Nuclear Commons^™

A Study Of Short-Range Correlated Pair Formation Mechanisms, Noah S. Swan

Physics Theses & Dissertations

Short-Range Correlations (SRCs) refers to pairs of nucleons that are temporary high density fluctuations with high relative momenta and lower center-of-mass momenta com pared to the nuclear Fermi momentum (kF). SRCs account for 20–25% of the nucleons in medium to heavy nuclei, make up essentially all nucleons with momentum greater than kF, and contribute most of the kinetic energy carried by nucleons in nuclei.

The existing semi-inclusive and exclusive measurements only cover a handful of light nu clei or heavy elements. This does not allow for a systematic study of the dependence of SRC pairs on nuclear mass and proton-neutron …

Exclusive Neutral Pion Electroproduction Cross Section Measurements With A Neutral Particle Spectrometer, Mitchell R. Kerver

Physics Theses & Dissertations

Deep Virtual Compton Scattering (DVCS), the exclusive electron-proton scattering process ep →e′p′γ, provides access to generalized parton distributions (GPDs), which correlate informa tion about the longitudinal momentum and transverse spatial structure of quarks inside the nucleon. Experiment E12-13-010 in Hall C at Jefferson Lab was designed to take high-precision measure ments of the DVCS cross section over an extended kinematic range using the newly commis sioned Neutral Particle Spectrometer (NPS). The NPS features a high-resolution electromagnetic calorimeter and a streaming data acquisition system optimized for operation at high luminosities. This thesis presents the detector and analysis work carried out to …

High-Energy Η(′)Π Photoproduction And The Nature Of Exotic Waves, Glòria Montaña, Vincent Mathieu, Vanamali Shastry, Łukasz Bibrzycki, César Fernández-Ramírez, Nadine Hammoud, Robert J. Perry, Alessandro Pilloni, Arkaitz Rodas, Wyatt A. Smith, Adam P. Szczepaniak, Daniel Winney

Physics Faculty Publications

The observation of hybrid mesons in photoproduction experiments can provide essential insight into the inner workings of quantum chromodynamics in the strong coupling regime. In particular, the study of final η^(′)π states is of great interest due to the presence of the lowest lying hybrid candidate with manifestly exotic quantum numbers, the π₁ (1600). In this work, a double-vector exchange model with Reggeized ρ and ω trajectories is developed to describe the photoproduction of η^(′)π in the high-mass region. Results are presented for the differential cross sections and forward-backward asymmetries in the energy region of interest …

Measuring Short-Range Correlations And Quasi-Elastic Cross Sections In A(E,E') At X > 1 And Modest Q², Y. P. Zhang, Z. H. Ye, D. Nguyen, P. Aguilera, Z. Ahmed, H. Albataineh, K. Allada, B. Anderson, D. Anez, K. Aniol, J. Annand, J. Arrington, T. Averett, H. Baghdasaryan, X. Bai, A. Beck, S. Beck, V. Bellini, F. Benmokhtar, A. Camsonne, C. Chen, J. -P. Chen, K. Chiraptpimol, E. Cisbani, S. Covid Dusa, M. M. Dalton, D. Day, W. Deconinck, M. Defurne, D. Flay, N. Fomin, M. Friend, E. Fuchey, F. Garibaldi, D. Gaskell, S. Gilad, R. Gilman, S. Glamazdin, C. Gu, P. Guèye, C. Hanretty, J. -O Hansen, M. Hashemi Shabestari, D. W. Higinbotham, M. Huang, S. Iqbal, G. Jin, N. Kalantarians, H. Kang, A. Kelleher, I. Korover, J. Lerose, J. Leckey, S. Li, R. Lindgren, E. Long, J. Mammei, P. Markowitz, D. Meekins, R. Michaels, M. Mihovilovič, N. Muangma, C. Munoz Camacho, B. E. Norum, Nuruzzaman, K. Pan, S. Phillips, E. Piasetzky, I. Pomerantz, M. Posik, V. Punjabi, X. Qian, Y. Qiang, X. Qiu, P. E. Reimer, A. Rakhman, S. Riordan, G. Ron, O. Rondon-Aramayo, L. Selvy, A. Shahinyan, R. Shneor, S. Širca, K. Slifer, N. Sparveris, R. Subedi, V. Sulkosky, D. Wang, J. W. Watson, L. B. Weinstein, B. Wojtsekhowski, S. A. Wood, I. Yaron, J. Zhang, Y. W. Zhang, B. Zhao, X. Zheng, P. Zhu, R. Zielinski

Physics Faculty Publications

We present results from the Jefferson Lab E08-014 experiment, investigating short-range correlations (SRC) through measurements of inclusive quasi-elastic scattering from ²H, ³He, ⁴He, ¹²C, ⁴⁰Ca, and ⁴⁸Ca. The kinematics were selected to isolate scattering from SRCs, yielding a plateau in the A/²H cross-section ratios due to the universal two-body structure of the 2N-SRCs in light and heavy nuclei. We observe approximate plateaus in the A/²H ratios and provide the first extractions of the A/²H ratio for ⁴⁰Ca and ⁴⁸Ca. We also examine the A/³He ratio, aiming to identify three-nucleon SRCs (3N-SRCs). Following the approach for isolating 2N-SRCs, searching for 3N-SRC …

Reply To "Comment On "Qcd Factorization With Multihadron Fragmentation Functions"", T. C. Rogers, T. Rainaldi, M. Radici, A. Courtoy

Physics Faculty Publications

We respond to comments [D. Pitonyak, C. Cocuzza, A. Metz, A. Prokudin, and N. Sato, preceding Comment, Phys. Rev. D 113, 038901 (2026)] about our article, [Phys. Rev. D 111, 056001 (2025)]. We stand by our conclusions and defend them against the criticisms.

Small-𝑥 Asmptomatics Of The Leading-Twist Flavor Singlet Quark Tmds, Daniel Adamiak, M. Gabriel Santiago, Yossathorn Tawabutr

Physics Faculty Publications

In this paper, we investigate the small-𝑥 behavior of the flavor-singlet, leading-twist quark transverse-momentum-dependent parton distribution functions (TMDs) using the light-cone operator treatment. This formalism allows us to express TMD operators at small 𝑥 in terms of polarized dipole amplitudes, enabling a systematic approach to their small-𝑥 evolution. We derive the evolution equations for these TMDs and solve them within the large-𝑁𝑐 approximation under the linearized, double-logarithmic approximation, where 𝑁𝑐 represents the number of quark colors. Expanding on previous work on unpolarized and helicity TMDs, we present the small-𝑥 asymptotics for a comprehensive set of TMDs, including the Sivers function, …

First Study Of The Nuclear Response To Fast Hadrons Via Angular Correlations Between Pions And Slow Protons In Electron-Nucleus Scattering, The Clas Collaboration, S. J. Paul, M. Arratia, H. Hakobyan, W. Brooks, A. Acar, P. Achenbach, J. S. Alvarado, W. R. Armstrong, N. A. Baltzell, L. Barion, M. Bashkanov, M. Battaglieri, F. Benmokhtar, A. Bianconi, A. S. Biselli, F. Bossù, S. Boiarinov, K. -T Brinkmann, W. J. Briscoe, V. Burkert, T. Cao, D. S. Carman, P. Chatagnon, H. Chinchay, G. Ciullo, P. L. Cole, A. D'Angelo, N. Dashyan, R. De Vita, A. Deur, S. Diehl, C. Djalali, R. Dupre, H. Egiyan, A. El Alaoui, L. Elouadrhiri, P. Eugenio, M. Farooq, S. Fegan, A. Filippi, C. Fogler, G. Gavalian, G. P. Gilfoyle, R. W. Gothe, B. Gualtieri, M. Hattawy, F. Hauenstein, T. B. Hayward, M. Hoballah, M. Holtrop, Yu-Chun Hung, Y. Ilieva, D. G. Ireland, E. L. Isupov, D. Jenkins, H. S. Jo, D. Keller, M. Khandaker, A. Kim, V. Klimenko, I. Korover, A. Kripko, V. Kubarovsky, L. Lanza, S. Lee, P. Lenisa, X. Li, D. Marchand, V. Mascagna, B. Mckinnon, T. Mineeva, V. Mokeev, E. F. Molina Cardenas, C. Munoz Camacho, P. Nadel-Turonski, T. Nagorna, K. Neupane, S. Niccolai, G. Niculescu, M. Osipenko, A. I. Ostrovidov, M. Ouillon, P. Pandey, M. Paolone, G. Niculescu, M. Osipenko, A. I. Ostrovidov, M. Ouillon, P. Pandey, M. Paolone, L. L. Pappalardo, R. Paremuzyan, E. Pasyuk, C. Paudel, W. Phelps, N. Pilleux, S. Polcher Rafael, L. Polizzi, J. W. Price, Y. Prok, A. Radic, T. Reed, J. Richards, M. Ripani, J. Ritman, G. Rosner, S. Schadmand, A. Schmidt, J. Richards, M. Ripani, J. Ritman, G. Rosner, S. Schadmand, A. Schmidt, R. A. Schumacher, Y. Sharabian, S. Shrestha, E. Sidoretti, D. Sokhan, N. Sparveris, M. Spreafico, S. Stepanyan, I. I. Strakovsky, S. Strauch, M. Tenorio, F. Touchte Codjo, R. Tyson, M. Ungaro, P.S. H. Vaishnavi, S. Vallarino, C. Velasquez, L. Venturelli, H. Voskanyan, E. Voutier, Y. Wang, D. P. Watts, U. Weerasinghe, X. Wei, M. H. Wood, L. Xu, Z. Xu, M. Zurek

Physics Faculty Publications

We report on the first measurement of angular correlations between high-energy pions and slow protons in electron-nucleus (eA) scattering, providing a new probe of how a nucleus responds to a fast-moving quark. The experiment employed the CLAS detector with a 5-GeV electron beam incident on deuterium, carbon, iron, and lead targets. For heavier nuclei, the pion-proton correlation function is more spread-out in azimuth than for lighter ones, and this effect is more pronounced in the πp channel than in earlier ππ studies. The proton-to-pion yield ratio likewise rises with nuclear mass, although the increase appears to saturate for …

Backward-Angle Electroproduction Of Η′ Mesons Off Protons At W = 2.13 Gev And Q² = 0.46 (Gev/C)², T. Akiyama, P. Bydžovský, T. Gogami, K. Itabashi, S. Nagao, S. N. Nakamura, K. Okuyama, B. Pandey, D. Skoupil, K. N. Suzuki, L. Tang, D. Abrams, D. Androic, K. Aniol, C. Ayerbe Gayoso, J. Bane, S. Barcus, J. Barrow, V. Bellini, H. Bhatt, D. Bhetuwal, D. Biswas, A. Camsonne, J. Castellanos, J. -P. Chen, J. Chen, S. Covrig, D. Chrisman, R. Cruz-Torres, R. Das, E. Fuchey, K. Gnanvo, F. Garibaldi, T. Gautam, J. Gomez, P. Gueye, T. J. Hague, O Hansen, W. Henry, F. Hauenstein, D. W. Higinbotham, C. E. Hyde, M. Kaneta, C. Keppel, T. Kutz, N. Lashley-Colthirst, S. Li, H. Liu, J. Mammei, P. Markowitz, R. E. Mcclellan, F. Meddi, D. Meekins, R. Michaels, M. Mihovilovič, A. Moyer, D. Nguyen, M. Nycz, V. Owen, C. Palatchi, S. Park, T. Petkovic, S. Premathilake, P. E. Reimer, J. Reinhold, S. Riordan, V. Rodriguez, C. Samanta, S. N. Santiesteban, B. Sawatzky, S. Širca, K. Slifer, T. Su, Y. Tian, Y. Toyama, D. Trnková, K. Uehara, G. M. Urciuoli, D. Votaw, J. Williamson, B. Wojtsekhowski, S. A. Wood, B. Yale, Z. Ye, J. Zhang, X. Zheng

Physics Faculty Publications

The electroproduction of η′ mesons from a ¹H target at W = 2.13GeV, Q² = 0.46(GeV/c)² and cos θ^CM_𝛾*η ≈ -1 has been experimentally measured. The differential cross section of virtual-photoproduction has been obtained as 4.4 ± 0.8(stat.) ± 0.4(sys.)nb/sr in the One-Photon-Exchange Approximation. This value is one-sixth of that of real-photoproduction at backward angles. A comparison with newly-developed isobar model calculations not only shows validity of the theoretical framewark employed, but also imposes new constraints on coupling strength between the η′p final state and nucleon resonances.

First Displaced Vertex Search For Electroproduced Dark-Sector Strongly Interacting Massive Particles By The Hps Experiment, P. H. Adrian, N. A. Baltzell, M. Battaglieri, M. Bondí, S. Boyarinov, C. Bravo, S. Bueltmann, P. Butti, V. D. Burkert, D. Calvo, T. Cao, M. Carpinelli, A. Celentano, G. Charles, L. Colaneri, W. Cooper, B. Crowe, C. Cuevas, A. D' Angelo, N. Dashyan, M. De Napoli, R. De Vita, A. Deur, M. Diamond, R. Dupre, H. Egiyan, T. Eichlersmith, L. Elouadrhiri, R. Essig, V. Fadeyev, C. Field, A. Filippi, A. Freyberger, S. Gaiser, M. Garçon, N. Gevorgyan, F. X. Girod, N. Graf, M. Graham, K. A. Griffioen, A. Grillo, M. Guidal, R. Herbst, M. Holtrop, J. Jaros, R. P. Johnson, G. Kalicy, M. Khandaker, V. Kubarovsky, E. Leonora, K. Livingston, L. Marsicano, T. Maruyama, S. Mccarty, J. Mccormick, B. Mckinnon, K. Moffeit, O. Moreno, C. Munoz Camacho, T. Nelson, S. Niccolai, A. Odian, R. O'Dwyer, M. Oriunno, M. Osipenko, R. Paremuzyan, S. Paul, E. Peets, N. Randazzo, B. Raydo, B. Reese, A. Rizzo, P. Schuster, Y. G. Sharabian, G. Simi, A. Simonyan, V. Sipala, A. Spellman, D. Sokhan, M. Solt, S. Stepanyan, H. Szumila-Vance, L. Tompkins, N. Toro, S. Uemura, M. Ungaro, H. Voskanyan, L. B. Weinstein, B. Wojtsekhowski

Physics Faculty Publications

The Heavy Photon Search experiment (HPS) is a fixed-target, electron beam experiment designed to search for 𝑒⁺⁢𝑒⁻ mass resonances and displaced decays using a forward acceptance spectrometer. This paper details the search for naturally long-lived “dark” vector mesons (𝑉_𝐷) arising from a dark sector of beyond-Standard-Model strongly interacting massive particles, characterized by a QCD-like 𝑆⁢𝑈⁢(3)_𝐷 symmetry and coupled to the Standard Model photon via a new 𝑈⁢(1)𝐷 gauge interaction mediated by the “heavy photon,” or 𝐴′. The results are based on an integrated luminosity of 10 608  nb⁻¹ collected during the 2016 HPS …

Unpolarized Gpds At Small X And Non-Zero Skewness, Yuri V. Kovchegov, M. Gabriel Santiago, Huachen Sun

Physics Faculty Publications

We study the small-x asymptotics of unpolarized generalized parton distributions (GPDs) and generalized transverse momentum distributions (GTMDs). Unlike the previous works in the literature, we consider the case of non-zero (but small) skewness while allowing for non-linear contributions to the evolution equations. We first show that unpolarized GPDs and GTMDs at small x are related to the eikonal dipole amplitude N, whose small-x evolution is given by the BK/JIMWLK evolution equations, and to the odderon amplitude 𝒪, whose evolution is also known in the literature. We then show that the effect of non-zero skewness ξ ≠ 0 is to modify …

Real-Time Estimators For Scattering Observables: A Full Account Of Finite-Volume Errors For Quantum Simulation, Ivan M. Burbano, Marco A. Carrillo, Rana Urek, Anthony N. Ciavarella, Raul A. Briceno

Physics Faculty Publications

The real-time correlators of quantum field theories can be directly probed through new approaches to simulation, such as quantum computing and tensor networks. This provides a new framework for computing scattering observables in lattice formulations of strongly interacting theories, such as lattice quantum chromodynamics. In this paper, we prove that the proposal of real-time estimators of scattering observables is universally applicable to all scattering observables of gapped quantum field theories. All finite-volume errors are exponentially suppressed, and the rate of this suppression is controlled by the regulator considered, namely, a displacement of the spectrum of the theory into the complex …

Measurement Of The Near-Threshold J/Ψ Photoproduction Cross Section With The Clas12 Experiment, Clas Collaboration, P. Chatagnon, V. Kubarovsky, R. Paremuzyan, S. Stepanyan, M. Tenorio, R. Tyson, A. G. Acar, P. Achenbach, J. S. Alvarado, M. J. Amaryan, W. R. Armstrong, H. Avakian, N. A. Baltzell, L. Barion, M. Bashkanov, M. Battaglieri, F. Benmokhtar, A. Bianconi, A. S. Biselli, S. Boiarinov, M. Bondi, F. Bossù, K. -Th Brinkmann, W. J. Briscoe, S. Bueltmann, V. D. Burkert, T. Cao, D. S. Carman, A. Celentano, H. Chinchay, G. Ciullo, P. L. Cole, A. D' Angelo, N. Dashyan, M. Defurne, R. De Vita, A. Deur, S. Diehl, C. Dilks, C. Djalali, M. Dugger, R. Dupré, H. Egiyan, M. Ehrhart, A. El Alaoui, L. El Fassi, L. Elouadrhiri, M. Farooq, S. Fegan, R. F. Ferguson, I. P. Fernando, E. Ferrand, A. Filippi, C. Fogler, K. Gates, G. P. Gilfoyle, D. I. Glazier, R. W. Gothe, Y. Gotra, B. Gualtieri, K. Hafidi, H. Hakobyan, F. Hauenstein, T. B. Hayward, D. Heddle, M. Hoballah, D. Holmberg, M. Holtrop, C. E. Hyde, Y. Ilieva, D. G. Ireland, E. L. Isupov, H. S. Jo, K. Joo, T. Kageya, M. Kerr, A. Kim, H. T. Klest, V. Klimenko, I. Korover, A. Kripko, S. E. Kuhn, L. Lanza, S. Lee, P. Lenisa, X. Li, D. Marchand, D. Martiryan, V. Mascagna, B. Mckinnon, A. Mehta, R. G. Milner, T. Mineeva, M. Mirazita, V. I. Mokeev, E. F. Molina Cardenas, C. Munoz Camacho, P. Nadel-Turonski, K. Neupane, D. Nguyen, S. Niccolai, G. Niculescu, M. Osipenko, M. Ouillon, P. Pandey, M. Paolone, L. L. Pappalardo, E. Pasyuk, C. Paudel, S. J. Paul, W. Phelps, N. Pilleux, L. Polizzi, J. Poudel, J. W. Price, Y. Prok, A. Radic, J. Richards, M. Ripani, P. Rossi, A. A. Rusova, C. Salgado, S. Schadmand, A. Schmidt, M. B. C. Scott, Y. G. Sharabian, E. V. Shirokov, S. Shrestha, E. Sidoretti, N. Sparveris, I. I. Strakovsky, S. Strauch, F. Touchte Codjo, M. Ungaro, D. W. Upton, P. S. H. Vaishnavi, S. Vallarino, C. Velasquez, L. Venturelli, H. Voskanyan, A. Vossen, E. Voutier, Y. Wang, D. P. Watts, U. Weerasinghe, X. Wei, M. H. Wood, L. Xu, Z. Xu, Z. W. Zhao, V. Ziegler, M. Zurek

Physics Faculty Publications

We present measurements of the total and differential cross sections for near-threshold 𝐽/ψ photoproduction obtained with the CLAS12 detector at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility. The results are based on data collected during the fall 2018 and spring 2019 running periods, using electron beams with energies of 10.6 and 10.2 GeV, respectively, scattered off a liquid-hydrogen target. Near-threshold J/ψ photoproduction offers a unique sensitivity to the strong interaction in the nonperturbative regime of quantum chromodynamics (QCD). The energy dependence of the cross section constrains the underlying J/ψ production mechanisms, including multigluon exchange and potential baryonic excitations. Additionally, the t …

Recent Progresses In Few-Nucleon Structure And Dynamics In Chiral Effective Field Theory, Laura Elisa Marcucci, Alex Gnech, Michele Viviani

Physics Faculty Publications

The most recent progresses made within the framework of chiral effective field theory for few-nucleon structure and low-energy reactions are here presented. In particular, for the A = 2 sector, the study of muon capture on deuteron is reviewed. Then, the results obtained using the Hyperspherical Harmonics ab-initio method for the 4He monopole form factor and the ³He(n^→ ,p)³H parity-conserving asymmetry are described.

Proton Transparency And Neutrino Physics: New Methods And Modeling, Clas Collaboration, S. Dytman, M. Betancourt, N. Steinberg, L. B. Weinstein, A. Ashkenazi, J. Tena-Vidal, A. Papadopoulou, G. Chambers-Wall, J. Smith, P. Achenbach, J. S. Alvarado, M. J. Amaryan, H. Atac, L. Baashen, N. A. Baltzell, L. Barion, M. Bashkanov, M. Battaglieri, F. Benmokhtar, A. Bianconi, A. S. Biselli, M. Bondi, F. Bossù, S. Boiarinov, K. -Th. Brinkmann, W. J. Briscoe, W. K. Brooks, S. Bueltmann, V. D. Burkert, T. Cao, R. Capobianco, D. S. Carman, J. C. Carvajal, P. Chatagnon, V. Chesnokov, H. Chinchay, G. Ciullo, P. L. Cole, M. Contalbrigo, A. D'Angelo, N. Dashyan, R. De Vita, M. Defurne, A. Deur, S. Diehl, C. Djalali, R. Dupre, H. Egiyan, A. El Alaoui, L. El Fassi, L. Elouadrhiri, M. Farooq, S. Fegan, I. P. Fernando, A. Filippi, G. Gavalian, G. P. Gilfoyle, R. W. Gothe, L. Guo, K. Hafidi, H. Hakobyan, M. Hattawy, F. Hauenstein, T. B. Hayward, D. Heddle, A. Hobart, M. Holtrop, Yu-Chun Hung, Y. Ilieva, D. G. Ireland, E. L. Isupov, H. Jiang, H. S. Jo, S. Joosten, M. Khandaker, A. Kim, F. J. Klein, V. Klimenko, A. Kripko, V. Kubarovsky, S. E. Kuhn, L. Lanza, P. Lenisa, D. Marchand, V. Mascagna, D. Matamoros, B. Mckinnon, T. Mineeva, M. Mirazita, V. Mokeev, C. Munoz Camacho, P. Nadel-Turonski, T. Nagorna, K. Neupane, D. Nguyen, S. Niccolai, M. Osipenko, L. L. Pappalardo, R. Paremuzyan, E. Pasyuk, S. J. Paul, W. Phelps, N. Pilleux, S. Polcher Rafael, J. W. Price, Y. Prok, T. Reed, J. Richards, M. Ripani, J. Ritman, A. A. Rusova, S. Schadmand, A. Schmidt, R. A. Schumacher, M. B. C. Scott, Y. G. Sharabian, E. V. Shirokov, S. Shrestha, N. Sparveris, M. Spreafico, S. Stepanyan, I. Stakovsky, S. Strauch, J. A. Tan, M. Tenorio, N. Trotta, R. Tyson, M. Ungaro, D. W. Upton, S. Vallarino, L. Venturelli, T. Vittorini, H. Voskanyan, E. Voutier, Y. Wang, D. P. Watts, U. Weerasinghe, X. Wei, M. H. Wood, L. Xu, N. Zachariou

Physics Faculty Publications

Extracting accurate results from neutrino oscillation and cross section experiments requires accurate simulation of the neutrino-nucleus interaction. The rescattering of outgoing hadrons (final state interactions) by the rest of the nucleus is an important component of these interactions. We present a new measurement of proton transparency (defined as the fraction of outgoing protons that emerge without significant rescattering) using electron-nucleus scattering data recorded by the CLAS detector at Jefferson Laboratory on helium, carbon, and iron targets. This analysis uses a new data-driven method to extract the transparency. It defines transparency as the ratio of electron-scattering events with a detected proton …

Studying Electroweak Few-Body Observables In Chiral Effective Field Theory, Alex Gnech

Physics Faculty Publications

The use of nuclei to study electroweak probes is becoming increasingly relevant experimentally. The success of dark matter and neutrino experiments strongly depends on the ability to control nuclear effects in order to extract the fundamental parameters associated with external probes. Therefore, reliable theoretical calculations of nuclear structure and reactions, with well-controlled errors, are crucial for the success of experimental efforts. Currently, chiral effective field theory (χEFT) coupled with {\it ab-initio} methods represents one of the best approaches that fulfills these requirements. To use this approach as a tool for studying fundamental physics, it is essential to validate it against …

Dispersion Relations And The Light-Hadron Spectrum, Arkaitz Rodas

Physics Faculty Publications

Light hadron spectroscopy sits in the non-perturbative regime of QCD, where flexible fits often compete with firm principles. Over the past two decades, dispersion relations have become a practical, numerical tool to solve these issues, enabling first-principles analyses and delivering robust resonance parameters. With ππ scattering as an example, we briefly summarize the current landscape, highlight dispersive work that has resolved long-standing debates and set precision standards, and include recent examples of dispersive analyses of lattice QCD results.

Next-To-Next-To-Leading Power Corrections To Unpolarized Semi-Inclusive Deep Inelastic Scattering, Ian Balitsky, Alexei Prokudin

Physics Faculty Publications

Semi-Inclusive Deep Inelastic Scattering (SIDIS) is a key tool for exploring the three-dimensional structure of the nucleon through Transverse Momentum Dependent parton distributions and fragmentation functions. While leading-power contributions to the SIDIS cross-section are well established, next-to-leading power (NLP) corrections of order 1/Q and next-to-next-to-leading power (NNLP) corrections of order 1/Q²  to the hadronic tensor have only recently begun to be systematically investigated. These corrections are essential for reliable phenomenology and interpretation of modern high-precision data. In recent papers by one of the authors, NNLP corrections to the Drell-Yan process were derived using the rapidity factorization formalism. In the present …

Studying Electroweak Few-Body Observables In Chiral Effective Field Theory, Alex Gnech

Physics Faculty Publications

The use of nuclei to study electroweak probes is becoming increasingly relevant experimentally. The success of dark matter and neutrino experiments strongly depends on the ability to control nuclear effects in order to extract the fundamental parameters associated with external probes. Therefore, reliable theoretical calculations of nuclear structure and reactions, with well-controlled errors, are crucial for the success of experimental efforts. Currently, chiral effective field theory (χ EFT) coupled with {\it ab-initio} methods represents one of the best approaches that fulfills these requirements. To use this approach as a tool for studying fundamental physics, it is essential to validate it …

Baryon-Antibaryon Photoproduction Cross Sections Off The Proton, F. Afzal, M. Albrecht, M. Amaryan, S. Arrigo, V. Arroyave, A. Asaturyan, A. Austregesilo, Z. Baldwin, F. Barbosa, J. Barlow, E. Barriga, R. Barsotti, D. Barton, V. Baturin, V. V. Berdnikov, A. Berger, W. Boeglin, M. Boer, W. J. Briscoe, T. Britton, R. Brunner, S. Cao, C. Chen, E. Chudakov, G. Chung, P. L. Cole, O. Cortes, V. Crede, M. M. Dalton, D. Darulis, A. Deur, L. Dietrich, S. Dobbs, A. Dolgolenko, M. Dugger, R. Dzhygadlo, D. Ebersole, M. Edo, H. Egiyan, P. Eugenio, A. Fabrizi, C. Fanelli, S. Fang, M. Fritsch, S. Furletov, L. Gan, H. Gao, A. Gardner, A. Gasparian, D. I. Glazier, C. Gleason, B. Grube, J. Guo, J. Hernandez, K. Hernandez, N. Herrmann, N. D. Hoffman, D. Hornidge, G. M. Huber, P. Hurck, W. Imoehl, D. G. Ireland, M. M. Ito, I. Jaegle, N. S. Jarvis, T. Jeske, M. Jing, R. T. Jones, V. Kayokan, G. Kalicy, X. Kang, V. Khachatryan, C. Kourkoumelis, A. Laduke, I. Larin, D. Lawrence, D. I. Lersch, H. Li, B. Liu, K. Livingston, L. Lorenti, V. Lyubovitskij, H. Marukyan, V. Matveev, M. Mccaughan, M. Mccracken, C. A. Mayer, R. Miskimen, R. E. Mitchell, P. Moran, L. Ng, E. Nissen, S. Orešić, A. I. Ostrovidov, Z. Papandreou, L. Pentchev, K. J. Peters, L. Puthiya Veetil, S. Rakshit, J. Reinhold, A. Remington, J. Ritman, G. Rodriguez, K. Saldana, S. Schadmand, A. M. Schertz, K. Scheuer, A. Schmidt, R. A. Schumacher, J. Schwiening, M. Scott, N. Septian, P. Sharp, V. J. Shen, X. Shen, M. R. Shepherd, J. Sikes, H. Singh, A. Smith, E. S. Smith, A. Somov, S. Somov, J. R. Stevens, I. I. Strakovsky, B. Sumner, K. Suresh, V. V. Tarasov, S. Taylor, A. Teymurazyan, A. Thiel, M. Thomson, T. Viducic, T. Whitlatch, Y. Wunderlich, B. Yu, J. Zarling, Z. Zhang, X. Zhou, B. Zihlmann

Physics Faculty Publications

The GLUEX experiment at Jefferson Lab has observed p(p) over bar and, for the first time, ΛΛ over bar and p Λ over bar photoproduction from a proton target at photon energies up to 11.6 GeV. The angular distributions are forward peaked for all produced pairs, consistent with Regge-like t-channel exchange. Asymmetric wide-angle antibaryon distributions show the presence of additional processes. In a phenomenological model, we find consistency with a double-t-channel exchange process where antibaryons are created only at the middle vertex. The model matches all observed distributions with a small number of free parameters. In the hyperon channels, we …

Inverse Problem In The Large Momentum Effective Theory Framework, Herve Dutrieux, Joe Karpie, Christopher J. Monahan, Kostas Orginos, Anatoly Radyushkin, David Richards, Savvas Zafeiropoulos

Physics Faculty Publications

One proposal to compute parton distributions from first principles is the large momentum effective theory (LaMET), which requires the Fourier transform of matrix elements computed nonperturbatively. Lattice quantum chromodynamics (QCD) provides calculations of these matrix elements over a finite range of Fourier harmonics that are often noisy or unreliable in the largest computed harmonics. It has been suggested that enforcing an exponential decay of the missing harmonics helps alleviate this issue. Using nonperturbative data, we show that the uncertainty introduced by this inverse problem in a realistic setup remains significant without very restrictive assumptions, and that the importance of the …

Search For The Y(2175) In The Photoproduction Cross Section Measurement Of 𝛾p → 𝜙𝜋⁺𝜋⁻P At Gluex, F. Afzal, M. Albrecht, M. Amaryan, S. Arrigo, V. Arroyave, A. Asaturyan, A. Austregesilo, Z. Baldwin, F. Barbosa, J. Barlow, E. Barriga, R. Barsotti, D. Barton, V. Baturin, V. V. Berdnikov, A. Berger, W. Boeglin, M. Boer, W. J. Briscoe, T. Britton, R. Brunner, S. Cao, C. Chen, E. Chudakov, G. Chung, P. L. Cole, O. Cortes, V. Crede, M. M. Dalton, D. Darulis, A. Deur, S. Dobbs, A. Dolgolenko, M. Dugger, R. Dzhygadlo, D. Ebersole, M. Edo, H. Egiyan, P. Eugenio, A. Fabrizi, C. Fanelli, S. Fang, M. Fritsch, S. Furletov, L. Gan, H. Gao, A. Gardner, A. Gasparian, D. I. Glazier, C. Gleason, K. Goetzen, B. Grube, J. Guo, A. Hamdi, J. Hernandez, K. Hernandez, N. D. Hoffman, D. Hornidge, G. M. Huber, P. Hurck, W. Imoehl, D. G. Ireland, M. M. Ito, I. Jaegle, N. S. Jarvis, T. Jeske, M. Jing, R. T. Jones, V. Mateev, M. Mccaughan, M. Mccracken, C. A. Meyer, R. Miskimen, R. E. Mitchell, P. Moran, F. Nerling, L. Ng, E. Nissen, S. Orešić, A. I. Ostrovidov, Z. Papandeou, L. Pentchev, K. J. Peters, L. Puthiya Veetil, S. Rakshit, J. Reinhold, A. Remington, J. Ritman, G. Rodriguez, K. Saldana, S. Schadmand, A. M. Schertz, K. Scheuer, A. Schmidt, R. A. Schumacher, J. Schwiening, M. Scott, N. Septian, P. Sharp, V. J. Shen, X. Shen, M. R. Shepherd, J. Sikes, H. Singh, A. Smith, E. S. Smith, A. Somov, J. R. Stevens, I. I. Strakovsky, B. Sumner, K. Suresh, V. V. Tarasov, S. Taylor, Y. Teymurazyan, A. Thiel, M. Thomson, T. Viducic, T. Whitlatch, Y. Wunderlich, B. Yu, J. Zarling, Z. Zhang, X. Zhou, B. Zihlmann, The Glue X Collaboration

Physics Faculty Publications

Based on 334 pb-¹ of photoproduction data collected with the GlueX detector at Jefferson Lab, we have measured for the first time the cross section of the exclusive reaction 𝛾 + p → φ(1020)π⁺π⁻p by reconstructing the final state K⁺K⁻π⁺π⁻p produced with a photon beam of energies between 8.0 and 11.6 GeV. Based on the measured differential cross section, we have performed a search for the strangeoniumlike exotic candidate Y(2175), recently renamed to φ(2170). This state has been reported by different e⁺e⁻ annihilation experiments and it is addressed here for the first time in a photoproduction experiment. We do not …

Toward An Event-Level Analysis Of Hadron Structure Using Differential Programming, Kevin Braga, Markus Diefenthaler, Steven Goldenberg, Daniel Lersch, Yaohang Li, Jian-Wei Qiu, Kishansingh Rajput, Felix Ringer, Nobuo Sato, Malachi Schram

Computer Science Faculty Publications

Reconstructing the internal properties of hadrons in terms of fundamental quark and gluon degrees of freedom is a central goal in nuclear and particle physics. This effort lies at the core of major experimental programs, such as the Jefferson Lab 12 GeV program and the upcoming Electron-Ion Collider. A primary challenge is the inherent inverse problem: converting large-scale observational data from collision events into the fundamental quantum correlation functions (QCFs) that characterize the microscopic structure of hadronic systems within the theory of QCD. Recent advances in scientific computing and machine learning have opened new avenues for addressing this challenge using …

A Survey On Generative Ai For Detector Effects Unfolding In Particle And Nuclear Physics, Tareq Alghamdi, Tommaso Vittorini, Jitao Xu, Marco Battaglieri, Derek I. Glazier, Glòria Montaña, Giorgio Foti, Alessandro Pilloni, Nobuo Sato, Yaohang Li

Computer Science Faculty Publications

In particle and nuclear physics, “detector effects unfolding” can be viewed as a highdimensional inverse problem whose goal is to recover the true event distributions from observed experimental data corrupted by detector-induced distortions. Recent advances in generative AI have positioned data-driven and machine learning-based approaches as powerful alternatives to traditional unfolding techniques, offering superior scalability to high-dimensional data, capability of learning complex detector responses, and the ability to operate directly at the event level. We survey state-of the-art generative AI-based models for detector folding and unfolding. We review existing architectures and training strategies, and highlight recent methodological advances and open …

Relativistic Three Particle Scattering, Md Habib E Islam

Physics Theses & Dissertations

In this dissertation, we develop and apply a relativistic framework for studying three-body scattering amplitudes, their analytic structure, and the emergence of universal phenomena such as the Efimov effect. The work integrates three complementary components.

First, we introduce a systematically improvable numerical method for solving relativistic three-body integral equations in momentum space. By discretizing the continuum problem into finite matrix equations and extrapolating to the continuum limit, we obtain stable partial-wave amplitudes in the presence of a two-body bound state. Two complementary treatments of the pole contribution are implemented and shown to reproduce previous finite volume results, with controlled estimates …

Enhancing The Design Of Strained Superlattice Gallium Arsenide Based Photocathodes With Distributed Bragg Reflector, Adam D. A. Masters

Electrical & Computer Engineering Theses & Dissertations

Particle accelerators play a crucial role in our understanding of matter and the universe and have numerous practical applications in various fields. These devices enable scientists to examine the smallest components of matter, study the forces that govern their interactions, and probe conditions from the early universe. Moreover, accelerators are valuable in medicine, industry, and research, enhancing imaging methods, cancer therapies, and manufacturing techniques. As the experiments conducted at these facilities evolve and require higher precision, improved particle sources must continue to advance to keep up with their requirements. To do that, we enhanced the design of spin polarized electron …

Unfolding Particle Detector Effects And Solving Qcd Inverse Problem With Generative Ai, Tareq Saeed Alghamdi

Computer Science Theses & Dissertations

Advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) have revolutionized high-energy physics by enabling generative models to address key detector-related Challenges. This work explores the generative model to mitigate smearing, acceptance, and inefficiency in particle detectors, enhancing experimental precision.

We present a generative model-based framework to model and correct detector distortions. Using the Jefferson Lab CLAS g11 experiment as a case study, our approach successfully unfolds detector effects in multi-particle final states while preserving multidimensional correlations despite complex reaction mechanisms. A key focus is addressing the acceptance problem—accurately modeling detector acceptance without computationally expensive simulations. By training generative model-based framework on simulated detector …

Unraveling Nonperturbative Qcd With Transverse Momentum Hadronic Structures, Tommaso Rainaldi

Physics Theses & Dissertations

The main purpose of this thesis is to investigate the theoretical foundations of the factorization theorems that involve transverse quark and gluon momentum distributions, and to better understand the interface between foundational questions and phenomenological applications. Many of these applications involve using transverse parton momentum dependent (TMD) correlation functions as tools for probing the complex nonperturbative structures of the hadrons.

We first introduce the concepts of collinear and TMD factorization in a toy-model theory and, by leveraging the comparative simplicity of such a model, we test the range of validity and limitations of the factorization approach. At the same time, …

Nonlocal Nucleon Matrix Elements In The Rest Frame, Joe Karpie, Christopher Monahan, Anatoly Radyushkin

Physics Faculty Publications

Extracting parton structure from lattice quantum chromodynamics (QCD) calculations requires studying the coordinate scale 𝑧3 dependence of the matrix elements of bilocal operators. The most significant contribution comes from the 𝑧3 dependence induced by ultraviolet (UV) renormalization of the Wilson line. We demonstrate that the next-to-leading order perturbative calculations of the renormalization factor can describe, to a few percent accuracy, the logarithm of the lattice QCD rest frame matrix elements with separations up to distances of 0.6 fm on multiple lattice spacings. The residual discrepancies can be modeled by a leading effect from the structure of the nucleon.

Static And Dynamic Properties Of Atomic Nuclei With High-Resolution Potentials, Alex Gnech, Alessandro Lovato, Noemi Rocco

Physics Faculty Publications

We compute ground-state and dynamical properties of 4He and 16O nuclei using as input high-resolution, phenomenological nucleon-nucleon and three-nucleon forces that are local in coordinate space. The nuclear Schrödinger equation for both nuclei is accurately solved employing the auxiliary-field diffusion Monte Carlo approach. For the 4He nucleus, detailed benchmarks are carried out with the hyperspherical harmonics method. In addition to presenting results for the binding energies and radii, we also analyze the momentum distributions of these nuclei and their Euclidean response function corresponding to the isoscalar density transition. The latter quantity is particularly relevant for lepton-nucleus scattering experiments, as it …

Dihadron Aziumuthal Correlations In Deep-Inelastic Scattering Off Nuclear Targets, S. J. Paul, S. Morán, M. Arratia, W. K. Brooks, H. Hakobyan, A. El Alaoui, P. Achenbach, J. S. Alvarado, W. R. Armstrong, H. Atac, H. Avakian, L. Baashen, N. A. Baltzell, L. Barion, M. Bashkanov, M. Battaglieri, B. Benkel, F. Benmokhtar, A. Bianconi, A. S. Biselli, M. Bondí, W. A. Booth, F. Bossu, S. Boiarinov, K. -Th. Brinkmann, W. J. Briscoe, S. Bueltmann, V. D. Burkert, T. Cao, R. Capobianco, D. S. Carman, P. Chatagnon, G. Ciullo, P. L. Cole, M. Contalbrigo, A. D'Angelo, N. Dashyan, R. De Vita, A. Deur, S. Diehl, C. Dilks, C. Djalali, R. Dupre, L. El Fassi, L. Elouadrhiri, P. Eugenio, A. Filippi, C. Fogler, G. Gavalian, G. P. Gilfoyle, D. I. Glazier, A. A. Golubenko, R. W. Gothe, M. Guidal, K. Hafidi, M. Hattawy, F. Hauenstein, D. Heddle, A. Hobart, M. Holtrop, Y. Iiieva, D. G. Ireland, E. L. Isupov, D. Jenkins, H. Jiang, H. S. Jo, K. Joo, T. Kageya, M. Khandaker, A. Kim, W. Kim, V. Klimenko, V. Kubarovsky, S. E. Kuhn, L. Lanza, P. Lenisa, K. Livingston, I. J.D. Macgregor, D. Marchand, V. Mascagna, D. Matamoros, B. Mckinnon, S. Migliorati, T. Mineeva, M. Mirazita, V. Mokeev, C. Munoz Camacho, P. Nadel-Turonski, K. Neupane, S. Niccolai, G. Niculescu, M. Osipenko, A. I. Ostrovidov, M. Paolone, L. L. Pappalardo, R. Paremuzyan, E. Pasyuk, W. Phelps, N. Pilleux, M. Pokhrel, S. Polcher Rafael, J. W. Price, Y. Prok, T. Reed, J. Richards, M. Ripani, G. Rosner, P. Rossi, C. Salgado, A. Schmidt, M. B. C. Scott, Y. G. Sharabian, E. V. Shirokov, U. Shrestha, N. Sparveris, M. Spreafico, S. Stepanyan, I. I. Strakovsky, S. Strauch, J. A. Tan, R. Tyson, M. Ungaro, S. Vallarino, L. Venturelli, V. Tommaso, E. Voutier, D. P. Watts, X. Wei, R. Williams, M. H. Wood, L. Xu, N. Zachariou, M. Zurek

Physics Faculty Publications

We measured the nuclear dependence of the di-pion azimuthal correlation function in deep-inelastic scattering (DIS) using the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer and a 5 GeV electron beam. As the nuclear-target size increases, transitioning from deuterium to carbon, iron, and lead, the correlation function broadens monotonically. Its shape exhibits a significant dependence on kinematics, including the transverse momentum of the pions and the difference in their rapidity. None of the various Monte Carlo event generators we evaluated could fully replicate the observed correlation functions and nuclear effects throughout the entire phase space. As the first study of its kind in DIS …