Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Getting Back On The Horse: Drought Response In 2003, Matthew A. Diersen

Economics Commentator

No abstract provided.

A Career Preparation System Accountability System, Kevin M. Hollenbeck

Reports

No abstract provided.

The Link Between Capital Structure And Product Market Competition: Theory And Evidence, Lee Greer

Doctoral Dissertations

The relationship between capital structure and product market competition is examined using a theoretical model and two econometric analyses. In an extension of Glazer (1994), a theoretical model is derived that allows a quantity leader and follower to issue debt and then twice play a sequential product market game, after which each firm must either repay its debt in full or go bankrupt. It is demonstrated that the follower maximizes operating profit irrespective of capital structure but that the levered quantity leader in every period produces more than the Stackelberg profit-maximizing level of output. As such, the industry characterized by …

A Rationale For Meeting Quotas Asymmetrically, J. Patrick Meister, Robert S. Main

Scholarship and Professional Work - Business

Under certain conditions, otherwise identical, competing firms may find it jointly preferable to face differing degrees of trade barriers on individual products rather than symmetric trade barriers. The key is the ability to reduce marginal production cost via research and development. The economic significance of this insight is that there could be a role for a market for quota allotments. This insight also has applications to Voluntary Export Restraints in which a priori symmetric, restricted firms may prefer to have individual production levels allocated asymmetrically. This indicates the need for detailed studies of how quotas are met by individual firms. …

An Empirical Test Of Models Explaining Research Expenditures And Research Cooperation, Ulrich Kaiser

ULRICH KAISER

No abstract provided.

Growth Of Government And The Politics Of Fiscal Policy, Chetan Ghate, Paul J. Zak

Chetan Ghate

US government expenditures increased rapidly during the post-war period, then slowed in the 1980s and began falling in 1992. To examine the dynamics of the growth and subsequent reduction in government spending, we present a general equilibrium growth model in which politicians chose government spending to maximize support by their constituents. That is, output and government spending are endogenous and jointly determined. The model predicts that government expenditures will initially mimic Wagner’s law—the tendency for government spending to increase with GDP—but eventually diverge from output due to the growth of the welfare state. After government expenditures become large, we identify …

Imported Capital Dependency As An Economic Development Strategy: The Failure Of Distortionary Tax Policies In Puerto Rico, Joseph Pelzman

Joseph Pelzman

The use of tax holidays and other financial incentives designed to attract foreign investment is an old development strategy which like a magic pill has substantial negative side effects. There are many factors that influence the flow of investment across borders. An increase in the rate of return as exemplified by a deferral of taxes is but one factor among many including, but not limited to, the quality of host location infrastructure, the human capital of the participating labor force, the state of health care provision, the state of telecommunication coverage, etc., that enter a multinational’s decision tree and determine …

The Workforce In Alternative Employment Arrangements, Elizabeth Dalton

IPED Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

En Attendant Le Plan Marshall : Consommation Endogène De La Littérature Camerounaise, Pierre Fandio

Présence Francophone: Revue internationale de langue et de littérature

Despite the numerous forms of "aid" it has always received, Africa remains the only continent on the fringe of the tremendous development that the rest of the world has been experiencing in the last two centuries. The sectorial analysis of the literary works in this paper illustrates how the implementation of the various "Marshall Plan" is meant to bring about the development of a whole continent and a country like Cameroon. This could be done by involving actors of the cultural domain in the analysis of data and formulation of solution. Such development could give a boost to profitable endogenous …

Maine Ag Trader, New England Environmental Finance Center, University Of Southern Maine

Local Food Systems

A free classified advertising website for listing anything you need to make your Maine food business succeed.

Monetary Equilibrium With Missing Markets, Pradeep Dubey, John Geanakoplos

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

We consider a two-period model with missing assets and missing market links, in which money plays a central role and is linked to every instrument in the economy. If there are enough missing market links relative to the ratio of outside to inside money, then monetary equilibrium (ME) exists and money has positive value. The nonexistence of GEI (of the underlying economy) shows up as a liquidity trap in terms of the ME. In sharp contrast to GEI, the ME are generally determinate not only in terms of real, but also financial, variables.

Job Reallocation And Productivity Growth Under Alternative Economic Systems And Policies: Evidence From The Soviet Transition, J. David Brown, John S. Earle

Upjohn Institute Working Papers

How do economic policies and institutions affect job reallocation processes and their consequences for productivity growth? This paper studies the extreme case of economic system change and alternative transitional policies in the former Soviet Republics of Russia and Ukraine. Exploiting annual industrial census data from 1985 to 2000, we find that Soviet Russia displayed job flow behavior quite different from market economies, with very low rates of job reallocation that bore little relationship to relative productivity across firms and sectors. Since liberalization began, the pace, heterogeneity, and productivity effects of job flows have increased substantially. The increases occurred more quickly …

Testing For A New Economy In The 1990s, Ray C. Fair

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

This paper examines how much structural change there was in the U.S. economy in the last half of the 1990s. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that there was only one major structural change, namely the huge increase in stock prices relative to earnings. All other large changes can be explained by this change. There is no obvious reason for the large increase in stock prices relative to earnings. Increased productivity growth does not appear to be an answer since the data show that there was only a modest increase in long run productivity growth in the last half …

The Relationship Between Insurance Type And Health Care Costs, Use And Choice Of Outpatient Provider, Dan-Alexandru Balan

Dissertations

The impact of insurance type on health care is a very important topic in health economics. This dissertation examines the relationship between insurance type and health care cost, use and outpatient provider choice using the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey data. I examine separately three types of services: emergency, nonemergency hospital care and outpatient because the effect of insurance type on use may depend on the type of health care service provided. The insurance types analyzed are Health Maintenance Organization (HMO), private fee-for-service employer insurance, private fee-for-service non-employer insurance, government insurance and self insurance. For each service, individuals paying for health …

A Model Of Industrialization And International Wage Convergence Based On Multi-Plant Foreign Direct Investment, Hian Teck Hoon, Irene Ng

Research Collection School Of Economics

We show that for industrialization and international wage convergence through multi-plant foreign direct investment (FDI) to occur, the measure of the quality of the social infrastructure in the South relative to that in the North must be at least as large as the South-North wage ratio. We also show that if profitable FDI flows already take place from the North to the most productive economy in the South, then less productive Southern economies can also become recipients of FDI, provided that they are integrated into the world trading system, and there are no impediments to the decline of their wage …

Comments On: Procedure For Profiling Unemployed Citizens In Russia, Christopher J. O'Leary

Reports

No abstract provided.

Urban Universities And Real Estate Development, Ziona Austrian, Jill Norton

All Maxine Goodman Levin School of Urban Affairs Publications

This report is intended to enhance the understanding of the role that urban colleges and universities have in local economic development through university real estate investment activities. Colleges and universities across the country are becoming more involved in property acquisition and development; however, there is limited research that explores the decision-making processes that are employed and the implications of these decisions on the larger community.

The East Asian Model Of Economic Development And Developing Countries, Jong H. Park

Faculty and Research Publications

This paper examines the debate on the East Asian model of economic development in light of the different approaches undertaken by different groups of countries (economies) in Northeast Asia and Southeast Asia. The common strengths and weaknesses shared by the East Asian countries (economies) have helped to reinforce the misconception that there is a single East Asian model of economic development. There are, however, significant differences in economic structures as well as development experiences among the East Asian economies, especially between the economic development paradigms of Southeast Asia and Northeast Asia. Nonetheless, one single common thread underlies the differences in …

Is Ricardo's Essay On Profits A Precursor Of The New Trade Theory?, Hian Teck Hoon

Research Collection School Of Economics

This paper carefully analyzes a passage of Ricardo’s Essay on Profits ([1815] 1923), which suggests that he clearly understood the effects of both interindustry as well as intraindustry trade. In the context of the Essay model, Ricardo argues that free interindustry trade involving an exchange of manufactures for agricultural good (from England’s point of view) raises the rate of profit through lowering the relative price of the agricultural good. On the other hand, where trade involves simply an exchange of manufactures for manufactures, these being produced under conditions of economies of scale (division of labour in manufactures (pg. 25 of …

Poverty Reduction, Microcredit, And The Challenges Of Sustainability, Kiros Tadesse Beyene

Archived Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Do Temporary Help Jobs Improve Labor Market Outcomes? A Pilot Analysis With Welfare Clients, David H. Autor, Susan N. Houseman

Reports

We draw upon administrative data from an unusual policy experiment in the state of Michigan to study the effects of temporary agency employment among welfare-to-work clients on job retention, program recidivism, and earnings. To identify these effects, we exploit the fact that welfare-to-work clients in one Michigan county were randomly assigned to service providers who had substantially different placement rates in temporary agencies but otherwise similar policies. Our findings indicate that moving welfare clients who otherwise would have been unemployed into temporary agency jobs provides some benefits to these workers, primarily by increasing their short-term earnings. Temporary agency jobs also …

Three Essays On Economic Reform: Effects On Human Development, Fertility, And Factor Shares, Khaled Ibrahim Abdel-Kader

Dissertations

This dissertation contains three essays on economic reform programs supported by the IMF and World Bank. Using appropriate theoretical and empirical models, we investigate the impact of reform on three aspects of economic development: (1) human development, (2) fertility, and (3) income shares of factors of production. In the first essay, we examine the long-run impact of reform on different measures o f human development and income. Empirical results show that reform has long-run positive impact on GDP per capita and measures of human development. However, worse initial macroeconomic conditions offset this impact. In the second essay, we examine the …

Industrial Activity In Cleveland, Robert Sadowski, Ziona Austrian

All Maxine Goodman Levin School of Urban Affairs Publications

This report has four primary objectives. First, survey industrial activity in the city of Cleveland using employment and payroll data for the period from 1993 to 2000; report on key findings related to industry sectors and industries at the two-digit standard industrial classification (SIC) code level; and compare the city of Cleveland to suburban Cuyahoga County and the remainder of the Cleveland primary metropolitan statistical area (PMSA). Second, identify those industries in Cleveland that reported substantial employment levels, average annual wages, employment growth, and wage growth during the study period (high performing industries). Third, discuss the status of previously identified …

Cleveland State University: An Economic Impact Study, Ziona Austrian

All Maxine Goodman Levin School of Urban Affairs Publications

The economic value of an urban university to a metropolitan region is comprised of (1) the educational opportunities provided to students who rely on local institutions of higher education, (2) the unique contributions of urban universities to the social and political infrastructure of a region, and (3) the research and service contracts and other funds and philanthropic donations attracted to the campus by faculty and staff. If an urban university such as Cleveland State University (CSU) did not exist in the Cleveland metropolitan region, many, if not all of these economic and social contributions would be lost. In addition, the …

Marxist Institutionalism, Howard J. Sherman

HOWARD J SHERMAN

This is a review article of Phillip Anthony O'Hara, Marx, Veblen, and Contemporary Institutional Political Economy: Principles and Unstable Dynamics of Capitalism, Northampton, Massachusetts: Edward Elgar, 2000. O'Hara has fashioned a new synthesis of institutionalism and Marxism, which may be called Marxist Institutionalism.

Disability, Reciprocity, And 'Real Efficiency': A Unified Approach, Amy L. Wax

All Faculty Scholarship

The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) requires private employers to offer reasonable accommodation to disabled persons capable of performing the core elements of a job. Some economists have attacked the statute as ill-advised and inefficient. In examining the efficiency of the ADA, this article analyzes its cost-effectiveness against the following social and legal background conditions: First, society will honor a minimum commitment to provide basic support to persons - including the medically disabled - who, through no fault of their own, cannot earn enough to maintain a minimally decent standard of living. Second, legal and pragmatic factors, including "sticky" or …

The Effects Of Government Disability Benefits, Accessibility Laws And Rehabilitation On Employment Choices By Individuals With Spinal Cord Injuries, Susan M. Bell

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Greater inclusion of individuals with disabilities into mainstream society is an important goal for society. One of the best ways to include individuals is to actively promote and encourage their participation in the labor force. Of all disabilities, it is feasible to assume that individual with spinal cord injuries can be among the most easily mainstreamed into the labor force. However, less that fifty percent of individuals with spinal cord injuries work.

This study focuses on how disability benefit programs, such as Social Security Disability Insurance, and Worker's Compensation, the Americans with Disabilities Act and rehabilitation programs affect employment decisions. …

Kentucky Labor Supply And Demand Surveys, Mark C. Berger, Paul A. Coomes, Christopher Bollinger, Bruce Gale, Ronald E. Langley, Barry Kornstein, Jonathan M. Roenker, John Perry, Roy Sigafus, Eric C. Thompson

CBER Research Report

Excerpt from the executive summary:

The Center for Business and Economic Research at the University of Kentucky (CBER), along with its partners, the Survey Research Center at the University of Kentucky (UK-SRC), the Survey Research Center in the Urban Studies Institute at the University of Louisville (UL-SRC), and the Department of Economics at the University of Louisville, is pleased to present this final report on the findings of the Kentucky labor supply and demand surveys sponsored by the Kentucky Cabinet for Workforce Development. The two universities have put together a consortium including some of the best scholars in the region …

The Recovery Of The Aviation Industry: The Aviation Security Challenge, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article is based on a presentation made to the SAE 2002 World Aviation Congress on November 6, 2002 by the IBPP Editor. The article’s focus is on how representatives of the aviation industry need to think about aviation security to facilitate the industry’s economic recovery.

Tb184: Least-Cost Options For The Collection, Treatment, And Disposal Of Biomedical Waste In Maine., Andrew C. Files, Thomas G. Allen, George K. Criner

Technical Bulletins

This study examines the cost effectiveness of using current treatment technologies to sanitize, disinfect, shred, and dispose of biomedical waste within the state in relation to the costs of current disposal practices in Maine. The study employs a linear programming model to determine the combination of treatment facilities, transportation options, and disposal sites to treat all waste produced in Maine at the lowest statewide cost. A least-cost solution is developed for three different scenarios. The first two scenarios assume that all treated waste must be shredded in accordance with current regulatory requirements. The third scenario assumes that regulations are changed …