Stratigraphy Commons^™

Probable Glacial Climatic Conditions In Source Areas During Deposition Of Parts Of The Ash Hollow Formation, Ogallala Group (Late Tertiary), Of Western Nebraska, Patricia E. Helland, Robert F. Diffendal Jr.

Robert F. Diffendal, Jr., Publications

Evidence of the climatic conditions in the mountain sediment source areas for the late Tertiary Ash Hollow Formation of the Ogallala Group in western Nebraska has been sought in an SEM (scanning electron microscope) study of surface features on detrital quartz grains from these deposits. The following lines of indirect evidence raised the possibility of glacial conditions: uplift of up to 3500 m in the source areas, paleohydrologic parameters indicative of a transport system analogous to the modern North Saskatchewan River, and possible cold climate surface features on cobbles from the deposits. SEM analysis shows that five of the nine …

Geology, Geologic Time And Nebraska, Marvin P. Carlson

Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Information And Regulations Pertaining To Industrial Minerals In Nebraska, Raymond R. Burchett

Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Understanding Groundwater Starts With The Rocks: Geologic Fralnework, Groundwater Occurrence And Irrigation Development In Nebraska, Robert F. Diffendal Jr.

Robert F. Diffendal, Jr., Publications

Nebraska is blessed with abundant groundwater. This groundwater is found beneath much of the state, principally in the sediments and sedimentary rocks that blanket the ancient and largely crystalline rocks geologists call Precambrian (see block diagram of Nebraska's geology, p. 50). These younger deposits contain pieces of evidence such as fossils and sedimentary features that reveal the tremendous changes in the environment that have gone on over the last 570 million years, during which these deposits accumulated. Change is the name of the game in geologic history, just as it is in human history. Fundamental changes in geologic history across …

Profiles: Nelson Horatio Darton: His Surveys Laid The Foundation, Robert F. Diffendal Jr.

Robert F. Diffendal, Jr., Publications

No serious researcher studying the development of water resources in Nebraska, or for that matter in the central Great Plains, can overlook the works of Nelson Horatio Darton, the first geologist to study and publish about those resources in any detail. Darton originally published the names and characteristics of many hydrogeologic units beneath much of Nebraska, now used by groups as diverse as scientists, well drillers and the general public. These works are listed below. As an indication of the value of these early efforts, I have used these works for my research and can testify to their accuracy and …

Flat Water: A History Of Nebraska And Its Water, Robert D. Kuzelka, Charles A. Flowerday, Robert N. Manley, Bradley C. Rundquist, Sally J. Herrin

Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

The Origin And Evolution Of The Southern Snake Range Decollement, East Central Nevada, Allen J. Mcgrew

Department of Earth, Environment and Sustainability Faculty Publications

Regional and local stratigraphic, metamorphic, and structural constraints permit reconstruction of the southern Snake Range extensional deformational system in east central Nevada. The dominant structure of the range, the southern Snake Range décollement (SSRD), operated during Oligocene and Miocene extensional deformation to exhume a footwall of multiply deformed metasedimentary and plutonic rocks. Intrusion of three plutons (∼160 Ma, 79.1 ± 0.5 Ma, and 36 ± 1 Ma, respectively) and development of two cleavages preceded the onset of extensional deformation. Plastic deformation of lower plate metasedimentary rocks accompanied the early phases of regional extension and produced bedding-parallel grain shape foliations and …

Application Of Sealevel Stratigraphy To Neogene Great Plains Stratigraphy, Robert F. Diffendal Jr., A. Lowrie

Robert F. Diffendal, Jr., Publications

Absolute-dated high frequency (Milankovitch cycles) marine climate/sealevel oscillatory stratigraphy can be correlated generally with continental stratigraphies. Improvements in absolute dating of Neogene formations across the North American Great Plains make this a candidate area in which to correlate marine and continental stratigraphies. Mid-latitude continental areas respond directly to climate variations. During glaciated/ cold climates, sealevel lowering results in steepened river gradients, increased erosion all along the river channel, and larger stress-bed loads. This, combined with glacial catastrophic flooding, produces greater cut-and-fill sequences along river systems than crevasse splays along the emergent coastal plain, deltas along the shelf, and submarine fans …

Seismic Stratigraphy Of The Ontong Java Plateau, David Mosher, Larry A. Mayer, Tom H. Shipley, Edward L. Winterer, Rick A. Hagen, Janice C. Marsters, Frank Bassinot, Roy H. Wilkens, Mitchell Lyle

Affiliate Scholarship

The Ontong Java Plateau, a large, deep-water carbonate plateau in the western equatorial Pacific, is an ideal location for studying responses of carbonate sedimentation to the effects of changing paleoceanographic conditions. These carbonate responses are often reflected in the physical properties of the sediment, which in turn control the appearance of seismic reflection profiles. Seismic stratigraphy analyses, correlating eight reflector horizons to each drill site, have been conducted in an attempt to map stratigraphic data. Accurate correlation of seismic stratigraphic data to drilling results requires conversion of traveltime to depth in meters. Synthetic seismogram models, using shipboard physical properties data, …

Detailed Stratigraphic Correlation Of The Neogene Sedimentary Sequences On The Ontong Java Plateau By Well Logging; Odp Sites 803, 805, 806, 807, And Dsdp Site 586, Mitchell Lyle, Roy H. Wilkens, Larry A. Mayer

Affiliate Scholarship

We used well logs, in some cases combined with shipboard physical properties measurements to make more complete profiles and to correlate between sites on the Ontong Java Plateau. By comparing sediment bulk density, velocity, and resistivity logs from adjacent holes at the same site, we showed that even subtle features of the well logs are reproducible and are caused by variations in sedimentation. With only minor amounts of biostratigraphic information, we could readily correlate these sedimentary features across the entire top of the Ontong Java Plateau, demonstrating that for most of the Neogene the top of the plateau is a …

Velocity Anisotropy In Calcareous Sediments From Leg 130, Ontong Java Plateau, Frank Bassinot, Janice C. Marsters, Larry A. Mayer, Roy H. Wilkens

Affiliate Scholarship

During Leg 130, an intensive program of P-wave velocity measurements was conducted on calcareous sediments of varying induration (ranging from ooze to limestone) that cover the Ontong Java Plateau (west equatorial Pacific). The high quantity and quality of shipboard acoustical property measurements seemed to be particularly appropriate for gaining a better understanding of acoustic anisotropy in calcareous sediments. Major results can be summarized as follows: 1. In calcareous oozes, acoustic anisotropy exists even at shallow depths of burial. Values are low, ranging from -0.5% to 3.5% and averaging 1.2%. Anisotropy profiles are affected by coring disturbances, but they still roughly …

Uranium Deposits In Nebraska, R. R. Burchett

Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Organic Geochemistry Of Permian Organic-Rich Sediments From The Sudetes Area, Sw Poland, Shareen R. Yawanarajah, Michael A. Kruge, Maria Mastalerz, Wojciech Sliwinski

Department of Earth and Environmental Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

Lacustrine and marine sediments from the Permian rift-basins of southwestern Poland were analysed using GC-MS and petrographic techniques. High Pr/Ph ratios, gamma- and beta-carotanes and gammacerane in the lacustrine sediments indicate deposition under elevated water salinities. The primary organic matter is represented by bacterial and algal lipids with variable terrestrial input. Marine algal lipids with minor bacterial and cyanobacterial lipids are the primary source of organic matter in the marine sediments. Extended hopanes, n-alkanes with even-odd predominance and low Ts/Tm ratios are consistent with deposition in a closed, evaporitic basin with substantial carbonate sedimentation.

Geology Of Arbor Day Farm Nebraska City, Nebraska, R. R. Burchett

Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Correlation Of The Tioga Bentonites Using Rhyolitic Melt Inclusions Found In Quartz Phenocrysts As Geochemical Fingerprints, John W. Waechter

Geology Theses and Dissertations

The Tioga bentonites were first noted by Fettke in 1931 from well cuttings in the Tioga gas fields of Tioga County, Pennsylvania. They have been used by many investigators (Oliver, 1954, 1956; Dennison, 1963; Dennison and Textoris, 1967, 1978; Epstein, 1986; Smith and Way, 1983; Way et al., 1986) as a time-plane to correlate stratigraphic units from eastern Pennsylvania to Illinois and from southern Ontario to Virginia. The Tioga bentonites are recognized as seven major volcanic ash layers labeled Tioga-A - Tioga-G as well as several minor layers labeled Tioga-A1 - Tioga-A3 (Way et al., 1986). They occur within the …

A Paleoseismic Investigation Of The Mcgregor Fault, East-Central New York, Steven J. Tice

Geology Theses and Dissertations

The structural disposition and movement potential of the McGregor Fault System in Eastern New York State are reviewed from the perspective of a paleoseismic investigation. The McGregor Fault zone has been located beneath deltaic sediments west of West Glens Falls using commercial and residential bore hole data and microgravity surveys. A 34 m long trench was excavated in overburden near the western margin of the McGregor Fault zone to a depth of 3.2 m. Stratified fluvially deposited sediments were exposed which showed no evidence of earthquake induced deformation or offset. However, the overburden present here does not possess optimal qualities …

Resource News-March/April 1993

Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Nebraska Mineral Operations Review, 1992, R. R. Burchett, Duane A. Eversoll

Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Cedar County Test Hole Logs, Raymond R. Burchett

Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Cuming County Test Hole Logs, Raymond R. Burchett, Frank A. Smith

Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Geology And Mineral Resources Of Boone, Greeley, Nance, And Wheeler Counties, Nebraska, Raymond R. Burchett

Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Resource Notes-Academic Year 1992-93

Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Resource News-July/August 1993

Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Niobrara River Basin Geological References, Including Parts Of South Dakota Both In And Outside Of The Basin, Robert F. Diffendal Jr.

Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications

Includes Niobrara River Basin geological references, including parts of South Dakota both in and outside of the basin.

Groundwater-Level Changes In Nebraska, 1991, Gregory V. Steele, Perry B. Wigley

Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Stable Isotope Composition Of Calcareous Paleosols And Ground-Water Cements From The Ogallala Group (Neogene), Western Nebraska, Leonard Robert Gardner, Robert F. Diffendal Jr., Douglas F. Williams

Robert F. Diffendal, Jr., Publications

A preliminary survey has been made of the stable isotope composition of secondary carbonates in the Ogallala Group of western Nebraska. The purpose of the study was to ascertain whether the isotopic signatures of calcareous paleosols in the fine grained facies of the Ogallala and groundwater cements in gravel facies might provide a basis for stratigraphic correlation and/or paleoclimatic interpretation.

The groundwater cemented channel gravels are modestly depicted in IRO (δ¹⁸O = –10‰) as compared to calcareous paleo'sols (δ¹⁸O = –8.0 to –9.0‰). Gravels of different age, however, have essentially identical isotopic signatures. The isotopic variability …

Hydrogeology Of Parts Of The Twin Platte And Middle Republican Natural Resources Districts, Southwestern Nebraska, J. W. Goeke, J. M. Peckenpaugh, R. E. Cady, J. T. Dugan, R. A. Engberg

Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Seabeam And Seismic Reflection Surveys On The Ontong Java Plateau, Larry A. Mayer, Tom H. Shipley, Edward L. Winterer, David Mosher, Rick A. Hagen

Affiliate Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Resource News-May/June 1992

Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Solid Waste Management In Seismic Impact Zones, Raymond R. Burchett

Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications

No abstract provided.