Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

A Posthumanist Pragmatism: Rereading Tomboys, Aaron Martin, Spurthi Gubbala, Marissa J. Huth, Sarah M. Johnson, Amanda Romaya

Cultural Encounters, Conflicts, and Resolutions

Gender has often dictated the roles and responsibilities that individuals are expected to fulfill. Societies in general still adhere to a strict gender binary system, and have largely been either intolerant of or, at minimum, uncomfortable with those who break from such a system. The tomboy figure has been the recipient of societal judgement for what has been interpreted to be a subversion of and deviance from traditional gender norms, and this has played out in a variety of ways. For instance, literary depictions of the tomboy—as the manifestations of the dominant cultural attitude—have captured both the aversion to as …

Women's Journalists In The Practice Of Mass Media In Semarang City, Lusi Setyo Wulandari, Nova Permata Sari

Informasi

This study aims to determine the balance between female and male journalists in the mass media, and the subjective experience of women journalists in carrying out their duties. Data collection was carried out by in-depth interviews and interviewees in this study as many as five people from print and electronic media, to determine the sources of researchers using purposive sampling. This research uses the descriptive qualitative method with gender structuration theory which is a combination of structuration theory and feminist analysis. The results of this study indicate that male dominance is still very strong in the mass media, this can …

The Effect Of Emphasizing Credibility Elements And The Role Of Source Gender On Perceptions Of Source Credibility, Ariana Bigham, Courtney Meyers, Nan Li, Erica Irlbeck

Journal of Applied Communications

Agricultural technology continues to evolve to meet the demands of a growing world, but previous advancements in agricultural technology have been met with resistance. Improved science communication efforts can assist in bridging the gap between expert and lay opinion to improve reception of scientific information. Using the framework of the heuristic model of persuasion, the purpose of this study was to examine the impact of emphasizing elements of source credibility – trustworthiness and expertise – and the gender of the source on perceptions of source credibility. A sample of 122 undergraduate students were exposed to one of the four possible …

Strategizing Small And Medium Enterprises Development Through Ict-Related Innovations Adoption: Moderating Influence Of Gender, Age And Experience, Adamkolo Mohammed Ibrahim

Informasi

The rapid advancement in information and communication technology (ICT) has brought huge entrepreneur benefits and challenges. A key challenge that has been less researched is the demand for skilled manpower in relation to the issue of the role employees' age and gender play in driving SMEs' ICT-related innovations adoption. This paper attempted to determine the moderating role of three important workers' demographic characteristics (age, gender and experience) on the use of innovations related to ICT by SMEs. Adopting the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) perspective, a questionnaire was designed and administered to 400 employees selected from …

Deconstructing Media In The College Classroom: A Longitudinal Critical Media Literacy Intervention, Andrea M. Bergstrom, Mark Flynn, Clay Craig

Journal of Media Literacy Education

While many studies have addressed the impact of media literacy interventions on knowledge of specific topic areas, few have explored improvements in media literacy skills as outcome measures. This study analyzed the impact of a media literacy intervention on participants’ critical thinking skills and understanding of media literacy principles by addressing the topics of body image and media representations of gender and race. A two-group, longitudinal experimental design was implemented using college-aged student participants across multiple course sections (n = 198) at a public university in the southeast. Results were significant for several media literacy measures for the treatment …

Social Construction Of Women Holding The Position Of Tunggu Tubang In South Sumatra, Prawinda Putri Anzari, Billy Kurniati Sarwono

Jurnal Komunikasi Indonesia

Wanita Tunggu Tubang secara paradoks memegang baik posisi terhormat maupun subordinat dalam komunitas Semende. Mereka bekerja untuk melestarikan budaya dan melakukan tugas mereka, namun pada saat yang sama mereka harus menghadapi berbagai masalah di ruang publik. Pertanyaan penelitian ini adalah bagaimana posisi ini secara sosial dibangun, dan teori yang diterapkan untuk menjawab pertanyaan adalah teori konstruksi realitas sosial. Pendekatan yang dipakai adalah kualitatif, dengan paradigma konstruksionisme kritis dan teknik sampling kriteria. Kegiatan para wanita dalam penelitian ini diamati dalam jangka waktu dua minggu, dan dua informan kunci dengan pekerjaan yang berbeda, kelas sosial, dan tempat tinggal diwawancarai. Studi ini menunjukkan …

The Dramaturgy Of Drag, Sydney M. Paluch

CLAMANTIS: The MALS Journal

n/a

Too Much Of A Good Thing? How Teachers’ Enthusiasm May Lead To Protectionism In Exploring Media & Gender, Elizaveta Friesem

Journal of Media Literacy Education

Challenges of media and gender literacy classes include the danger of steering students towards “right” interpretations of media texts while simplifying the complex relationship between audiences and media texts. The current paper describes a case study that focused on two high school teachers who were motivated by their protectionist concerns to analyze media representations of gender with students. The study aims to answer the question: Can teachers’ enthusiasm lead to protectionism in media and gender classes, and if so, what does that look like? The author concludes that teachers passionate about shielding students from problematic ideologies may miss out on …

The Reification Of Hegemonic Masculinity Via Heteronormativity, Sexual Objectification, And Masculine Performances In Tau Kappa Epsilon Recruitment Videos, Viki Tomanov

Butler Journal of Undergraduate Research

Fraternity members constitute a large percentage of men who hold highly influential jobs in politics, large corporations, and the like. Since fraternities are limited to men-only, it is important to examine how masculinity is both rhetorically constructed and subsequently performed. Tau Kappa Epsilon (TKE), the fraternity with the largest amount of chapters nationwide, is the focus of my analysis. Its popularity among college campuses signifies that its recruitment is successful and that, regardless of initiation into the fraternity, many men (and women) view TKE as an example of masculinity. In my analysis, I examine TKE recruitment videos from various universities …

The New Sexy: A Rhetorical Analysis Of Sherlock, Krystal A. Fogle, Toni Maisano

Conversations: A Graduate Student Journal of the Humanities, Social Sciences, and Theology

In recent history, there have been movements advocating for conversation and change regarding traditional gender roles. As a central part of culture, British television has not escaped this scrutiny. BBC's crime drama Sherlock directed by Steven Moffat has received both critical acclaim and attention from the general public for its portrayal of women. In this essay, we venture into this conversation, and explore portrayals of existing gender roles and how the writers of the show choose to dissent with the audience's expectations of gender portrayal. We examine connections between past and present portrayals of the classic character, Sherlock Holmes, and …

Gender Differences In Participation In And Motivations For Sexting: The Effects Of Gender Role Attitudes, Masculinity, And Femininity, Katie M. Springston

Butler Journal of Undergraduate Research

Sexting, the exchange of sexually explicit messages, images, and videos through mobile phones, has in recent years become an increasingly publicized and common occurrence in our technologically advanced society (Strassberg, Rullo, & Mackaronis, 2014). The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of gender, gender role attitudes, and self-perceptions of masculinity and femininity on participation in and motivations for sexting. Using a cross-sectional design, a self-administered questionnaire was given to 222 Butler students during the early part of the spring 2016 academic semester. This questionnaire included items regarding demographics, the activity of sexting, personal participation in sexting, self-perceptions …

This Is What Democracy Looks Like, Whitney Young

Pepperdine Journal of Communication Research

No abstract provided.

Perceiving Sex In Text Messages: Pepperdine Students Use Screenshots To Distinguish Individuals' Sexes, Rachel Yoshimura, Edmund Rothfus, Jingy Liu, Baixue Zheng

Pepperdine Journal of Communication Research

No abstract provided.

Gender And Gmos: Understanding Floridians Attitudes Toward Gmos Through The Lens Of Social Judgment Theory, Joy N. Rumble, Lisa K. Lundy, Brittany Martin, Sandra Anderson

Journal of Applied Communications

Social judgement theory was utilized to determine if men and women showed different acceptance of messages about genetically modified (GM) foods. The primary objective was to determine if females and males had a different latitude of acceptance toward statements about GM foods. Researchers found significant differences between males and females with more males accepting messages about GM foods than females. Additionally, there were several statements with wide latitudes of acceptance across genders. These statements represent a common ground and are a good starting point for conversations about GM food.

In Bod We Trust, Elliot Montgomery Sklar

be Still

This paper discusses body image and social norms, media and implications on health for men as for women. The important issue of body image is rarely addressed toward men's health and wellness while it is widely recognized for women.

It's Just One Of Those Gender Role Things: The Woman Does The Shopping, And The Man Fixes The Doors: Irish Advertising Students And Postfeminist Gendered Discourses, Aileen O'Driscoll

Irish Communication Review

In 2010 the European Commission published a report outlining its official position on ‘Breaking gender stereotypes in Media’ thereby explicitly recognising that advertising’s dissemination of images that depict gender stereotyping works to uphold gender inequalities. In addition, the European Coalition against Media Sexism (WECAMS) has engaged with the European Parliament and the European Advertising Standards Alliance in a bid to open up discussion on the possibility for standardising guidelines aimed at tackling and preventing sexism and gender stereotyping in advertising. Furthermore, over a more than forty-year history feminist media research has consistently pointed to problematic gendered imagery in advertising texts …

Feminist Theory And Technical Communication, Olivia Duffus

Channels: Where Disciplines Meet

This essay explores feminism, socially-constructed norms, and the relationship between feminism and technical communication. It argues that undergraduate technical communication programs should include courses that study feminist history and theories as related to the field, claiming that studying feminist theory will improve user-centered design and broaden students' spheres of influence as professionals.

The Effect Of Advertorial Format And Copy Length On Attitudes Of Female (Target) And Male (Non-Target) Audiences, Cynthia B. Hanson

Atlantic Marketing Journal

This study investigates the effect of the advertorial format and ad copy length on ad and brand attitude. Results of a 2 (advertorial versus non-advertorial) by 2 (light versus moderate copy length) study indicate that the advertorial format generated more favorable ad and brand attitudes for the female (target) subjects, but less favorable attitudes for the male (non-target) subjects. A marginally significant gender by copy length interaction suggests a differential effect of copy length for the male sample, as well: ad and brand attitudes were higher for lighter copy ads for the female sample but lower for the male sample. …

Women's Role In Enhancing Innovation In Livestock Farming: A Gender Perspective, Amailuk Joseph R., Nasubo Fred E., Njeri Njoroge E.

Young African Leaders Journal of Development

Livestock accrues benefits to women that include food, income and insurance against crop failure. This gives rise to the need for gender-friendly policies that promote and encourage women to own livestock. Women remain in the ranks of poor livestock keepers, although they make up two-thirds of the population of livestock keepers. Factors that influence livestock productivity among women range from rights to land, access to high yield breeds, application of new technologies and practices, access to education and extension services, and rigid cultural systems among others. These factors handled in a gender sensitive manner would go a long way to …

Gender Differences In Intimacy, Emotional Expressivity, And Relationship Satisfaction, Melissa Ubando

Pepperdine Journal of Communication Research

No abstract provided.

Revealing Gender Bias: An Experiential Exercise, Linda M. Dunn-Jensen, Scott Jensen, Mikelle A. Calhoun, Katherine C. Ryan

Organization Management Journal

Stereotyping and biases continue to be a problem in many facets of society. Understanding how biases may affect recruitment and retention of employees has become a priority issue for companies, not only from an image perspective but also from a firm performance perspective, since both research and industry experience have shown that diverse teams generate better results. The need to address these issues, particularly with students who will become leaders in organizations, remains a priority in business education. In this article, we present an experiential activity that management instructors can use to help students understand and appreciate the reality and …

Gender Bending And Bending Gender (Re)Creating Aesthetic Realities Of Organization Practices, Michael E. Reardon, Nikki C. Townsley

Speaker & Gavel

The following paper incorporates various writing genres including fiction, narrative, and scholarly discourse to demonstrate the potential importance of aesthetic theory for transforming gendered organizational practices. It starts off with Kelly‘s, a student of organizational communication, ―final exam‖ essay, which explores the gendered politics of promotion. Her professor‘s response explores the gendered politics of ―doing feminism.‖ Taken individually, Kelly and Dr. McGuire (re)create an aesthetic reality of traditional, essentializing organizational practices. Taken together, they (re)create aesthetic meanings that pose formidable challenges and potential transformations for the way we ―do gender‖ organizationally. In the end, this paper or ―petite narrative‖ stands …

Rap Music Literacy: A Case Study Of Millennial Audience Reception To Rap Lyrics Depicting Independent Women, Mia Moody-Ramirez, Lakia M. Scott

Journal of Media Literacy Education

Using a feminist lens and a constructivist approach as the theoretical framework, we used rap lyrics and videos to help college students explore mass media’s representation of the “independent” Black woman and the concept of “independence” in general. Students must be able to formulate their own concept of independence to counteract the messages and stereotypes they receive in popular culture through advertisements, film, print and music. The authors found that independence is situationally defined and it is a complex concept that is differentiated in consideration of age, race, and gender. Participants noted that rap music has the potential to influence …

When Men Are Sexually Harassed: A Foundation For Studying Men’S Experiences As Targets Of Sexual Harassment, Leland Spencer, Joshua Trey Barnett

Speaker & Gavel

While much scholarly attention has been given to sexual harassment, scholarship about men’s experiences as targets of sexual harassment has been limited. This essay is a review of the literature about men’s experiences of sexual harassment; it explores the operational definitions and sources of sexual harassment, the inadequacy of the instruments used to study sexual harassment, and the implications of this research for organizations and the field of communication studies. It also examines sexual harassment at the intersections of gender and sexual orientation, finding that there are apparent differences in incidences that feature diversity in these areas. This review concludes …

Critical Media Literacy And Gender: Teaching Middle School Students About Gender Stereotypes And Occupations, Laurel Puchner, Linda Markowitz, Mark Hedley

Journal of Media Literacy Education

This study examined the effectiveness of the implementation of a small-scale critical media literacy curriculum unit focused on gender stereotypes, especially as they pertain to occupations. The research question was whether students exposed to the critical media literacy (CML) curriculum were more likely than students not exposed to believe: that women experience discrimination in the workplace; that the media constructs stereotypical messages about women and men, especially regarding occupations; and that the media influences people’s thinking. Participants were students in 5 seventh grade classes, who were exposed to a 4-workshop curriculum, and students in 5 eighth grades classes, who were …

Managers’ Family-Supportive Supervisory Behaviors: A Multilevel Perspective, Sue A. Epstein, Janet H. Marler, Thomas D. Taber

Organization Management Journal

Using a combination of trait and situational variables we develop a model to explore the antecedents of managers’ family-supportive behaviors. Our model hypotheses were tested using data gathered from a sample of 312 subordinates matched to 92 managers. Hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) of the nested data yielded results that show both an individual manager’s trait (i.e., empathy) and situational variables (i.e., subordinate’s family-to-work conflict and leader–subordinate exchange quality) significantly predicted managers’ supportive behaviors. Additional HLM analyses showed that the manager’s gender (trait) and group work-to-family conflict (situation) moderated the relationship between manager’s empathy and family-supportive behaviors. Our results suggest that …

D'Nos Manera - Gender, Collective Identity And Leadership In The Cape Verdean Community In The United States, Terza Alice Silva Lima-Neves

Journal of Cape Verdean Studies

This study examines the role of gender relations in modern diaspora communities by presenting Cape Verdeans in the United States as an understudied case within African diasporic experiences. Cape Verdean communities and their organizations have existed in the United States since the 1800s. The levels of intensity with which these organizations operate have shifted over time based on the realities of the host country and the homeland. As a labor diaspora, it will take the Cape Verdean community in the US several generations to shift from labor to skilled diaspora. This study argues that three factors impact the progress of …

Puppets On A String? How Young Adolescents Explore Gender And Health In Advertising, Deborah L. Begoray, Elizabeth M. Banister, Joan Wharf Higgins, Robin Wilmot

Journal of Media Literacy Education

This article presents qualitative research on young adolescents’ abilities in communicating and evaluating health messages in advertising especially how they understand and create gendered identities. A group of grade 6-8 students learned about media techniques and movie making. In groups divided by gender, they created iMovie advertisements for health activities in their school. They represented themselves in these advertisements by creating stick puppets. Observations during lessons, examination of movies and puppets, and interviews with students and their teacher revealed that young adolescents were neither completely manipulated by media nor were they completely in charge of their responses to media’s messages …

Masculindians: Conversations About Indigenous Manhood By Sam Mckegney, P. Kelly Mitton

The Goose

Review of Sam McKegney’s Masculindians: Conversations About Indigenous Manhood.

Are There Gender Differences In Perceived Sexual Self-Efficacy Among African-American Adolescents?, Michelle L. Redmond, Rhonda K. Lewis

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

Background: African American adolescents accounted for more than half of all HIV/AIDS cases in 2009. Behavioral Strategies are needed to help lessen the incidence of HIV/AIDS among this population.

Purpose: The aim of his study was to examine sexual self-efficacy practices and beliefs among African American adolescents. We also examined gender differences between African American adolescents to better understand their perceptions of sexual self-efficacy, condom use intention, and other safer sex practices and beliefs.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 214 African American adolescents using survey instruments to examine their beliefs, perception and intentions on the use of condoms, …