Physics Commons^™

Diffusion Of Gold Nanoparticles Within Polymer Solutions And Gels, Kavindya Kumari Senanayake R W H

Wayne State University Dissertations

Soft matter is a subfield of condensed matter physics including systems, such as polymers, colloidal dispersions, liquid crystals, surfactants. Understanding their interaction and dynamics is essential for many interdisciplinary fields of study as well as important for technological advancements. We used gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) to investigate the length-scale dependent dynamics in dilute, semidilute, entangled polymer solutions and gels. Two-photon fluctuation correlation spectroscopy (FCS) technique was used to investigate the translation diffusion coefficient of AuNPs. For polymer solutions, we found that existing hydrodynamic and obstruction models are inadequate to describe the size dependence of the particle diffusion coefficient. Within entangled Poly …

High Frequency Percussive Ventilation For Tumor Motion Immobilization, Ina Marina Sala

Wayne State University Dissertations

This work investigates the use of High Frequency Percussive Ventilation as a technique for respiratory motion mitigation in radiotherapy. This technique was extensively investigated in several prospective and retrospective studies.

In an initial prospective study, we evaluated the feasibility of HFPV and chest-wall motion reduction, by recruiting 15 healthy volunteers to undergo HFPV with three commercially available interfaces. For direct tumor motion immobilization, a second prospective study was performed in which with ten lung cancer patients underwent HFPV while imaged with high frame rate fluoroscopy. Diaphragm motion and image artifacts were quantified in a prospective study of a healthy volunteer …

Colloidal Dynamics Within Polymer Solutions And Complex Fluids, Namita Shokeen

Wayne State University Dissertations

Soft matter is a subfield of condensed matter physics that includes the study of colloidal dynamics. This is important in multidisciplinary fields for technological and medical advancements. My research focused on quantifying the dynamics of nano and micron-sized particles within various media using two-photon fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) and differential dynamic microscopy (DDM). FCS is a single photon sensitive technique that detects spontaneous fluctuations in fluorescence during dynamical processes over time while DDM used optical microscopy to analyze the colloidal motion in Fourier space. The diffusion coefficient (D) of 25 nm radii particles within aqueous entangled solutions of polyethylene oxide …

Balance Functions Of Charged Hadron Pairs $(\Pi,K,P)\Otimes (\Pi,K,P)$ In Pb--Pb Collisions At $\Sqrt{S_{_{\Rm Nn}}} =$2.76 Tev, Jinjin Pan

Wayne State University Dissertations

We present the first balance function (BF) measurement of charged hadron pairs $(\pi,K,p)\otimes (\pi,K,p)$ in Pb--Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{\rm NN}}} =$2.76 TeV.

The BF measurements are carried out as two-dimensional (2D) differential correlators vs. the relative rapidity ($\Delta y$) and azimuthal angle ($\Delta\varphi$) of hadron pairs, and studied as a function of collision centrality. While the BF azimuthal widths of all pairs substantially decrease from peripheral to central collisions, the longitudinal widths exhibit mixed behaviors: BF of $\pi\pi$ and cross-species pairs narrow in more central collisions whereas those of $KK$ and $pp$ are found invariant with collision centrality. This dichotomy …

Jet Geometry Engineering Via Di-Jet Imbalance Measurements At Rhic In Star, Nicholas Elsey

Wayne State University Dissertations

Ultra-relativistic heavy ion collisions produced at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) and the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) produce a new state of matter of deconfined quarks and gluons (partons) called the quark-gluon plasma (QGP). This plasma of deconfined but strongly coupled partons is believed to have been the primary state of matter in the universe up to a few milliseconds after the Big Bang. High energy partons produced in hard scatterings early in the collision can be used to probe the entire lifetime of the QGP. These partons propagate through and interact with the QGP before fragmenting into collimated …