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Articles 1 - 30 of 102
Full-Text Articles in Physics
Pseudo-Brewster And Second-Brewster Angles Of An Absorbing Substrate Coated By A Transparent Thin Film, R. M.A. Azzam, T F. Thonn
Pseudo-Brewster And Second-Brewster Angles Of An Absorbing Substrate Coated By A Transparent Thin Film, R. M.A. Azzam, T F. Thonn
Electrical Engineering Faculty Publications
The pseudo-Brewster angle of minimum reflectance for the p polarization, the corresponding angle for thes polarization, and the second-Brewster angle of minimum ratio of the p and s reflectances are all determined as functions of the thickness of a transparent film coating an absorbing substrate by numerical solution of the exact equations that govern such angles of the form Re(Z′/Z) = 0, where Z = Rp, Rs, or ρ represent the complex amplitude-reflection coefficients for the p and s polarizations and their ratio (ρ =Rp/Rs), …
Magnetic Phase Transition, Aggregate Formation, And Electrical Conductivity In Fecl3-Doped Polyacetylene, E. K. Sichel, M. F. Rubner, J. Georger, Jr., G. C. Papaefthymiou, S. Offer, Richard B. Frankel
Magnetic Phase Transition, Aggregate Formation, And Electrical Conductivity In Fecl3-Doped Polyacetylene, E. K. Sichel, M. F. Rubner, J. Georger, Jr., G. C. Papaefthymiou, S. Offer, Richard B. Frankel
Physics
Both Fe3+ and Fe2+ ions occur in FeCl3-doped polyacetylene. At low dopant levels (2+ and Fe3+ ions are paramagnetic down to 4.2 K. At dopant levels >0.01 mole fraction, there is evidence from Mössbauer spectroscopy that Fe2+ ions associate into aggregates which are magnetically ordered below 25 K. Aggregate formation appears to correlate with high electrical conductivity.
Low-Mass Solitons From Fractional Charges In Quantum Chromodynamics, A. P. Balachandran, V. Parameswaran Nair, N. Panchapakesan, S. G. Rajeev
Low-Mass Solitons From Fractional Charges In Quantum Chromodynamics, A. P. Balachandran, V. Parameswaran Nair, N. Panchapakesan, S. G. Rajeev
Publications and Research
Slansky, Goldman, and Shaw have proposed a model to account for the observation of fractionally charged states. We show that in this model, there are expected to be several low-mass solitons (four being in the mass range ∼20-60 MeV) associated with the third homotopy group π3(SU(3)/SO(3))=Z4, besides a low-mass (∼30 MeV) Z2 monopole. Confirmation of these levels and hence of the model has important implications for Cabrera's results on the magnetic monopole. An efficient algorithm for the calculation of π3(G/H) for a general Lie group G and a subgroup H is developed. It is pointed …
Cross Sections For Ionizaton Of Gases By 5-4000-Kev Protons And For Electron Capture By 5-150-Kev Protons, M. Eugene Rudd, R. D. Dubois, L. H. Toburen, C. A. Ratcliffe, T. V. Goffe
Cross Sections For Ionizaton Of Gases By 5-4000-Kev Protons And For Electron Capture By 5-150-Kev Protons, M. Eugene Rudd, R. D. Dubois, L. H. Toburen, C. A. Ratcliffe, T. V. Goffe
M. Eugene Rudd Publications
Using the parallel-plate-capacitor method and a capacitance manometer to determine pressures, total cross sections for the production of positive and negative charges were measured for 5-4000- keV-proton impact on He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Hz, N2, CO, 02, CH4, and C02. From these, ionization and electron-capture cross sections were obtained and fitted to semi-empirical equations describing the energy dependence in terms of a few parameters. At high energies very good agreement is obtained in the comparison of the ionization cross sections to earlier proton- and electron-impact measurements and with theoretical treatments where they …
Electron Capture Cross Sections For Tih⁴⁺, H. Sato, M. Kimura, A. E. Wetmore, Ronald E. Olson
Electron Capture Cross Sections For Tih⁴⁺, H. Sato, M. Kimura, A. E. Wetmore, Ronald E. Olson
Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works
Electron capture cross sections have been computed for Ti4++H to Ti3++H+ and Ti3++H+ to Ti4++H, where the reactants were in their ground states. The energy range investigated was 0.1 to 10 keV amu-1. The impact parameter perturbed-stationary-state method incorporating electron translation factors were used to calculate the cross sections. The molecular wavefunctions were generated using the pseudo-potential method. At 1 keV amu-1 ( nu rel=4.4*107 cm s-1), representative electron capture cross sections for the Ti4++H and Ti3++H+ reactions are 2*10-15 cm 2 and 1*10-17 cm2, respectively. An …
Electron Drift Velocities In Gas Mixtures Of He, N2, And Co 2, Michael C. Cornell, Ian M. Littlewood, Howard L. Brooks, Kaare J. Nygaard
Electron Drift Velocities In Gas Mixtures Of He, N2, And Co 2, Michael C. Cornell, Ian M. Littlewood, Howard L. Brooks, Kaare J. Nygaard
Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works
An electron swarm experiment has been used to obtain electron drift velocities in the He:CO2:N2 mixtures 0:1:1, 3:1:2, and 3:1:1. The E/N range of 3 to 57 Td was studied with total gas pressure varied from 50 to 200 Torr. These particular mixtures have not been previously studied experimentally. Good agreement is observed between theoretical calculations and experimental data.
Two- And Three-Body Electron-Ion Recombination In Carbon Dioxide, Ian M. Littlewood, M. C. Cornell, B. K. Clark, Kaare J. Nygaard
Two- And Three-Body Electron-Ion Recombination In Carbon Dioxide, Ian M. Littlewood, M. C. Cornell, B. K. Clark, Kaare J. Nygaard
Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works
The electron-ion recombination rate in carbon dioxide was measured as a function of electric field strength and gas pressure. The separate effects of two- and three-body recombination was observed, and the respective rate constants obtained. The results indicate that three-body recombination is dominant at low field strengths for gas pressures above 1 atm, whereas two-body recombination is dominant at high field strengths.
Reactive Scattering Cell For Atomic Hydrogen And Deuterium, John T. Park, E. Redd, T. J. Kvale, E. Rille
Reactive Scattering Cell For Atomic Hydrogen And Deuterium, John T. Park, E. Redd, T. J. Kvale, E. Rille
Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works
A design for a high-temperature reactive scattering cell for atomic hydrogen and atomic deuterium is described. At approximately 2700 K a dissociation of the molecular target species of over 95% has been obtained. The lifetime of 340 h of operation is sufficient for precision, long-time, differential cross-section measurements.
Charge Transfer And Ionisation Processes Involving Multiply Charged Ions In Collision With Atomic Hydrogen, D. J.W. Hardie, Ronald E. Olson
Charge Transfer And Ionisation Processes Involving Multiply Charged Ions In Collision With Atomic Hydrogen, D. J.W. Hardie, Ronald E. Olson
Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works
Total cross sections are presented for the charge transfer reaction Xq++H(1s) to X(q-1)+H+ and ionization process Xq++H(1s) to Xq++H+-e-. Here Xq+ is a fully or partially stripped ion. The collision energy range lies between 25-200 keV amu-1. Cross sections are also given for charge transfer into particular ionic n states and n, l states for energies of 25 and 50 keV amu-1, where Xq+=H+, He 2+, C6+, O8+. The calculations were performed by the classical trajectory Monte Carlo method of Olson and …
Isotope Effect And Momentum-Transfer Scaling In The Elastic-Scattering Differential Cross Sections For Hydrogen-Isotope Collision Systems, Eduard P. Rille, Jerry Peacher, Denver G. Seely, Thomas J. Kvale, E. Redd, D. M. Blankenship, John T. Park
Isotope Effect And Momentum-Transfer Scaling In The Elastic-Scattering Differential Cross Sections For Hydrogen-Isotope Collision Systems, Eduard P. Rille, Jerry Peacher, Denver G. Seely, Thomas J. Kvale, E. Redd, D. M. Blankenship, John T. Park
Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works
A projectile-dependent isotope effect was found for the elastic-scattering differential cross sections in the hydrogen-isotope collision systems. All four differential cross sections lie on a common curve if they are divided by the square of the reduced mass and plotted against momentum transfer. The experimental results are in satisfactory agreement with a simple Glauber-approximation calculation.
Mst Radar Data-Base Management, Vincent B. Wickwar
Mst Radar Data-Base Management, Vincent B. Wickwar
All Physics Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Breakdown Of Flavor Conservation In A Monopole Background, V. Parameswaran Nair
Breakdown Of Flavor Conservation In A Monopole Background, V. Parameswaran Nair
Publications and Research
We give a simple derivation of the catalysis of baryon decay and other flavor-changing processes by monopoles. The role of the axial anomaly is clarified. A general current-algebraic argument which clarifies the nature of flavor violation is also given.
Ionic-Configuration-Interaction Effects On Xe 5S-Subshell Photoionization Processes, Göran Wendin, Anthony F. Starace
Ionic-Configuration-Interaction Effects On Xe 5S-Subshell Photoionization Processes, Göran Wendin, Anthony F. Starace
Anthony F. Starace Publications
Recent measurements of the 5s-subshell photoelectron angular distribution of xenon have found larger values for the asymmetry parameter β in the region of the 5s-subshell cross-section minimum than predicted by relativistic random-phase-approximation calculations. Final-state ionic configuration interaction is adduced as a possible explanation for this and other discrepancies.
Electron Detachment For H-(D-) In Collisions With Ne, T. S. Wang, John B. Delos
Electron Detachment For H-(D-) In Collisions With Ne, T. S. Wang, John B. Delos
Arts & Sciences Articles
Total cross sections for electron detachment in collisions of H− and D− with Ne are calculated, using a model based on a first‐order solution to close‐coupled equations. Quantities needed for the calculation are the energy gap and the coupling between bound and free states. The energy gap is taken from previous calculations and the coupling is assumed to be of exponential form, with parameters adjusted to fit experimental data. Special examination is made of isotope effects in the cross sections.
Search For Fractional Charges Produced In Heavy-Ion Collisions At 1.9 Gev/Nucleon, Michael A. Lindgren, David C. Joyce, Peter C. Abrams, Roger W. Bland, Robert T. Johnson, Tanya D. Knoop, Maureen H. Savage, Marion H. Scholz, Betty A. Young, Christopher L. Hodges, Alan A. Hahn, Gordon L. Shaw, Klaus S. Lackner, Howel G. Pugh, Richard Slansky
Search For Fractional Charges Produced In Heavy-Ion Collisions At 1.9 Gev/Nucleon, Michael A. Lindgren, David C. Joyce, Peter C. Abrams, Roger W. Bland, Robert T. Johnson, Tanya D. Knoop, Maureen H. Savage, Marion H. Scholz, Betty A. Young, Christopher L. Hodges, Alan A. Hahn, Gordon L. Shaw, Klaus S. Lackner, Howel G. Pugh, Richard Slansky
Physics
An experiment was performed to capture fractionally charged particles produced in heavy-ion collisions and to concentrate them in samples suitable for analysis by various techniques. Two of the samples so produced have been searched, with use of an automated version of Millikan's oil-drop apparatus. The beam was 56Fe at 1.9 GeV/nucleon, incident on a lead target. Less than one fractional charge per 1.0× 104 Fe-Pb collisions was found to be produced, and, with further assumptions, less than one per 2.0× 106 collisions.
Active-Coupling Mixing Times For A Stirred Binary Liquid, Nalini Easwar, James V. Maher, D. J. Pine, W. I. Goldburg
Active-Coupling Mixing Times For A Stirred Binary Liquid, Nalini Easwar, James V. Maher, D. J. Pine, W. I. Goldburg
Physics: Faculty Publications
Mixing times measured for a stirred critical binary liquid mixture are seen to vary dramatically with Reynolds number, Prandtl number, and the initial value of the order parameter. These variations are far too large to be explained by passive-mixing calculations; they also differ in significant respects from the active-mixing predictions of Ruiz and Nelson.
Composition Of The Critical Nucleus In Multicomponent Vapor Nucleation, Gerald Wilemski
Composition Of The Critical Nucleus In Multicomponent Vapor Nucleation, Gerald Wilemski
Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works
No abstract provided.
Ionization Of Heavy Atoms By Polarized Relativistic Protons, P.T. Leung, M. L. Rustgi
Ionization Of Heavy Atoms By Polarized Relativistic Protons, P.T. Leung, M. L. Rustgi
Physics Faculty Publications and Presentations
The effect due to the polarization of the incident high-energy (~GeV) proton beam on the ionization cross section of heavy atoms is investigated. In particular, with the use of Darwin wave functions for the atomic electron, the effect for hydrogenlike atoms is worked out. A numerical illustration shows that the polarization effect is completely insignificant. The authors also conclude that the K-shell ionization process is completely insensitive to the polarization of the incident beam.
Fe3O4 Precipitation In Magnetotactic Bacteria, Richard B. Frankel, Georgia C. Papaefthymiou, Richard P. Blakemore, Wendy O'Brien
Fe3O4 Precipitation In Magnetotactic Bacteria, Richard B. Frankel, Georgia C. Papaefthymiou, Richard P. Blakemore, Wendy O'Brien
Physics
Using Mössbauer resonance spectroscopy of 57Fe, we have determined the nature and distribution of major iron compounds in the magnetotactic bacterium Aquaspirillum magnetotacticum. In addition to magnetite (Fe3O4), cells contained a low-density hydrous ferric oxide, a high-density hydrous ferric oxide (ferrihydrite), and ferrous iron. Analysis at different temperatures of whole cells harvested early and late in growth, of mutant cells unable to synthesize magnetite, and of cell fractions enriched in 57Fe indicated that Fe3O4 precipitation resulted from partial reduction of the high-density hydrous ferric oxide precursor.
Stimulated Emission And The Flat Balmer Decrements Of Cataclysmic Variable Stars, Moshe Elitzur, Gary J. Ferland, W. G. Mathews, G. A. Shields
Stimulated Emission And The Flat Balmer Decrements Of Cataclysmic Variable Stars, Moshe Elitzur, Gary J. Ferland, W. G. Mathews, G. A. Shields
Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications
Balmer emission lines from cataclysmic variables often have nearly equal intensities rather than the rapid decrement predicted by simple nebular theory. Traditionally, this has been interpreted in terms of local thermodynamic equilibrium emission from a dense gas with small volume located just above the accretion disk. In this Letter we show that the intense radiation field within a close binary system can affect excited-state populations and optical emission in ways which allow a relatively low density gas to closely mimic the high-density situation. In at least one case, the old nova V603 Aql, the emitting gas has a low density …
Explicit Equations For The Second Brewster Angle Of An Interface Between A Transparent And An Absorbing Medium, R. M.A. Azzam
Explicit Equations For The Second Brewster Angle Of An Interface Between A Transparent And An Absorbing Medium, R. M.A. Azzam
Electrical Engineering Faculty Publications
The second Brewster angle ΦB2, at which the ratio Rp/Rs of intensity reflectances Rp and Rs for the parallel (p) and the perpendicular (s) polarizations of a dielectric-conductor interface reaches a minimum, is determined by Im[(u - ∊)(u - ∊)2/(u - 2∊)2] = 0, where ∊ is the complex ratio of dielectric constants of the media of refraction and incidence, ∊ = ∊/(∊ + 1), and u= sin2ΦB2. An equivalent quartic equation in u …
Self‐Refraction Of Nonlinear Capillary‐Gravity Waves, Partha P. Banerjee, Adrianus Korpel, Karl E. Lonngren
Self‐Refraction Of Nonlinear Capillary‐Gravity Waves, Partha P. Banerjee, Adrianus Korpel, Karl E. Lonngren
Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications
Self‐refraction effects have been observed during the propagation of deep‐water capillary‐gravity waves. The observations are shown to be in qualitative agreement with the theory of self‐focusing and defocusing in a cubically nonlinear medium in the presence of diffraction.
Search For Fractional Charges In Water, David C. Joyce, Peter C. Abrams, Roger W. Bland, Robert T. Johnson, Michael A. Lindgren, Maureen H. Savage, Marion H. Scholz, Betty A. Young, Christopher L. Hodges
Search For Fractional Charges In Water, David C. Joyce, Peter C. Abrams, Roger W. Bland, Robert T. Johnson, Michael A. Lindgren, Maureen H. Savage, Marion H. Scholz, Betty A. Young, Christopher L. Hodges
Physics
Results are presented from a search for fractional charges in water from a variety of natural sources. About 30 000 water drops have been measured, comprising 51 μg of water and dissolved materials. No evidence for fractional charge was seen.
Catalysis Of Flavor Nonconservation By Monopoles, V. Parameswaran Nair
Catalysis Of Flavor Nonconservation By Monopoles, V. Parameswaran Nair
Publications and Research
A simple argument based on current algebra is given to show how monopoles can lead to baryon decay and other flavor-changing processes.
Magnetic Field Behavior Of A Josephson-Junction Array: Two-Dimensional Flux Transport On A Periodic Substrate, Richard A. Webb, Richard F. Voss, G. Grinstein, P. M. Horn
Magnetic Field Behavior Of A Josephson-Junction Array: Two-Dimensional Flux Transport On A Periodic Substrate, Richard A. Webb, Richard F. Voss, G. Grinstein, P. M. Horn
Faculty Publications
This Letter reports measurements down to 3 mK of the magnetic field dependence of the resistance and critical current of a weakly coupled periodic array of Josephson junctions. Below 700 mK the resistance is an oscillatory function of field. The temperature dependence of the resistance for integral numbers of flux quanta per cell suggests the existence of a Kosterlitz-Thouless transition involving the unbinding of defects in the flux lattice.
Atomic Photoionization, Anthony F. Starace
Atomic Photoionization, Anthony F. Starace
Anthony F. Starace Publications
We present here a brief overview of the theory of atomic photoionization. The main aim is to describe current theoretical understanding of the dynamics of the photon-atom collision process. In particular the discussion focuses on those kinds of electron correlation that have been found to be most important for photoionization processes. The general theoretical formulation of the interaction between an incident photon and an N-electron atom is presented first. This is followed by a description of those quantitative and qualitative features of the photoionization cross section that can be understood within a central potential model. The particle-hole type of electron …
Simple And Direct Determination Of Complex Refractive Index And Thickness Of Unsupported Or Embedded Thin Films By Combined Reflection And Transmission Ellipsometry At 45° Angle Of Incidence, R. M.A. Azzam
Electrical Engineering Faculty Publications
Measurements of the polarization states (represented by complex numbers Xr and Xt, respectively) of light reflected and transmitted by an unsupported or embedded thin film, for totally polarized light (with nonzero p and s components) incident at 45°, permit simple, direct, and explicit determination of the film's complex refractive index N1 independently of film thickness or input polarization. If α = Xr/Xt, we find that α = rs + rs-1, where rs is Fresnel’s complex reflection coefficient of the ambient-film interface for the s polarization at …
Hole Transport In Pure And Doped Gaas, H. J. Lee, David C. Look
Hole Transport In Pure And Doped Gaas, H. J. Lee, David C. Look
Physics Faculty Publications
We have used a two-band model (heavy and light holes) to calculate the transport properties ofp-type GaAs. The scattering mechanisms included are acoustic-mode deformation potential, acoustic-mode piezoelectric potential, polar- and nonpolar-mode deformation potential, ionized impurity, and space charge. Interband scattering is included explicitly for the optical phonons and phenomenologically for the acoustic phonons. The intraband polar optical-mode scattering, for which a relaxation time cannot be defined, was calculated by using the numerical method of Fletcher and Butcher. The acoustic deformation-potential parameter and the coupling coefficient for interband scattering were calculated by fitting the theory to Hall-mobility data for both pure …
Low Compensation Vapor-Phase Epitaxial Gallium-Arsenide, P. C. Colter, David C. Look, D. C. Reynolds
Low Compensation Vapor-Phase Epitaxial Gallium-Arsenide, P. C. Colter, David C. Look, D. C. Reynolds
Physics Faculty Publications
Vapor phase epitaxial gallium arsenide (GaAs) layers, with lower compensation ratios than any reported heretofore, have been reproducibly grown by the Ga/H2/AsCl3 method. One of these samples has been studied extensively by electrical measurements and shows an acceptor concentration of (2.0 ± 0.7)X1013 cm-3 , and a compensation rate of NA/ND = 0.06 ± 0.02. These numbers are supported by magnetophotothermal spectroscopy and photoluminescence measurements. The preparation involves growth on [211A] substrates, and a pregrowth bakeout of the Ga source, which results in a significantly lower Zn acceptor concentration in the layer. …
Center-Of-Mass Properties Of Composite Systems Subject To Non-Linear External Interactions, James A. Lock
Center-Of-Mass Properties Of Composite Systems Subject To Non-Linear External Interactions, James A. Lock
Physics Faculty Publications
If two bound nonrelativistic quantum particles are each subject to a nonlinear external potential, their Schrödinger equation does not separate in relative and center-of-mass coordinates. For this case, the details of internal state of the composite affect its center-of-mass properties. The extent of this internal state influence is examined for an exactly soluble one-dimensional model system.