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Articles 31 - 45 of 45

Full-Text Articles in Hydrology

Lidar Assessment Of Sediment Transport Related To The Removal Of The Marmot Dam, Sandy River, Oregon, Carl Daniel Matzek Jan 2013

Lidar Assessment Of Sediment Transport Related To The Removal Of The Marmot Dam, Sandy River, Oregon, Carl Daniel Matzek

All Master's Theses

Four Aerial LiDAR survey were used to examine the impacts of the 2007 removal of the Marmot Dam on the Sandy River, Oregon. Geomorphic Change Detection software was used to answer three project goals: 1) to investigate how the dam removal affected sediment distribution in the lower reach of the river, several km downstream of the dam, 2) to determine whether the pulse of sediment from the dam removal created a detectable, successive downstream accumulation of sediment through time, and 3) to assess the effect of natural high-flow events on the sediment distribution related to the dam removal. The results …

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Geochemical Constraints On Groundwater Recharge In The Royal Slope Area, Grant County, Washington, Zoe Danielle Weis Dec 2012

Geochemical Constraints On Groundwater Recharge In The Royal Slope Area, Grant County, Washington, Zoe Danielle Weis

All Master's Theses

Groundwater, the primary source for potable water in the Columbia Plateau, has experienced significant declines over the past 25 years. Groundwater geochemistry and multivariable statistics were employed to identify and characterize the hydrofacies present, constrain recharge sources, and assess mixing of groundwater in the Royal Slope area of the Columbia Plateau. Geochemical analyses for major ions, stable isotopes, and radiogenic isotopes (14C and tritium) for age dating were performed on groundwater samples collected in 2010 from 24 wells in the study area. The results confirmed that the groundwater evolution in the study area follows the typical Columbia River Basalt Group …

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Holocene Arroyo Cut And Fills Cycles, South-Central Washington, Matthew Ian Durkee Jan 2012

Holocene Arroyo Cut And Fills Cycles, South-Central Washington, Matthew Ian Durkee

All Master's Theses

Ephemeral streams have cut deeply incised arroyos into alluvial and eolian sediments in many of the watersheds within the Yakima Training Center (YTC) military reservation, south-central Washington. The most recent channel incision episode along Selah Creek is primarily attributed to multiple failures of an irrigation reservoir dam during the winters of 1909 and 1910. The modern arroyo exposed evidence of at least one previous episode of arroyo incision to a depth of ~4 m that occurred just prior to 1530- 1340 cal yr BP. Filling of this paleo-arroyo with fine to coarse grained sand ceased between 650-103 cal yr BP. …

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Geochemical Analysis Of Surface And Ground Waters Around Cle Elum, Wa; Implications For The Proposed Exempt Well Moratorium, David Hickey, Ryan Opitz, Carey A. Gazis Sep 2010

Geochemical Analysis Of Surface And Ground Waters Around Cle Elum, Wa; Implications For The Proposed Exempt Well Moratorium, David Hickey, Ryan Opitz, Carey A. Gazis

Student Published Works

The Yakima River drainage is one of the most heavily irrigated regions in the state, and water use has been much contested and litigated. Due to this water demand and the increase in drilling of domestic wells, a moratorium on exempt well drilling was proposed in 2007. In this study geochemical data is used to evaluate the surface-groundwater interaction in the area around Cle Elum, WA. The hydrogeology of this area is poorly understood due to the complex stratigraphy where the valley floor meets the bedrock of the Cascade Range. It is important to understand the relationship between groundwater and …

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Lacustrine Sediment Record Of Multiple Quaternary Lava Dams On The Owyhee River, Southeastern Oregon, Caitlin Anne Orem Jan 2010

Lacustrine Sediment Record Of Multiple Quaternary Lava Dams On The Owyhee River, Southeastern Oregon, Caitlin Anne Orem

All Master's Theses

Multiple lava dams and correlating lakes impacted the Quaternary evolution of the Owyhee River. Sediment records from lava-dammed lakes were investigated to understand effects of the West Crater (WC) lava dam (~70 ka), the Saddle Butte 2 lava dam (~144 ka), and the Bogus Rim lava dam (~1.9 Ma). Evidence from the WC lava dam and related features indicates that dam duration consisted of five stages (1) dam and lake formation at ~70 ka; (2) dam overflow and lake sedimentation from ~70–46 ka; (3) removal of lava dam and lake termination from ~46 ka to at least 36 ka; (4) …

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Fluid Budget Of Metasedimentary Rocks From A Tertiary Accretionary Prism And Connections To Seismicity, Olympic Peninsula, Northwest Washington State, Holly Makena Macfadden Rotman Jan 2010

Fluid Budget Of Metasedimentary Rocks From A Tertiary Accretionary Prism And Connections To Seismicity, Olympic Peninsula, Northwest Washington State, Holly Makena Macfadden Rotman

All Master's Theses

Metamorphic dehydration reactions and fluid movement in accretionary prisms have been linked to the recently discovered episodic tremor and slip (ETS) earthquake events along subduction zones, but prior studies lack the detail to effectively test the hypothesis that fluid flow triggers ETS events. I conducted field work along a 52.5 km transect on the Olympic Peninsula metasedimentary accretionary prism of the Cascadia subduction zone, and collected approximately 40 representative samples of sandstone and mudrock that were buried to 6–15 km. This depth range intersects the 10–50 km depth range of ETS events. My objectives are to quantify the water flow …

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Comparison Of Landslides And Their Related Outburst Flood Deposits, Owyhee River, Southeastern Oregon, Shannon Marian Othus Jan 2008

Comparison Of Landslides And Their Related Outburst Flood Deposits, Owyhee River, Southeastern Oregon, Shannon Marian Othus

All Master's Theses

Numerous landslides have entered the Owyhee River canyon north of Rome, Oregon. As the river flows through different lithologic units, the style of mass wasting changes from large slump events and small rock falls to large earthflows. The change in mechanism of mass wasting from upstream to downstream seems to depend on several factors: (1) the ratio of the basalt cap to the exposed underlying sediments, (2) the composition of underlying sediments, (3) the canyon geometry, and (4) the extent and frequency of mass wasting. All three mechanisms of mass wasting have the ability to block the river channel and …

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Paleoflood Record Reconstruction At An Archaeological Site On The Owyhee River, Southeastern Oregon, Stephanie Louise Vandal Jan 2007

Paleoflood Record Reconstruction At An Archaeological Site On The Owyhee River, Southeastern Oregon, Stephanie Louise Vandal

All Master's Theses

The magnitude and frequency of late Holocene floods on the Owyhee River in southeastern Oregon were reconstructed from fine-grained flood deposits at three sites in the river canyon. The stratigraphy at the Birch Creek study site (BCSS) preserves a record of seven to nine large floods from the last 2800 years. Two additional study sites, the Iron Gate and Waterwheel, within a 5-km reach of the BCSS, showed 18-26 floods from the late Holocene to 1993 A.D. and 17-22 floods from 8600 B.P. to 1993 A.D., respectively. Hydrologic Engineering Center-River Analysis System modeling of the 1993 flood and several paleofloods …

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Fluvial Response To Intra-Canyon Lava Flows, Owyhee River, Southeastern Oregon, Cooper Cooke Brossy Jan 2006

Fluvial Response To Intra-Canyon Lava Flows, Owyhee River, Southeastern Oregon, Cooper Cooke Brossy

All Master's Theses

At least six lava flows have entered the Owyhee River Canyon north of Rome, Oregon, since the Pliocene and directly impacted the Owyhee River. The effects on the river of the two youngest lava flows, the West Crater (60–80 ka) and Saddle Butte (> 60–90 ka), are readily apparent. These two lava flows entered a paleo-Owyhee Canyon several kilometers wide via three different tributary drainages. The flows dammed the Owyhee River, created lakes, and effectively confined the river to the opposite side of the valley from the flows’ entrance. Lava from these flows filled a paleo-Owyhee Canyon to depths of …

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The Role Of Geomorphic Features And Hydrologic Processes On Sediment Clusters In Gravel-Bed Rivers, Washington: A Field-Based Approach, Ross Richard Hendrick Jan 2005

The Role Of Geomorphic Features And Hydrologic Processes On Sediment Clusters In Gravel-Bed Rivers, Washington: A Field-Based Approach, Ross Richard Hendrick

All Master's Theses

This project investigated the movement and evolution of sediment clusters after four separate flood events at two geomorphically different sites along the Entiat River, Washington. Clusters are defined as an obstacle or anchor clast(s) that impede the progress of two or more sediment particles, and are believed to be an important characteristic of the variable bed topography of gravel-bed rivers. Detailed field descriptions and digital photographs of clusters were used to determine the characteristics of clusters at chosen locations on gravel bars regularly covered by high flow events. Data were collected during low-flow conditions, and clusters were re- examined and …

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A Large Late Pleistocene Outburst Flood From Pluvial Lakes Alvord And Coyote Into The Owyhee River, Oregon, Deron Torrey Carter Jan 2004

A Large Late Pleistocene Outburst Flood From Pluvial Lakes Alvord And Coyote Into The Owyhee River, Oregon, Deron Torrey Carter

All Master's Theses

A large late-Pleistocene flood traveled into the Owyhee River as a result of a rise and subsequent outburst from pluvial Lake Alvord in southeastern Oregon. Lake Alvord breached Big Sand Gap after reaching an elevation of 1292 m, releasing 11.3 km3 into the adjacent Coyote Basin before stabilizing at an elevation of about 1280 m. Overflow then spilled out of the Coyote Basin through two outlets at 1278 m and into the Crooked Creek drainage of the Owyhee River. The flood created a series of deeply incised canyons, scabland topography and deposited numerous boulder bars containing imbricated clasts up to …

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Holocene Paleoflood Hydrology Of The Lower Deschutes River, Oregon, Kurt J. Hosman, Lisa L. Ely, Jim E. O'Connor Jan 2003

Holocene Paleoflood Hydrology Of The Lower Deschutes River, Oregon, Kurt J. Hosman, Lisa L. Ely, Jim E. O'Connor

Student Published Works

Flood deposits at four sites along the lower Deschutes River, Oregon, were analyzed to determine magnitude and frequency of late Holocene flooding. Deposit stratigraphy was combined with hydraulic modeling at two sites to determine ranges of likely discharges for individual deposits. Combining these results with gaged flood data provides improved flood frequency estimates at the Axford site. The completeness and age spans of preserved flood chronologies differed among the four sites, but results were consistent for the largest floods of the last 5000 years. Single floods exceeded 2860-3800 mVs -4600 cal yr BP, 1060-1810 mVs -1300 cal yr BP, and …

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1998 Debris Flows Near The Yakima River, Kittitas County, Washington—Some Geomorphic Implications, Martin R. Kaatz Dec 2001

1998 Debris Flows Near The Yakima River, Kittitas County, Washington—Some Geomorphic Implications, Martin R. Kaatz

Geography Faculty Scholarship

The geomorphic consequences of debris flows and their asso- ciated storms have been documented in many parts of the United States. Few, if any, have been studied and documented in central Washington. The importance of recurrent debris flows in sculpting Washington landscapes has not been generally recognized compared to other processes. Arid and semi-arid regions are particularly vulnerable to debris flows triggered by sudden intense thunderstorms. Most such areas are sparsely populated and eyewitnesses are uncommon. By contrast, semi-arid central Washington is relatively well popu- lated, and there are likely to be people who have observed the storms. Such witnesses …

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A Small Look At The Big Picture: Linking Geopotential Height Anomalies To Paleofloods On The Snake River, Idaho And Oregon, Gwendolyn Bernitha Rhodes Jan 2001

A Small Look At The Big Picture: Linking Geopotential Height Anomalies To Paleofloods On The Snake River, Idaho And Oregon, Gwendolyn Bernitha Rhodes

All Master's Theses

A combined paleoflood and flood hydroclimatology study on the Snake River in Idaho and Oregon suggests a link between floods and patters of geopotential height anomalies over the North Pacific Ocean. Examination of the paleoflood record in two 4-m (12 ft) tall terraces along the Hells Canyon reach of the Snake River in Idaho and Oregon shows evidence of at least twenty-two late-Holocene extreme floods that occurred approximately 5,000 years. The ages of paleoflood deposits at these sites fall into two time periods, from 5130 ± 40 to 1960 ± 40 yr BP and from 320 ± 40 yr BP …

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Factors Contributing To Landslide Activity In The Winter Of 1995-96, Clearwater County Near Orofino, Idaho, Aaron Paul Wisher Jan 1998

Factors Contributing To Landslide Activity In The Winter Of 1995-96, Clearwater County Near Orofino, Idaho, Aaron Paul Wisher

All Master's Theses

Significant landslide activity occurred in Clearwater County, Idaho in November 1995 and February-May 1996. Mass wasting in the study area consisted of debris slides and earthflows triggered by rain-on-snow weather events. It is important to determine what factors contribute to landsliding in this area so that reliable prediction can reduce the destruction of property. Through field observation and aerial photo analysis, the factors contributing to landslides were studied. The objectives included a study of the geology, soils, aspect, slope gradient, vegetation and slope position related to each slide. Also a goal was to assess the role of land use in …

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