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Articles 1 - 30 of 51
Full-Text Articles in Hydrology
Clustering Of Potable Water Sources In Rural Oyo State, Nigeria: Implications For Equitable Distribution And Sustainability, Adesola Adediran, Ibrahim O. Raufu
Clustering Of Potable Water Sources In Rural Oyo State, Nigeria: Implications For Equitable Distribution And Sustainability, Adesola Adediran, Ibrahim O. Raufu
Tanzania Journal of Science
Adequate and equitable access to potable water remains a major challenge in rural communities of Oyo State, Nigeria, with uncoordinated provision leading to widespread shortages. This study employs geospatial techniques to assess the spatial distribution of water supply sources across five purposively selected rural communities in Olorunsogo Local Government Area (OLGA). Geographic coordinates of boreholes, hand-dug wells, and other potable water sources were collected using a handheld Garmin GPS 76S device. Spatial analysis was conducted using ArcGIS, and Nearest Neighbour Analysis (NNA) was applied to evaluate the pattern of distribution. Results indicate a strong tendency toward clustering, with a Nearest …
Hydrogeophysical Assessment Of Groundwater And Saltwater–Freshwater Interface In A Quaternary– Neogene Coastal Aquifer, Kilwa Kisiwani Island, Southeast Tanzania, Simon R. Melchioly
Hydrogeophysical Assessment Of Groundwater And Saltwater–Freshwater Interface In A Quaternary– Neogene Coastal Aquifer, Kilwa Kisiwani Island, Southeast Tanzania, Simon R. Melchioly
Tanzania Journal of Science
This study aims to identify and explore new potential sites of groundwater resources using geophysical methods, and to demarcate the depth to the saltwater-freshwater interface. Kilwa Kisiwani Island is geologically covered mostly by Neogene and Quaternary alluvial sediments, sand and gravel. The geophysical techniques employed during the research include Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES), Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT), and Transient Electromagnetics (TEM). The Island has the potential for groundwater occurrences, but the layer with fresh water is shallow and thin. Out of the 18 VES sites, 2 (11%) points have shown non-potential, but the remaining 16 (89%) of the VES sites …
Hydrogeochemical Characterization Of Groundwater In Fractured Crystalline Basement Aquifers In Dodoma, Central Tanzania: Implications On Water Quality For Domestic And Irrigation Applications, George J. Ishabairu, Simon R. Melchioly, Charles H. Kasanzu, Gabriel D. Mulibo
Hydrogeochemical Characterization Of Groundwater In Fractured Crystalline Basement Aquifers In Dodoma, Central Tanzania: Implications On Water Quality For Domestic And Irrigation Applications, George J. Ishabairu, Simon R. Melchioly, Charles H. Kasanzu, Gabriel D. Mulibo
Tanzania Journal of Science
Assessment of groundwater hydrogeochemistry characteristics of aquifers plays a vital role in establishing water quality status and its suitability for human and industrial use. The main objective of this research was to carry out hydrogeochemical characterization of groundwater and assess its impacts on water quality and spatial variability of groundwater geochemistry in Dodoma, Tanzania. The methods used include groundwater sampling, laboratory analysis to determine physico- chemical parameters and data processing to classify the groundwater hydrochemical facies. The results show that the average value for pH is 7.2, for electrical conductivity (EC) is 1108 µS/cm and for total dissolved solids (TDS) …
Aquifer Distribution In Lukobe Ward, Morogoro Municipality, Tanzania: Mapped Resources For Sustainable Water Access, Kelvin K. Kayuni
Aquifer Distribution In Lukobe Ward, Morogoro Municipality, Tanzania: Mapped Resources For Sustainable Water Access, Kelvin K. Kayuni
Tanzania Journal of Science
In response to the ongoing challenges posed by the scarcity of reliable fresh-water sources in Lukobe Ward, Morogoro Municipality, Tanzania, this study applied an integrated approach that combines geospatial and geophysical datasets to identify previously undocumented aquifers. The datasets utilized include an apparent density map generated from high-resolution GGMPlus satellite gravity data, a geological map (Quarter Degree Sheet 183), a water drainage map, and a slope map created from a digital elevation model (DEM). The analysis successfully identified four unconfined, saprolitic aquifers in the study area, designated as aquifers A, B, C, and D. These aquifers span areas of 12.2 …
The Effects Of Algal Blooms On Oxygen Levels In Lakes Babati And Eyasi, Tanzania, Amelia S. Buriyo, Nyatwere D. Mganga, Mary Melchiory
The Effects Of Algal Blooms On Oxygen Levels In Lakes Babati And Eyasi, Tanzania, Amelia S. Buriyo, Nyatwere D. Mganga, Mary Melchiory
Tanzania Journal of Science
Globally aquatic ecosystems are reportedly overwhelmed by algal blooms due to excessive deposition of nutrients which ultimately cause hypoxia, leading to massive fish death. This study aimed at assessing the relationship between algae contents and dissolved oxygen (DO) in Lake Babati which is threatened by anthropogenic activities, whereas Lake Eyasi was used as a control. Algae contents (chlorophyll a), DO and surface water temperature were measured using standard methods. Results revealed that the mean algae content was significantly higher (4.47±0.88 mg/L) in Lake Babati than in Lake Eyasi (1.6±0.45 mg/L) (P < 0.05) and was beyond the standard permissible levels for domestic water supply and healthy ecosystem. Conversely, DO was significantly lower in Lake Babati than in Lake Eyasi (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in water temperature in the two lakes (P > 0.05). Furthermore, there was an inverse relationship between algae …
Public Perceptions Of Water Quality In The Lake Bunyonyi Sub-Catchment, Western Uganda, Alex Saturday, Thomas J. Lyimo, Siajali Pamba, Susan Kangume, Jeniffer Turyatemba
Public Perceptions Of Water Quality In The Lake Bunyonyi Sub-Catchment, Western Uganda, Alex Saturday, Thomas J. Lyimo, Siajali Pamba, Susan Kangume, Jeniffer Turyatemba
Tanzania Journal of Science
Lake Bunyonyi ecosystem plays vital roles in water resource conservancy and tourism. Nevertheless, the rapid increase in human population and the unrelenting human activities are threatening the values, functions, and ecological integrity of the lake. In this study, the public perceptions of drinking water quality and its health implications in the Lake Bunyonyi Sub-catchment, Western Uganda are presented. A closed-ended questionnaire was administered to 267 respondents living within one Kilometre away from the lake shores. Besides, observation and interview methods were used to complement data collected by the questionnaire method. Results indicate that the prominent activities around the lake are …
Dna Barcoding Reveals Occurrence Of Cardiocephaloides Sp. (Digenea: Strigeidae) Infecting The Great Cormorant Phalacrocorax Carbo (L. 1758) In Mwanza Gulf, Lake Victoria, Fred D Chibwana
Tanzania Journal of Science
Cormorants (Pelecaniformes) are widely distributed worldwide, occurring as coastal birds in inland waters and marine environments, and have been implicated in the transmission of some aquatic parasites. As such, the objective of the present work was to investigate the occurrence and morphological variations in Cardiocephaloides (Digenea: Strigeidae), parasites of the great cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo. The Cardiocephaloides specimens used for molecular analysis (DNA barcoding (cox1) region) were obtained from the intestines of the great cormorants collected from Mwanza Gulf in Lake Victoria. Morphological examination of Cardiocephaloides specimens showed the possible co-existence of four morphospecies belonging to the genus Cardiocephaloides. However, detailed …
Spatial Analysis Of Groundwater Potential: A Firsthand Approach Towards Groundwater Development In Moroto District, Uganda, Musa W. Lowot, Augustina C. Alexander
Spatial Analysis Of Groundwater Potential: A Firsthand Approach Towards Groundwater Development In Moroto District, Uganda, Musa W. Lowot, Augustina C. Alexander
Tanzania Journal of Science
Groundwater is a vital resource that helps mankind and development. However, in Moroto District challenges of groundwater development has increased arising from changes in rainfall patterns coupled with high abstraction from population increase. In this study, the spatial variability of groundwater potential was assessed to develop a tool that will aid decision on groundwater potential sites selection for groundwater development/exploration. The study utilized an integrated technique and tools such as Remote Sensing (RS), Geographic Information System (GIS) and Multi Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) in analysis and delineation of potential areas for successful groundwater development. The generated map through weighted overlay …
Urinary Schistosomiasis And Its Potential For Cancer And Hepato-Renal Function Alterations Among The Residents Of Asejire Dam, South-Western Nigeria, Omowumi O. Adewale, Monsurat O. Odebode, Maryam O. Mustapha, Oluwatosin A. Adetuyi, Monsuru A. Adeleke
Urinary Schistosomiasis And Its Potential For Cancer And Hepato-Renal Function Alterations Among The Residents Of Asejire Dam, South-Western Nigeria, Omowumi O. Adewale, Monsurat O. Odebode, Maryam O. Mustapha, Oluwatosin A. Adetuyi, Monsuru A. Adeleke
Tanzania Journal of Science
Urinary schistosomiasis is of public health significance in sub-Saharan Africa with its prevalence being linked to carcinogenesis. However, there is a paucity of data to support this relationship. This study explored the prevalence and intensity of Schistosoma haematobium infections and its associations with cancer and hepatorenal function alterations in villages along the Asejire dam in the State of Osun, Nigeria. Urine samples from 152 consented participants (aged 18–75 years) from four communities were collected and examined for Schistosoma haematobium using the microscopy method. The blood serum of randomly selected infected and non-infected individuals (10 per group) was screened for tumor, …
Suitability Of Flood Hazard Assessment Methods For Tanzania: A Case Of Little Ruaha And Upper Ngerengere Catchment, Kashimbi J. Kihara, Patrick Valimba, Joel Nobert
Suitability Of Flood Hazard Assessment Methods For Tanzania: A Case Of Little Ruaha And Upper Ngerengere Catchment, Kashimbi J. Kihara, Patrick Valimba, Joel Nobert
Tanzania Journal of Science
Understanding the applicability of flood quantile estimation methods in flood hazard assessment is fundamental for planning, prevention, and management of flood risks. Therefore, this study evaluates and compares three hydrological methods, namely Hydrologiska Byråns Vattenbalansavdelning (HBV), Soil Conservation Service-Curve Number (SCS-CN), and regional regression equation (RRE), to estimate flood quantiles embedded in the existing flood damage assessment framework by applying them to two different river catchments, Little Ruaha (LR) and Upper Ngerengere (UN), Tanzania. The evaluation of method performance was carried out using three standard statistical measures for data from 1954 to 2010 and the 1971–1988 period in LR and …
Mollusc Shells From Neolithic Contexts In The Lake Eyasi Basin, Northern Tanzania, Musa S. Mwitondi, Albert S. Mjandwa, Pastory M. Bushozi
Mollusc Shells From Neolithic Contexts In The Lake Eyasi Basin, Northern Tanzania, Musa S. Mwitondi, Albert S. Mjandwa, Pastory M. Bushozi
Tanzania Journal of Science
The study of the Neolithic period in the Lake Eyasi Basin was dominated by attempts to formulate the area’s chronology, mobility, settlement patterns, subsistence, and cultural capabilities of Neolithic people as attested by domesticated animals, pottery, and lithic artefacts. Occasionally, studies on molluscs were mentioned, but rarely described in detail. Neolithic sites across the Lake Eyasi Basin have yielded remains of both terrestrial (gastropods) and freshwater mollusc shells (mussels). The abundance of mollusc shell remains in the archaeological records of the Lake Eyasi Basin have played a great role in chronological settings, mobility and community integrations, studies of settlement patterns, …
Determination Of 40k, 226ra And 228ra Concentrations With Dose Rates In Crayfish From Ode Omi River And Radiological Implications To The Consumers, Olusegun Sowole, Qasim Abolanle Adeniji, Muyideen O Olagunju
Determination Of 40k, 226ra And 228ra Concentrations With Dose Rates In Crayfish From Ode Omi River And Radiological Implications To The Consumers, Olusegun Sowole, Qasim Abolanle Adeniji, Muyideen O Olagunju
Tanzania Journal of Science
Natural radionuclides such as 40K, 226Ra and 228Ra are found naturally in water and sediments of rivers, likewise in soils. They are transferred to aquatic animals through ingestion. Radioactivity concentrations and dose rates of 40K, 226Ra and 228Ra in crayfish species from Ode Omi River in coastal region, Ogun State Southwest of Nigeria were determined by gamma spectrometry using NaI (TI) detector coupled with a pre-amplifier base to a multiple channel analyzer (MCA). 15 samples of crayfish were collected. Cherax tenuimanus had the highest mean concentration and dose rate of values 106.87 ± 9.11 Bq kg–1 and 0.00960 mGy hr–1 …
Geological Controls On Brine Discharge In Itumbula Salt Dam Within The Rukwa Rift In Momba District, Tanzania, Mwita S Maswi, Octavian Minja, Chakutema Batwenge
Geological Controls On Brine Discharge In Itumbula Salt Dam Within The Rukwa Rift In Momba District, Tanzania, Mwita S Maswi, Octavian Minja, Chakutema Batwenge
Tanzania Journal of Science
The Itumbula salt dam of the Rukwa Rift Basin is a depression formed through extraction of spring-derived salt crystals. Brine yield by springs which is the primary cause of significant amounts of salt in the dam required further geological investigations to understand yield controls. In this study, detailed field geological investigations in the salt dam and its surroundings were conducted to ascertain brine discharge controls. These included documentation of lithology and surface manifestations of brine deposition. Geophysical methods (i.e. magnetic and electric surveys) for studying geologic structures associated with brine deposits, and laboratory analysis of cations and anions (e.g. chlorides, …
Hydrogeophysical Investigation For The Aquifers In Part Of Ilorin, Central Nigeria: Implication On Groundwater Prospect, Ayodele Kehinde Olawuyi
Hydrogeophysical Investigation For The Aquifers In Part Of Ilorin, Central Nigeria: Implication On Groundwater Prospect, Ayodele Kehinde Olawuyi
Tanzania Journal of Science
Hydrogeophysical study involving the use of Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) was carried out in part of the basement complex rocks of Ilorin, central Nigeria, with the aim of determining its geoelectric parameters and groundwater potential. A total of thirty (30) VES were carried out using Schlumberger electrode configuration, with half electrode separation (AB/2) varying from 1m to 100m. Information on the subsurface lithologies, overburden thickness and aquiferous layers were obtained from the different VES locations in the study area. From the quantitative interpretations of the data collected, using the method of curve matching with the Orellana-Mooney master curves and 1-D …
Determination Of Aquifer Parameters From Resistivity Data: A Case Of University Of Ilorin Campus, Northcentral Nigeria, Babatunde Onawola, Saminu Olatunji, Oluwatoyin Ologe, Razak Jimoh
Determination Of Aquifer Parameters From Resistivity Data: A Case Of University Of Ilorin Campus, Northcentral Nigeria, Babatunde Onawola, Saminu Olatunji, Oluwatoyin Ologe, Razak Jimoh
Tanzania Journal of Science
A total of twenty-one (21) vertical electrical sounding (VES) data were acquired using Pz-02 resistivity meter within the Precambrian basement area of part of Ilorin Metropolis north central Nigeria to evaluate the hydraulic characteristics of aquifers. The Schlumberger configuration with half-current electrode separation (AB/2) varying from 1 m to 60 m was used. The aquifer hydraulic characteristics such as hydraulic conductivity K and transmissivity T (Ωm2) were calculated from the interpreted VES data using the concept of Dar-Zarrouk parameters. The data, processed with computer software IPI2WIN, indicated three to four geo-electric layers, namely; topsoil, clayey (wet to dry), weathered or …
Hiv/Aids Transmission Dynamics: Modelling The Roles Of Long Distance Truck Drivers, Nyimvua Mbare
Hiv/Aids Transmission Dynamics: Modelling The Roles Of Long Distance Truck Drivers, Nyimvua Mbare
Tanzania Journal of Science
A mathematical model to investigate the roles of long distance truck drivers on HIV transmission dynamics was formulated and analyzed to establish the existence of disease free and endemic equilibrium points. The results show that, the disease free equilibrium point is asymptotically stable when the basic reproduction number is less than unity and unstable otherwise. Furthermore, comprehensive analyses on the two steady states (infection free and endemic) have shown that they are both globally and asymptotically stable. Sensitivity analysis is performed on the reproduction number in order to establish the relative importance of parameters, and it shows that the truck …
Monitoring Impervious Surface Area Dynamics To Assess Urbanisation Of A Catchment: Msimbazi River Valley Dar Es Salaam, 1989 - 2015, Befrina Igulu, Elisante Mshiu
Monitoring Impervious Surface Area Dynamics To Assess Urbanisation Of A Catchment: Msimbazi River Valley Dar Es Salaam, 1989 - 2015, Befrina Igulu, Elisante Mshiu
Tanzania Journal of Science
This work examined the effects of land use and cover change on the impervious surface as a measure of urbanisation together with its driving factors such as population growth and economic development. The spatial and temporal variations of the impervious surface area were extracted from the Landsat images of the years 1989, 1995, 2005, and 2015. Data analyses involved the selection of the endmember through Minimum Noise Fraction (MNF) and Linear Spectral Mixed Analysis (LSMA) on the images. Four dominant land cover types were mapped as results, which are forest, non-forest vegetation, bare-land, and built-up area. The non-forest vegetation and …
1-D Transport Behaviour Of Emerging Contaminants In The Unidirectional Flowing Surface Waters Of The Msimbazi River, Hossein Miraji, Eunice Mureithi, Othman Othman, Faustin Ngassapa
1-D Transport Behaviour Of Emerging Contaminants In The Unidirectional Flowing Surface Waters Of The Msimbazi River, Hossein Miraji, Eunice Mureithi, Othman Othman, Faustin Ngassapa
Tanzania Journal of Science
The primary objectives of this investigation of environmental pollution were to assess spatio-temporal concentrations and predictions of transport behaviour of pollutants in aqueous media. In order to attain these goals for the Msimbazi river, the analytical and numerical solutions to the 1-D advection-dispersion equation (ADE) implemented the first-type inlet condition. The MATLAB software was used to solve the analytical equation resulting from the ADE equation. The solution to the ADE model enabled effective prediction of contaminants’spatial distribution within a distance of 200 m from a point source in the direction of flowing water. Among the first and third-types inlet conditions, …
A Survey Of Fish Parasites From Pangani Catchment And Lake Kitangiri In Singida, Tanzania, Fred D. Chibwana, Johnson G. Mshana, Jestina V. Katandukila
A Survey Of Fish Parasites From Pangani Catchment And Lake Kitangiri In Singida, Tanzania, Fred D. Chibwana, Johnson G. Mshana, Jestina V. Katandukila
Tanzania Journal of Science
Inland water fisheries are a significant source of dietary protein to human populations, and consequently they are essential economic activities worldwide. However, both natural waters and aquaculture systems, which form the freshwater fisheries are faced with a problem of fish parasitic diseases which may result in reduced productivity and market value. The present study, therefore, carried out a survey on fish parasites from the Pangani catchment (Nyumba ya Mungu dam and Lake Jipe) and Lake Kitangiri in Singida Region in Tanzania to seal the gap of occurrence, diversity and abundance of helminths. Three species of fish viz. 111 African sharptooth …
Mammals Inventory Of The Kihansi River Gorge In Udzungwa Mountains, Tanzania, Dennis K. Ikanda, Samuel N. Mtoka, Mustafa Hassanali, Anna Mshanga
Mammals Inventory Of The Kihansi River Gorge In Udzungwa Mountains, Tanzania, Dennis K. Ikanda, Samuel N. Mtoka, Mustafa Hassanali, Anna Mshanga
Tanzania Journal of Science
The Kihansi gorge montane forest in Udzungwa Mountains forms part of the Eastern Arc Mountains (EAM) which contain some of the most biologically diverse and endemic montane ecosystems in all of Africa. The Kihansi river gorge was opened up for hydroelectric development in the late 1990s, attracting hundreds of farming communities whose activities lead to environmental degradation and hence presumed biodiversity loss in the montane forest which is not understood. Using camera traps, an inventory of mammals of the area was conducted for 24 consecutive days. About 14 mammal species were photo captured, indicating diverse assemblage of large and medium …
Crop Pests, Control Measures And Potential Impacts In Kihansi Catchment Area, Beatrice Pallangyo, K. Mdily, C. Mkondo, A. Kibola
Crop Pests, Control Measures And Potential Impacts In Kihansi Catchment Area, Beatrice Pallangyo, K. Mdily, C. Mkondo, A. Kibola
Tanzania Journal of Science
A baseline survey which covered 349 households in Bomang’ombe and Masisiwe (Kilolo district), Kibengu and Mapanda (Mufindi district) and Chita and Chisano (Kilombero district) was conducted to identify major pests, control measures and potential impacts in Kihansi catchment area. Maize was the most predominant crop being cultivated by 55% of the total respondents in all the study districts. Pests and diseases were the major constraints to crop production, whereby cereal stem borers were the most serious pests being reported by 88.2% of respondents. Application of synthetic pesticides was the major pest control measure, being applied by 66% of the respondents. …
Research Work And Conservation Initiatives In The Kihansi Catchment Ecosystem, Tanzania, Cl Nahonyo
Research Work And Conservation Initiatives In The Kihansi Catchment Ecosystem, Tanzania, Cl Nahonyo
Tanzania Journal of Science
Keynote Address for the Scientific Conference on Research and Conservation Initiatives in the Kihansi Catchment Ecosystem: Successes, Challenges and Way forward held at the National Carbon Monitoring Centre (NCMC), Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA) on 24 – 27 July 2017.
Land Cover Change Detection In The Urban Catchments Of Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania Using Remote Sensing And Gis Techniques, Philip Mzava, Joel Nobert, Patrick Valimba
Land Cover Change Detection In The Urban Catchments Of Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania Using Remote Sensing And Gis Techniques, Philip Mzava, Joel Nobert, Patrick Valimba
Tanzania Journal of Science
In this study, the Maximum Likelihood (ML) classification, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) methods were applied to three (3) Landsat images collected over time (1979, 1998 and 2014), that contained historical land cover features for the urban catchments of Dar es Salaam. Five major land cover classes were identified, mapped, and the land cover changes investigated. The major land cover changes observed from post-classification comparisons of the classified images are: the forest land losing 17.09% of its area in the period 1979-1998 to other land covers, mainly turning to grassland, and from 1998 to 2014, …
Quantitative Assessment Of Resistivity Anisotropy In Evaluation Of Laminated Shaly Sand Hydrocarbon Reservoirs–A Case Study In The Barents Sea, Norway, Ernest S. Mulaya
Quantitative Assessment Of Resistivity Anisotropy In Evaluation Of Laminated Shaly Sand Hydrocarbon Reservoirs–A Case Study In The Barents Sea, Norway, Ernest S. Mulaya
Tanzania Journal of Science
Resistivity anisotropy in shaly sand lamination sequences affects the hydrocarbon evaluation in multiple dimensions of petrophysical logs. Currently, vertical resistivity (Rv) and horizontal resistivity (Rh) from 3D triaxial induction measurements can be applied simultaneously to resolve these petrophysical impacts. In this paper, an extensive analysis is offered with a focus on the hydrocarbon evaluation based on advanced petrophysical logs from a well. A critical analysis is done on the three comparable cases including clean formation as a base case, shaly sand case and laminated shaly sand case towards resolving resistivity anisotropy in a typical shaly sand laminated reservoir. The analysis …
Geological Modeling Of Hydrocarbon Reservoir Rocks In The Mafia Basin, Offshore Tanzania, Bahati Mohamed, Elisante Mshiu, Ernest Mulaya
Geological Modeling Of Hydrocarbon Reservoir Rocks In The Mafia Basin, Offshore Tanzania, Bahati Mohamed, Elisante Mshiu, Ernest Mulaya
Tanzania Journal of Science
This study presents a 3D geological model of reservoir rocks in the Mafia Basin based on interpretation of 2D seismic and well data towards understanding the hydrocarbon prospectivity. 2D seismic data were used to generate surface maps and therefore the subsurface configuration of the reservoir complemented with petrophysical analysis to determine lithology and reservoir properties. Structural and petrophysical properties modeling were distributed stochastically within the constructed 3D grid using Sequential Indicator Simulation (SIS) and Gaussian Random Function Simulation (GRFS) algorithms. Results from well log analysis and petrophysical models classify the reservoir under a moderate reservoir quality with 19% to 20% …
Preliminary Sedimentology And Stratigraphy Of The Enigmatic Middle Lake Beds Succession (Pleistocene?) In The Rukwa Rift Basin, Tanzania, Cassy Mtelela
Tanzania Journal of Science
This paper presents sedimentology and stratigraphic overview of a series of previously unrecognized lithostratigraphic unit in the Rukwa Rift Basin, Tanzania. Based on the cross-cutting relationship and pilot detrital zircon geochronology, these isolated, enigmatic strata are herein informally termed the middle Lake Beds (mLB). Facies analysis reveals that the mLB units were deposited within a complex array of depositional environments, ranging from alluvial to fluvial channels, floodplains and shallow lakes. The mLB are characterised herein as isolated outcrop exposures with uncertain age relationships, but which can be divided into five distinctive lithostratigraphic units herein identified as informal members (A-E). These …
Assessment Of Water Quality Variation In Rivers Through Comparative Index Technique And Its Reliability For Decision Making, Aldo Kitalika, Revocatus Machunda, Hans Komakech, Karoli N Njau
Assessment Of Water Quality Variation In Rivers Through Comparative Index Technique And Its Reliability For Decision Making, Aldo Kitalika, Revocatus Machunda, Hans Komakech, Karoli N Njau
Tanzania Journal of Science
The National Sanitation Foundation (NSF) and Weighed Arithmetic Index (WAI) methods for water quality index (WQI) have been studied to evaluate their reliability in water quality assessment in rivers. Water samples were collected in various GPS predetermined points in Temi, Nduruma, Tengeru and Maji ya Chai rivers-Tanzania during wet and dry seasons and were analyzed for several water quality parameters using standard methods as per APHA. Medium to excellent water qualities were observed for pristine environment in three rivers except Maji ya Chai under NSF and WIA methods, respectively. Excellent water quality was observed in the pristine environment of Temi …
Spread Of Tylodelphys Mashonense (Digenea: Diplostomidae) By Grey Heron Ardea Cinerea And Great White Egret A. Alba In Lake Victoria, Tanzania, Fred D. Chibwana, Gamba Nkwengulila
Spread Of Tylodelphys Mashonense (Digenea: Diplostomidae) By Grey Heron Ardea Cinerea And Great White Egret A. Alba In Lake Victoria, Tanzania, Fred D. Chibwana, Gamba Nkwengulila
Tanzania Journal of Science
Despite the fact that Tylodelphys mashonense, parasites of the cranial cavity of the catfish Clarias gariepinus, are ubiquitous in freshwater systems, little is known on their spread. As such, we examined a total of 152 piscivorous birds, belonging to 6 species; 43 great cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo, 33 grey heron Ardea cinerea, 26 hamerkop Scopus umbretta, 22 great white egret Ardea alba, 15 marabou stork Leptoptilos crumeniferus and 13 pied kingfisher Ceryle rudis foraging in the Lake Victoria. Out of the six bird species only A. cinerea and A. alba were found infected by T. mashonense with prevalence of 42.4% and …
Salt Lakes Of The African Rift System: A Valuable Research Opportunity For Insight Into Nature’S Concenrtated Multi-Electrolyte Science, Jyn Philip, Dms Mosha
Salt Lakes Of The African Rift System: A Valuable Research Opportunity For Insight Into Nature’S Concenrtated Multi-Electrolyte Science, Jyn Philip, Dms Mosha
Tanzania Journal of Science
The Tanzanian rift system salt lakes present significant cultural, ecological, recreational and economical values. Beyond the wealth of minerals, resources of these rift salt lakes include unique wildlife, for instance Lesser Flamingo (Phoenicopterus minor) and Cichlids (Alcolapia spp), which adapted chemically aggressive environments like that of Lake Natron. The general hydrochemical equilibria of these salt lakes is governed by Na+ > K+ >> Ca2+ ~ Mg2+ : (CO32- + HCO3-) > Cl- > SO42-~ F- ionic concentration pattern. Salt accumulation mechanism in these endorheic lakes is considered to base on thermo-mechanical disintegrative stress of the geochemistry sourcing. The rains chemically interact with rift terrains, …
Host-Parasites Relationship For Lake Victoria Clariid Fishes And Their Parasite Fauna, C. J. Mwita
Host-Parasites Relationship For Lake Victoria Clariid Fishes And Their Parasite Fauna, C. J. Mwita
Tanzania Journal of Science
Host-parasite co-evolutionary relationships for the clariid fish species of the Lake Victoria basin and their parasite fauna was inferred by cytochrome b gene and the 18S rDNA using ‘a strict coevolutionary’ constrained tree method, the results of which revealed a phylogenetic incongruence between the fish hosts and their parasite fauna. The present study further indicated that the sympatric association between the clariid hosts and non-clariid fishes in Lake Victoria makes it possible for the parasites to switch from one host to another and hence the large number of shared parasites observed. The specificity of some of the parasites, e.g. Diplostomum …