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Full-Text Articles in Environmental Health and Protection

Scwds Briefs: Volume 22, Number 4 (January 2007), Gary L. Doster , Editor, Scwds Briefs, Michael J. Yabsley Jun 2007

Scwds Briefs: Volume 22, Number 4 (January 2007), Gary L. Doster , Editor, Scwds Briefs, Michael J. Yabsley

Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study: Publications

Table of Contents:

SCWDS Celebrates 50 Years

More Bovine TB in Minnesota

Developments in CWD Surveillance and Research

Federal CWD Rule Update

Tularemia in Backyard Wildlife

Osteochondromas in Two Deer

Invasive Exotic Animals in the Southeast

New Field Manual Sales

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Airport Wildlife Mitigation – ‘Birdstrike News You Can Use’ Volume 1, Issue 1, Spring 2007 May 2007

Airport Wildlife Mitigation – ‘Birdstrike News You Can Use’ Volume 1, Issue 1, Spring 2007

Other Bird Strike and Aviation Materials

Inside this issue:

Welcome

T-38 Crash

Air France accident in Pau

YVR radar

Bad Days in Canada

Next training courses

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Refuge Update – May/June 2007, Volume 4, Number 3 May 2007

Refuge Update – May/June 2007, Volume 4, Number 3

RefugeUpdate (USFWS-NWRS)

Table of Contents:
Fighting a Fern in Florida, page 6
Focus on Urban Refuges, pages 10-17
Seals and Swamps: Collaborating with NOAA, page 20

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Comparison Of 2 Vegetation-Height Management Practices For Wildlife Control At Airports, Thomas W. Seamans, Scott C. Barras, Glen E. Bernhardt, Bradley F. Blackwell, Jonathon D. Cepek Apr 2007

Comparison Of 2 Vegetation-Height Management Practices For Wildlife Control At Airports, Thomas W. Seamans, Scott C. Barras, Glen E. Bernhardt, Bradley F. Blackwell, Jonathon D. Cepek

Human–Wildlife Interactions

Vegetation-height management is a potential method to reduce bird numbers at airports. Based on studies in Europe, researchers recommended vegetation heights around 25 cm; however, preliminary studies in the United States produced conflicting results regarding the effect of tall (18 to >25 cm) vegetation on bird numbers at airports. From 1999 to 2002, we compared birds and other wildlife use of 4 short-vegetation plots (mean maximum height of 15.6 cm ± 5.1 SE and visual obstruction reading of 4.6 ± 3.0 cm) and 4 tall-vegetation plots (mean maximum height of 26.9 ± 8.4 cm and visual obstruction reading of 10.0 …

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Scwds Briefs: Volume 23, Number 1 (April 2007), Gary L. Doster , Editor, Scwds Briefs, Michael J. Yabsley Apr 2007

Scwds Briefs: Volume 23, Number 1 (April 2007), Gary L. Doster , Editor, Scwds Briefs, Michael J. Yabsley

Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study: Publications

Table of Contents:

SCWDS History Continued: The Domestic Animal Connection

WNV Still With Us: Other Arboviruses May Follow

Avian Influenza Update – Spring 2007

Scholarship in Memory of Ed Couvillion

Chronic Lead Poisoning in Raptors

Unusual Deer Tumor

Kevin Keel Receives Award

New Edition of Wild Bird Diseases Book

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Refuge Update – March/April 2007, Volume 4, Number 2 Mar 2007

Refuge Update – March/April 2007, Volume 4, Number 2

RefugeUpdate (USFWS-NWRS)

Table of Contents:
What’s Melting: Togiak Refuge Sizes Up Its Glaciers, page 3
Focus on Fish Conservation, pages 10-15
Whatever happened to…, pages 16-17
Wildlife Cooperatives, page 20

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Refuge Update – March/April 2010, Volume 7, Number 2 Mar 2007

Refuge Update – March/April 2010, Volume 7, Number 2

RefugeUpdate (USFWS-NWRS)

Table of Contents:

First, We Inventory by Bill O’Brian
The Legacy We Carry On By Greg Siekaniec
Straight from the Secretary
FOCUS: Maintenance
CMS Is Coming to a Web Site Near You
Protecting Wildlife, Producing Energy

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Endangered And Threatened Wildlife And Plants; Designating The Northern Rocky Mountain Population Of Gray Wolf As A Distinct Population Segment And Removing This Distinct Population Segment From The Federal List Of Endangered And Threatened Wildlife; Proposed Rule Feb 2007

Endangered And Threatened Wildlife And Plants; Designating The Northern Rocky Mountain Population Of Gray Wolf As A Distinct Population Segment And Removing This Distinct Population Segment From The Federal List Of Endangered And Threatened Wildlife; Proposed Rule

Rocky Mountain Wolf Recovery: Annual Reports

Under the Endangered Species Act (Act), we, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Service), propose to establish a distinct population segment (DPS) of the gray wolf (Canis lupus) in the Northern Rocky Mountains (NRM) of the United States. The proposed NRM DPS of the gray wolf encompasses the eastern one-third of Washington and Oregon, a small part of north-central Utah, and all of Montana, Idaho, and Wyoming.

We are also proposing to remove the gray wolf in the NRM DPS from the List of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife under the Act, because threats will have been reduced or eliminated if …

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Some Significant Wildlife Strikes To Civil Aircraft In The United States, January 1990–December 2006 , Sandra Wright Jan 2007

Some Significant Wildlife Strikes To Civil Aircraft In The United States, January 1990–December 2006 , Sandra Wright

Other Bird Strike and Aviation Materials

The U.S. Department of Agriculture, through an interagency agreement with the Federal Aviation Administration, compiles a database of all reported wildlife strikes to U.S. civil aircraft and to foreign carriers experiencing strikes in the USA. We have compiled over 66,000 strike reports from 1,528 airports, January1990 through December 2005 (over 7,100 strikes in 2005), but estimate that this represents only about 20% of the strikes that have occurred. The following examples from the database are presented to show the serious impacts that strikes by birds or other wildlife can have on aircraft. These examples, from throughout the USA, demonstrate the …

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Feather Identification Lab Jan 2007

Feather Identification Lab

Other Bird Strike and Aviation Materials

Shipping

Collecting Remains

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Birdstrike Collecting Kits Jan 2007

Birdstrike Collecting Kits

Other Bird Strike and Aviation Materials

The following are suggestions for items that may be included in pre-packaged birdstrike collecting kits. The final kit contents are really up to each individual airfield depending on contacts, protocols, how much you want to spend, etc. All of the items are easy to get and relatively inexpensive. Some items may be found on lab safety or veterinary supply websites.

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Gray Wolf (Canis Lupus) Jan 2007

Gray Wolf (Canis Lupus)

Rocky Mountain Wolf Recovery: Annual Reports

Second only to humans in adapting to climate extremes, gray wolves once ranged from coast to coast and from Alaska to Mexico in North America. They were absent from the East and the Southeast, which were occupied by red wolves (Canis rufus), and from the large deserts in the southwestern States. By the early 20th century, government-sponsored predator control programs and declines in prey brought gray wolves to near extinction in the lower 48 States.

Wolf groups, or packs, typically include a breeding pair (the alpha pair), their offspring, and other non-breeding adults. Wolves are capable of mating …

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Wolf Recovery In North America Jan 2007

Wolf Recovery In North America

Rocky Mountain Wolf Recovery: Annual Reports

Before the arrival of European settlers, wolves ranged widely across the continent, from coast to coast and from Canada to Mexico. Two species are found in North America, the gray wolf, with its various subspecies, and the red wolf, found in the southeastern United States.

Wolves play an important role as predators in the ecosystems they inhabit. They feed primarily on large mammals, such as deer and elk, removing sick and injured animals from the populations. Wolves are highly social, living in packs and hunting and raising young cooperatively.

As the country was settled, native prey species declined and the …

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Newsletter Of The Wildli Fe Society Wildlife Damage Management Working Group, Interactions: Volume 13 Issue 2 Spring 2007 Jan 2007

Newsletter Of The Wildli Fe Society Wildlife Damage Management Working Group, Interactions: Volume 13 Issue 2 Spring 2007

TWS Wildlife Damage Management Working Group Newsletter

From The Field Trapping Under Fire…..Again; Letters From Art: A Chair’s Message; Call for Papers: 23rd Vertebrate Pest Conference March 17-20, 2008 San Diego, California 22nd Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings Available; Calls from the Field (Or A House, Or A Farm, Or A…); Focus On the FIELD The Northeast Wildlife Damage Management Cooperative First Issue of Human-Wildlife Conflicts Now Available; Human-Wildlife Conflict in The News; The Wildlife Professional A New Public Action from Tws; Recent Wildlife Damage Management Research; The Wildlife Society Wildlife Damage Management Working Group Upcoming Meetings, Conferences and Events

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Newsletter Of The Wildlife Society Wildlife Damage Management Working Group Interactions:Volume 13 Issue 1 Winter 2007 Jan 2007

Newsletter Of The Wildlife Society Wildlife Damage Management Working Group Interactions:Volume 13 Issue 1 Winter 2007

TWS Wildlife Damage Management Working Group Newsletter

Elk Que Early To Beat The Christmas Rush….; Letters From Art: A President’s Message; 12th Wildlife Damage Management Conference; Calls from the Field (Or A House, Or A Farm, Or A…); The 12th WDM Conference Needs Your Support; First Issue of Human-Wildlife Conflicts to Be Published Soon; Bio for Interactions’ New Editor: Joe Caudell; Human-Wildlife Conflict In The News; Recent Wildlife Damage Management Research; International Conference on Fertility Control For Wildlife; 12th Wildlife Damage Management Registration Form And Hotel Information; The Wildlife Society Wildlife Damage Management Working Group; Upcoming Meetings, Conferences and Events

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Refuge Update – January/February 2007, Volume 4, Number 1 Jan 2007

Refuge Update – January/February 2007, Volume 4, Number 1

RefugeUpdate (USFWS-NWRS)

Table of Contents:

Rare Bee Species in South Carolina
Focus: Engaging the Next Generation
Wilderness Training
Bird Call

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Demographic And Spatial Characteristics Of Feral Hogs In The Chihuahuan Desert, Texas, Roger N. Adkins, Louis A. Harveston Jan 2007

Demographic And Spatial Characteristics Of Feral Hogs In The Chihuahuan Desert, Texas, Roger N. Adkins, Louis A. Harveston

Human–Wildlife Interactions

Feral hogs (Sus scrofa) have recently expanded their range to include portions of the arid regions of the Chihuahuan Desert, Texas. We examined feral hog density, survival rates, range size, and habitat use in the Davis Mountains, Texas, to understand hog ecology in a desert environment. We tested the hypothesis that densities of feral hogs across Texas would be positively related to precipitation. Feral hog densities in the Chihuahuan Desert were low (0.65 individuals/km2), supporting our prediction. Annual home range sizes (100% minimum convex polygon) were also high and averaged 48.3 ± 4.4 km2 and …

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A Landscape-Level Survey Of Feral Hog Impacts To Natural Resources Of The Big Thicket National Preserve, Pedro M. Chavarria, Roel R. Lopez, Gillian Bowser, Nova J. Silvy Jan 2007

A Landscape-Level Survey Of Feral Hog Impacts To Natural Resources Of The Big Thicket National Preserve, Pedro M. Chavarria, Roel R. Lopez, Gillian Bowser, Nova J. Silvy

Human–Wildlife Interactions

We conducted a survey of the impact of feral hog (Sus scrofa) on the natural resources of the Big Thicket National Preserve (BTNP), a unit of the National Park Service. We worked in 3 management units: Lance Rosier, Big Sandy, and Turkey Creek. Random stratified sampling was conducted to assess impacts from hog damage on resources by vegetation type at a landscape scale. Landscape features such as topography, soil moisture, soil type, and dominant vegetative cover types were used to predict hog damage. The overall damage to vegetation from hog rooting or wallowing averaged 28% within the 3 …

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Hogs Gone Wild, William H. Clay Jan 2007

Hogs Gone Wild, William H. Clay

Human–Wildlife Interactions

Wildlife damage management professionals deal with very few animals that pose as many conflicts or threats as those caused by feral hogs. Whether it’s crop damage, livestock predation, environmental degradation, or disease transmission, feral hogs play a substantial role. Earlier this year, headlines in major newspapers and other media outlets highlighted the latest incidence of an E. coli outbreak in California; more than 200 people across the United States became sick, and 3 people died as a result of eating fresh spinach contaminated with this bacteria. The source of the outbreak was traced back to feral hogs in California.

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Effi Cacy Of Cpth-Treated Egg Baits For Removing Ravens, Peter S. Coates, Jack O. Spencer, Jr., David J. Delehanty Jan 2007

Effi Cacy Of Cpth-Treated Egg Baits For Removing Ravens, Peter S. Coates, Jack O. Spencer, Jr., David J. Delehanty

Human–Wildlife Interactions

Human-altered landscapes have provided resource subsidies for common ravens (Corvus corax) resulting in a substantial increase in raven abundance and distribution throughout the United States and Canada in the past 25 years. Ravens are effective predators of eggs and young of ground-nesting birds. During 2002–2005, we tested whether chicken egg baits treated with CPTH (3-chloro-p-toluidine hydrochloride) could be used to manage raven numbers in an area where raven depredation was impacting sharp-tailed grouse (Tympanuchus phasianellus columbianus) and greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) populations in Nevada. We performed multiple raven surveys at a treatment site and …

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Use Of Decoy Traps To Protect Blueberries From Juvenile European Starlings, Michael R. Conover, Richard A. Dolbeer Jan 2007

Use Of Decoy Traps To Protect Blueberries From Juvenile European Starlings, Michael R. Conover, Richard A. Dolbeer

Human–Wildlife Interactions

Fruit consumption by large flocks of juvenile European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) is a serious problem for growers of strawberries, grapes, apples, cherries, blueberries, and other small fruit. This study examined if numbers of juvenile European starlings foraging in blueberry orchards could be reduced by catching them in decoy traps and relocating the birds elsewhere. From late July through August of 1989, 620 juvenile starlings were captured in 2 decoy traps at a blueberry orchard in Connecticut. A similar number were caught during the same period in 1990. During these 2 years, numbers of juvenile starlings foraging daily in …

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Ipm And Iwdm: Is There A Difference?, Michael J. Bodenchuck Jan 2007

Ipm And Iwdm: Is There A Difference?, Michael J. Bodenchuck

Human–Wildlife Interactions

Integrated pest management (IPM) has been the model for pest management for more than half a century. IPM has been defined as “the process of integrating and applying practical methods of prevention and control to keep pest situations from reaching damaging levels while minimizing potentially harmful effects of pest control measures on humans, nontarget species and the environment” (USDA 1994). The IPM model taught in invertebrate pest management classes includes the concept of an economic threshold (a level at which the benefits of control exceed the costs of the damage plus the costs of control). The methods which are “integrated” …

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Why This Journal Was Created, Johan T. Du Toit Jan 2007

Why This Journal Was Created, Johan T. Du Toit

Human–Wildlife Interactions

The publication of this second issue of Human–Wildlife Conflicts is something of a triumph, not only because it reflects the continued support of the journal by contributing authors, but also because it confirms the journal’s ability to survive through lean times. The Jack H. Berryman Institute is dependent on Congressionally directed federal funding passed through USDA/ APHIS/Wildlife Services, but that was disrupted by the power shift that occurred in the U.S. Congress in January. The resolution of Congress to withhold approval of most spending bills until presentation of the fiscal 2008 budget later this year meant that the Berryman Institute’s …

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Ecology And Management Of Feral Hogs, Stephen S. Ditchkoff, Ben C. West Jan 2007

Ecology And Management Of Feral Hogs, Stephen S. Ditchkoff, Ben C. West

Human–Wildlife Interactions

Feral hogs (Sus scrofa) have been present in North America since the arrival of the earliest settlers in the sixteenth century. Colonists originally released hogs because of the animals’ ability to survive on their own and to serve as a ready food supply for settlers. Since that time, hogs have expanded their range and now are present in 40 of the 50 United States and parts of Canada. Their rapid expansion is similar to that of other introduced species, and, as a result, they are generally classified as an invasive exotics, along with hundreds of other plant and …

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A Tribute To Frederick F. Knowlton, William H. Clay Jan 2007

A Tribute To Frederick F. Knowlton, William H. Clay

Human–Wildlife Interactions

Dr. Fredrick F. Knowlton officially retired on March 31, 2007, with well over 45 years of service to the USDA/Wildlife Services. Fred worked at Wildlife Services’ National Wildlife Research Center Field Station in Logan, Utah, for 35 years alone! His work on coyotes and other species has had an extraordinary impact on the science and management of coyotes. Things that we take for granted today about the life history of coyotes were the result of Fred’s tireless ambition to understand these animals and to improve our ability to manage them. One of our agency’s first Ph.D. hires, Fred produced about …

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America’S First Feral Hog War, Michael R. Conover Jan 2007

America’S First Feral Hog War, Michael R. Conover

Human–Wildlife Interactions

This issue of Human-Wildlife Conflicts focuses on the management of feral hogs (Sus scrofa). As this exotic species has become more numerous and has expanded its range in North America, its adverse impacts on both our nation’s agriculture and environment are becoming more apparent and alarming. How best to manage feral hogs has become one of the most vexing questions for wildlife agencies today, owing to society’s mixed attitudes towards feral hogs (Rollins et al. 2007). Environmentalists and farmers want feral hogs eradicated. Others, especially those who enjoy hunting them, are rooting (pun intended) for the continued expansion …

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Adaptive And Economic Management Methods For Feral Hog Control In Florida, Richard M. Engeman, Bernice U. Constantin, Stephanie A. Schwiff, Henry T. Smith, John Woolard, John Allen, John Dunlap Jan 2007

Adaptive And Economic Management Methods For Feral Hog Control In Florida, Richard M. Engeman, Bernice U. Constantin, Stephanie A. Schwiff, Henry T. Smith, John Woolard, John Allen, John Dunlap

Human–Wildlife Interactions

Feral hogs (Sus scrofa) negatively impact the environment in most places around the world where they have been introduced into the wild. In many places, hog removal is essential to protect special habitats, in particular, wetlands. This paper describes techniques developed for use in adaptive management approaches to enhance hog removal efforts in Florida, as well as methods to evaluate the economic impacts from hog management. A valuable adaptive management tool that can be an easily applied index to monitor feral hog activity is track plots. This method has been effective for monitoring hog distribution and relative abundance, …

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Hazing Of Canada Geese Is Unlikely To Reduce Nuisance Populations In Urban And Suburban Communities, Robin A. Holevinski, Paul D. Curtis, Richard A. Malecki Jan 2007

Hazing Of Canada Geese Is Unlikely To Reduce Nuisance Populations In Urban And Suburban Communities, Robin A. Holevinski, Paul D. Curtis, Richard A. Malecki

Human–Wildlife Interactions

Growing populations of resident Canada geese (Branta canadensis) have caused increased nuisance problems in urban and suburban communities. Hazing, or persistent harassment, is often recommended as a nonlethal management strategy to alleviate these problems. Does hazing simply cause a local redistribution of birds, or can it solve nuisance problems by pushing geese to rural areas where hunting mortality could reduce the population? To answer this question, we marked 368 adult and 400 juvenile geese with leg bands in 1 urban and 1 suburban community in western New York State during June 2002 and 2003. This sample included 30 …

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In Memory: A Tribute To Glen Stevenson And Joe Harris, Angie Dustin Jan 2007

In Memory: A Tribute To Glen Stevenson And Joe Harris, Angie Dustin

Human–Wildlife Interactions

Joe and Glen you could depend on
Along the river and the breaks
In rough country and wild weather
They’d be the ones you’d take

Pure poetry in motion
As across the hills they’d fly
Excitement in the hunt
And the freedom of the sky

We’ll pick up the radio
And try to call -‘57’
It’s then that it will hit us
As we gaze into the heavens

Whenever we hear the engine
Of a plane in distant sky
We’ll …

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In The News, Fall 2007, Joe N. Caudell Jan 2007

In The News, Fall 2007, Joe N. Caudell

Human–Wildlife Interactions

The Tribune-Democrat of Johnstown, Pennsylvania, reported several disturbing trends about the state’s 2006 feral hog hunt. Initially, it was thought that feral hogs existed only in small, isolated pockets within the state, consisting of <30 individuals per pocket. But, during the fall 2006 hunting season, at least 200 hogs were taken from 2 counties. USDA/ APHIS Wildlife Services has been studying the feral hog population and believes that there are at least 3,000 hogs in the state, and it has found evidence that the hogs are breeding in several counties. Wildlife biologists theorize that additional hunting pressure put on the hogs by large hunting parties is causing the hogs to disperse over a larger area than when they are pursued by individual hunters.

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