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Full-Text Articles in Environmental Health and Protection
Granivorous Birds In Sunflower Crops, Andre Meylan
Granivorous Birds In Sunflower Crops, Andre Meylan
Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 8th (1978)
Bird communities visiting and causing damage to sunflower crops were studied in Western Switzerland. The greenfinch is the main pest species. A population study of that species was carried out in Changins, near Nyon, and crop protection techniques, including an ultrasonic device, were tested.
Vertebrate Pest Control, Where From Here?, Raymond M. Momboisse
Vertebrate Pest Control, Where From Here?, Raymond M. Momboisse
Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 8th (1978)
The legal and regulatory problems confronting the vertebrate pest control profession have mushroomed in recent years. The causes, the groups responsible and a suggested action plan for meeting the problem is outlined.
Agricultural Pests Destruction Movement In New Zealand, Peter C. Nelson
Agricultural Pests Destruction Movement In New Zealand, Peter C. Nelson
Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 8th (1978)
New Zealand could be regarded as an acclimatization laboratory, i.e., the consequence of a wide range of animal introductions in the period 1840-1907. Species introduced ranged from camels to hedge-hogs, ostriches to sky larks. Fortunately many failed to survive. The majority of these liberations were made by Acclimatization Societies or private individuals, often with Government approval and protection. The most damaging species were several species of deer, rabbits, Australian opossums, goats, pigs, tahr, wallabies, and chamois. The establishment, natural dispersion and colonization of unoccupied habitat by these animals was successful and surpassed all expectations. Pastoral land development in the early …
Present And Historical Bobcat Population Trends In New Mexico And The West, Gary Lee Nunley
Present And Historical Bobcat Population Trends In New Mexico And The West, Gary Lee Nunley
Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 8th (1978)
Bobcat (Lynx rufus) populations throughout the West have reportedly decreased from the high levels of the early sixties. This decrease is also reflected in the annual New Mexico bobcat take of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service when based on a bobcat trapped per man-year of effort relationship from 1916 through 1976. Bobcat populations in New Mexico were comparably low from 1916 through 1948. In 1949 through 1950 populations began to increase to triple their highest pre-1948 levels by the late fifties. New Mexico bobcat populations began to decrease in the early sixties to present levels typical before …
Chopped Cabbage Baits For Ground Squirrel Control In Nevada, John O'Brien
Chopped Cabbage Baits For Ground Squirrel Control In Nevada, John O'Brien
Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 8th (1978)
Effectiveness of four cabbage baits was tested on Belding (Spermophilus beldingi) or Townsend (S. townsendi) ground squirrels. Ground squirrel activity reduction and number of above ground deaths/ 100 lb. bait applied were as follows: 0.00625% sodium monofluoroacetate - 94 1/2%, 2-1/3; 0.29% strychnine alkaloid - 86%, 17; 0.19% strychnine alkaloid - 73 1/2%, 10. A 0.8% zinc phosphide bait was not well accepted; activity was reduced 39%. Two cottontail rabbits (Sylvilagus nuttalli) and one badger (Taxidea taxus) were found dead in treatment fields after treatment.
Vacor®, A New Rodenticide: Its Success In The Field, David L. Peardon
Vacor®, A New Rodenticide: Its Success In The Field, David L. Peardon
Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 8th (1978)
Since VACOR (R) was first introduced to the market as a fast acting rodenticide in 1975, it has been sold successfully throughout the United States. The VACOR line is sold over-the-counter as a ready-to-use bait for rats and mice. The DLP-787TM rodenticide line was introduced to the market for sale to professional users only. This line includes both bait and mouse tracking products. It has been well accepted by professional users even though DLP-787 is offered only as ready-to-use products. New products of the same type will be available for commercial introduction in 1978. This paper discusses the successful …
Sheep Depredation By Golden Eagles In Montana, Bart W. O'Gara
Sheep Depredation By Golden Eagles In Montana, Bart W. O'Gara
Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 8th (1978)
A limited study on two ranches near Dillon, Montana, near the end of the lambing season in 1974 revealed that 44 domestic lambs were killed by golden eagles (Aquila chrysaetos). This was 76 percent of all deaths recorded during the short study. Using an average docking percent of 90 (based on years before severe eagle problems developed), the 76 percent eagle predation, and the 1974 docking percentages, the ranchers estimated an eagle kill of 1,092 lambs valued at about $38,000. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service live-trapped and removed 249 golden eagles from the ranches during the next …
Ground Squirrel And Prairie Dog Control In Montana, C. Raymond Record
Ground Squirrel And Prairie Dog Control In Montana, C. Raymond Record
Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 8th (1978)
The Columbian ground squirrel (Spermophilus columbianus), Richardson ground squirrel (Spermophilus richardsoni), and blacktail prairie dog (Cynomys ludovicianus) cause millions of dollars of loss to Montana agriculture each year. Montana's ground squirrel and prairie dog control programs are based upon local organization and operation with technical assistance being provided by the Montana Department of Livestock Vertebrate Pest Control Bureau. The results of field research programs using zinc phosphide, Compound 1080 and strychnine grain baits to control these species are reported.
Pheromones: Their Potential For Ground Squirrel Control, Terrell P. Salmon
Pheromones: Their Potential For Ground Squirrel Control, Terrell P. Salmon
Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 8th (1978)
Olfactory communication appears to be an important aspect of the biology of most ground squirrels. Several scent-producing glands have been described as having scent-marking behavior. Although the adaptive significance of these glands has not been determined, possible functions are discussed. The potential of using pheromones in an integrated ground squirrel management program is discussed.
Biology, Damage And Control Of The Edible Dormouse (Glis Glis L.) In Central Italy, L. Santini
Biology, Damage And Control Of The Edible Dormouse (Glis Glis L.) In Central Italy, L. Santini
Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 8th (1978)
The remarkable increase in the number of colonies of edible dormouse (Glis glis L.) registered in the litoranean industrial cultivations of Pinus pinea L. in northern Tuscany over the last ten years and the grave damage to the production of pine-seeds consequent on it has created the necessity of studying systems which may reduce the dormouse menace. Going on what has previously been discovered about the habits of the species in this particular habitat, three different methods of control were experimented: direct capture in their nests, which were in this case cavities in the tree trunks which woodpeckers' activities …
Recent Developments In Bird Damage Control Chemicals, Edward W. Schaffer Jr.
Recent Developments In Bird Damage Control Chemicals, Edward W. Schaffer Jr.
Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 8th (1978)
A number of actions are under way which could reduce or severely restrict the availability of chemicals presently available for controlling bird damage. The current status of 17 federally registered chemicals, representing approximately 57 products, is discussed with regard to registration, re-registration, or de-registration actions that are pending. The developmental status of a number of new chemicals or new uses for existing chemicals is also discussed, along with an appraisal of the effects of current federal registration requirements on the eventual availability of these compounds.
The Potential Of Compound U-12171 As An Avian Repellent, Robert G. Schwab
The Potential Of Compound U-12171 As An Avian Repellent, Robert G. Schwab
Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 8th (1978)
Tests of the effectiveness (primarily reduced plant damage) of U-12171 to repel linnets from, or reduce the amount of feeding damage on, Gem hybrid broccoli suggest that: 1) concentrations above 1.50 lb./acre deterred avian depredations whereas lower concentrations did not; 2) the "hop-scotch" feeding pattern of linnet groups may have contributed to repellency since high concentrations in one area may act as a barrier to other areas; and 3) U-12171 efficiency may be markedly affected by chemical coverage of the plant, the number of applications made, and application timing relative to crop maturity.
Population Modeling As Aid To Rodent Control In The Field, Francois Spitz
Population Modeling As Aid To Rodent Control In The Field, Francois Spitz
Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 8th (1978)
Forecasting the damages by voles on plant crops depends on a good forecast of vole population density. Biological work in Vendee from 1959 till 1968 have furnished the fundamentals of a population model. Further work on the relationship between breeding and climate enabled us to set up a practical forecasting model. This is applied by the Plant Protection Service, and the damage prevention system consists of a test trapping in winter, a population forecasting in early March, and, if necessary, poisoning in March-April. Generalization of the system is in progress.
Reproductive Inhibitors For Coyote Population Control: Developments And Current Status, John N. Stellflug, Norman L. Gates, R. Garth Sasser
Reproductive Inhibitors For Coyote Population Control: Developments And Current Status, John N. Stellflug, Norman L. Gates, R. Garth Sasser
Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 8th (1978)
Coyote depreciation often causes severe losses of livestock and wildlife in many areas. The use of toxicants is banned for coyote control in the United States necessitating the consideration of alternative methods of control of these predators. This review deals with a class of possible alternatives for population control (reproductive inhibitors) and the conditions associated with selection and application of reproductive inhibitors to the target species.
Biological Control Of Conifer Seed Damage By The Deer Mouse (Peromyscus Maniculatus), Thomas P. Sullivan
Biological Control Of Conifer Seed Damage By The Deer Mouse (Peromyscus Maniculatus), Thomas P. Sullivan
Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 8th (1978)
This paper describes the development of a biological technique that successfully controls conifer seed damage by the deer mouse. Eleven experiments have been conducted on three study areas at the University of British Columbia Research Forest, Maple Ridge, B.C. Populations of deer mice have been monitored in all experiments with data from 56,000 trap nights. The technique involves a mixture of conifer seed (Douglas fir) with sunflower seed and oats which is uniformly distributed on logged areas in the late winter-early spring. Survival of conifer seed with these alternate foods was excellent, compared with control Douglas fir by itself, for …
Muskrat Control In The Netherlands, W.J. Doude Van Troostwijk
Muskrat Control In The Netherlands, W.J. Doude Van Troostwijk
Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 8th (1978)
Muskrats were introduced into Europe and have now spread over this part of the world. Their success as a colonizing species is discussed, as well as the problems they create in a man-made environment. Due to their successfulness, a strict control program has been changed to a management program in order to keep numbers below the level at which intolerable damage occurs.
Changing Status Of Mountain Lion In California And Livestock Depredation Problems, Richard A. Weaver
Changing Status Of Mountain Lion In California And Livestock Depredation Problems, Richard A. Weaver
Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 8th (1978)
The California Department of Fish and Game studied depredation by mountain lions on livestock from 1971 through 1977 to determine the scope of the problem. Information was needed on the physical characteristics of a stock killer, the frequency and trend of predation, the livestock types preyed upon, and the geographic distribution of incidents. Department of Fish and Game verified 134 incidents of mountain lion predation on livestock which occurred between April 1971 and December 1977. Forty-five mountain lions (28 males and 17 females) were killed on depredation during this time. Approximately 42 percent of the predation incidents involved sheep, 22 …
Influences On The Science Of Animal Damage Control, John R. Wood
Influences On The Science Of Animal Damage Control, John R. Wood
Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 8th (1978)
This paper is about the complexity of animal damage control science and its research, methods development, and control applications. It is not the point here to discourse on the individual methodology used in animal damage control research. The discussion is to point out that many researchers, wildlife managers, bureaucrats, or advocates fail to understand the situation in the science of animal damage control and its attendant problems that need resolution. (1,2,3)
Rodents As Agricultural Pests In Mexico—National Rodent Campaign, Federico Sanches Navarete
Rodents As Agricultural Pests In Mexico—National Rodent Campaign, Federico Sanches Navarete
Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 8th (1978)
Since 1973, through the Ministry of Agriculture and Water Resources, the Mexican Government has established a general campaign against the most important groups of vertebrate pests, which cause severe damage to growing crops, stored products and mechanical damage to agricultural and irrigation schemes. To achieve information on this subject, presently the main office of the program is engaged on several activities such as the evaluation of the damage, trapping, species involved, research on population structure (densities and fluctuations to prevent sudden increase of rodent population), sex proportion, pregnancy (number of embryos), bait formulation, distribution methods, etc. Sigmodon spp., Oryzomys spp., …
Wildlife As Vectors In Diseases: Approaches To Solving These Problems In The United Kingdom, Harry V. Thompson
Wildlife As Vectors In Diseases: Approaches To Solving These Problems In The United Kingdom, Harry V. Thompson
Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 8th (1978)
Interest in wildlife diseases and their importance to man and his livestock has increased in the United Kingdom during the past decade. Reasons for this are given and particular reference made to the single occurrence of rabies outside quarantine in Britain, in 1969 (the first since 1922), and to the links between bovine tuberculosis in badgers and in cattle.
Vertebrate Control Chemicals: Current Status Of Registrations, Rebuttable Presumptions Against Registrations, And Effects On Users, Glenn A. Hood
Vertebrate Control Chemicals: Current Status Of Registrations, Rebuttable Presumptions Against Registrations, And Effects On Users, Glenn A. Hood
Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 8th (1978)
Man's use of chemical pesticides has received much attention in recent years, reflecting or generating public consciousness of our environmental welfare. The establishment of Water Quality Acts, the Toxic Substances Control Act, air pollution standards, and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) also exemplify this consciousness which has become a major political force. Although there is some unyielding antagonism against all chemicals used to control pests, there is general agreement that pesticides are necessary for the protection of our health, food, fiber, and habitats. Nevertheless, some pesticides have serious shortcomings, especially toxicity to nontarget organisms and long persistence in the environment. …