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Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Anti-Union Regulation And The Opioid Crisis, Kelly Chen, Samia Islam Oct 2025

Anti-Union Regulation And The Opioid Crisis, Kelly Chen, Samia Islam

Economics Faculty Publications and Presentations

Existing literature provides ample evidence of the detrimental impact of de-unionization on various determinants of individual health. However, there is a lack of direct empirical research linking de-unionization to objective health outcomes. By leveraging the differential timing of Right-to-Work law implementation across four states in the United States, we quantify the role of union presence in opioid misuse. Using a synthetic control method, our analysis reveals a persistent decline in unionization rates in the affected states within 4-6 years of RTW enactment. This reduction precipitated a considerable increase in both nonfatal and fatal overdoses, as measured by opioid-related treatment admissions …

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Technical Appendix: Analysis Of Innovation Applications And Value Driven By Aigc Technology—An Early Investment Perspective In The Chinese Market, Siyuan Ma, Mengyu Wang, Tianyi Zhang Oct 2025

Technical Appendix: Analysis Of Innovation Applications And Value Driven By Aigc Technology—An Early Investment Perspective In The Chinese Market, Siyuan Ma, Mengyu Wang, Tianyi Zhang

Sim Kee Boon Institute for Financial Economics

Following the introduction of generative AI/AIGC concepts and applications, it is necessary to clarify two related technical concepts: machine vision (CV) and convolutional neural networks (CNN). Computer Vision (CV) is a discipline that studies how to convert inputs such as images, sounds, and videos into a language that computers can understand. Taking 2D images as an example, all images can be broken down into very small pixels, each of which can be converted into a number (based on grayscale) or a combination of numbers. The number represented by each pixel is the feature of that pixel, and combining these numbers …

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Coarse Salary-Setting And Behavioral Teams, Chengyuan Hua Oct 2025

Coarse Salary-Setting And Behavioral Teams, Chengyuan Hua

Economics Faculty Working Papers Series

Among National Hockey League (NHL) player contracts signed in 2011-24, over 38% are divisible by $100,000. This paper shows that the bunching of NHL contracts at round numbers is partly driven by team coarse wage-setting. I first show that teams with more coarse contracts have worse team performance. Then, my empirical results validate two model predictions derived from a wage-setting model in which optimization costs lead to the adoption of rounded wages. With a novel measure of management quality, I document a negative relationship between management quality and coarse salary-setting. Next, I find that coarse salary-setting is associated with higher …

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Do Financial Concerns Make Workers Less Productive?, Dua Khowaja Oct 2025

Do Financial Concerns Make Workers Less Productive?, Dua Khowaja

2025 Fall Honors Capstones Projects - Archive

Financial stress does not just affect people’s finances; it can change the way individuals behave. This project asks whether short-term financial difficulty damages worker performance or if alleviating it improves focus and accuracy. Using data from a field experiment in rural India, this study examine how labor payment timing variability is related to workers' productivity and error rates. The study randomized payment dates across a sample of employees, so that employees paid early can be compared to employees paid on standard or later dates. It investigates whether subsidy of payments relieves stress and enhances task performance by minimizing stress, enhancing …

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Evaluating The “What’S Up Down South” Economic Summit: Accelerating Growth And Expanding Impact, Paul A. Hill Oct 2025

Evaluating The “What’S Up Down South” Economic Summit: Accelerating Growth And Expanding Impact, Paul A. Hill

Outcomes and Impact Quarterly

This study evaluates the effectiveness of the 2025 What’s Up Down South economic summit, a platform for regional economic development. Data were collected through an online exit survey with a 30% response rate (n = 176), incorporating quantitative ratings and open-ended feedback to assess learning outcomes and program quality. The evaluation examined attendees’ perceptions of keynote and breakout sessions, overall satisfaction, and suggestions for improving the event. Findings indicate that the summit delivered valuable economic insights and programming while citing opportunities to improve speaker diversity, event logistics, and data collection. These insights will guide future planning to sustain the summit’s …

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Breaking Up Or Bound Together? Unraveling Us-China Economic Interdependence, Vinh Huynh, Guangjun Qu Oct 2025

Breaking Up Or Bound Together? Unraveling Us-China Economic Interdependence, Vinh Huynh, Guangjun Qu

Annual Student Research Poster Session

This study investigates the extent to which the U.S.-China trade war has altered bilateral trade flows and economic interdependence between the two largest economies in the world. The question at the heart of this research is whether the two countries have truly begun to “decouple” or whether they remain deeply interconnected despite political and economic tensions. Drawing on U.S. and Chinese trade data from multiple official sources, we examine both the scale and persistence of trade disruptions over time. Our analysis extends beyond the pre-pandemic years to include 2020 through 2024, allowing us to distinguish between the trade war’s temporary …

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Entrepreneurship Over The Business Cycle, Ryan Rudderham, Miyu Aoki Oct 2025

Entrepreneurship Over The Business Cycle, Ryan Rudderham, Miyu Aoki

Annual Student Research Poster Session

During economic recessions, individuals face a challenging decision: whether to seek traditional employment or start their own business. While recessions are a poor time for entrepreneurship due to reduced consumer spending and business productivity, these periods also feature high unemployment, which makes finding wage work difficult. This project developed a theoretical framework to study entrepreneurship over the business cycle by introducing labor market frictions, creating a tractable yet realistic structure for occupational choice. Traditional macroeconomic models struggle to capture entrepreneurial decision-making across business cycles. As such, this project looked at labor market frictions in building a theoretical framework. Over the …

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Aging In America: Implications For Family Resource Management, Becky Smith, Portia Johnson, Brandan Wheeler, D E Kiss, Ann A. Berry Oct 2025

Aging In America: Implications For Family Resource Management, Becky Smith, Portia Johnson, Brandan Wheeler, D E Kiss, Ann A. Berry

Journal of Human Sciences and Extension

The Stanford Center on Longevity reports life expectancy has surged over the last 120 years. Unfortunately, living longer may not equate to living with a higher quality of life without considering the amount, type, and uses of all resources available to individuals and families as they age. Family Resource Management (FRM) is the science and art of how individuals and families make decisions to develop and allocate resources, including money, time, energy, space, material, and health assets, and networks of support to meet their goals. Living longer means making more decisions and developing and allocating more resources to enhance the …

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Daily Consumption Smoothing? New Evidence From A Payment Diary, Shaun Gilyard, Scott Schuh Oct 2025

Daily Consumption Smoothing? New Evidence From A Payment Diary, Shaun Gilyard, Scott Schuh

Economics Faculty Working Papers Series

This paper shows that consumption and income data in the Diary of Consumer Payment Choice (DCPC) cover high percentages of U.S. data, forecast well in real time, and replicate the literature’s estimation and general rejection of PIH models with time aggregated data. Novel estimates reveal evidence of daily consumption smoothing after accounting for three features of daily data: 1) discrepancy between consumption and expenditures (e.g., bill payments); 2) discrete daily expenditures and income; and 3) asynchronous consumption and income. Convenience samples used in the literature appear to reflect selection effects related to payment choices (cash or mobile) that affect model …

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‘Invest!’: Liberty Bonds And Stock Ownership Over The Twentieth Century, Gillian Brunet, Eric Hilt, Matthew Jaremski Oct 2025

‘Invest!’: Liberty Bonds And Stock Ownership Over The Twentieth Century, Gillian Brunet, Eric Hilt, Matthew Jaremski

Economics: Faculty Publications

The Liberty Bond drives of World War I were nation-wide interventions aimed at increasing financial literacy and associating bond ownership with patriotism. Using data from the first year of the Survey of Consumer Finances, 1947, through 1971, we investigate whether exposure to the drives shaped investing behavior over the long run. We find that households residing in counties that had high Liberty Bond participation had greater stock and bond ownership rates in later decades, and held more favorable opinions towards retirement saving and stock investment. These effects are present only among cohorts actually exposed to the bond drives, and not …

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Educational Pathways In East Texas: The Smartest Decisions, Manuel Reyes-Loya, Cecilia Cuellar, Sara Maldonado Oct 2025

Educational Pathways In East Texas: The Smartest Decisions, Manuel Reyes-Loya, Cecilia Cuellar, Sara Maldonado

Hibbs Brief

This Hibbs Brief examines how educational pathways affect careers and earnings in East Texas. It finds that bachelor's degrees generally lead to higher lifetime earnings, while associate degrees and certificates provide quicker, more affordable routes into in-demand jobs. East Texas trails state and national averages in degree attainment, which may limit economic growth. The brief emphasizes that choosing the right educational path depends on personal goals and local labor market needs.

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**Human Capital Migration And International Trade: A Comparative Case Study Of Germany And Austria, 2000 To 2024**, Jahnvi Jha Oct 2025

**Human Capital Migration And International Trade: A Comparative Case Study Of Germany And Austria, 2000 To 2024**, Jahnvi Jha

2025 Fall Honors Capstones Projects - Archive

This study examines migration of people and international trade in Germany and Austria between 2000 and 2024. Both countries saw sharp rises in immigrant populations, with foreign-born residents reaching 18 percent in Germany and 22 percent in Austria, while their exports grew to record levels. The research explores whether human capital migration like workers bringing skills, education, and networks has complemented or substituted trade. Evidence shows migration often reduces barriers to commerce by creating trust, demand for home-country goods, and professional connections. Skilled workers in high-tech industries further boost export capacity. Contrary to fears that migrants might weaken competitiveness, the …

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Robust Contracting Under Distributional Uncertainty, Jiangtao Li, Kexin Wang Oct 2025

Robust Contracting Under Distributional Uncertainty, Jiangtao Li, Kexin Wang

Research Collection School of Economics

We study contract design when the principal has limited information about the output distributions induced by the agent's actions. In a baseline model where only the means are known, we show that increasing affine contracts are robustly optimal. The mean restrictions accommodate a wide range of output distributions, including extreme cases that help establish this optimality. We then extend the analysis to environments with additional constraints on the distributions. Our main result shows that the robust optimality of increasing affine contracts persists even when the principal knows more—for example, that each action induces a distribution with full support.

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Borderplex Business Barometer, Volume 9, Number 10, Thomas M. Fullerton Jr., Steven L. Fullerton Oct 2025

Borderplex Business Barometer, Volume 9, Number 10, Thomas M. Fullerton Jr., Steven L. Fullerton

Border Region Modeling Project

No abstract provided.

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Pandemic-Driven Healthcare Disruptions And Their Disproportionate Impact On Patients With Diabetes: Evidence From Texas, Meryem Saygili, Gultekin Gollu, Zehra Tekin Oct 2025

Pandemic-Driven Healthcare Disruptions And Their Disproportionate Impact On Patients With Diabetes: Evidence From Texas, Meryem Saygili, Gultekin Gollu, Zehra Tekin

Economics Faculty Publications and Presentations

Background: Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) is a life-threatening complication of uncontrolled diabetes. The COVID-19 pandemic may have increased DKA incidences and worsened outcomes both through the potential diabetogenic effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection (direct effect) and through pandemic-related disruptions in healthcare (indirect effects,) including delays in seeking or receiving care, reduced access to routine outpatient services, and strains on hospital capacity. The objective of this study is to examine changes in the frequency and outcomes of hospitalizations with DKA in Texas hospitals following the COVID-19 pandemic and to quantify the contributions of pandemic-related healthcare disruptions and SARS-CoV-2 infection. Comparisons to patients with …

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In The Hull Of The Uss Disregard: An Analysis Of Secretary Of State Cordell Hull’S Execution Of Foreign Policy In East Asia And The Precipitation Of Armed Conflict Between Japan And The United States, Eric B. Hawkins Oct 2025

In The Hull Of The Uss Disregard: An Analysis Of Secretary Of State Cordell Hull’S Execution Of Foreign Policy In East Asia And The Precipitation Of Armed Conflict Between Japan And The United States, Eric B. Hawkins

Theses

The political career of Cordell Hull was motivated primarily by trade policy and the courting of Central America through the negotiation of reciprocal trade treaties that helped stabilize, for the most part, the entire Western Hemisphere. He was an obvious choice for Roosevelt’s cabinet to address economic instability. But why was he chosen for Secretary of State? The Open Door Policy, adopted by many Western nations in East Asia during the early 20th century, was a petri dish primed for the growth of political strife and international conflict. With the warnings from Hull’s predecessor, Henry Stimson, placed on the back …

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Alfred Russel Wallace Notes 38. Alfred Russel Wallace's "Revolt Of Democracy": A Critical Analysis Of Early 20th Century Labor Theory And Its Contemporary Relevance, James Williams, Charles H. Smith Editor Oct 2025

Alfred Russel Wallace Notes 38. Alfred Russel Wallace's "Revolt Of Democracy": A Critical Analysis Of Early 20th Century Labor Theory And Its Contemporary Relevance, James Williams, Charles H. Smith Editor

Faculty/Staff Personal Papers

This article examines Alfred Russel Wallace’s political treatise The Revolt of Democracy (1913), analyzing his theoretical framework for addressing labor unrest and economic inequality in early 20th-century Britain. Wallace's work presents a comprehensive critique of competitive capitalism and proposes systematic government intervention to address structural poverty. Through close textual analysis and comparison with contemporary UK labor conditions, this study evaluates the enduring relevance of Wallace's economic theories and policy prescriptions. The analysis reveals significant continuities between early 20th-century and contemporary debates about living wages, government employment standards, and wealth redistribution, while highlighting both the prescience and limitations of Wallace’s analytical …

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Edgeworth Expansions In Curved Cross Section Autoregression, Peter C.B. Phillips Oct 2025

Edgeworth Expansions In Curved Cross Section Autoregression, Peter C.B. Phillips

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

Edgeworth expansions are developed for the finite sample distribution of the least squares estimator in a time series parametric first order autoregression with Hilbert space curves of cross section data. The main result extends to this functional data environment the Edgeworth expansion in the corresponding scalar time series AR(1). In doing so, the results show how function-valued cross section data, and hence general forms of cross section dependence, affect the finite sample distribution of the serial correlation coefficient. Autoregressions with functional fixed effect intercepts are included and the results therefore relate to dynamic panel autoregression with individual effects. The primary …

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What Can Trends In Emergency Department Visits Tell Us About Child Mental Health?, Han Choi, Adriana Corredor-Waldron, Janet Currie, Chris Felton Oct 2025

What Can Trends In Emergency Department Visits Tell Us About Child Mental Health?, Han Choi, Adriana Corredor-Waldron, Janet Currie, Chris Felton

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

Increases in mental health diagnoses and suicidal behaviors in Emergency Departments are often cited as evidence of an accelerating child mental health crisis. We ask whether trends in ED visits provide an accurate picture of changes in U.S. child mental health. These measures have been profoundly affected by changing conventions about screening, defining, and coding of mental illness. We conclude that child mental health has been deteriorating, but not by the startling magnitudes suggested by jumps and trends in some measures such as suicidal ideation. Although reported suicidal behaviors rose 228% from 2006–2021, the true rise in mental health disorders …

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The Economic Impact Of The Soda City Market In Columbia, Sc, Sarah E. Lillard Oct 2025

The Economic Impact Of The Soda City Market In Columbia, Sc, Sarah E. Lillard

Senior Theses

This study examines the role of Soda City Market in the economic and social revitalization of Columbia, South Carolina’s Main Street district. Since relocating downtown in 2012, the market has evolved from a small farmers market into a major cultural and entrepreneurial hub attracting more than 300,000 visitors annually. To evaluate its impact, the study integrates two primary methods: a vendor survey capturing business characteristics and an IMPLAN input–output model estimating the market’s economic effects within Richland County. Survey results from 25 vendors reveal a diverse and culturally representative business community in which Soda City serves as both an incubator …

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Weak Identification Of Long Memory With Implications For Volatility Modeling;, Jia Li, Peter C. B. Phillips, Shuping Shi, Jun Yu Oct 2025

Weak Identification Of Long Memory With Implications For Volatility Modeling;, Jia Li, Peter C. B. Phillips, Shuping Shi, Jun Yu

Research Collection School Of Economics

This paper explores implications of weak identification in common ‘long memory’ and recent ‘rough’ approaches to modeling volatility dynamics of financial assets. We unveil an asymptotic near-observational equivalence between a long memory model with weak autoregressive dynamics and a rough model with a near-unit autoregressive root. Standard methods struggle to distinguish them, and conventional asymptotics are invalid. We propose an identification-robust approach to construct confidence sets that reveal the uncertainty and aid inference. Empirical studies based on realized volatility and trading volume often fail to statistically reject either model, thereby providing evidence of their potential coexistence.

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Unpacking Singapore's Leasehold Relativity Table: An Empirical And Legal Analysis, Koon Shing Kwong, Jing Rong Goh, Seng Wei, Edward Ti Oct 2025

Unpacking Singapore's Leasehold Relativity Table: An Empirical And Legal Analysis, Koon Shing Kwong, Jing Rong Goh, Seng Wei, Edward Ti

Research Collection School Of Economics

In Singapore, most land is state-owned, with the state generally issuing leasehold estates via state leases of not more than 99 years1, depending on the intended land use. Naturally, the value of a leasehold estate, which erodes over time as the lease approaches the end of its term, is a key component of the premium charged for lease renewals, or the tax imposed for permission given in relation to a development that would increase the value of the land. By law, the state valuation of leasehold land is prescribed by a leasehold relativity table colloquially known as ‘Bala’s Curve’ or …

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The Motherhood Penalty On Health: Evidence From China, Ang Sun, Fang Xia, Xuan Zhang Oct 2025

The Motherhood Penalty On Health: Evidence From China, Ang Sun, Fang Xia, Xuan Zhang

Research Collection School Of Economics

Understanding women’s physical and mental well-being following childbirth is critical for informing policies on labor market equity, family support, and fertility. Using event study methods and panel data from China, we document a persistent motherhood penalty in both physical and mental health, whereas the health impacts on fathers are minimal. While mothers experience a temporary reduction in paid work hours, they face a sustained increase in unpaid domestic labor — housework and childcare — resulting in a net increase in total work time. This additional workload likely contributes to deterioration in health. Mothers are also more likely to engage in …

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Product Technology Adoption And Aggregate Innovation, Qiugu He, Xuan Luo, Fan Zheng Oct 2025

Product Technology Adoption And Aggregate Innovation, Qiugu He, Xuan Luo, Fan Zheng

Research Collection School Of Economics

We document that a firm's research and development (R&D) expenditure depends on its product diversity. Combining with the fact that Chinese manufacturers often enter new product markets via technology adoption, we develop a quantitative framework of innovation and technology adoption, allowing firms to expand their product scopes. Firms adopt technologies across multiple fields to expand their knowledge base, which in turn serves as an input for subsequent innovation or adoption. Counterfactual analysis from the 2000s reveals that two-thirds of knowledge privately held by all firms is generated through adoption, accounting for one-third of aggregate innovation.

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A Debt To Whom? The Nature Questions In Sino‑Sri Lankan Development Narratives, Orlando Woods, Kanchana Ruwanpura, Loritta Chan, Barnabas Mah Oct 2025

A Debt To Whom? The Nature Questions In Sino‑Sri Lankan Development Narratives, Orlando Woods, Kanchana Ruwanpura, Loritta Chan, Barnabas Mah

Research Collection College of Integrative Studies

This chapter critically examines dominant narratives around Sri Lanka’s debt and development in the context of Sino‑Sri Lankan relations and the Belt and Road Initiative, questioning assumptions about “debt‑trap” explanations and highlighting how narratives about development, nature and agency shape understanding of the country’s economic and ecological futures.

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The Impact Of A Vocational Training ‘Plus’ Programme On Employment And Income, Abu S. Shonchoy, Tomoki Fujii, Selim. Raihan Oct 2025

The Impact Of A Vocational Training ‘Plus’ Programme On Employment And Income, Abu S. Shonchoy, Tomoki Fujii, Selim. Raihan

Research Collection School Of Economics

Following a Randomised Controlled Trial in Northern Bangladesh, this study explores the barriers to rural youth migration to urban employment hubs. By implementing a vocational training “plus” programme facilitating apparel sector employment, the study revealed significant and persistent effects of the programme on income and employment, primarily due to the addition of a stipend and on-the-job training components. Treated participants experienced significant income and remittance increases, alongside reduced income poverty, attributed to the lower job search costs and job–fit risks. Notably, the on-the-job paid apprenticeship offered a benefit–cost ratio of 8.85, demonstrating its cost-effectiveness for programme scalability.

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Short-Term Mortality And Healthcare Utilization Consequences Of Pension Income Receipt: Evidence From South Korea, Mimi Jeon, Seonghoon Kim, Kanghyock Koh Oct 2025

Short-Term Mortality And Healthcare Utilization Consequences Of Pension Income Receipt: Evidence From South Korea, Mimi Jeon, Seonghoon Kim, Kanghyock Koh

Research Collection School Of Economics

We examine short-term consequences of pension income receipt on mortality and healthcare utilization within the monthly payment cycle. Using the national death registry data of South Korea, we document that the mortality rate decreases by 1.2–1.4 percent in the week of the disbursement date. The mortality-reducing effects are larger for causes of death that could have been avoided through timely and effective healthcare interventions. Using healthcare claims data, we document that the number of hospital admissions increases during the disbursement week. We provide suggestive evidence of greater mortality-reducing effects from a smaller but more frequent disbursement than from a monthly …

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Message In A Bottleneck: Supply Chain Disruptions And Manufacturing Output In The United States, Raja N. Kali, Gu K. Jingping, Erica J. Neuyou Oct 2025

Message In A Bottleneck: Supply Chain Disruptions And Manufacturing Output In The United States, Raja N. Kali, Gu K. Jingping, Erica J. Neuyou

Economics Faculty Publications and Presentations

We examine the effect of container shipping disruptions on US manufacturing output before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. We augment maritime trade with a global production network model, where the reliability of container logistics is critical for the on-time and full availability of inputs and the delivery of output to foreign markets. We combine a US container shipping reliability dataset with input-output and trade data to construct a novel supply chain disruption index that captures the integration of upstream and downstream linkages of the US manufacturing sector into the global supply chain. Our findings suggest that a one-unit shock leads …

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Montana Folk Festival 2025, Butte, Montana, Rachel Baer, Ava Worbets, Kika Bradford Oct 2025

Montana Folk Festival 2025, Butte, Montana, Rachel Baer, Ava Worbets, Kika Bradford

Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research Publications

This study was conducted for the Montana Folk Festival to provide insight into the characteristics of attendees of the 2025 Montana Folk Festival. 968 attendees from the event completed the survey. Results show that 80% of respondents were residents of Montana, of which 37% were from Butte-Silver Bow County. Out-of-county respondents spent an average of 4.5 nights in Montana, reporting a total spending of $263,194.25, mostly in hotel/motel/bed and breakfasts and restaurants/bars. Results provide event organizers with useful data for future event planning, making improvements to the event, event marketing/promotion, and understanding the visitor spending associated with the event.

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Montana Resident Report: Consumer Confidence And Expectations For Income, Travel, And Recreation Over The Next 12 Months, Q2 2025, Carter Bermingham, Megan Schultz Oct 2025

Montana Resident Report: Consumer Confidence And Expectations For Income, Travel, And Recreation Over The Next 12 Months, Q2 2025, Carter Bermingham, Megan Schultz

Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research Publications

This report is a summary of Montana residents and their expectations related to spending, personal income, travel, and recreation over the next 12 months. ITRR conducted similar studies in 2019 and 2022, with this current effort aimed at continuing a long-term study to track consumer sentiment over time.

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