Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Climate Shocks, Crop Yields, And School Enrollment In Rural Ethiopia, Mallika Matharu

Master's Theses

This study investigates how climate-induced shocks to agricultural productivity affect school enrollment in rural Ethiopia. Using five waves of panel data from the Ethiopia Living Standards Measurement Study (LSMS) and satellite-derived weather indicators, I estimate the causal effects of crop yields, specifically Teff, Sorghum, and Maize, on children’s school attendance. To address the endogeneity of agricultural output, I instrument crop yields with agro-climatic measures such as growing degree days (GDD), harmful degree days (HDD), and soil moisture during the Meher growing season. The main empirical strategy uses a two-stage instrumental variable approach with region and wave fixed effects. Results suggest …

Loadshedding And Nighttime Light Intensity In South Africa: Evidence From High-Frequency Satellite Data, Jurney Lajos

Master's Theses

This paper investigates the relationship between loadshedding and nighttime light intensity in South Africa using high-frequency satellite data from 2020 to 2024. By linking rotational blackout schedules to daily radiance measurements at the suburb level, the study examines how electricity disruptions affect visible light emissions and whether these effects vary by wealth. Results show that while load shedding has be-come increasingly severe in recent years, its impact is not felt equally. Poorer suburbs experience larger and more persistent reductions in nighttime radiance during black-outs, suggesting limited capacity to adapt. In contrast, wealthier suburbs show signs of resilience, with smaller drops …

The Long-Term Effect Of Universities On Local Technology, Dafina Rizvanolli

Master's Theses

This paper studies the long-term effects of universities on local economic complexity, contributing to new evidence on how higher education institutions shape local productive capabilities over time. While extensive research documents universities’ positive impact on development, fundamental questions remain about the mechanisms through which they operate. Our study employs the Economic Complexity Index (ECI), a measure that captures the diversity and ubiquity of regional economic structures, to provide novel insights into universities’ influence on local economies. Building on Andrews (2023), we exploit historical natural experiments in university site selection during the 19^th and 20^th centuries in the U.S. …

Shared Hardships Strengthen Bonds: Negative Shocks, Embeddedness, And Employee Retention, Andrew Balthrop, Hyunseok Jung

Economics Faculty Publications and Presentations

Jarring events inspiring reflection, known as "shocks" in the literature, are the driving force in explaining changes in employee embeddedness and retention within the unfolding model of labor turnover. Substantial research effort has examined strategies for insulating valued employees from adverse shocks. However, this article provides empirical evidence that unambiguously negative shocks can increase employee retention when underlying firm and employee incentives with respect to these shocks are aligned. Using survival analysis on a unique data set of 466,236 communication records and 45,873 employment spells from 21 trucking companies, we show how equipment-related shocks tend to increase the duration of …

Two-Way Random Effects Model With Serial Correlation, Badi H. Baltagi, Georges Bresson, Jean-Michel Etienne

Center for Policy Research

This paper derives a feasible GLS estimator for a two-way error component model with serial correlation on both the time effects as well as the remainder disturbances. This estimator is based on two methods, one proposed by De Porres and Krishnakumar (2013) for deriving the spectral decomposition of a general error component structure and the other based on an inversion trick for the variance-covariance matrix of this model suggested by Skoglund and Karlsson (2001). While the last paper used maximum likelihood methods under the normality assumption, we use method of moments estimators following Baltagi and Li (1991) for the one-way …

The Hidden Logic Behind Migration And Success, Elsa Russom

Master's Projects and Capstones

This research paper explores the hidden drivers of financial success among Eritrean migrants navigating uncertainty, displacement, and limited institutional access. Drawing on original survey data collected from diaspora communities across East African host countries, I apply a mixed-methods framework combining ordinal and binary logistic regression, random forest classification, bootstrapping, and Bayesian causal mediation; to identify the structural and cultural variables most predictive of financial stability. The findings reveal that participation in Ekub, a traditional rotating savings association, and engagement in communal support systems are the strongest predictors of financial success, outperforming conventional factors such as age, education, or employment status. …

Entire Volume Journal Of Banking And Financial Economics 2025, 1(23)

Journal of Banking and Financial Economics

Entire Volume Journal of Banking and Financial Economics 2025, 1(23)

Independent Vs. Signed Musicians: Does Thier Status Affect Their Success?, Zachary Vincent

Honors Projects in Mathematics and Economics

As technology has advanced and become more widely available, and as the public learns more about the recording industry and its workings, more musicians are choosing not to sign with record labels, becoming independent musicians. This now raises the question: does a musician’s status of independent or signed determine their level of success? It has been previously found that independent musicians have a more difficult time competing with signed musicians due to the resources provided by record labels and the way labels negotiate with large streaming platforms, giving signed labels more opportunities to be seen in the public eye, but …

Macroeconomics Textbook For Kingsborough Students, Dorina Tila

Open Educational Resources

Textbook customized for Kingsborough students. It was published in May 2025. You can access it through pressbook as well.

https://pressbooks.cuny.edu/macroeconomicsbronxkcc/

Federal And State Governments Can Help Solve The Employment Problems Of People In Distressed Places To Spur Equitable Growth, Timothy J. Bartik

Upjohn Institute Policy Papers

Places in the United States differ greatly in their residents’ access to jobs, especially good jobs. Although the federal and state governments provide about $80 billion annually to create jobs through multiple programs, these job-creation initiatives are rarely targeted to economically distressed places, where the job-creation benefits for local residents are greatest. Moreover, many of these programs take the form of business tax incentives, which are less effective at job creation than customized services for businesses and workers. I argue that the prime-age employment rate of places should be used to target job-creation programs and review which such programs are …

Federal Health Research Cuts In The Mountain West, 2025, Mia Tschan, Ivan Sun, Sydney Mitchell, Caitlin J. Saladino, William E. Brown Jr.

Health

This fact sheet presents data from the Science & Community Impacts Mapping Project (SCIMaP) report, “Impact of Federal Health Research Cuts,” which predicts economic and job losses resulting from proposed National Institutes of Health (NIH) funding/grants cuts for indirect research costs as of April 9, 2025. This fact sheet focuses on predicted economic and job loss for the Mountain West states of Arizona, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, and Utah, and county-level data for the State of Nevada.

Essays On Multinational Behavior, Brian Adam Green

Dissertations - ALL

This dissertation studies issues regarding the tax avoidance behavior of multinational corporations. It is composed of three chapters. The first examines the differential impact of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 on firm profit-shifting behavior. The second constructs a theoretical model in which the introduction of tax havens to a standard trade model leads to an oversupply of multinational exports and a decrease in public welfare. The third sheds light on multinational responses to the Great Recession of 2008. The US corporate income tax rate used to be the highest in the developed world, yet multinationals were able …

From Fraud To Future: Accountancy Case Studies On Financial Illusions, Policy Failures, And The Economic Renaissance Of Mississippi’S Broadband Initiative, Hayden Brennan Adams

Honors Theses

This Honors Practicum is a compilation of case studies completed under the supervision of Dr. Victoria Dickenson across two semesters of the course Accountancy 420 — Independent Study. The first semester (Fall 2023) of case studies involved both individual and group case studies examining various geopolitical implications of contemporary accounting, as well as the surge in environmental, social, and governance (ESG) regulations affecting financial reporting. The second semester (Spring 2024) was mostly centered around a collaborative Mississippi economic development proposal project conducted by four other students and myself. In our project, we construct a business plan for a start-up broadband …

Learning Rules Under Asymmetric Information: A Cournot Market Experiment, Marshall H. Pentes

Honors Theses

I present the use of best response (BR) and imitation (IM) learning rules in experimental Cournot duopoly markets under asymmetric information. In treatment BR, one subject (called BR1) receives, after every round, information about their previous quantity choices, the previous market prices, their previous profits, the previous quantities of the the other firm in the market, and the previous Cournot best response to the quantity of the other firm. In treatment IM, one subject (called IM1) receives, after every round, information about the prior quantities of and profits of both firms in the market. The BR1 and IM1 subjects are …

Asymmetric Recovery: Understanding The Differences In Commercial And Residential Recovery Patterns Following The 2008 Financial Crisis, Avery J. Flynn

Honors Theses

The 2008 financial crisis revealed differences in economic recovery patterns between businesses and households. This study analyzes the asymmetry in loan delinquency rates between commercial and residential sectors, with data showing commercial rates peaked at 8.51% in 2010 while residential rates reached 10.88%, followed by significantly different recovery trajectories.

The research investigates how differing legal protections created varying incentives to cut costs. Through analyzing Federal Reserve data, Census Bureau surveys, and expenditure records, this study found the commercial sector recovered 64% within three years of its peak, compared to only 17% for the residential sector.

During the recession, businesses reduced …

Accountability And Efficiency: Compiled Case Studies On Economic Development, Spending, And Global Markets, Jacob W. Grimsley

Honors Theses

This is a compilation of cases worked throughout the course of one year. These cases were created and assigned for an accountancy course focused on research and writing. The cases focus on accounting related topics, while also pertaining to political happenings as well as general economic topics.

Case 02 was completed in collaboration with other honors students, and these students are indicated on the page preceding this case.

Cases 05 and 06 pertain to a semester-long project focused on the development of a Mississippi based business. This case was also completed with the help of other students, as indicated on …

Moral Preferences In Ultimatum And Impunity Games, Valerie Capraro, Ismael Rodriguez-Lara

ESI Publications

We report on two experiments (total N = 2572) testing the role of moral preferences in one-shot, anonymous ultimatum and impunity games, which vary the veto power of responders. In the impunity game, if an offer is lower than the responder’s minimum acceptable offer, the proposer still receives his share, while the responder gets nothing. Study 1 is correlational and explores how moral preferences, as measured using the Moral Foundations Questionnaire, explain behaviour in the two games. Study 2 is causal and investigates the effect of moral suasion on behaviour. Regarding proposers, both studies provide evidence that moral preferences affect …

Integrating Positive Psychology And Spirituality To Foster Meaning And Well-Being In Older Adults, Crystal Morris

Adultspan Journal

This perspective article explores the integration of positive psychology interventions (PPIs) and spirituality in therapy to foster meaning and well-being in older adults. It highlights exercises such as the positive introduction, positive legacy, character strengths, mindfulness, mindful-based yoga, and a manifestation prayer journaling. The interventions presented are tools to support older adults that may experience depression, difficult life transitions, and the search for renewed meaning. Therapists who integrate PPIs and spirituality into therapy can promote a holistic, non-pathological approach to treatment.

Economic Development In Cartersville, Ms: A Case Study Of A Non-Profit Organization's Community Development Projects, Mckenzie B. Perkins

Honors Theses

The Mississippi Delta Region has long faced significant economic, educational, and health challenges and a steady population decline since the 1940s. In response, community development projects have emerged as powerful tools to promote health, well-being, and social mobility. This thesis investigates the impact of community development initiatives in Cartersville, MS, focusing on the dental clinic, educational programs, and the economic development center established by a non-profit organization. Through the lens of community development theories, the research explores how community leadership, particularly partnerships between EverHope Ministries and Cartersville leaders, is pivotal in addressing health disparities in historically marginalized populations. By engaging …

Is Anterior Cervical Discectomy And Fusion More Expensive At Quaternary Care Centers? An Application Of Time-Driven Activity-Based Costing, Jay Trivedi, Advith Sarikonda, Adam Leibold, D. Mitchell Self, Nikolaos Mouchtouris, Steven R. Glener, Ashmal Sami, Kavantissa M. Keppetipola, Emily Isch, Joshua Pelta-Heller, Srinivas Prasad, Ashwini Sharan, James Harrop, Alex R. Vaccaro, Ahilan Sivaganesan

Department of Neurosurgery Faculty Papers

OBJECTIVE: Hospital setting is postulated to be a key driver of cost variation for neurosurgical procedures. Limitations in contemporary costing methodologies have led to the development of time-driven activity-based costing (TDABC). This study applies TDABC to anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) to compare intraoperative costs at quaternary care centers versus satellite hospitals affiliated with the same health network.

METHODS: Nine hundred and fifty-eight ACDF cases performed at two quaternary care hospitals (n = 806) and six satellite hospitals (n = 152) were reviewed. Process maps were created to map the intraoperative episode, and TDABC methodology was used to calculate …

Trade And Domestic Distortions: The Case Of Informality, Rafael Dix-Carneiro, Pinelopi Goldberg, Costas Meghir, Gabriel Ulyssea

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

We examine the effects of international trade in the presence of a set of domestic distortions giving rise to informality, a prevalent phenomenon in developing countries. In our quantitative model, the informal sector arises from burdensome taxes and regulations that are imperfectly enforced by the government. In equilibrium, smaller, less productive firms face fewer distortions than larger, more productive ones, potentially leading to substantial misallocation. We show that in settings with a large informal sector, the gains from trade are significantly amplified, as reductions in trade barriers imply a reallocation of resources from initially less distorted to more distorted firms. …

How Employers Shape The Earnings Gap Between Mothers And Fathers, Rebecca Jack, Daniel Tannenbaum, Brendan Timpe

Employment Research Newsletter

No abstract provided.

How College Affordability Has Changed For Different Families, Peter Hinrichs

Employment Research Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Chaper 4, Critical Comments On Neoricardian And Neoclassical Arguments, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

• Document titled "Chapter 4: Critical Comments on some Neoricardian & neoclassical argument"

• Presents critiques of Neoricardian economics including redundancy, inconsistency, primacy, and choice of technique arguments (Section 4.1)

• Includes a critique of the neoclassical production function, referred to as the "Humbug Production Function" (Section 4.2)

• Contains associated figures and explanatory footnotes

Random Notes, Articles From 90 To 92, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Handwritten notes titled "Trade Paper" (April 25, 1994)

• Handwritten notes titled "Law of the Price & the Theory of the XR" (February 5, 1990)

• Computer printout showing regression results for Germany/US, Canada/US, Japan/US, and UK/US

• Duplicate of the above computer printout showing regression results

• Graph titled "FIGURE 1: GERMANY/US, lnpi' and fitted value"

• Graph titled "FIGURE 2: CANADA/US, lnpi' and fitted value"

• Graph titled "FIGURE 3: JAPAN/US, lnpi' and fitted value"

• Graph titled "FIGURE 4: UK/US, lnpi' and fitted value"

• Handwritten notes titled "Marxian XR Theory in Index No. Form" (February 26, 1986)

• Handwritten notes titled "A …

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Xr Theory And Regressions, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Handwritten notes titled "Absolute Advantage & Comp Advantage" (March 24, 1982)

• Handwritten notes titled "XR Theory of Financial Invest[ment]" (December 25, 1989)

• Handwritten notes titled "XR Article" (May 1, 1981)

• Graphs with annotations showing exchange rates (Nominal Effective XR, Real Effective XR, Bilateral Nominal XR's) for US, Germany, and Japan (February 18, 1990)

• Duplicate set of graphs showing exchange rates for US, Germany, and Japan with annotations (February 18, 1990)

• References section titled "COMPETITION AND EXCHANGE RATES: THEORY AND EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE"

• Handwritten notes titled "XR Theory & Effective XRs" (February 28, 1990)

• Handwritten notes on the law …

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The Ethics Of Insider Trading, Miles Morgan

Global Tides

In business ethics, insider trading has gone untouched by scholars, as the consensus is that insider trading is morally indefensible, however, questions have emerged regarding the moral responsibility of insiders. This paper engages with Analyzing Insider Trading from the Perspectives of Utilitarian Ethics and Rights Theory by Robert McGee to evaluate the relationship between applied ethics and insider trading. A satisfactory anti-insider trading account must be able to economically or philosophically explain why insider trading is morally wrong. The assumption that this is impossible may be due to a misunderstanding of how we decide what morality is or how economic …

Essays On Macroeconomic Frictions And Policy, Siyu Chen

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Information, Production Networks and Optimal Taxation: This paper studies optimal taxation in an economy with information frictions and a production network across industries. I show that when all industries share the same information structure, production efficiency holds and optimal policy features no taxes on intermediate goods. Deviating from this benchmark, I characterize the optimal policy when information structure is heterogeneous across industries: The government optimally imposes higher revenue taxes on industries during economic downturns if: (i) these industries exhibit greater information rigidity, (ii) their downstream industries display less information rigidity, and (iii) their input goods are also utilized by less …

Recent U.S. Government Policy Literature On Critical And Strategic Minerals, Bert Chapman

Libraries Faculty and Staff Scholarship and Research

Critical and strategic minerals have become increasingly important in U.S. government civilian and military policymaking in recent years. This is demonstrated by the heavy use of such minerals in many critical civilian and military infrastructures. This work will discuss how this subject has been addressed in laws, presidential documents, and works by government agencies along with congressional oversight committees and support agencies. It will stress how the United States is heavily dependent on strategic minerals from adversarial foreign countries such as China and will examine U.S. efforts to increase its ability to produce such materials in the United States by …

Fatigue, Recovery, And The Economics Of Remote Work, María Sáez Martí

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

I propose a model in which workers experience fatigue over time and can restore productivity by taking breaks. Optimal schedules feature evenly spaced, full-recovery breaks; when breaks are costless, they should occur frequently, but switching costs make the optimal number finite. The model is embedded in a principal-agent framework with contractual frictions. When employers control the schedule, workers overwork; when workers self-manage, they overrest. Both lead to inefficiencies. These results shed light on the trade-offs in remote work arrangements, especially following COVID-19. The analysis highlights how control rights, incentive design, and recovery constraints interact—and why neither rigid supervision nor full …