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University of Arkansas, Fayetteville

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Articles 331 - 360 of 547

Full-Text Articles in Water Resource Management

Woodruff County Groundwater Vulnerability, H. D. Scott Jan 1993

Woodruff County Groundwater Vulnerability, H. D. Scott

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

There is much unknown about the extent of pesticide contamination of groundwater in Arkansas. In recent years, several research studies have been conducted where wells for irrigation and domestic uses have been sampled and analyzed for pesticides (Lavy, 1988; USGS,1993; Nichols, et al., 1993). For state and federal regulatory agencies, evaluation of the potential ground water contamination begins with considering those areas in Arkansas where pesticides are used and where the ground water is vulnerable to contamination. With a relatively large area of crops grown in Arkansas and only limited financial resources available for chemical analyses by state and federal …

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Ichthyofauna Of The Village Creek System, Anthony Holt, George L. Harp Jan 1993

Ichthyofauna Of The Village Creek System, Anthony Holt, George L. Harp

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Village creek is a lowland stream lying in the Mississippi Embayment in Randolph, Lawrence and Jackson counties in northeastern Arkansas. The stream has been channelized in Randolph and Lawrence counties as have most of its tributaries. The Jackson County portion of the stream has not been channelized. Twelve sites were sampled seasonally by seining along Village Creek and its tributaries. In addition to seasonal work, six sites were sampled from one to three times each by several methods. A total of 8000 specimens was collected by all means used (7754 at seasonal sites and 246 at supplemental sites). Forty-two species …

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Three Year Study On A Cypress-Tupelo Swamp In Independence County, Arkansas, Veryl V. Board, Andrea Reeves, Charlotte Allen Jan 1993

Three Year Study On A Cypress-Tupelo Swamp In Independence County, Arkansas, Veryl V. Board, Andrea Reeves, Charlotte Allen

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Larval Chironomids Of The St. Francis Sunken Lands In Northeast Arkansas, Betty G. Cochran, Edmond J. Bacon Jr., George L. Harp Jan 1993

Larval Chironomids Of The St. Francis Sunken Lands In Northeast Arkansas, Betty G. Cochran, Edmond J. Bacon Jr., George L. Harp

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Sixty semi-annual collections (August 1987-July 1988) were made from 30 stations by sampling each station twice for 1.5 man-hours with an aquatic dipnet. Larval chironomids were mounted on slides and identified at 400-1000 magnifications using a Leitz Dialux 20 EB microscope. A survey of the aquatic macroinvertebrates of the St. Francis Sunken Lands in northeast Arkansas revealed 36 taxa of Order Diptera, Family Chironomidae. The taxa were used to evaluate the general health of the aquatic environment. Stations that were located within the least disturbed areas, which were old river channels and oxbows, contained the highest number of organisms and …

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Environmental Analysis Of The Caddo River And Its Tributaries: Comparison Of Water Quality During 1992 With 1974-75, Kelly L. House, Jimmy D. Bragg, Clark Kuyper, T. Kent Thomas, C. Renn Tumlison Jan 1993

Environmental Analysis Of The Caddo River And Its Tributaries: Comparison Of Water Quality During 1992 With 1974-75, Kelly L. House, Jimmy D. Bragg, Clark Kuyper, T. Kent Thomas, C. Renn Tumlison

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Environmental data related to water quality of the Caddo River and its tributaries were collected from March - October, 1992, and compared with data from August, 1974 - May, 1975. Bacterial, chemical and physical parameters were investigated at six river locations and thirteen tributary sites. Ammonia, nitrates, soluble phosphorus, turbidity and fecal coliform were significantly lower, and sodium and potassium were significantly higher in 1992 than during the previous study. Bacterial loading exceeded EPA criteria at some locations during both studies.

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Arkansas Agricultural Chemical Ground-Water Management Plan, Gerald King, Darryl Little, Tim Jessup, Charles Armstrong Oct 1992

Arkansas Agricultural Chemical Ground-Water Management Plan, Gerald King, Darryl Little, Tim Jessup, Charles Armstrong

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

The Arkansas Agricultural Chemical Ground-Water Management Plan (SMP) is based on the Draft State Pesticide Ground- Water Management Plan Guidance and The Pesticides and Ground-Water Protection Strategy prepared by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The need for a plan to protect ground water from contamination by agricultural chemicals and agents arises from evidence nationwide that using these chemicals can, in some instances, lead to contamination. In February 1988, EPA proposed a strategy to regulate certain pesticides by prohibiting their use in areas vulnerable to leaching unless a state develops and implements an acceptable management plan. The advantage of a …

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Relationship Between Ground And Surface Water Quality In Karst Systems, Richard L. Meyer Sep 1992

Relationship Between Ground And Surface Water Quality In Karst Systems, Richard L. Meyer

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

Springs in Northwest Arkansas may originate from relatively small fractures in rock strata or from cave systems. The water emerging from these springs is frequently used as water sources for plants, animals and humans. The quality of the ground water source and the emerging water are uncertain and frequently unknown. In addition, the opportunity to monitor changes in water quality during flow from origin (water entering the cave) to emergence is uncommon. Cave systems with definable drainage basins and accessible sampling points near the midpoint of the cave are also uncommon. Examining the interface between the quality of surface water …

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Fact Sheet No.2: Water Quality And Poultry Disposal Pits, T. C. Daniel, D. R. Edwards, D. J. Nichols, K. F. Steele, Steve Wilkes Jul 1992

Fact Sheet No.2: Water Quality And Poultry Disposal Pits, T. C. Daniel, D. R. Edwards, D. J. Nichols, K. F. Steele, Steve Wilkes

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

Disposing of poultry that die during grow out is a serious management problem for poultry producers in Northwest Arkansas and across the country. Poultry disposal can affect water quality and the health of wildlife, livestock and people.

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Arkansas Agricultural Chemical Ground-Water Management Plan - Appendices, Gerald King, Darryl Little, Tim Jessup, Charles Armstrong Jul 1992

Arkansas Agricultural Chemical Ground-Water Management Plan - Appendices, Gerald King, Darryl Little, Tim Jessup, Charles Armstrong

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

The Arkansas Agricultural Chemical Ground-Water Management Plan (SMP) is based on the Draft State Pesticide Ground- Water Management Plan Guidance and The Pesticides and Ground-Water Protection Strategy prepared by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The need for a plan to protect ground water from contamination by agricultural chemicals and agents arises from evidence nationwide that using these chemicals can, in some instances, lead to contamination. In February 1988, EPA proposed a strategy to regulate certain pesticides by prohibiting their use in areas vulnerable to leaching unless a state develops and implements an acceptable management plan. The advantage of a …

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Gis Characterization Of Beaver Watershed, H. D. Scott, J. M. Mckimmey Jun 1992

Gis Characterization Of Beaver Watershed, H. D. Scott, J. M. Mckimmey

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

Beaver Reservoir watershed is located in Northwest Arkansas including portions of Madison, Washington, Benton, Carroll, Franklin and Crawford counties. This watershed is important to the Northwest Arkansas region because it supplies most of the drinking water for the major towns and cities, and several rural water systems. The watershed consists of 308,971 ha with elevations ranging from approximately 341 m to 731 m above mean sea level. It includes the Springfield Plateau and the Boston Mountains provinces within the Ozark Plateau physiographic region. There are approximately 581 km of streams, 532 km of shore line, and 3712 km of roads …

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Evaluation Of The Water Quality Impacts Of Land Application Of Poultry Litter, T. C. Daniels, D. R. Edwards Jun 1992

Evaluation Of The Water Quality Impacts Of Land Application Of Poultry Litter, T. C. Daniels, D. R. Edwards

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

Evaluating the effect of land application of animal waste on water quality is fraught with inherent variability due to differing infiltration rates, slope, rainfall intensity and etc . Simulated rainfall technology has been used in erosion research for decades. Generally, this technology is used on plots of sufficient size (25 x 5 m) to develop rill and interrill erosion. The object of this investigation was to adapt and modify existing rainfall simulation technology used in soil erosion research for use in evaluating water quality impacts of land application of animal waste, and to test, evaluate and demonstrate it's scientific validity. …

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Effect Of Land Application Of Poultry Waste On Pesticide Loss, T. C. Daniel, D. R. Edwards Jun 1992

Effect Of Land Application Of Poultry Waste On Pesticide Loss, T. C. Daniel, D. R. Edwards

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

The poultry industry in Arkansas is a large, concentrated, growing industry that produces a high volume of fecal waste. Most of this waste is surface applied as pasture fertilizer. Pesticides are commonly used in the poultry industry for fly and litter beetle contro land are often a component of the surface-applied poultry waste. No information exists in the scientific literature regarding the transport of this pesticide component to nearby water supplies.Our research focused on cyromazine, a feed-through larvicide used to control flies in caged-layer hen houses. Tetrachlorvinphos and carbaryl are also used in poultry waste, but these pesticides have a …

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Reconnaissance Survey Of Nitrate Concentrations In Ground Water In Howard And Pike Counties, Arkansas, Travis Thornton, Kenneth F. Steele Feb 1992

Reconnaissance Survey Of Nitrate Concentrations In Ground Water In Howard And Pike Counties, Arkansas, Travis Thornton, Kenneth F. Steele

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

In recent years, the rapid growth of poultry and hog production in Arkansas has caused concern regarding nitrate contamination of the ground water. In the study area of Pike and Howard Counties, the number of hogs has increased from 3,300 hogs in 1970 to 75,000 hogs in 1990. Poultr¥ production for the area has increased from 38,933,000 per year 1n 1970 to 62,774,000 per year in 1990. As animal production increases, so does the amount of animal waste that must be disposed. Hog production is of particular concern. Typical hog operations store concentrated animal waste in lagoons prior to land …

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Fact Sheet No.1: Nonpoint Source Pollution And Water Quality Of Northwest Arkansas, T. C. Daniel, D. R. Edwards, D. C. Wolf, K. F. Steele, M. J. Cochran Jan 1992

Fact Sheet No.1: Nonpoint Source Pollution And Water Quality Of Northwest Arkansas, T. C. Daniel, D. R. Edwards, D. C. Wolf, K. F. Steele, M. J. Cochran

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

Preservation of a clean, safe, and biologically diverse environment can capture public attention as few other issues can. Indeed, recent international cooperative efforts indicate that there is an increasing global desire to pass on to future generations an environment at least equal in quality to the one we inherited.

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Phytoplankton Community Abundance And Diversity In Dardanelle Reservoir, Arkansas, 1981-1990, John D. Rickett, Robert L. Watson Jan 1992

Phytoplankton Community Abundance And Diversity In Dardanelle Reservoir, Arkansas, 1981-1990, John D. Rickett, Robert L. Watson

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Phytoplankton samples were collected quarterly from 1981-1990 at five stations representing discharge water from Arkansas Nuclear One, a nuclear generating station, and four "control" or "dispersal evaluation" stations. Seventy-five taxa representing five divisions were identified and enumerated. Community structure was evaluated using abundances, number of taxa, and Margalef's Richness, Shannon's Heterogeneity and Pielou's Evenness indices. No long-term trends were identified, but the beginning of cyclic variations, with a 7-year periodicity, in abundance, number of taxa, and Shannon's and Pielou's indices were apparent. Margalef's index values were constant during most of the study period. For all samples, t-tests and Mann-Whitney U …

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Bacteriological Water Quality Of Beaver Reservoir, Arkansas, Jimmy D. Bragg, Mark E. Clark Jan 1992

Bacteriological Water Quality Of Beaver Reservoir, Arkansas, Jimmy D. Bragg, Mark E. Clark

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Beaver Reservoir water quality was determined through enumeration of Total coliforms and Fecal coliforms bacterial parameters at selected locations during 1991. Several areas of the reservoir contained high numbers of indicator bacteria, suggesting excessive fecal contamination. Significant numbers of salmonella-like bacteria were also cultured on SS agar, and several strains were serotyped positive for Salmonella antigens.

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Zooplankton Community Abundance And Diversity In Dardanelle Reservoir, Arkansas, 1981-1990, John D. Rickett, Robert L. Watson Jan 1992

Zooplankton Community Abundance And Diversity In Dardanelle Reservoir, Arkansas, 1981-1990, John D. Rickett, Robert L. Watson

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Zooplankton samples were collected quarterly from five stations representing the discharge bay and four "control" or "dispersing impact" stations. Rotifers dominated all samples numerically and by the number of taxa. All major groups (Rotifera, Cladocera, Copepoda, and Protozoa) exhibited greatest abundances during the summer. Quarterly variations in abundance and number of taxa were documented. Except for an increase in taxonomic analysis detail between 1981 and 1984 resulting in several more taxa added to the list, no long-term increases, declines or repeating cycles were apparent. Margalef's Richness Index reflected this change and showed a long-term increase with evidence of a 5- …

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Using Physical, Chemical And Biological Indicators To Assess Water Quality On The Ouachita National Forest Utilizing Basin Area Stream Survey Methods, J. Alan Clingenpeel, Betty G. Cochran Jan 1992

Using Physical, Chemical And Biological Indicators To Assess Water Quality On The Ouachita National Forest Utilizing Basin Area Stream Survey Methods, J. Alan Clingenpeel, Betty G. Cochran

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The Ouachita National Forest (ONF) has developed a series of Best Management Practices (BMP's) designed to protect water quality and associated beneficial uses (fisheries, municipal water supplies, etc.). A monitoring program is necessary to document the effectiveness of that protection. The Basin Area Stream Survey (BASS) methodology provides a monitoring link from BMP's to the aquatic ecosystems. The goal of BASS is to identify the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of a stream in a format that will allow comparisons with other streams, and indicate when a stream is being impacted. Six index streams within two ecoregions were selected and …

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Evaluation Of Water Quality Data - Beaver Lake - Table Of Contents Through Section Iii, (Part I), James W. Moore Sep 1991

Evaluation Of Water Quality Data - Beaver Lake - Table Of Contents Through Section Iii, (Part I), James W. Moore

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

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Evaluation Of Water Quality Data - Beaver Lake - Appendices C - K, (Part Iv), James W. Moore Sep 1991

Evaluation Of Water Quality Data - Beaver Lake - Appendices C - K, (Part Iv), James W. Moore

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

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Evaluation Of Water Quality Data - Blue Mountain Lake, James W. Moore Sep 1991

Evaluation Of Water Quality Data - Blue Mountain Lake, James W. Moore

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

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Evaluation Of Water Quality Data - Beaver Lake - Appendices A - Bt, (Part Iii), James W. Moore Sep 1991

Evaluation Of Water Quality Data - Beaver Lake - Appendices A - Bt, (Part Iii), James W. Moore

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

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Evaluation Of Water Quality Data - Beaver Lake - Section Iv Through Table Xli, (Part Ii), James W. Moore Sep 1991

Evaluation Of Water Quality Data - Beaver Lake - Section Iv Through Table Xli, (Part Ii), James W. Moore

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

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Oklahoma State University And University Of Arkansas, Fayetteville Cooperative Report On Evaluation And Assessment Factors Affecting Water Quality Of The Illinois River In Arkansas, Richard L. Meyer, Art V. Brown, David G. Parker Aug 1991

Oklahoma State University And University Of Arkansas, Fayetteville Cooperative Report On Evaluation And Assessment Factors Affecting Water Quality Of The Illinois River In Arkansas, Richard L. Meyer, Art V. Brown, David G. Parker

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

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Determination Of Optimal Timing Of Poultry Waste Disposal By Meteorological, Hydrological, And Water Quality Modeling Techniques, D. R. Edwards, T. C. Daniel Jun 1991

Determination Of Optimal Timing Of Poultry Waste Disposal By Meteorological, Hydrological, And Water Quality Modeling Techniques, D. R. Edwards, T. C. Daniel

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

Approximately one million Mg of broiler litter were generated in conjunction with Arkansas' 1989 broiler production. Common practices for disposal of the waste have the potential to damage the quality of downstream rivers and lakes. This possibility is enhanced due to the concentration of broiler production in areas of the state with shallow soils, steep slopes, and limited suitable disposal area. Since the risk of pollution is greatest immediately following disposal and increases with rainfall depth and intensity, adverse water quality impacts may be mitigated by timing the application to coincide with low probability of surface losses of the nutrients …

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The Aquatic Macroinvertebrates Of The White River National Wildlife Refuge, Steve W. Chordas Iii, George L. Harp Jun 1991

The Aquatic Macroinvertebrates Of The White River National Wildlife Refuge, Steve W. Chordas Iii, George L. Harp

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

The primary purpose of this study was to survey the diversity of the aquatic macroinvertebrates of the White River National Wildlife Refuge (WRNWR). Determining relative abundance and distributional and seasonal patterns were secondary objectives. No comprehensive investigations of the WRNWR aquatic macroinvertebrates had been conducted previously, and it was hypothesized that this relatively undisturbed area may serve as a refugium. Further, this study provides base line data by which management programs can be composed. Thirty sampling stations were established within the WRNWR. Samples were collected from north to south at a basic rate of five stations per month. Revisit collections …

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Water Quality As Affected By Pesticides In Rice Production, W. G. Johnson, T. L. Lavy, J. D. Mattice, B. W. Skulman, R. E. Talbert, R. J. Smith Jun 1991

Water Quality As Affected By Pesticides In Rice Production, W. G. Johnson, T. L. Lavy, J. D. Mattice, B. W. Skulman, R. E. Talbert, R. J. Smith

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

Studies were conducted to determine the environmental persistence of the rice pesticides triclopyr, 2,4-D, benomyl and quinclorac. Triclopyr half-lives ranged from <7 d to >100 d depending on depth within the soil profile and clay content. Triclopyr persistence increased as depth within the profile increased and clay content increased. The benomyl metabolite MBC was present at greater than 50% of the initial amount after 9 months in the field. In simulated carryover field studies quinclorac exhibited the greatest potential for injury to subsequent rotational crops. Cotton and soybean growth was reduced when planted at four weeks after quinclorac application. The adsorption of triclopyr …

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Determination Of The Abient Toxicity Of The Tailwater Of Nimrod Lake, John T. Knight Jun 1991

Determination Of The Abient Toxicity Of The Tailwater Of Nimrod Lake, John T. Knight

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

The objective of this research was to determine if ambient toxicity exists in the receiving stream below a reservoir in which water from the hypolimnion is released. The Ceriodaphnia 7-day test was utilized to determine if toxicity existed. This test is routinely used in the monitoring of municipal and industrial effluent. It has also been utilized in determining if ambient toxicity exists within receiving streams. Nimrod Lake is a flood control impoundment on the Fourche LaFave River in west central Arkansas. The literature suggest that during stratification the hypolimnetic release contains high levels of iron, manganese, ammonia and sulfide during …

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The Association Of Water Quality Parameters, Geological Substrates And Periphyton Community Structure, Richard L. Meyer, Julia Christensen Eichman Jun 1991

The Association Of Water Quality Parameters, Geological Substrates And Periphyton Community Structure, Richard L. Meyer, Julia Christensen Eichman

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

This research was designed to understand the structure of epilithic diatom assemblage of a first-to-third order stream system which has minimal variance in nutrient concentration, but significant differences in geomorphological character. The primary objective was to determine the importance of geological substrate on the structure of the diatom assemblages. The second objective was to examine the effect of flow on these assemblages, and the third part of the research was to develop a seasonal model of temporal and spatial annual succession. The temporal and spatial models represent the effect of seasons, stream order, substrate characteristics, storm events, and periods of …

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Investigation Of The Relationship Of Earthquakes And Underground Waste Disposal In The El Dorado Area, Arkansas, Randel Cox, Roy B. Vanarsdale Apr 1991

Investigation Of The Relationship Of Earthquakes And Underground Waste Disposal In The El Dorado Area, Arkansas, Randel Cox, Roy B. Vanarsdale

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

From December, 1983 to September, 1989 twelve small earthquakes were recorded for the El Dorado, Arkansas area. Magnitudes of these earthquakes were well below damaging levels. Prior to this time no seismicity was reported in the area, suggesting that the earthquakes were not naturally occurring and may have been the result of human activity. El Dorado is located at the margin of a region of underground waste brine disposal and along a major fault zone. Elevated pore pressures resulting from brine disposal may have reduced the normal (locking) stresses across fault surfaces and triggered fault movement. Two injection wells (Great …

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