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1985

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Articles 31 - 60 of 108

Full-Text Articles in Environmental Health and Protection

Rattlesnake Bites And Their Treatment, Thomas G. Glass Jr. Dec 1985

Rattlesnake Bites And Their Treatment, Thomas G. Glass Jr.

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

An overview is given as to the various types of poisonous snakes and how to distinguish them from each other, what happens to the human snakebite victim, and how the layman and the physicican may prepare and handle this type of emergency. The method of snakebite treatment described is based on clinical experience with over 700 people bitten by poisonous snakes over the last 30 years. Numerous case histories are used to illustrate the points being made. This method of treatmet has been widely accepted and used throughout the world.

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Preliminary Field Evaluation Of A New Formulation Of Rozol (Chlorophacinone) Bait Against Pocket Gophers In Colorado, John Baroch, Richard M. Poche Dec 1985

Preliminary Field Evaluation Of A New Formulation Of Rozol (Chlorophacinone) Bait Against Pocket Gophers In Colorado, John Baroch, Richard M. Poche

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Mountain pocket gophers (Thomomys talpoides) and plains pocket gophers (Geomys bursarius) are a problem to rangelands in Colorado. A new chlorophacinone (50 ppm) pelleted bait was applied to active burrow systems by hand baiting. Efficacy on the Geomys plot was 100%, while 94.73% of the Thomomys were controlled with the product.

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The Use Of Fixed Wing Aircraft In Predator Control, Larry D. Vetterman Dec 1985

The Use Of Fixed Wing Aircraft In Predator Control, Larry D. Vetterman

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Aerial hunting was first used in a professional predator control program in 1942. The most popular aircraft used by animal damage control agencies is the Piper PA-18. Proper training of flight crews is of utmost importance for a successful aerie( operation. Fixed wing hunting is restricted to relatively open areas and flat terrain. Aerial hunting is an excellent control method where livestock losses are severe and immediate control is needed

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Furbearer Management And The Steel Foothold Trap, Samuel B. Linhart Dec 1985

Furbearer Management And The Steel Foothold Trap, Samuel B. Linhart

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

The trapping of furbearers, particularly with steel foothold traps, has become more and more controversial. The controversy is significant because the steel trap is considered the most versatile of the various methods available for capturing furbearers (Payne 1980). Whether traps are used to reduce livestock losses by predators or to harvest furs, the controversy has gained the attention and interest of various social factions, each with differing beliefs, attitudes, and philosophies.

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The Extirpation And Re-Establishment Of Coyotes In The Edwards Plateau Of Texas, Gary Nunley Dec 1985

The Extirpation And Re-Establishment Of Coyotes In The Edwards Plateau Of Texas, Gary Nunley

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

In the early 1900's organized predator control was initiated to remove coyotes and wolves from the sheep and goat producing areas of Texas. Operations were begun in the Edwards Plateau, the largest area of sheep concentration. By the 1920's, many of the inner Edwards Plateau counties were considered to be practically free of coyotes (Canis latrans) and wolves (Canis lupus, Canis rufus). The 1950's found coyotes and wolves extirpated from most of the Edwards Plateau. After a coyote population irruption in the late 1950's, coyotes began to re-establish themselves on the periphery of the Plateau. This encroachment process continued throughout …

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Preliminary Studies On The Feasibility Of Urban Rabies Control, Richard C. Rosatte Dec 1985

Preliminary Studies On The Feasibility Of Urban Rabies Control, Richard C. Rosatte

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

A preliminary investigation was initiated in 1984 to determine the feasibility of an urban rabies control strategy which involved capturing, vaccinating and releasing skunks and raccoons in metropolitan Toronto, Ontario. Results indicate urban skunks and raccoons are utilizing extremely small home ranges and their movements are not extensive. Trapping data suggested a large proportion of the population of skunks and raccoons in the study area were captured during the first 4 nights of trapping. Capture data also indicated the presence of new animals in the study areas between trapping periods. The 3 study areas, which differed in human land-use classification, …

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The Use Of Population Reduction As A Technique To Combat Rabies In Alberta, Canada, Richard C. Rosatte Dec 1985

The Use Of Population Reduction As A Technique To Combat Rabies In Alberta, Canada, Richard C. Rosatte

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Control of rabies by reducing the density of potential vectors has been a controversial matter. Only 2 outbreaks of rabies in Europe are likely to have been completely eradicated by control, 1 in Dijon, France, in 1923, and the other in Corsica in 1943 (MacDonald 1980). Schnurrenberger et aL (1964) apparently controlled an outbreak of rabies in striped skunks (Mephitis mephitis) in Ohio by gassing dens and through the use of poison. An invasion of red fox (Vulpes vulpesl rabies in southern Jutland from Demark was initially halted by a gassing and poisoning campaign. However, in Great Britian, despite the …

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Wildlife Damage In Australia: Constructive Contrasts With The United States, Terrell P. Salmon Dec 1985

Wildlife Damage In Australia: Constructive Contrasts With The United States, Terrell P. Salmon

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

There are numerous wildlife damage problems in Australia. The major pests include rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculusl, foxes (Vulpes vulpes/, starlings (Sturnus vulgarisl, feral cats (felts catus/, donkeys (Equus asinusl, goats (Capra hircusl, buffalo (Bubalus trutralisl, pigs (Sus scrofal, all of which have been introduced. The dingo ICanis familiaris dingo/, classified as being a native species by most people, is the primary native animal causing problems, although others, such as kangaroos and several native bird species, are pests in some areas. The Australians spend considerable amounts of money on wildlife damage control research. The people of Western Australia take a regulatory approach …

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Black-Tailed Prairie Dog Management On The Northern Great Plains New Challenges And Opportunities, Greg L. Schenbeck Dec 1985

Black-Tailed Prairie Dog Management On The Northern Great Plains New Challenges And Opportunities, Greg L. Schenbeck

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Implications of new information and several recent developments to the management of black-tailed prairie dogs (cynomys ludovicianusl on the northern plains are discussed. Of primary importance is the need to conduct management programs that are as cost--effective as possible and responsive to the concerns of private land interests. Research findings indicate that cost-effectiveness can be improved by combining rodenticide use with changes in livestock grazing practices to reduce habitat suitability for prairie dogs. Other research suggests that reduced concentrations of Compound 1080 for prairie dog control warrants continued scientific evaluation. If reduced concentrations of 1080 could be used effectively and …

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Beaver Problems Associated Wtth Conservation Activities, Ed M. Schwille Dec 1985

Beaver Problems Associated Wtth Conservation Activities, Ed M. Schwille

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

As far back as 1935, the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service (SCS) began providing technical assistance to private landowners to build ponds and small lakes. To date in Texas, over 500,00 structures of this type have been built. During the 1940'x, the SCS started construction of Watershed Protection and Flood Control Impoundments in Texas. These flood prevention structures number about 1900. Other programs have brought about construction of over 16,000 grade stabilization structures (GSS) for erosion control. Numerous ponds and lakes have been built without any help from the SCS over the years. All of these impoundments store …

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Appendix I, Dale A. Wade Dec 1985

Appendix I, Dale A. Wade

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

A brief chronology of some events related to cancellation/suspension of the predacides (Compound 1080, strychnine, sodium cyanide) by the Environmental Protection Agency in 1972 and ensuing actions by federal and state agencies.

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Opening Address: The Importance Of Wildlife Damage Control In Texas, Zerle L. Carpenter Dec 1985

Opening Address: The Importance Of Wildlife Damage Control In Texas, Zerle L. Carpenter

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Let me first indicate that I have been interested in wildlife damage control programs for a good part of my life. My first experience, at the tender age of 6 years, was hard to accept when coyotes killed my 4-H pig. The importance of wildlife damage control has been clear to me since that time. Unfortunately, the importance of control is not often clear to those people who have not directly experienced wildlife damage. On my first arrival in Texas in 1962. coyote populations were increasing in the state. At that time I was given the charge from the Texas …

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Furbearer Management And The Steel Foothold Trap, Samuel B. Linhart Dec 1985

Furbearer Management And The Steel Foothold Trap, Samuel B. Linhart

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

The trapping of furbearers, particularly with steel foothold traps, has become more and more controversial. The controversy is significant because the steel trap is considered the most versatile of the various methods available for capturing furbearers (Payne 1980). Whether traps are used to reduce livestock losses by predators or to harvest furs, the controversy has gained the attention and interest of various social factions, each with differing beliefs, attitudes, and philosophies.

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Efficacy And Farmer Acceptance Of Nonlethal Control Of Blackbird Depredations To Small Grain Crops, Albert E. Bivings Dec 1985

Efficacy And Farmer Acceptance Of Nonlethal Control Of Blackbird Depredations To Small Grain Crops, Albert E. Bivings

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

In 1980, Congress responded to complaints of migratory bird damage to grain crops, principally rice, with added funding for enhanced Animal Damage Control (ADC) programs in Arkansas and Louisiana. This resulted in the establishment of an office in Stuttgart, Arkansas and a similar office in Crowley, Louisiana. Enabling legislation specifically directs the principal focus to be on rice/blackbird conflicts. This paper will present a review of the problems addressed in Arkansas, techniques utilized and the author's assessment of their efficacy and acceptability.

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Use Of Video Tapes In Wildlife Damage Extension - Education, F. Robert Henderson, Bart Hettenbach Dec 1985

Use Of Video Tapes In Wildlife Damage Extension - Education, F. Robert Henderson, Bart Hettenbach

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

The purpose of this paper is to report on a telephone survey to 15 professional wildlife damage control workers in 9 of the 10 Great Plains states. North Dakota was the only state that was not contacted.

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Big Game Depredations And Damage Compensation In Wyoming, John R. Demaree Dec 1985

Big Game Depredations And Damage Compensation In Wyoming, John R. Demaree

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

The Wyoming Game and Fish Department is responsible for controlling depredations by big game, trophy game, and game birds. Under certain guidelines landowners can submit a claim to the department for compensation from wildlife depredations. Measures used by department personnel to prevent wildlife damage are the use of scare devices, harassment techniques, repellents, fencing, trapping, issuing of kill permits, and modifying hunting seasons. In evaluating the damage to estimate monetary losses, sources of information used include AUM's, consumptive rates, fecal analysis, enclosures, production records, and necropsies. In terms of depredation compensation, the most costly species to the department over the …

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Deer Damage Prevention Efforts In Pennsylvania, Jack M. Payee, William L. Palmer Dec 1985

Deer Damage Prevention Efforts In Pennsylvania, Jack M. Payee, William L. Palmer

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Research at the Pennsylvania State University was directed towards finding effective repellents to control damage caused by white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) and to develop a low-cost alternative to the traditional 2.4 m woven wire barrier fence, considered to be deer-proof, but too expensive for mgt agricultural uses. Fourteen repellents were screened and 9 were found to be more effective than the others. These 9 repellents were further investigated under semi-field conditions and only 1 repellent was found to be consistent in reducing deer feeding. A vertical electric deer fence was effective in excluding deer at field sites containing alfalfa, small …

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The Use Of Population Reduction As A Technique To Combat Rabies In Alberta, Canada, Richard C. Rosatte Dec 1985

The Use Of Population Reduction As A Technique To Combat Rabies In Alberta, Canada, Richard C. Rosatte

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Control of rabies by reducing the density of potential vectors has been a controversial matter. Only 2 outbreaks of rabies in Europe are likely to have been completely eradicated by control, 1 in Dijon, France, in 1923, and the other in Corsica in 1943 (MacDonald 1980). Schnurrenberger et aL (1964) apparently controlled an outbreak of rabies in striped skunks (Mephitis mephitis) in Ohio by gassing dens and through the use of poison. An invasion of red fox (Vulpes vulpesl rabies in southern Jutland from Demark was initially halted by a gassing and poisoning campaign. However, in Great Britain, despite the …

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Wildlife Damage Control Program Needs Of County Extension Agents In Colorado, William F. Andelt Dec 1985

Wildlife Damage Control Program Needs Of County Extension Agents In Colorado, William F. Andelt

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

County extension agents in Colorado indicated that extension bulletins were the most important type of assistance needed for their clientele in the area of wildlife damage control. County extension agents indicated that pocket gophers, prairie dogs, skunks, and coyotes were the most important of 32 species requiring extension information for their clientele.

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Opening Address: The Importance Of Wildlife Damage Control In Texas, Zerle L. Carpenter Dec 1985

Opening Address: The Importance Of Wildlife Damage Control In Texas, Zerle L. Carpenter

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Let me first indicate that I have been interested in wildlife damage control programs for a good part of my life. My first experience, at the tender age of 6 years, was hard to accept when coyotes killed my 4-H pig. The importance of wildlife damage control has been clear to me since that time. Unfortunately, the importance of control is not often clear to those people who have not directly experienced wildlife damage.

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Wildlife Diseases And Human Health, Keith A. Clark Dec 1985

Wildlife Diseases And Human Health, Keith A. Clark

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Zoonoses (singular, zoonosis) are diseases transmissible from animals to man. There are over 200 such diseases; many are harbored by wildlife reservoirs. A reservoir may be defined as a source which maintains the presence of a disease in an ecosystem. Wildlife-associated "zoonoses found in Texas include rabies, plague, tularemia, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, Lyme disease, leptospirosis, relapsing fever, typhus, and leprosy. The mission of the Zoonosis Control Division of the Texas Department of Health is to protect the health of Texas citizens against zoonoses. Surveillance programs for various diseases are an integral part of the overall control programs, which include …

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Coyote Vulnerability To Several Management Techniques, Frederick F. Knowlton, Lamer A. Windberg, Cram E. Wahlgren Dec 1985

Coyote Vulnerability To Several Management Techniques, Frederick F. Knowlton, Lamer A. Windberg, Cram E. Wahlgren

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

We appreciate this opportunity to present a brief synopsis of a complex field study recently completed near Laredo, Texas. It provides a preliminary assessment of differences in coyote vulnerability to several management tools At this point, our analyses are incomplete and interpretations are tentative, at best Nonetheless, the data provide some insights and a basis for speculations and questions about coyote behavior, population processes, and the logistics of coyote population reduction. This research was sponsored by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (through the Predator Ecology and Behavior Project) and the Caesar Kleberg Wildlife Research Institute, with generous assistance from …

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Efficacy And Farmer Acceptance Of Nonlethal Control Of Blackbird Depredations To Small Grain Crops, Albert E. Bivings Dec 1985

Efficacy And Farmer Acceptance Of Nonlethal Control Of Blackbird Depredations To Small Grain Crops, Albert E. Bivings

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

In 1980, Congress responded to complaints of migratory bird damage to grain crops, principally rice, with added funding for enhanced Animal Damage Control (ADC) programs in Arkansas and Louisiana. This resulted in the establishment of an office in Stuttgart, Arkansas and a similar office in Crowley, Louisiana. Enabling legislation specifically directs the principal focus to be on rice/blackbird conflicts. This paper will present a review of the problems addressed in Arkansas, techniques utilized and the author's assessment of their efficacy and acceptability.

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Use Of Video Tapes In Wildlife Damage Extension - Education, F. Robert Henderson, Bart Hettenbach Dec 1985

Use Of Video Tapes In Wildlife Damage Extension - Education, F. Robert Henderson, Bart Hettenbach

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

The purpose of this paper is to report on a telephone survey to 15 professional wildlife damage control workers in 9 of the 10 Great Plains states. North Dakota was the only state that was not contacted. In this survey we asked the following five questions: 1. Do you have any video tapes on wildlife damage control? 2. How many counties are there in your state? 3. How many County Extension Offices have videocassette recorders (VCRs)? 4. What is your opinion of video tapes? 5. Do you see a future for VCRs in wildlife damage control extension education? Another purpose …

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Incidence And Significance Of G I Ardia Lamblia ( Lambl) In Texas Beaver Populations, Robert Beach, William F. Mcculloch Dec 1985

Incidence And Significance Of G I Ardia Lamblia ( Lambl) In Texas Beaver Populations, Robert Beach, William F. Mcculloch

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

The Giardia lamblia (Lambl) protozoan is not a recently discovered parasite. It was. in fact, one of the first organisms viewed and described by Antony van Leeuwenhoek (1681) as he designed the first usable microscope. Leeuwenhoek found this organism in a sample of his own diarrhetic stool and thus he constitutes the first confirmed case of human giar- His finding represents proof of glardiasis! close association with man for many years. LecuwenhoeW discovery of the giardial trophozotte was not elaborated on for some 178 years, however, as it was not until 1859 that Wilhelm D. Jambi systematically described the organism …

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Proceedings Of The Second Eastern Wildilfe Damage Control Conference (Complete Volume), Peter T. Bromley (Edited By) Sep 1985

Proceedings Of The Second Eastern Wildilfe Damage Control Conference (Complete Volume), Peter T. Bromley (Edited By)

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 2nd (1985)

The papers and abstracts of the proceedings were reproduced from camera-ready materials provided by the authors. The quality of the published proceedings is a credit to the authors, who followed editorial directions very well and who painstakingly reviewed their papers. The proceedings contains only papers and abstracts submitted for publication; in a few instances authors did not provide papers or sent only an abstract, which would permit publication of their work in professional journals. Funds to support the publication were provided by North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission, USDA Extension Service, USDA Forest Service and USDI Fish and Wildlife Service.

The …

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Reformulated 4-Aminopyridine Baits Cost-Effectively Reduce Blackbird Damage To Ripening Cornfields, Jerome F. Besser, John W. Degrazio Sep 1985

Reformulated 4-Aminopyridine Baits Cost-Effectively Reduce Blackbird Damage To Ripening Cornfields, Jerome F. Besser, John W. Degrazio

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 2nd (1985)

In 1984 4-aminopyridine baits, stabilized with hydrochloric acid, were appraised in ripening cornfields being attacked by blackbirds on the Sand Lake National Wildlife Refuge., South Dakota. In 1982, i t had been discovered that 4-aminopyridine, the active agent in commercial Avitrol® baits for crop protection rapidly vaporized at summer storage and field baiting temperatures.

In July, baiting lanes were created in 12 cornfields by destroying every 55th row. In August after a 3-day pretreatment period, fields were baited with Avitrol® FC Corn Chops-99 for a 2-week period when corn was most vulnerable to damage. Bait was applied from baiting lanes …

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Birds In Hangars - A Messy Problem, Albert E. Bivings Iv Sep 1985

Birds In Hangars - A Messy Problem, Albert E. Bivings Iv

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 2nd (1985)

Pest birds in hangars and similar man-made structures pose specific health hazards as well as nuisance and corrosion problems. While lethal control or a scaring program may be the best technique for some locations, neither address the long-term problem of the basic attractiveness of these structures to birds. The best long-term solution usually is to exclude the birds with permanently installed plastic or nylon netting. Several methods to accomplish this are discussed.

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Public Tolerance Of A Suburban Deer Herd: Implications For Control, Daniel J. Decker, Thomas A. Gavin Sep 1985

Public Tolerance Of A Suburban Deer Herd: Implications For Control, Daniel J. Decker, Thomas A. Gavin

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 2nd (1985)

Suburban deer populations have been increasing in the eastern U.S., resulting in deer-human conflicts that can not always be resolved by a traditional management approach., Professionals responsible for management of deer damage (herd control and extension education) need information on the extent and nature of deer damage in suburban situations. Attitudes of suburban residential property owners about wildlife in general and deer in particular must be identified so that control measures that are socially acceptable as well as biologically feasible can be formulated o People's tolerance of deer damage and their propensity for undertaking on-site preventive measures need to be …

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An Investigation Of Techniques Used To Discourage Rebuilding Of Beaver Dams Demolished By Explosives, James M. Dyer, Charles E. Rowell Sep 1985

An Investigation Of Techniques Used To Discourage Rebuilding Of Beaver Dams Demolished By Explosives, James M. Dyer, Charles E. Rowell

Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference: 2nd (1985)

One hundred seventeen beaver dams were partially or wholly demolished with explosives from April through August between 1982 and 1984. These dams were of two types; shallow water dams found in areas of flat terrain, and deep water dams found in major creek channels or in areas of hilly terrain. Following demolition, various treatments were applied to the dam sites to try to retard rebuilding. Our conclusions are that deep water dams can be removed more effectively than shallow water dams and that late summer removals were rebuilt less frequently than early and midsummer removals. Also, certain types of repellents …

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