Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Suppression Of Dissent: What It Is And What To Do About It, Brian Martin

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

Suppression of dissent is defined; reasons for it are described; examples are given; responses are outlined.

Responsibility And Intergenerational Equity, Sharon Beder

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

Retaining environmental quality for future generations means passing on the environment in as good a condition as we found it. It does not preclude some trade-offs and compromises but it requires that those tradeoffs do not endanger the overall quality of the environment so that environmental functions are reduced and ecosystems are unable to recover.

Mobbing And Suppression: Footprints Of Their Relationships, Brian Martin, F P.S Martin

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

Aims:

Two important processes involving the exercise of power are mobbing and suppression of dissent. These are examined, compared and contrasted with the aim of expanding the understanding of organisational and professional negative dynamics.

Methods:

The characteristic features and patterns of mobbing and suppression of dissent are examined. Areas of overlap and difference are noted and discussed.

Results:

Dissent is a challenge to a dominant group or set of ideas, and often met with various reprisals, such as ostracism, harassment and censorship: dissenters are frequently subject to mobbing. However, there are some different processes involved. Some targets of mobbing are …

Elites, Elements And Events: Practice Theory And Scale, Thomas Birtchnell

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

Practice theory appears to be a flat ontology in conventional renderings, but it is unclear why this is so. In attempting to scale socio-technical systems practice theory finds itself needing to think about new possible strategies to both compete with other ontologies and rebrand itself as capable of mapping the world outside of everyday life, the domestic and the home. In pursuit of this goal three unfamiliar new terrains are explored: elites, elements and events. In this paper a method for practice theory to broach scale while retaining its current value is articulated through ideas about the synchronization of elements …

Transcolonial Influences On Everyday American Imperialism: The Politics Of Chinese Domestic Servants In The Philippines, Julia T. Martinez, Claire Lowrie

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

From the first years of the American occupation of the Philippines, the American colonial elite ran their households with the help of Chinese servants. The preference of government officials, including Governor William Howard Taft himself, for Chinese domestic labor was in flagrant disregard for the policy of Chinese exclusion as well as the principle of “benevolent assimilation,” according to which the Americans claimed to be “uplifting” the Filipino people by providing them with the opportunity to experience the dignity of labor. In opting for Chinese rather than Filipino domestic labor, elite Americans were replicating the traditions of the “Old World” …

Global Commodity Chains In Crisis: The Garment Industry In Malaysia, Vicki D. Crinis

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

This paper examines the garment industry in Malaysia from the 1970s to the present. It looks at the strategies employed by manufacturers to cope with both the end of the Multi-fibre Arrangement (MFA) and the effects of the global economic crisis on the industry in Malaysia. The garment industry in Malaysia is situated on the periphery and is almost totally reliant on contracts from the United States (US) and Europe for its survival. Since the global economic recession, contraction in the consumption of garments in these countries has translated into factory closures and lay-offs in Malaysia. According to industry experts, …

'The Closet Of The Third Person'; Susan Sontag, Sexual Dissidence, And Celebrity, Guy R. Davidson

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

In this essay I argue that the tension between Susan Sontag's status as a postmodern celebrity and her devotion to the modernist cult of impersonality may be productively related to her sexuality. Beginning with her famous essay ‘Notes of Camp’ (1964), Sontag aligned herself (somewhat uneasily) with metropolitan gay culture. On the other hand, Sontag was one of the most famous undeclared lesbians in recent history. While she largely eschewed life writing, her fiction, essays, and interviews have often been read by critics for their autobiographical resonances. I extend this critical tendency by attending to the articulation and elision of …

Is A Us Marine Base In Darwin Really A Good Idea?, Anthony Ashbolt

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

The American alliance is simply too costly for Australia both in terms of human lives and international relations. While our political leaders prattle on about “getting the job done”, an Orwellian nightmare persists in Afghanistan and the police we train torture detainees and are deeply enmeshed in the drug trade, the troops we train turn into Taliban and the Government we prop up is no better, in moral or philosophical terms, than its enemy in the field.

The American Century is well and truly over and it is time to forge new associations and to think not in terms of …

Public Education And The Public Good, Anthony Ashbolt

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

When Julia Gillard became Minister for Education and Everything Else That Moves, as well as de facto Prime Minister, she expressed a desire to have a conversation about school funding. This politics of inclusion (social inclusion is one of her many portfolios after all) was short-lived and it became clear that conversation was code for acceptance of the status quo. So Julia went off and had a conversation of her own with utopian dreamers whose vision of the good society revolves around testing regimes, job credentialism, disciplinary control of schools (particularly teachers), and whose heights of ecstasy are only achieved …

Market Mechanisms, Ecological Sustainability And Equity, Sharon Beder

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

Economists are commonly asked for advice on environmental policy. In Australia, for example, it was economist Ross Garnaut who was asked to prepare the major report on climate change policy. Not surprisingly, economists tend to advocate market mechanisms to achieve environmental protection. But can market mechanisms aim to maximise economic efficiency rather than environmental effectiveness or equity.

Thought Policing Or The Protection Of Youth? Debate In Japan Over The "Non-Existent Youth Bill", Mark J. Mclelland

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

In early 2010 Tokyo Governor Ishihara Shintarō, supported by international child welfare organisations and a range of conservative Japanese politicians and commentators, sought to extend the range of material caught by a ‘Healthy Youth Development Ordinance’ that prohibited the sale of publications deemed ‘harmful’ to those under 18 in the Tokyo metropolitan area. Material featuring pornography or strong violence was already prohibited from sale to minors, however, the proposed extension would have included publications featuring ‘non-existent youth’ -- that is, purely fictional or imaginary characters who were, looked like or sounded like they were under the age of 18 and …

Japan's Queer Cultures, Mark J. Mclelland

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

When reflecting on the history of “queer” or non-normative, non-heterosexual sexual relations in the Japanese context, it is important to consider that same-sex sexuality, particularly as practiced between men, has only comparatively recently come to be considered unusual and been consigned to the pathological side of a “normal”/”abnormal” divide. During the Edo period (1603-1867) there was no normative connection made between gender and sexual preference because all men, whether samurai, priest or commoner were able to engage in both same- and opposite-sex affairs. At the time, men’s same-sex relationships were governed by a code of ethics described as nanshoku (male …

Transnational (Il)Literacies: Reading The "New Chinese Literature In Australia" In China, Wenche Ommundsen

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

THE TRANSNATIONAL "TURN" IN AUSTRALIAN LITERARY studies was the subject of lively critical debate at the time my colleagues Alison Broinowski, Paul Sharrad and I in 2008 embarked on the ARC-supported project "Globalising Australian literature: Asian Australian writing, Asian perspectives on Australian literature." Robert Dixon's 2007 essay "Australian Literature - International Contexts" charted the development of Australian literary studies from the cultural nationalist phase of the early years through to "the inter- or trans-national perspectives that have emerged in a number of humanities disciplines since the 1990s", and outlined his proposal of a research agenda for "a transnational practice of …

Tales Of The City, Vera C. Mackie

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

Every day millions of people pass through Shinjuku Station, the massive transport hub in Western Toyko, transferring between public and private railways, subways and bus lines. In the underground passageway near the western exit is a ten-metre-wide acrylic sculpture, known as 'Shinjuku no Me'/'L'Oeil de Shinjuku' (The Eye of Shinjuku). This gigantic eye. set into the wall, has looked out over the commuters since some time in 1969. Most people just walk past the sculpture without paying much attention on their way to the high-rise buildings just outside the western exit, or on their way to the nearby bus terminus. …

Review Of Weizmann, Elda. (2008), Positioning In Media Dialogue: Negotiating Roles In The News Interview, Claire Emily Scott

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

This book presents an investigation of interactional discourse features of news interviews in Israeli (Hebrew) television media, focussing on the way interviewers and interviewees are discursively positioned with respect to each other. The study is based on two sets of data, comprising a 24-hour corpus of news interviews from the “New Evening” (Erev Xadash) program on Israeli national television, and a corpus of meta-comments from leading Israeli media figures.

Environmental Economics And Ecological Economics: The Contribution Of Interdisciplinarity To Understanding, Influence And Effectiveness, Sharon Beder

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

This paper reviews developments in both environmental economics and ecological economics with respect to their progress towards environmental interdisciplinarity and towards providing solutions to environmental problems. The concepts, methods, theories and assumptions of each field of knowledge are reviewed and the extent to which they depart from the dominant neoclassical paradigm of economics is assessed. The contribution that interdisciplinarity has made to the success of each field is analysed in terms of understanding, influence and effectiveness and the constraints that it has imposed upon that success. Environmental economics has adopted the dominant economic neoclassical paradigm, including the power of the …

Mobbing Y Anulación De La Disidencia/Descontento: Tras Las Huellas De Sus Interrelaciones, Brian Martin, Florencia Peña

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

From google translator (part of the introduction) In diverse organizations, including the work places, daily there is dynamic cradles in talent, commitment, support, solidarity, amiability, friendship, camaraderie and work set for the sake of achieving the objectives that are common. Nevertheless, with too much frequency the internal discords give rise to conflicts, in addition, the common thing is that groups inside such organizations form, sometimes being generated among them created interests that lead to true battles to reach or to maintain the power to control processes and resources, as well as to impose points of view. Tie destructive games to …

Australia's "Child Abuse Material' Legislation, Internet Regulation And The Juridification Of The Imagination, Mark J. Mclelland

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

This article investigates the implications of Australia’s prohibition of ‘child-abuse material’ (including cartoons, animation, drawings and text) for Australian fan communities of animation, comics and gaming (ACG) and slash fiction. It is argued that current legislation is out of synch with the new communicative environment brought about by the internet since a large portion of the fans producing and trading in these images are themselves minors and young people. Habermas’s analysis of the conflict between instrumental and communicative rationality is deployed to demonstrate that legislators have misrecognized the nature of the communicative practices that take place within the ‘lifeworlds’ of …

Desire And Ethics, Ian M. Buchanan

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

This paper argues that it is problematic for the future of Deleuze studies that it is difficult if not impossible to answer the question `what is the right thing to do?' from a Deleuzian perspective. It then argues that one of the key reasons Deleuze studies has made limited progress in this area is its over-emphasis on desire and the corresponding tendency to extrapolate 'ought' from 'is', which as Hume showed is a category mistake. It proposes that to develop a workable ethical discourse from Deleuze's work we need to rethink how we read his work and approach it afresh.

Delaying Repatriation: Japanese Technicians In Early Post War China, Rowena G. Ward

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

Research on the Japanese living in Manchukuo in August 1945 has generally fostered the assumption that all Japanese there wanted to return to Japan as soon as possible. Yet, some made the conscious and voluntary decision to stay, at least for the short to medium term. Among those who chose to delay repatriation were a number of technicians employed by Mantetsu’s (South Manchurian Railroad Company) Ch¯uo Shikenjo. This paper looks at the political and personal realities faced by these technicians when making their decisions as whether to stay or leave in terms of the concepts of voluntary and involuntary repatriation. …

"Almost A Sense Of Property": Henry James's The Turn Of The Screw, Modernism, And Commodity Culture, Guy R. Davidson

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

[extract] Metaphorical, if not literal, homelessness has seemed to many to be a defining condition of the life and work of Henry James. His friend Edmund Gosse, for instance, wrote that James was a "homeless man in a peculiar sense," one who was never truly settled either in England, his adopted country, or the United States, his country of origin.More recently, John Carlos Rowe has related James's deracination to cosmopolitanism, outlining how the concerns of his fiction foreshadow recent efforts within the humanities to renovate the cosmopolitan ideal of respect for international and intranational differences.And John Landau has argued that …

A Political Monopoly Held By One Race: The Politicisation Of Ethnicity In Colonial Rwanda, Deborah Mayersen

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

In at least some parts of Rwanda, Hutu and Tutsi subgroups have existed since pre-colonial times. Under German and Belgian colonial rule, the distinction between the Hutu majority and Tutsi minority was perceived as a racial distinction. The Tutsi minority was regarded as racially superior, and given privileged access to education and indigenous positions of authority. Over time, this perception of Tutsi superiority was both institutionalized and internalised within Rwandan society. The ‘Hutu Awakening’ during the 1950s, however, saw issues surrounding race and privilege become highly politicised. As decolonisation loomed, the intersections between race and power became sites of bitter …

Source S Of Inter-Learner Variation In The Ba Construction, Xiaoping Gao

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

Variability in interlanguage has received growing attention in SLA. However, the variation and its sources in the interlanguage of L2 Chinese remain under-researched. This study investigated sources of inter-learner variation in the use of the ba construction (BC) by English and Korean speaking learners of L2 Chinese. A total of 110 adult learners were examined both in New Zealand and in China, with 22 native speakers of Chinese as control. A battery of three tasks (i.e., an oral production task prompted by video clips, an oral imitation task, and an untimed grammaticality judgement task conducted orally) was used to elicit …

Sushi Reverses Course: Consuming American Sushi In Tokyo, Matthew Allen, Rumi Sakamoto

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

Sushi, not long ago a quintessentially Japanese product, has gone global. Japanese food, and sushi in particular, has experienced a s urge in international popularity in recent decades.

Bilingual Identity: Language And Cultural Shift In The Experience Of A Basque-Spanish Immigrant To Australia, Lidia Bilbatua, Elizabeth Ellis

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

This is a very personal account of a Spanish immigrant, Nerea, achieving bilingualism in Wollongong, NSW. The story raises questions of the complex development of identity, changing awareness of sociocultural practices in each language, and of the role played by attitudes in the surrounding community to a person’s bilingualism. This article is in two parts: in the first part Nerea’s story is told in her own voice, and in the second the authors connect Nerea’s individual experience to wider social patterns concerning bilingualism, identity and aspects of recent immigration to Australia.

Halliday's Model Of Register Revisited And Explored, Annabelle Lukin, Alison R. Moore, Maria Herke, Rebekah Wegener, Canzhong Wu

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

Halliday’s description of register as ‘a variety of language, corresponding to a variety of situation’, with situation interpreted ‘by means of a conceptual framework using the terms “field”, “tenor” and “mode”’ (Halliday, 1985/89: 29, 38) is revisited to reflect on the theoretical work the term ‘register’ does within the SFL paradigm. In doing so, we recognize that the concepts of a linguistic theory are ‘ineffable’ (Halliday, 2002 [1988]); i.e. that ‘providing definitions of a theoretical term ... requires that it be posi- tioned vis-à-vis other concepts in the theory’ (Hasan, 2004: 16). It follows that chang- ing the position of …

The Flip Side: Women In The Redex Around Australia Reliability Trials Of The 1950s, Georgine W. Clarsen

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

In August 1953 almost 200 cars set off from the Sydney Showgrounds in what popular motoring histories have called the biggest, toughest, most ambitious, demanding, ‘no-holds-barred’ race, which ‘caught the public imagination’ and ‘fuelled the nation with excitement’.1 It was the first Redex Around Australia Reliability Trial and organisers claimed it would be more testing than the famous Monte Carlo Rally through Europe and was the longest and most challenging motoring event since the New York-to-Paris race of 1908.2 That 1953 field circuited the eastern half of the continent, travelling north via Brisbane, Mt Isa and Darwin, passing through Alice …

Towards Cultural Competence In The Justice Sector, Terri Farrelly, Bronwyn Carlson

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

This paper: 1) explores good practice principles for the development and implementation of cultural competence training (CCT) programs in the justice sector, and 2) reports on CCT activities currently being conducted in the justice sector.

Asymptotic Normality And Valid Inference For Gaussian Variational Approximation, Peter Hall, Tung Pham, M P. Wand, S S.J Wang

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

We derive the precise asymptotic distributional behavior of Gaussianvariational approximate estimators of the parameters in a single-predictorPoisson mixed model. These results are the deepest yet obtained concerningthe statistical properties of a variational approximation method. Moreover,they give rise to asymptotically valid statistical inference. A simulation studydemonstrates that Gaussian variational approximate confidence intervals possessgood to excellent coverage properties, and have a similar precision totheir exact likelihood counterparts.

Era: Adverse Consequences, Brian Martin

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

Excellence in Research for Australia has a number of limitations: inputs are counted as outputs, time is wasted, disciplinary research is favoured and public engagement is discouraged. Most importantly, by focusing on measurement and emphasising competition, ERA may actually undermine the cooperation and intrinsic motivation that underpins research performance.