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Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Experiential Learning In The Jesuit Business School Context: The Agbl Program, Nicholas J. C. Santos, Heather Kohls, Jennifer S. Maney Sep 2020

Experiential Learning In The Jesuit Business School Context: The Agbl Program, Nicholas J. C. Santos, Heather Kohls, Jennifer S. Maney

Economics Faculty Research and Publications

In an attempt to engage Jesuit business school students in transformational learning, Marquette University offers the Applied Global Business Learning (AGBL) Program. This program embodies the Ignatian pedagogy paradigm of helping students gain an understanding of a business need in a different part of the world, engages them in action, and has them reflect on and evaluate the experience as it relates to how they take the experience to change the world. This paper discusses the program’s relation to the Jesuit tradition, the history of the program including where students go and what they do, the impact on student learning, …

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Rhode Island Current Conditions Index -- September 2020, Leonard Lardaro Sep 2020

Rhode Island Current Conditions Index -- September 2020, Leonard Lardaro

The Rhode Island Current Conditions Index

No abstract provided.

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Providing Child Care, Christine Ho, Sunha Myong Sep 2020

Providing Child Care, Christine Ho, Sunha Myong

Research Collection School Of Economics

Women’s economic empowerment has been hailed as one of the most remarkable revolutions in the past 50 years (Dunlop, 2010). Access to affordable childcare is one of the key determinants of fertility and maternal employment, with grandparents and governments often stepping up to provide much needed support to families. This chapter proposes a synthesis of the state of knowledge on child care and discusses policy relevant issues applicable to the Singapore context. Selected policies are documented and lessons from the international landscape are discussed. The chapter discusses how child care costs may affect fertility and maternal labour supply in Section …

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The Quest For Greener Pastures: Evaluating The Livelihoods Impacts Of Providing Vegetation Condition Maps To Pastoralists In Eastern Africa, Elia Machado, Helene Purcell, Andrew M. Simons, Stephanie Swinehart Sep 2020

The Quest For Greener Pastures: Evaluating The Livelihoods Impacts Of Providing Vegetation Condition Maps To Pastoralists In Eastern Africa, Elia Machado, Helene Purcell, Andrew M. Simons, Stephanie Swinehart

Publications and Research

The survival of millions of pastoral households in Eastern Africa has become increasingly at risk. Due to mounting socioeconomic and climatic stressors, pastoral households are faced with making migration decisions under increasing uncertainty about resource availability and limited coping strategies. We assess the potential of providing vegetation condition maps to support the migration decision of pastoralists in Ethiopia and Tanzania and the effect of map usage on their herd condition and size. The maps were generated from remotely sensed data using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) as a proxy for vegetation condition and overlain with pastoralists’ preferred grazing areas. …

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Some Basics Of Capitalism And Socialism And Implications For Human Liberty, Morality, And Fairness, John Garen Sep 2020

Some Basics Of Capitalism And Socialism And Implications For Human Liberty, Morality, And Fairness, John Garen

Institute for the Study of Free Enterprise Working Papers

This essay outlines the big-picture aspects of capitalism and socialism, and uses this overview to discuss human liberty and economic liberty in each system. Additionally, I note that some have argued that capitalism is unfair or immoral and so I consider three specific and common moral standards in this regard. They are: (i) “From each according to his ability, to each according to his needs;” (ii) “People should get what they earn;” and (iii) “’Agreement without conformity’ or ‘conformity without agreement.’” Capitalism is centered on individual rights and private ownership, while socialism awards decision-making powers to government. The former is …

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Multiplex Network Ties And The Spatial Diffusion Of Radical Innovations: Martin Luther’S Leadership In The Early Reformation, Sascha O. Becker, Yuan Hsiao, Steven Pfaff, Jared Rubin Sep 2020

Multiplex Network Ties And The Spatial Diffusion Of Radical Innovations: Martin Luther’S Leadership In The Early Reformation, Sascha O. Becker, Yuan Hsiao, Steven Pfaff, Jared Rubin

ESI Publications

This article analyzes Martin Luther’s role in spreading the early Reformation, one of the most important episodes of radical institutional change in the last millennium. We argue that social relations played a key role in its diffusion because the spread of heterodox ideologies and their eventual institutionalization relied not only on private “infection” through exposure to innovation but also on active conversion and promotion of that new faith through personal ties. We conceive of that process as leader-to-follower directional influence originating with Luther and flowing to local elites through personal ties. Based on novel data on Luther’s correspondence, Luther’s visits, …

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Do Short Sellers Use Textual Information? Evidence From Annual Reports, Hung Wan Kot, Frank Weikai Li, Ming Liu, K.C. John Wei Sep 2020

Do Short Sellers Use Textual Information? Evidence From Annual Reports, Hung Wan Kot, Frank Weikai Li, Ming Liu, K.C. John Wei

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

We examine short-sellers’ use of textual information in annual reports for shorting activities. We find that more uncertainty and negative words in annual reports are associated with greater abnormal shorting volume. Short selling motivated by textual information negatively predicts stock price reaction around the filing date of 10-K reports. We further provide some evidence that textual information used by short-sellers are related to revisions of analysts’ earnings forecasts, changes in firm fundamentals, and increasing crash risk subsequently. Our results suggest that textual information in annual reports forms an important part of short-sellers’ information advantage.

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The Economic Impact Of Covid-19: Rebuilding The Las Vegas Economy, Jaewon Lim Sep 2020

The Economic Impact Of Covid-19: Rebuilding The Las Vegas Economy, Jaewon Lim

Policy Briefs and Reports

This study analyzes the recent trends of monthly visitors to the Las Vegas-ParadiseHenderson, NV metropolitan statistical area (MSA) for the first five months of 2020. In addition, six scenarios for the seven-month period of June through December 2020 estimate the net loss of visitors to Southern Nevada and the impact for the state economy in terms of employment, income, the total value added (contribution to Gross State Product), output sales, and state and local tax revenues. The counter-factual scenario – projecting the regional economy if no COVID-19 outbreak occurred – serves as a baseline scenario that allows measurement of the …

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Chess As A Testing Grounds For The Oracle Approach To Ai Safety, James Miller, Roman V. Yampolskiy, Olle Häggström, Stuart Armstrong Sep 2020

Chess As A Testing Grounds For The Oracle Approach To Ai Safety, James Miller, Roman V. Yampolskiy, Olle Häggström, Stuart Armstrong

Economics: Faculty Publications

To reduce the danger of powerful super-intelligent AIs, we might make the first such AIs oracles that can only send and receive messages. This paper proposes a possibly practical means of using machine learning to create two classes of narrow AI oracles that would provide chess advice: those aligned with the player's interest, and those that want the player to lose and give deceptively bad advice. The player would be uncertain which type of oracle it was interacting with. As the oracles would be vastly more intelligent than the player in the domain of chess, experience with these oracles might …

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The Impact Of The Aca Medicaid Expansion On Disability Program Applications, Lucie Schmidt, Lara D. Shore-Sheppard, Tara Watson Sep 2020

The Impact Of The Aca Medicaid Expansion On Disability Program Applications, Lucie Schmidt, Lara D. Shore-Sheppard, Tara Watson

Economics: Faculty Publications

The Affordable Care Act (ACA) expanded the availability of public health insurance, decreasing the relative benefit of participating in disability programs but also lowering the cost of exiting the labor market to apply for disability benefits. In this paper, we explore the impact of expanded access to Medicaid through the ACA on applications to the Supplemental Security Income (SSI) and Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) programs. Using the fact that the Supreme Court decision of June 2012 made the Medicaid expansion optional for the states, we compare changes in county-level SSI and SSDI caseloads in contiguous county pairs across a …

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Drug-Overdose Death Rates: The Economic Misery Explanation And Its Alternatives, Barbara Blake Gonzalez, Richard Cebula, James V. Koch Sep 2020

Drug-Overdose Death Rates: The Economic Misery Explanation And Its Alternatives, Barbara Blake Gonzalez, Richard Cebula, James V. Koch

Economics Faculty Publications

‘Deaths of despair’ is the most commonly cited explanation for the 151% increase in drug-overdose deaths that occurred in the USA between 2010 and 2018. We use panel data describing 84 Virginia cities and counties to assess the validity of the deaths of despair hypothesis and alternate explanations that focus on disability rates, travel time to work, urban vs. rural location, educational attainment, racial and ethnic characteristics, the influence of other health conditions such as obesity, and supply-side factors that include pill availability and pharmacy market shares. We find deaths of despair to be only a partial explanation for the …

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Tahap Kemiskinan Masyarakat Orang Asli Melalui Pendekatan Model Kemiskinan Multidimensi Di Malaysia: Kajian Kes Di Terengganu, Abdullah Muhammad Fuad Sep 2020

Tahap Kemiskinan Masyarakat Orang Asli Melalui Pendekatan Model Kemiskinan Multidimensi Di Malaysia: Kajian Kes Di Terengganu, Abdullah Muhammad Fuad

Student Works (2020-2029)

Kemiskinan dan ketidakseimbangan sosioekonomi merupakan suatu fenomena global yang perlu ditangani dalam menjadikan Malaysia sebagai sebuah negara maju. Namun begitu, pengukuran kemiskinan unidimensi (pendapatan atau perbelanjaan) melalui purata pendapatan garis kemiskinan (PGK) digunakan di Malaysia tidak menggambarkan kekurangan dan taraf hidup sebenar masyarakat. Pendekatan pengukuran kemiskinan multidimensi yang diperkenalkan oleh United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) merupakan metode yang lebih sesuai digunakan dalam mengukur kemiskinan sebenar masyarakat kerana ia melibatkan pelbagai dimensi dan indikator. Oleh yang demikian, kajian ini telah mengaplikasikan kaedah pengukuran kemiskinan multidimensi menggunakan empat dimensi dengan 17 indikator terhadap masyarakat Orang Asli di Terengganu, Malaysia. Objektif kajian ini …

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Paso Del Norte Economic Indicator Review, September, Hunt Institute For Global Competitiveness Sep 2020

Paso Del Norte Economic Indicator Review, September, Hunt Institute For Global Competitiveness

Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

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Leveraging Import Substitution For Economic Expansion: The Case Of Nigeria, Paul Ihuoma Oluikpe Sep 2020

Leveraging Import Substitution For Economic Expansion: The Case Of Nigeria, Paul Ihuoma Oluikpe

Bullion

The objective of this paper is to describe the import substitution policies of Nigeria with a historical and analytical outlook with a view to amplifying its dimensions of impact, and recommending potential options for optimizing policy and implementation. Method The methodology adopted for this paper is descriptive and historical analysis. Comparisons were drawn from various countries policies such as Chile, Brazil, Argentina, Mexico, India, South Korea, and the Philippines and outcomes are highlighted, and then extrapolated to the Nigerian context with a view to understanding the local context in the light of peer country implementation. The results from the implementation …

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Microfinance Credit And Micro Enterprise Development In The Agricultural Sub-Sector Of The Nigerian Economy, Ademola A. Adebisi Sep 2020

Microfinance Credit And Micro Enterprise Development In The Agricultural Sub-Sector Of The Nigerian Economy, Ademola A. Adebisi

Bullion

This study seeks to examine the relevance of micro financing credit loans to Agri-business in Lagos State, Nigeria - the development of Agricultural sub-sector centering the attention to the contribution of the institutions involved in the provision of these credits.It makes a critical review of the performance of microfinance institutions in Nigeria, based on a survey of the Agricultural Credit Guarantee Scheme Fund (a microfinance scheme established to boost the agricultural sub-sector of Nigeria). The study examines the scheme – the institutions involved and analyses the performance using the outreach paradigm via the mixed approach research techniques – qualitative and …

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An Adjusted Classical Model For Interest-Free Financing In Nigeria, Abdul Ibrahim, Habibu M-G Salihu Sep 2020

An Adjusted Classical Model For Interest-Free Financing In Nigeria, Abdul Ibrahim, Habibu M-G Salihu

Bullion

This paper examines an interest-free macroeconomic models by adjusting the classical model into an interest-free macroeconomic model as a basis for developing a comparative analysis. The study adopted a descriptive approach by describing the mechanics for obtaining an interest-free macroeconomic model from a prototype western model. It was observed that most Muslims in Nigeria are interested in adopting interest free financing under the western system. This is a reason for converting a western model into an interest-free model.This conversion allows policy-makers to gain useful insight in the process in transition from the western system to the Islamic system. The Islamic …

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The Role Of The Central Bank Of Nigeria Analytical Balance Sheet In Monetary Policy Implementation, Salihu Audu Sep 2020

The Role Of The Central Bank Of Nigeria Analytical Balance Sheet In Monetary Policy Implementation, Salihu Audu

Bullion

This paper examines the role of the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) analytical balance sheet in the implementation of monetary policy. The Bank currently uses a mix of both quantity-based (monetary base) and price-based (short-term interest rate) nominal anchors. However, irrespective of the targeting regime adopted, both depends on the central bank's ability to manage its balance sheet given the huge fiscal influence on banking system liquidity in Nigeria. Therefore, the paper analyses the various liquidity management operations of the CBN and their implications for the size and structure of the analytical balance sheet.

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Firm Survival Of Listed Nigerian Financial Institutions: A Consolidated Methods Approach, Sunusi Garba, Adamu M. Abubakar, Ahmad I. Mohammed, Mohammed S. Damamisau Sep 2020

Firm Survival Of Listed Nigerian Financial Institutions: A Consolidated Methods Approach, Sunusi Garba, Adamu M. Abubakar, Ahmad I. Mohammed, Mohammed S. Damamisau

Bullion

The firm's survival is regarded as an essential element usually used by the capital market participants in making vital decisions. This study examines the combined roles of bankruptcy, earnings management, and profitability in explaining a firm's survival in the listed Nigerian financial institutions. To achieve this, a descriptive research design is adopted and data were generated from databases of the listed companies in the Nigerian Stock Exchange for the period 2006 to 2015. Panel data analysis was employed in analysing collected data of the sampled 29 financial institutions in the Nigerian financial sector. The study found that most of the …

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Analysis Of The Determinants Of Money Demand In South Africa: 1990-2019, Ali Kole, Hassan N. Wali, Alhassan M. Idris, Ismail H. Sanusi Sep 2020

Analysis Of The Determinants Of Money Demand In South Africa: 1990-2019, Ali Kole, Hassan N. Wali, Alhassan M. Idris, Ismail H. Sanusi

Bullion

This study estimates real intermediate money demand (RM2) and real broad money demand (RM3) for South Africa from 1990 Q1 to 2019 Q4. The main objective of the study was to explore the relationship between money demand and its determinants in South Africa with specific emphasis on the long-run relationship and stability between RM2, RM3,and their determinants. Auto-regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bound test for cointegration model developed by Pesaran (2001) was employed. The results found that both RM2 and RM3 are cointegrated with inflation rate, interest rate, exchange rate,real GDP, and credit to the private sector in South Africa. Credit …

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Borderplex Business Barometer, Volume 4, Number 9, Thomas M. Fullerton Jr., Steven L. Fullerton, Ana Gutierrez Zubiate, Ignacio Santana Sep 2020

Borderplex Business Barometer, Volume 4, Number 9, Thomas M. Fullerton Jr., Steven L. Fullerton, Ana Gutierrez Zubiate, Ignacio Santana

Border Region Modeling Project

No abstract provided.

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The Las Vegas Medical District And The Unlv School Of Medicine: An Economic Analysis And Tax Revenue Study, Jaewon Lim, Robert E. Lang, Sabrina Wang Sep 2020

The Las Vegas Medical District And The Unlv School Of Medicine: An Economic Analysis And Tax Revenue Study, Jaewon Lim, Robert E. Lang, Sabrina Wang

Policy Briefs and Reports

In the 2011 report, “Unify, Regionalize, Diversify,” The Brookings Institution, SRI International, and Brookings Mountain West detailed Las Vegas’s experiences during and after the Great Recession, and identified the health and medical industry as a particularly potent opportunity for economic diversification – one that could improve health outcomes while also generating sustainable economic activity and high-quality jobs. The Las Vegas Metro medical industry began growing in 2006, grew during the Great Recession, and is expected to continue to grow for the next 10-year period spurred by the rapidly growing population in Southern Nevada. The establishment and launch of the UNLV …

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Institutions, Structural Policies, And Economic Development: Evaluating The Interrelationships Between Rule Spaces For Developing Countries, Jordan Pattison Sep 2020

Institutions, Structural Policies, And Economic Development: Evaluating The Interrelationships Between Rule Spaces For Developing Countries, Jordan Pattison

Student Summer Scholars Manuscripts

Research on long term economic development has consolidated around the central role of economic and political institutions. Within these institutional spaces, structural policies represent a subset of incentive structures with their own effects on economic behavior. To capture the separate effects of both institutional environments and structural policies, we construct an Institutional Index (II) and a Structural Policy Index (SPI) to evaluate their effects on income levels and short term growth rates for non-high-income states. This paper finds that both the II and SPI predict variations in income levels between non-high-income states, with the II producing a larger and more …

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Monetary Policy And Systemic Risk-Taking In The Euro Area Banking Sector, Alain Kabundi, Francisco Nadal-De Simone Sep 2020

Monetary Policy And Systemic Risk-Taking In The Euro Area Banking Sector, Alain Kabundi, Francisco Nadal-De Simone

WCBT Faculty Publications

Available empirical evidence on the significance of the (micro) risk-taking channel of monetary policy is not enough to indicate a threat to financial stability. Evidence of risk-taking with systemic risk implications is necessary. Statistical measures that capture systemic risk in all its forms within a structural factor-augmented vector autoregressive model suggest that conventional and unconventional monetary policies have resulted in systemic risk-taking in the euro area banking sector. Systemic risk has taken the form of an increase in the banking sector’s vulnerability via contagion and interconnectedness. Banks’ balance sheets, however, do not account for the full transmission from (micro) risk …

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Trade And Health Linkages: A Global Panel Data Analysis Using The Gravity Model, Pallavi Panda Sep 2020

Trade And Health Linkages: A Global Panel Data Analysis Using The Gravity Model, Pallavi Panda

School of Business

This paper provides empirical evidence on the effect of trade openness on child health using the data from 171 countries between the mid-1990s to mid-2000s. Using an instrumental variable approach with a geographic gravity model framework, this study finds that a 1% increase in openness leads to a 0.2% decrease in infant mortality rates across countries, which at the sample mean is about 8 infant deaths per 1000 live births. The result is robust to country-specific time-invariant heterogeneity as well as outliers. The main channels of operation seem to be through increasing incomes, increasing health expenditures, and decreasing inequality.

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Menu-Dependent Food Choices And Food Waste, Hongxing Liu, Joaquín Gómez-Miñambres, Danyi Qi Sep 2020

Menu-Dependent Food Choices And Food Waste, Hongxing Liu, Joaquín Gómez-Miñambres, Danyi Qi

ESI Working Papers

We use a combination of randomized field experiments and online surveys to test how the menu design affects food choices and food waste. In our field experiment, participants face one of two menus: a narrow menu that only displays a small portion of food, or a broad menu that also contains bigger portions. While all options are equally available in both menus, they differ in how easy and fast the different choices can be made. Our results show that, compared to the broad menu, participants in the narrow menu ordered smaller portions of food. Importantly, food intake was similar across …

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Role Of The Botoh As Political Brokers And Gamblers During The Tulungagung Local Election Of 2018, Mohammad Darry Abiyyu Sep 2020

Role Of The Botoh As Political Brokers And Gamblers During The Tulungagung Local Election Of 2018, Mohammad Darry Abiyyu

Jurnal Politik

Current studies on the botoh generally focus on gambling in village-head elections (pilkades) and how its role transforms from pilkades to local elections (pilkada). However, this article defines the botoh as a political broker and gambler during the 2018 local election of Tulungagung Regency. This research found that the botoh’s way of persuading voters had a positive effect on an unfavorable candidate and helped him win. This study conducted in-depth interviews of “big” botoh, observed field operation patterns, and collected documents from related parties. The practice of gambling during pilkada is categorized into three types: ngapit, leg-leg’an, and biting. This …

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Swinging Shale: Shale Oil, Global Oil Market, And The Geopolitics Of Oil, Inwook Kim Sep 2020

Swinging Shale: Shale Oil, Global Oil Market, And The Geopolitics Of Oil, Inwook Kim

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

Is shale oil “revolutionizing” the global oil market and the geopolitics of oil? If so, how? While two aspects of the shale boom—a new source of supply and a cause for the price collapse in 2014–2015—dominate the conventional wisdom, I argue that the most revolutionary change is the least understood aspect of shale oil—shale oil producers’ rise as new swing suppliers due to its unique extraction technique and cost structure. Shale oil producers also differ from traditional swing producers in motives, contexts, and an amount of accessible excess capacity such that while shale oil lowers the medium-term price ceiling, it …

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The Optimal Degree Of Reciprocity In Tariff Reduction, Pao-Li Chang Sep 2020

The Optimal Degree Of Reciprocity In Tariff Reduction, Pao-Li Chang

Research Collection School Of Economics

This paper characterizes the optimal reciprocal trade policy in the environment of Melitz (2003) with firm productivity heterogeneity. With all the conflicting effects of import tariffs on welfare considered, the optimal degree of reciprocity in multilateral tariff reduction is shown to be free trade.

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Universal Minimum Wage Is Not Suitable For Singapore, Zhengxiao Wu Sep 2020

Universal Minimum Wage Is Not Suitable For Singapore, Zhengxiao Wu

Research Collection School Of Economics

In a commentary, SMU Senior Lecturer of Statistics Wu Zhengxiao examined the concept of a universal minimum wage, and discussed how it is not suitable for Singapore.

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Covid-19, Lockdown, And The Dynamics Of Subjective Well-Being, Terence C. Cheng, Kim, Kanghyock Koh Sep 2020

Covid-19, Lockdown, And The Dynamics Of Subjective Well-Being, Terence C. Cheng, Kim, Kanghyock Koh

Research Collection School Of Economics

We provide novel evidence on how the COVID-19 global health and economic crisis is affecting overall life satisfaction and domain-specific satisfaction using data from a monthly longitudinal survey of middle-aged and older Singaporeans. Using a difference-in-differences framework, we document large declines in overall life satisfaction and domain-specific satisfaction during the COVID-19 outbreak, except satisfaction with health. These declines coincide with the introduction of a nationwide lockdown, with life satisfaction remaining below its pre-pandemic levels even after the lockdown is lifted. We also find that individuals who report a drop in household income during the COVID-19 outbreak experience a decline in …

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