Sustainability Commons^™

Characteristics Of Height Of Water Flowing Fractured Zone Caused During Ful-Ly-Mechanized Caving Mining In Huanglong Coalfield, Li Chaofeng

Coal Geology & Exploration

In order to study the law of height of water flowing fractured zone caused by fully-mechanized caving mining in Huanglong coalfield, this paper has systematically collected the measured data in the region, and methods of mathematical statistics and regression analysis were used to study the relationship among the height of water flowing fractured zone, width of working face, depth of coal seam and height of coal mining. The results show that:When the width of working face was less than 240 m and the height of coal mining was 8.5 to 9.5 m, the height of water flowing fractured zone under …

Research On Collapsibility Of A Loess Site In Pakistan, Liu Chunlong, Zhang Zhiqiang, Liu Fengyin, Liu Naifei, Sun Hongchao, Lyu Wenjun

Coal Geology & Exploration

The loess of an area in Pakistan is the Quaternary Holocene alluvium. The study and existing geological data in this area are relatively few, and special research is needed. In order to determine the distribution and collapsibility of the lo-ess, based on the construction distribution of the loess site, undisturbed soil sample was selected at the typical location. The unconfined compression strength tests and compressive tests were carried out. The structural characteristics of loess were quantitatively described by structural index. The self-weight collapsible coefficient and collapsible coefficient of loess were determined, the self-weight settlement and the total settlement were calculated …

Method For Determination Of Measurent Time Of Resistivity Logging In Artificial Well Liquid, Wang Haijun, Ma Liang

Coal Geology & Exploration

In order to solve the problem of determining the most critical parameter of the logging time of artificial well fluid resistivity logging, and get rid of the method that depends on the construction experience for a long time, guide logging technicians to obtain reliable logging curves, from the factors influencing the measurement time, the mass conservation law was used to build the calculation model for the best measurement time of logging, the computational formula for the best measurement time was derived, which was verified through in-site contrast experiment of boreholes. The results show that the computational formula set up by …

Table Of Contents, The Editors

Coal Geology & Exploration

No abstract provided.

Technology And Method Of Cbm Concurrent Exploration During Coal Resources Exploration, Lin Yabing, Qin Yong, Duan Zhonghui, Ma Dongmin

Coal Geology & Exploration

The coal seam serves as a geological carrier for CBM, and exploration of CBM and coal resources is a man-datory requirement for the management of national mineral resources. Based on the practice of project exploration in recent years, it analyzed the evaluation criteria of CBM resources in the process of coal resources exploration. On this basis, the exploration ideas, exploration methods, tasks, report preparations have proposed a method system for CBM in the ex-ploration of coal resources. According to the particularity of CBM exploration work methods, CBM seismic, well logging, drilling, well log, gas drainage, and engineering quality acceptance methods …

Trajectory Design Of Oblique Section In Nearly Horizontal Directional Hole In Inclined Formation In Underground Coal Mine, Zhang Yingjie, Zhao Yongzhe, Yang Zhong, Mo Haitao

Coal Geology & Exploration

Trajectory design of the near-horizontal directional drilling technology in underground coal mine is one of key aspects to successfully implement the technology. The trajectory of hole in a nearly horizontal formation is designed generally by two-dimensional method, and this method usually leads to the problem that the deflecting section of the hole travels out of the inclined target formation.Therefor, the calculation methods of the drilled formation true thickness were studied in the paper, the method using the unit normal vector of formation was proposed, and computation table in Excel was developed to guide trajectory design of near-horizontal directional drilling. The …

Experimental Of Water Unlocking Stimulation Mechanism On Surfactant Fracturing Fluid, Song Jinxing, Yu Shiyao, Su Xianbo, Wang Qian

Coal Geology & Exploration

This paper presents an experimental study of water unlocking stimulation mechanism on surfactant fracturing fluid based on the measurements of surface tension, contact angle, gas-phase permeabilities and desorption of nitrogen on synthetic coal samples. The coking coal in Liulin zone of Hedong coal field was used as testing object in this study. Active water and surfactant fracturing fluids were used as testing liquids in this study. Results show that the surfactant fracturing fluid(1.5%KCl+0.05%AN) reduces the surface tension of active water fracturing fluid(1.5%KCl) and increases the wettabil-ity of active water fracturing fluid to coal reservoir; the surfactant fracturing fluid reduces the …

The Characteristics Of Organic Matter In Coal-Measure Source Rocks And Coal-Measure Gas Resource Potential In Eastern Henan Province, Yang Yanqing, Zhang Xiaodong, Xu Yakun, Zhang Peng, Wang Kun, Zhu Chunhui

Coal Geology & Exploration

In order to evaluate the hydrocarbon generation potential of coal-measure source rocks in eastern Henan Province, based on the measurement results of organic carbon content, vitrinite reflectance and the identification of maceral and type of kerogen in source rocks, the organic geochemical characteristics and the resource potential of coal-measure gas in different blocks of eastern Henan Province were comprehensively analyzed, and favorable blocks for coal-measure gas exploration were designated. The results show that the organic carbon mass fraction of coal-measure source rocks presents low as a whole(less than 1.5%). Kerogen in coal-measures source rocks is mainly of type Ⅲ and …

Analysis Of Water Abundance Characteristics Of Sandstone Aquifer In Luohe Formation On The Basis Of Arcgis, Hou Enke, Long Tianwen, Liu Qingli, Wang Fei, Fan Zhigang

Coal Geology & Exploration

Aquifer water abundance evaluation is the prerequisite for coalmine water inflow prediction and water disaster prevention. Luohe aquifer is the roof of No.4 coal seam on panel 41 in Wenjiapo mine. Six main controlling factors of Luohe aquifer chosen to assess coal water abundance are aquifer thickness, porosity, moisture content, washing liquid consumption and apparent resistivity of upper and lower Luohe Formation. Analytic hierarchy process(AHP) has been used to determine the weight of each control factor. Based on ArcGIS numerical visualization platform, the vector maps of factors are normalized and superimposed, and then water abundance evaluation model of aquifer based …

Fuzzy Random Optimization Of Generalized Kelvin Constitutive Model For Creep Of Artificial Freezing Clay, Yao Yafeng, Cheng Hua, Rong Chuanxin, Zhang Nan, Lin Jian

Coal Geology & Exploration

The constitutive model of freezing creep is one of the important reference data for shaft building using freezing method. Uniaxial creep tests under different stress levels were conducted for the artificial freezing clay at -5℃, -10℃, -15℃ and -20℃. So the changing rules of creep curves were obtained under the condition of different temperatures and different stress levels. On this basis, traditional Guess-Newton algorithm has been improved by fuzzy random iterative search and the of the fuzzy random Guess-Newton algorithm steps were obtained, then we use the improved algorithm to optimize the parameters of the generalized Kelvin constructive model, obtained …

Clgis Logging Data Format Conversion, Lin Jiamin, Zhang Gong

Coal Geology & Exploration

In order to solve the problem of DAT log data format conversion, well logging data of CLGIS(Coalfield Logging Geology Interpretation System) is analyzed in detail. On the basis of analysis of the data storage format, format conversion program is written. The program can accurately convert the DAT format data to LAS format data promptly. The LAS format data can be loaded into the commonly used well logging software in oil field easily. With the help of powerful software, the drawing efficiency and quality of coalfield well logging is greatly improved.

Mechanical Characteristics And Test Of Rotary Drilling Of Pdc Anchor Bit, Zhang Youzhen, Zhang Ning, Zhang Xianzhen

Coal Geology & Exploration

For the construction requirements of the fast and accurate drilling of anchor hole in a coal roadway, the main mechanical factors are analyzed in theory through the establishment of PDC anchor bit rotary drilling mechanics model. The results show that the axial force of the PDC cutting tooth increases with the increase of the penetration depth, and shows the trend of first decreasing and then increasing with the increase of the cutting angle. When the friction coefficient of the coal-bearing strata is 0.20 to 0.43, the optimum cutting angle is from 15.0° to 18.3°, and the axial force and the …

State Environmental Public Policies And The Interaction With Wholesale Electric Markets, Cynthia L. M. Holland

Sustainability Seminar Series

Several States, including New Jersey, pursued utility restructuring in the late 1990s, transitioning to competitive markets. Recognizing that those markets may not achieve the states’ environmental policy goals, many of these states have enacted legislation that offer incentives to clean or renewable energy sources. This seminar will discuss the jurisdictional tensions that have developed as a result of the integration of state environmental policies into the wholesale market.

Potential Economic Impacts Of Allocating More Land For Bioenergy Biomass Production In Virginia, Thomas O. Ochuodho, Janaki Alavalapati, Pankaj Lal, Domena A. Agyeman, Bernabas Wolde, Pralhad Burli

Department of Earth and Environmental Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

The growing attention to renewable energy and rural development has created greater demand for production of biomass feedstock for bioenergy. However, forest growth rates and the amount of land in most existing forests may not be sufficient to sustainably supply the forest biomass required to support existing forest products industries and the expanding bioenergy industry. Additionally, concerns about agricultural land use competition have dampened expansion of biomass production on agricultural land base. One of the ways to meet the growing forest biomass feedstock demand for bioenergy production is by allocating currently marginal non-forested land for growing bioenergy feedstocks. In Virginia, …

Sustainability On Campus, Jennifer Thomson

Bucknell: Occupied

Jennifer Thomson, assistant professor of History at Bucknell University, interviews three Bucknell student activists. The group discussed a recent campus sustainability forum, and expanded on various sustainability-related topics. Issues included food waste and insecurity, divestment [fossil-fuel], and economic sustainability versus environmental sustainability. The students also discussed campus culture and the challenges with and opportunities for engaging with the campus community and encouraging sustainable actions.

Global Sustainability That Respects Cultural Diversity & Individual Health Needs, Meriterese Racanelli

Sustainability Seminar Series

The USA Centers for Disease Control and National Institutes of Health have classified excessive sodium consumption, high blood pressure and diabetes as national health epidemics across various ethnic cultures. The United Nations and other countries classify these as Global Epidemics. Interestingly,some ways to help fix this national and global health crisis can be found in the balance of sustainable environmentally-friendly agriculture, green technologies, and cultural competencies. Learn how sustainability studies, research, and jobs can still respect an individual’s ethnic heritage, culture, and nutritional health needs, while improving the community health at large... from local to global. Sustainability can help us …

Investigations Of The Potential For Irrigated Agriculture On The Bonaparte Plains: Land Capability Assessment Report, Henry Smolinski

Resource management technical reports

This report describes 55 000 hectares of predominantly red sands and sandy loams — locally referred to as Cockatoo Sands — on the Bonaparte Plains about 70 kilometres north of the Ord River Irrigation Area, Kununurra. It builds on soil surveys conducted in 2009 and 2015, which identified significant areas of red soils in the Kununurra area that could be suitable for agriculture.

The Cockatoo Sands generally have loamy, sand topsoils that grade to sandy loam with depth. The soil profiles are very deep, well drained to rapidly drained, and highly permeable. These soil characteristics support a large range of …

Effectiveness Of Windrow Composting Methodology In Killing A Thermo-Tolerant Species Of Salmonella During Mortality Composting, Spencer Gabriel Myers

Master's Theses

In a large agricultural operation, such as the one at Cal Poly San Luis Obispo, disposal of deceased animals is an immense issue. The cost of transporting and rendering every dead animal is inhibitory to the general function of the agricultural operations and their thin budget. Therefore, we propose that composting mortalities could be an economical alternative. Composting is a recognized method for taking animal waste products along with carbon waste and turning it into a pathogen-free, nutrient-rich topsoil. Carcass composting is in fact performed in other countries and states to varying degrees of success. However, the California EPA limits …

Plastics, Degradability, And The Environment, Peter Strom

Sustainability Seminar Series

Harmful environmental effects of plastics have long been condemned by activists, and some of these problems are well documented. However, in seeking to substitute other materials or make changes in the properties of the plastics themselves, it is important that the policies implemented do not worsen existing or create new environmental problems. This seminar will discuss some of the general concerns associated with this issue, such as the environmental impacts of using other materials instead of plastics, and then focus on degradable plastics. What is degradability, when might it be valuable, and will these products in fact degrade? Results of …

Understanding Greenhouse Gases, Julie M. Mueller, Laura Edwards, Madhav P. Nepal, Larry B. Browning, Matthew L. Miller, P. Troy White

iLEARN Teaching Resources

Students will conduct hands-on experiments to see how greenhouse gases interact with the Earth’s atmosphere and how greenhouse gases affect temperature. This lesson introduces National Geographic’s Geo-Inquiry Process, where students will identify a Geo-inquiry question, collect data, and create a project around the answer to their question. Students will then present their findings to their peers and evaluate their Geo-Inquiry process.

Adsorbability Of Shale In Coal Measures And Its Influencing Factors, Zhang Baoxin, Fu Xuehai, Zhang Qinghui, Zhou Baoyan, Liu Zheng

Coal Geology & Exploration

In order to reveal the adsorption and gas-bearing characteristics of shale in coal measures, this study was based on the gas content, isotherm adsorption, high-pressure mercury injection, and liquid nitrogen adsorption of more than 200 coal shale in six major coal fields in Shanxi Province and Junggar basin. XRD diffraction and other measured data, the adsorption and gas characteristics of shale were analyzed, and the influencing factors were discussed. The results show that the measured gas content of shale is between 0-5.87 cm³/g, concentrated at 0.90-2.00 cm³/g; V_L is between 0.11-6.3 cm³/g with …

Distribution Characteristics Of Associated Elements In Middle Jurassic Coal In The North Of Datong Coalfield And Their Geological Significance, Qu Xiaorong

Coal Geology & Exploration

In order to study the geochemical characteristics and geological significance of associated elements in Middle Jurassic coal of Datong coalfield, the distribution and occurrence of the associated elements in 9 coal seams in the northern Datong coalfield were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS), X-ray diffraction(XRD), optical electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy(SEM). The results show that the Jurassic coal in Datong coalfield has low trace element content, and beneficial elements(Li, Ga) are far lower than the boundary grade, which has no development potential. But the harmful elements such as Co and Zn in No.2 coal, Tl in No.9, …

Storage Rule And Controlling Factors Of Coalbed Gas In Zhaoguan Mine Field Of Huanghebei Coalfiled, Song Xiaozhong

Coal Geology & Exploration

Storage rule and controlling factors of coalbed gas in Zhaoguan mine field were analyzed on the basis of the generation, storage and migration theory of coalbed gas in combination with the data of geological exploration and mine production. From research on the regional geological evolution, coal generating and storing capacity and lithologic characteristics, geological structure, burial depth, bedrock thickness, hydrogeological conditions and magmatic intrusion, it was found that underground hydrodynamic conditions and magmatic intrusion events are the controlling factors of coalbed gas storage in the mine. Underground hydrodynamic conditions had obvious effect, shallow hydrodynamic conditions were manifested mainly as migration …

Slope Stability Evaluation Based On Set Pair Cloud Model, Yao Jianye, Zhang Shan, Hao Guoqiang

Coal Geology & Exploration

When the set pair analysis is applied to evaluate slope stability, the connection degree is usually decided by linear function, which can't reflect the actual conditions of the engineering project objectively and comprehensively and neglect the system randomness. The set pair analysis theory is improved by application of cloud theory which is superior in dealing with the connection degree and set pair analysis-cloud model of slope stability evaluation is established. In this model, the weight matrix is obtained by using the cloud theory to improve the AHP, and the evaluation matrix is obtained by combining with the connection degree evaluation …

Microseismic Positioning Method Based On Differential Evolution Algorithm, Wang Yunhong, Wang Baoli, Duan Jianhua

Coal Geology & Exploration

Aiming at the problem that the location accuracy of conventional time-based microseismic location method depends on the accuracy of travel time, a differential evolution microseismic location method is proposed to improve the locating target function. Based on the traditional micro-seismic P-wave travel-time location method, the error weighting coefficient was added to the localization objective function, which reduced the impact of the first-time picking accuracy on the microseismic location by reducing the effect of the microseismic signal path with low initial pick-up accuracy on the locating error. The differential evolution algorithm, through population initialization, mutation, crossover, and selection operations, solves the …

Development And Application Of Geocoal For In-Seam Seismic Data Processing, Wang Baoli, Jin Dan

Coal Geology & Exploration

A data processing platform for in-seam seismic exploration(ISS) was developed, which can make ISS better serve safe production in coal mines. The software design architecture was constructed, and the function modules and the software running environment are introduced. Finally, some software interfaces and results were demonstrated.

Analysis Of Influencing Parameters Of Temperature Field In A New Pipe-Roofing Freezing Method, Wu Yuwei, Li Chunfang, Hu Jun, Wang Zhixin, Wang Shucheng

Coal Geology & Exploration

The development status of the temperature field around the freezing pipe in the method of pipe roofing freezing is the technical focus of this construction method. In order to study the development of the temperature field in this method, two paths are selected in the model, and analysis points are placed on the path. By analyzing the effects of soil thermal conductivity, volumetric heat capacity, latent heat of phase change, and original ground temperature on the development law of the temperature field, the following conclusion was drawn:Compared with the method of freezing the pipe curtain of the Gongbei tunnel in …

Table Of Contents, The Editors

Coal Geology & Exploration

No abstract provided.

Present Situation And Prospect Of Drilling Equipment Technology In Coal Mine, Yao Ke, Tian Hongliang, Yao Ningping, Yin Xinsheng, Fang Peng, Yao Yafeng, Wu Di, Wang Longpeng

Coal Geology & Exploration

After over 40 years of development, the technology of underground drilling equipment, vital to guarantee safety and efficient production for coal mines, has been improved greatly. Combining with the characteristics of products, types of technology and application domains, the development of domestic and foreign of underground drilling equipment for coal mines are introduced, the application effects and existing problems of drilling machines are analyzed, especially the development experience and current situation of domestic drilling machines are summarized, detailing on technology status of the five most representative models, such as the split type drill, caterpillar drill, electro-hydraulic control drill, rubber wheel …

Coupling Relationship Between Oil And Gas Of Mesozoic Coal-Bearing Measures And Uranium Metallogenesis In Huangling Area, Si Qinghong, Cao Huifeng, Li Jianguo, Sima Xianzhang, Yu Reng‘An, Liu Houning, Liu Xiaoxue, Zhang Chao

Coal Geology & Exploration

In order to clarify the coupling relationship between oil and gas of Mesozoic coal-bearing measures(reservoir) and uranium deposits(points) in Huangling area, field geology investigations of boreholes and sections, analysis and processing of borehole data and experimental data, and integration of reservoir and uranium(point) information were carried out. Collation and systematic study of tectonic-sedimentary systems of Mesozoic coal-bearing mesure, uranium geological characteristics, oil and gas geology characteristics, spatial distribution relationship between hydrocarbon reservoirs and uranium deposits, genetic relationship between hydrocarbon-bearing fluids and uranium-associated altered minerals, and the time relationship between hydrocarbons and uranium mineralization were discussed. The study shows that the …