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1995

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Articles 91 - 120 of 143

Full-Text Articles in Environmental Health and Protection

Managine For Effectiveness And Efficiency In Oil Spill Response, Peter A. Tebeau Jan 1995

Managine For Effectiveness And Efficiency In Oil Spill Response, Peter A. Tebeau

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

Responding to oil spills, even spills of moderate proportion, requires the commitment of substantial manpower and equipment on the part of the responsible party or the federal government. Throughout the response operation, successful spill management entails choosing the most effective and efficient countermeasures and cleanup techniques to remove or neutralize oil in the environment, minimize overall environmental damages from the spill, and insure that the objectives and expectations of government agencies, responsible parties, and the public are met. As the response progresses, effective and efficient management requires determining when response operations should be terminated. In making this decision, the On-Scene …

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Structure Of Woody Riparian Vegetation In Great Basin National Park, S. D. Smith, K. J. Murray, F. H. Landau, A. M. Sala Jan 1995

Structure Of Woody Riparian Vegetation In Great Basin National Park, S. D. Smith, K. J. Murray, F. H. Landau, A. M. Sala

Life Sciences Faculty Research

The community composition and population structure of the woody riparian vegetation in Great Basin National Park are described. Community analyses were accomplished by sampling 229 plots along an elevational gradient of 8 major stream systems in the Park. TWINSPAN analysis identified 4 primary species groups that were characterized by Populus tremuloides (aspen), Abies concolor (white fir), Rosa woodsii (Woods rose), and Populus angustifolia (narrowleaf cottonwood) as dominants, respectively. Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DECORANA) showed that the most important environmental factors associated with the distribution of species were elevation and slope, with flood-related physiographic factors having a secondary effect. Analysis of size-class …

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Coyotes In The Southwest: Frontmatter Jan 1995

Coyotes In The Southwest: Frontmatter

Coyotes in the Southwest: A Compendium of Our Knowledge (Symposium Proceedings, 1995)

Includes: Cover, Editors, Sponsors, Steering Committee, Acknowledgements, Printer

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Coyotes In The Southwest: Table Of Contents Jan 1995

Coyotes In The Southwest: Table Of Contents

Coyotes in the Southwest: A Compendium of Our Knowledge (Symposium Proceedings, 1995)

Sections are:

Biology
Ecology
Perspectives
Management
Coyotes vs. Game Management
Coyotes vs. Livestock
Politics
Control Alternatives
Appendix

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Coyotes: A Potential Role In Deer Herd Management?, Robert E. Zaiglin Jan 1995

Coyotes: A Potential Role In Deer Herd Management?, Robert E. Zaiglin

Coyotes in the Southwest: A Compendium of Our Knowledge (Symposium Proceedings, 1995)

White-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) herd control is one of the principal problems faced by private lands game managers. Private landowners unwilling to permit adequate numbers of sport hunters on their lands force deer managers to exercise other harvest strategies, one of which is natural population control by protecting the coyote (Canis latrans). I describe an ongoing case study in South Texas where predation by coyotes may be considered a positive tool in deer population management.

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Symposium Proceedings—Coyotes In The Southwest: A Compendium Of Our Knowledge [Complete Work, 185 Pages], Dale Rollins, Calvin Richardson, Terry Blankenship, Kem Canon, Scott Henke Jan 1995

Symposium Proceedings—Coyotes In The Southwest: A Compendium Of Our Knowledge [Complete Work, 185 Pages], Dale Rollins, Calvin Richardson, Terry Blankenship, Kem Canon, Scott Henke

Coyotes in the Southwest: A Compendium of Our Knowledge (Symposium Proceedings, 1995)

This is the complete volume, containing all 40+ articles and presentations. Each article is also hosted here separately under its individual title and authors.

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Coyotes: A Hunter's Perspective, Gerald Stewart Jan 1995

Coyotes: A Hunter's Perspective, Gerald Stewart

Coyotes in the Southwest: A Compendium of Our Knowledge (Symposium Proceedings, 1995)

The challenge and thrill of recreational hunting for coyotes (Canis latrans) has increased greatly over the last 20 years. The popularity of calling coyotes especially is increasing east of the Mississippi River as coyote populations continue to increase their range and abundance in that area.

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Coyotes: A South Texas Perspective, Rick Sramek Jan 1995

Coyotes: A South Texas Perspective, Rick Sramek

Coyotes in the Southwest: A Compendium of Our Knowledge (Symposium Proceedings, 1995)

Coyotes (Canis latrans) are abundant throughout North America, some of the highest densities occur in south Texas. Most studies indicate abundance of food as a contributing factor of coyote density. High coyote populations can lead to localized depredation problems and the current canine rabies epizootic is of concern to residents of south Texas.

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Predator Politics In Texas, Bill Sims Jan 1995

Predator Politics In Texas, Bill Sims

Coyotes in the Southwest: A Compendium of Our Knowledge (Symposium Proceedings, 1995)

The coyote (Canis latrans) is certainly one of the most destructive predators affecting the livestock industry, particularly sheep and goats. In fact, title of this session is very appropriate, because when you talk about “politics”, coyotes seem to have more politicians working for them than any other animal.

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Predator Politics: Personal Thoughts And Perceptions, Milo J. Shult Jan 1995

Predator Politics: Personal Thoughts And Perceptions, Milo J. Shult

Coyotes in the Southwest: A Compendium of Our Knowledge (Symposium Proceedings, 1995)

My career as an extension wildlife specialist and a university administrator has allowed me to monitor both the public and private sectors' perspectives on coyotes (Canis latrans) and their associated management policies. Selected experiences described herein illustrate the problems (current and future) that characterize emotionally-charged conflicts like those typified by coyote control efforts.

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Coyotes: A Matter Of Perspective, Dale Rollins Jan 1995

Coyotes: A Matter Of Perspective, Dale Rollins

Coyotes in the Southwest: A Compendium of Our Knowledge (Symposium Proceedings, 1995)

Predators and predator management in general are always controversial topics. As with most controversies, both ends of an emotional continuum vie for the attention of the nonvocal, uncommitted majority. To provide unbiased information on the controversy surrounding coyotes (Canis latrans) in Texas, the Texas Agricultural Extension Service produced a 23-minute video in 1991. The video addresses both sides of the coyote coin while providing factual biological information on the topic. The video has been quite popular, and has received both state and national awards.

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The Ole Coyote, Kent Rollins Jan 1995

The Ole Coyote, Kent Rollins

Coyotes in the Southwest: A Compendium of Our Knowledge (Symposium Proceedings, 1995)

Some call him a song dog,
Some call him an ol’ wolf
Let me tell you fellers,
He shore is tuff

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Coyotes In The Southwest: Dedication To Samuel L. Beasom, Dale Rollins Jan 1995

Coyotes In The Southwest: Dedication To Samuel L. Beasom, Dale Rollins

Coyotes in the Southwest: A Compendium of Our Knowledge (Symposium Proceedings, 1995)

This symposium is dedicated to the life, achievements and memory of Samuel L. Beasom. From the first time that I considered trying to assemble this symposium, Sam Beasom was on my list of key people to include. Sam's professional contributions and his dry wit would surely play a pivotal role in a conference on coyotes in the Southwest, especially one to be conducted in Texas. I never dreamed then that his contributions, and subsequent recognition, would be presented posthumously here today.

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The Livestock Protection Collar For Removing Depredating Coyotes: A Search For Perfect Justice?, Dale Rollins Jan 1995

The Livestock Protection Collar For Removing Depredating Coyotes: A Search For Perfect Justice?, Dale Rollins

Coyotes in the Southwest: A Compendium of Our Knowledge (Symposium Proceedings, 1995)

Lethal control techniques for controlling coyotes (Canis latrans) are often maligned as a means for resolving coyote depredations on domestic livestock. With the exception of the Livestock Protection Collar (LPC), lethal control methods (e.g., foot-hold traps and neck snares) lack the ability to specifically remove those coyotes actually preying upon livestock. The LPC capitalizes on attack behavior of coyotes to remove offending individuals. Although currently registered for use in 5 states, LPCs have been used routinely only in Texas. Success with LPCS involves an understanding of coyote behavior and proper targeting of collared livestock. LPCs have been used …

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Public Attitudes Toward Predators In Texas, Douglas Reiter, Mark W. Brunson, Robert H. Schmidt Jan 1995

Public Attitudes Toward Predators In Texas, Douglas Reiter, Mark W. Brunson, Robert H. Schmidt

Coyotes in the Southwest: A Compendium of Our Knowledge (Symposium Proceedings, 1995)

A national survey of public attitudes to ward wildlife damage management provided the opportunity to extract a data set from Texas respondents on predator management Texas respondents were generally more supportive of predator control for livestock protection than the rest of the U S., although the overall trends were similar. Lethal technologies scored low on a humaneness scale.

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The Re-Establishment Of The Coyote In The Edwards Plateau Of Texas, Gary Lee Nunley Jan 1995

The Re-Establishment Of The Coyote In The Edwards Plateau Of Texas, Gary Lee Nunley

Coyotes in the Southwest: A Compendium of Our Knowledge (Symposium Proceedings, 1995)

In the early 1900s organized predator control was initiated to remove coyotes (Canis latrans) and wolves (C. lupus and C. rufus) from the sheep and goat producing areas of Texas. Operations were begun in the Edwards Plateau, the largest area of sheep concentration. By the 1920s, many of the inner Edwards Plateau counties were considered to be almost free of coyotes and wolves In the 1950s coyotes and wolves were extirpated from most of the Edwards Plateau After a coyote population irruption in the early 1960s, coyotes began to re-establish themselves on the periphery …

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Sheep And Goat Losses In Relation To Coyote Damage Management In Texas, Gary Lee Nunley Jan 1995

Sheep And Goat Losses In Relation To Coyote Damage Management In Texas, Gary Lee Nunley

Coyotes in the Southwest: A Compendium of Our Knowledge (Symposium Proceedings, 1995)

The average reported sheep and goat loss to coyotes (Canis latrans) in 1992 on those properties worked by the cooperative animal damage control program were relatively low. Sheep and goat losses were not evenly distributed among the producers. Geographical distribution of the losses reflected a positive relationship between relative coyote density and livestock losses. The sheep and goat industry is adversely affected by the cumulative losses of those producers suffering high levels of predation.

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Immunocontraception As A Tool For Controlling Reproduction In Coyotes, Lowell A. Miller Jan 1995

Immunocontraception As A Tool For Controlling Reproduction In Coyotes, Lowell A. Miller

Coyotes in the Southwest: A Compendium of Our Knowledge (Symposium Proceedings, 1995)

The development of immunocontraception as a tool for population management of coyotes (Canis latrans) and reduction of coyote predation may provide an environmentally safer alternative to pesticides. Because they are proteins, immunocontraceptive vaccines do not persist in the environment or bioaccumulate in the food chain. The National Wildlife Research Center (NWRC) will examine the effects (immunological, hormonal and behavioral) of treating penned coyotes with 2 immunocontraceptive vaccines: porcine zona pellucida (PZP) and gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH). Initial studies will be conducted using traditional subcutaneous injections; however, the goal IS to develop an orally-deliverable immunocontraceptive vaccine as an alternative …

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Managing For Coyotes To Enhance Waterfowl Production: An Alternative Perspective, Terry A. Messmer Jan 1995

Managing For Coyotes To Enhance Waterfowl Production: An Alternative Perspective, Terry A. Messmer

Coyotes in the Southwest: A Compendium of Our Knowledge (Symposium Proceedings, 1995)

The Prairie Pothole Region (PPR) of North America produces about half of the continent's duck population. Predation on hens, young, and eggs severely impacts duck production In the region decreasing fall flights. Recent studies conducted in the region suggest that management efforts to increase duck production need to consider both habitat and predator effects. Research indicates that managing on the landscape level to protect coyotes in sufficient numbers to exclude red foxes should be encouraged in PPR areas suitable for duck production and where the risks of damage to domestic livestock and other wildlife species are minimal.

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Coyotes In The Rolling Plains Of Texas, Wyman P. Meinzer Jan 1995

Coyotes In The Rolling Plains Of Texas, Wyman P. Meinzer

Coyotes in the Southwest: A Compendium of Our Knowledge (Symposium Proceedings, 1995)

Coyotes (Canis latrans) in the Rolling Plains region of Texas have experienced several factors in the last 40 years that may have possibly influenced population dynamics and feeding niche. The 3 most important changes were (a) the demand for coyote pelts during the 1970s, (b) a region-wide growth of the stocker cattle industry and (c) the increasing incidence of sarcoptic mange. The availability of stocker cattle carcasses may be providing a source of dependable food during a previously stressful period, thus inflating coyote survival and abundance superficially relative to traditional cow/calf ranching areas Sarcoptic mange has been present …

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Photographing Coyotes, Wyman P. Meinzer Jan 1995

Photographing Coyotes, Wyman P. Meinzer

Coyotes in the Southwest: A Compendium of Our Knowledge (Symposium Proceedings, 1995)

Wildlife photography has become an increasingly popular hobby over the last 10 years. Coyotes (Canis latrans) are among the more difficult animals to photograph under natural field conditions (i.e. in the wild). For studying and photographing coyotes behaving routinely, I recommend the use of a draw station (i.e. cow carcass) and a blind that will all low relatively close inspection of coyote interactions.

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Coyotes In Urban Areas: A Status Report, Jan E. Loven Jan 1995

Coyotes In Urban Areas: A Status Report, Jan E. Loven

Coyotes in the Southwest: A Compendium of Our Knowledge (Symposium Proceedings, 1995)

Coyotes (Canis latrans) occur within the city limits of most urban areas in Texas, and the Incidence of human X coyote interactions appears to be increasing in recent years. The major damage caused by coyotes in urban areas has been depredation on pets (primarily) and to other animals (e.g. ducks). Direct control of such problem coyotes is often hampered by city/state regulations and/or concern from local officials about negative publicity.

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Coyote Population Processes Revisited, Frederick F. Knowlton, Eric M. Gese Jan 1995

Coyote Population Processes Revisited, Frederick F. Knowlton, Eric M. Gese

Coyotes in the Southwest: A Compendium of Our Knowledge (Symposium Proceedings, 1995)

It appears that coyote (Canis latrans) abundance is determined primarily by availability of food (prey) as mediated through social dominance hierarchies and a territorial land tenure system. This is reflected in rates of reproduction, dispersal, and mortality, with survival of juveniles a major factor. Suggestions for a new generation of simulation models to explore coyote population functions are included.

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Effects Of Coyote Control On Their Prey: A Review, Scott E. Henke Jan 1995

Effects Of Coyote Control On Their Prey: A Review, Scott E. Henke

Coyotes in the Southwest: A Compendium of Our Knowledge (Symposium Proceedings, 1995)

Coyotes (Canis latrans) are often removed from an area because of their predatory nature, regardless of the effect such removal may have on the ecosystem. Research results concerning ecosystem changes due to coyote removal appear ambiguous; however, differing lengths of coyote control can produce different results. Short-term coyote removal efforts (≤ 6 months) typically have not resulted in increases in the prey base; however, long-term, intensive coyote removal reportedly has altered to alter species composition within the ecosystem.

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Techniques For Estimating Coyote Abundance, Scott E. Henke, Fred F. Knowlton Jan 1995

Techniques For Estimating Coyote Abundance, Scott E. Henke, Fred F. Knowlton

Coyotes in the Southwest: A Compendium of Our Knowledge (Symposium Proceedings, 1995)

Knowledge of coyote abundance is needed to make intelligent management decisions Several methods have been devised to enumerate coyote (Canis latrans) population size. We review several techniques and attempt to identify biases associated with each method. Once biases are understood, recommendations can be made to minimize their impact on data collection processes and yield better estimates of coyote population trends.

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Coyotes: A Sheep And Goat Rancher's Perspective, Ellis Helmers Jan 1995

Coyotes: A Sheep And Goat Rancher's Perspective, Ellis Helmers

Coyotes in the Southwest: A Compendium of Our Knowledge (Symposium Proceedings, 1995)

When asked their views about coyotes and coyote damage, the words used by producers to describe their perspectives and comments are less than kind. It is difficult for a producer to find anything good to say about an animal that has cost him so much.

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Prescribed Coyote Control To Develop An “Open Window Policy” For Enhancing Deer Survival, Tommy L. Hailey Jan 1995

Prescribed Coyote Control To Develop An “Open Window Policy” For Enhancing Deer Survival, Tommy L. Hailey

Coyotes in the Southwest: A Compendium of Our Knowledge (Symposium Proceedings, 1995)

Management of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) holds a high priority on many Texas ranches today The use of prescribed aerial control of coyotes to increase white-tailed deer productivity may provide wildlife managers with an economical management tool. I describe two case studies of ranches in the Lower Rolling Plains where prescribed coyote control has increased the deer herds.

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Coyotes And Upland Gamebirds, Fred S. Guthrey Jan 1995

Coyotes And Upland Gamebirds, Fred S. Guthrey

Coyotes in the Southwest: A Compendium of Our Knowledge (Symposium Proceedings, 1995)

That coyotes (Canis latrans) destroy nests and individuals of bobwhites (Colinus virginianus) and wild turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo) is well documented. In many situations, however, the removal of coyotes would have little observable effect on gamebird recruitment and population dynamics. This counterintuitive result occurs because (1) renesting reduces the hen failure rate and (2) loss sources other than coyotes become stronger when coyotes are removed from a predator–prey system.

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Predation Impacts And Management Strategies For Reducing Coyote Damage To Cattle, Rickey L. Gilliland Jan 1995

Predation Impacts And Management Strategies For Reducing Coyote Damage To Cattle, Rickey L. Gilliland

Coyotes in the Southwest: A Compendium of Our Knowledge (Symposium Proceedings, 1995)

Loss of cattle to predators influences productivity of many livestock operations. Statistics indicate that coyote (Canis latrans) predation is a principle threat. Impacts to livestock resources by coyotes are appraised. Implementation of control strategies which capitalize on coyote dispersion and social interactions are discussed. Predator management to reduce livestock losses and promote a younger age structure in coyotes is suggested as a long term solution.

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Estimating Livestock Losses, Charles Drain Jan 1995

Estimating Livestock Losses, Charles Drain

Coyotes in the Southwest: A Compendium of Our Knowledge (Symposium Proceedings, 1995)

Most information published by the Texas Agricultural Statistics Service (TASS) is based on data gathered through a system of Sample Surveys. TASS regularly surveys sampled farms and ranches and agricultural businesses m order to make statistical inference (estimates) for a total population. The alternative to using a sample survey would be to make a complete enumeration or count of the entire population. Both cost and timely results favor the survey approach. This discussion is an attempt to explain the concepts and sampling methods TASS employs in conducting basic surveys, for both inventory and death loss data for cattle, sheep and …

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