Productive and unproductive labor under capital.

• Handwritten notes titled Prod/Unprod labor (Main implications for accumulation) discussing production labor, accumulation, and employment (June 5, 1981).

• Handwritten notes titled Marxian categories vs. D. account (March 2, 1988).

• A selection of pages with graphs …

Unmarked Folder, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Saad-Filho, A. (1997, Autumn). An alternative reading of the transformation of values into prices of production. Capital & Class, 63, [Business card and handwritten note included]. Manuscript in possession of the author.

• Koshimura, S. (1977, September). A more general solution of the “transformation problem” [Paper with handwritten dedication]. Manuscript in possession of the author.

• Cockshott, P., & Sinha, A. (2005, March 1). A note on the significance of the standard commodity in Sraffa’s system [Attached to email exchange with Ajit Sinha]. Manuscript in possession of the author.

• Shaikh, A. (2002, January 4). …

Xr Project, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes.

• Shaikh, A., PhD. (n.d.). Notes on national competition, absolute advantage, standard model empirical evidence, and Marx’s response to Ricardo’s problem [Unpublished handwritten notes].

• Shaikh, A., PhD. (n.d.). Effective real exchange rates and effective real unit labor costs: S. Africa [Unpublished chart].

• Shaikh, A., PhD. (n.d.). Interest rate differentials: U.S.–trading partners (long term and short term) [Unpublished chart].

• Shaikh, A., PhD. (n.d.). Industrial RULC and real exchange rate [Unpublished chart].

• Shaikh, A., PhD. (n.d.). Short-term interest rate differentials and capital inflow [Unpublished chart].

• Shaikh, A., PhD. (n.d.). Greece: RXR vs. RULCRATIO [Unpublished …

The Effects Of Federal Spending On Earnings Change In Appalachia, F. Carson Mencken, James H. Noonan

Regional Research Institute Working Papers

In this paper we investigate the effects of federal spending on earnings change in Appalachian counties during the 1983-88 recovery and 1989-92 recession. Specifically, we explore the effects of federal spending from grants/research, procurement, salary/wages and defense. The analysis controls for key concepts in the human ecology and new urban sociology. The dependent variables are earnings change for each business cycle from a shift-share analysis, which decomposes county earnings change into that from nationally declining industries. The analysis shows that federal spending has no effect on earnings change, when it is considered as an aggregate measure. However, when federal spending …

Linking Spatial Statistics With Gis: Operational Issues In The Spacestat-Arcview Link And The S+Grassland Link, Shuming Bao, Luc Anselin

Regional Research Institute Working Papers

The extension of the functional capacity of geographic information systems (GIS) with tools for exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA) has been an increasingly active area of research in recent years. In this paper, two operational implementations that link spatial analysis software with a GIS are considered more closely. They consist of a linkage between the SpaceStat software for spatial data analysis and the ArcView GIS (based on socalled loose coupling), and the S+Grassland Link between S-PLUS/SpatialStats and Grassland GIS (based on so-called close coupling). The emphasis is on the implementation of methods of exploratory spatial data analysis to describe spatial …

Regional Economic Effects Of University Research: A Survey, Attila Varga

Regional Research Institute Working Papers

Previous research is classified into four broad categories in this paper: the study of a university’s impact on the location choice of high technology facilities, the investigation of university impact on the spatial distribution of high technology production, the analysis of the spatial pattern of industrial research and development activities, and the modeling of local knowledge transfers emanating from academic institutions. It is found that the university effect on the location choice of high technology facilities depends on certain area characteristics. There is a strong evidence in the literature of local academic technology transfers. Regarding the effect of university technology …

Rao’S Score Test In Spatial Econometrics, Luc Anselin

Regional Research Institute Working Papers

Rao's score test provides an extremely useful framework for developing diagnostics against hypotheses that reflect cross-sectional or spatial correlation in regression models, a major focus of attention in spatial econometrics. In this paper, a review and assessment is presented of the application of Rao's score test against three broad classes of spatial alternatives: spatial autoregressive and moving average processes, spatial error components and direct representation models. A brief review is presented of the various forms and distinctive characteristics of RS tests against spatial processes. New tests are developed against the alternatives of spatial error components and direct representation models. It …

A Kalman-Filter Approach To Estimating The Natural Rate Of Unemployment, Victor V. Claar

Regional Research Institute Working Papers

The terms “NAIRU” and “natural rate of unemployment” are not interchangeable. Further, while there is a consensus that the NAIRU represents an empirical macroeconomic relationship, little agreement exists regarding what is meant by the “natural rate of unemployment.” This paper estimates the natural rate of unemployment, defined here as the unemployment rate corresponding to equilibrium in the labor market. Rather than employ a Phillips curve, the model utilizes a macroeconomic-principles-level decomposition of the unemployment rate into its cyclical and noncyclical components. We then evaluate the estimated natural rate series by examining its relationship to structural variables from the labor market.

A Spatial Analysis Of Southern Gubernatorial Elections: 1965-1997, Chuck Failing Iv

Regional Research Institute Working Papers

For nearly a century the Democratic Party exerted an unmatched influence at all levels of government in the southern United States. This is particularly true in the eleven former Confederate states: Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, and Virginia. In turn, the policies and personalities of politicians and voters in the South played immense roles in shaping the national Democratic Party and national policies. This paper illustrates the dynamics of political change in the South at the gubernatorial level, and quantifies the magnitude of change over time with statistical analysis.

Measuring Governors’ Effectiveness: A Control Group Study, Brad Keller

Regional Research Institute Working Papers

This research sought empirical evidence that the policies of celebrated governors of Pennsylvania, Massachusetts, and Arkansas led to increases in employment in their state. The counties of those states were matched with counties from other states based on variables thought to affect economic growth. Differences between the matched pairs were then examined in seventeen major sectors. Little regional support was found for the conclusion that the policies stimulated the counties’ economies. The Pennsylvania counties lagged behind the match counties before the policies went into effect and continued to do so afterward. Massachusetts counties experienced relative growth in transportation and public …

Socioeconomic Performance In Metropolitan And Nonmetropolitan Areas During The 1980s, F. Carson Mencken, Joachim Singelmann

Regional Research Institute Working Papers

The socioeconomic gap between metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas increased during the 1980s. We test three competing explanations for this trend during the 1980s: overdependence on manufacturing, especially in nonmetro labor markets, the emergence of producer services as a catalyst of socioeconomic growth, and federal spending. Using a model that is informed by a variety of perspectives in sociology and economic geography, and commuter zones (CZs) as spatial units of analysis, we estimate the effects of manufacturing concentration, producer service concentration, and federal spending on per capita income, per capita earnings, and private nonfarm employment growth during the 1983-1988 business cycle …

Agricultural Transformation In Rural Western Kenya: The Maize Crop In The Mt. Elgon Region, 1930-1950, Jennifer L. Hoskinson

Regional Research Institute Working Papers

Between 1930 and 1950 the Kenyan colonial government began an experiment with maize by attempting to introduce it as a major cash crop in the Mt. Elgon geographical region of Western Kenya. Part of a larger campaign concerning African agriculture in general, the colonial government pursued various policies aimed at raising the price of African-grown maize and improving its production. Just as these policies began to provide an atmosphere favorable to African maize export growth, however, the colonial government reversed several of these policies. Using the case of maize in the Mt. Elgon region, this research illustrates how the failure …

Estimating County Cost Of Living Indexes:The Issue Of Urban Versus Rural, Laura A. Blanciforti, Edit Kranner

Regional Research Institute Working Papers

This paper summarizes the outcome of a survey of cost of living/price index programs at the county level in the U.S. Additionally, it presents results of econometric analyses of price level data by counties for two states, Florida and Minnesota. Unlike previous studies that use a sample of urban counties and/or metropolitan areas, this analysis uses all units of the defined geographical area. It reviews the differences that occur from applying the same analytical methods to different data groupings, specifically, urban and rural counties. Finally, it points out issues that regional statisticians must consider when developing indexes for counties within …

Employer Recruiting And The Gender Composition Of Jobs, F. Carson Mencken, Idee Winfield

Regional Research Institute Working Papers

In this paper we examine employer recruiting in the external labor market as an intervening mechanism in the process of job gender segregation. We use data from the Metropolitan EmployerWorker Survey to examine the effects of informal and formal recruiting techniques on the gender composition of jobs, and how the characteristics of jobs, organizations, occupations and industries affect the use of formal and informal recruiting. Jobs more frequently recruited through formal techniques, such as advertisements, employ more women. In contrast, jobs more frequently recruited through informal techniques, such as business colleagues, employ fewer women. The effects of recruiting, however, are …