Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Geology Commons™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

2017

Discipline
Institution
Keyword
Publication
Publication Type
File Type

Articles 421 - 437 of 437

Full-Text Articles in Geology

Climate Change Adaptation For Southern California Groundwater Managers: A Case Study Of The Six Basins Aquifer, Frank Lyles Jan 2017

Climate Change Adaptation For Southern California Groundwater Managers: A Case Study Of The Six Basins Aquifer, Frank Lyles

Pomona Senior Theses

Groundwater has been very important to the economic development of Southern California, and will continue to be a crucial resource in the 21st century. However, Climate Change threatens to disrupt many of the physical and economic processes that control the flow of water in and out of aquifers. One groundwater manager, the Six Basins Watermaster in eastern Los Angeles and western San Bernardino Counties, has developed a long-term planning document called the Strategic Plan that mostly fails to address the implications of Climate Change, especially for local water supplies. This thesis presents an in-depth analysis of the Six Basin Watermaster’s …

Go to article

Paleodrainage Insights Into The Fluvial And Glacial History Of The Western Chukchi Margin, Arctic Alaska, Brittany A. Stockmaster Jan 2017

Paleodrainage Insights Into The Fluvial And Glacial History Of The Western Chukchi Margin, Arctic Alaska, Brittany A. Stockmaster

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Chirp subbottom data collected from the Chukchi shelf, offshore of northwest Alaska, revealed extensive paleodrainage networks that incised the margin during sea level lowstands. These features are cut into folded Cretaceous bedrock strata and represent multiple sea level cycles. Several large incised valleys, 10s of km wide and up to 54 m deep, as well as numerous smaller, individual channels were identified. Sources of fluvial input include several, smaller rivers on the northwest Alaskan coast, such as the Kokolik, Kuk, Kukpowruk, and the Utukok Rivers. Correlation of sediment infill patterns provided insight to paleochannels and paleovalleys as well as outlined …

Go to article

Layered Crustal And Mantle Structure And Anisotropy Beneath The Afar Depression And Malawi Rift Zone, Cory Alexander Reed Jan 2017

Layered Crustal And Mantle Structure And Anisotropy Beneath The Afar Depression And Malawi Rift Zone, Cory Alexander Reed

Doctoral Dissertations

"Although a wealth of geophysical data sets have been acquired within the vicinity of continental rift zones, the mechanisms responsible for the breakup of stable continental lithosphere are ambiguous. Eastern Africa is host to the largest contemporary rift zone on Earth, and is thus the most prominent site with which to investigate the processes which govern the rupture of continental lithosphere. The studies herein represent teleseismic analyses of the velocity and thermomechanical structure of the crust and mantle beneath the Afar Depression and Malawi Rift Zone (MRZ) of the East African Rift System. Within the Afar Depression, the first densely-spaced …

Go to article

Receiver Function Imaging Of Mantle Transition Zone Discontinuities Beneath Alaska, Haider Hassan Faraj Dahm Jan 2017

Receiver Function Imaging Of Mantle Transition Zone Discontinuities Beneath Alaska, Haider Hassan Faraj Dahm

Doctoral Dissertations

"Subduction of tectonic plates is one of the most important tectonic processes, yet many aspects of subduction zone geodynamics remain unsolved and poorly understood, such as the depth extent of the subducted slab and its geometry. The Alaska subduction zone, which is associated with the subduction of the Pacific Plate beneath the North America plate, has a complex tectonic setting and carries a series of subduction episodes, and represents an excellent target to study such plate tectonic processes. Previous seismological studies in Alaska have proposed different depth estimations and geometry for the subducted slab. The Mantle transition zone discontinuities of …

Go to article

Phytoforensics: Applications In Vapor Intrusion Assessment, Jordan Lee Wilson Jan 2017

Phytoforensics: Applications In Vapor Intrusion Assessment, Jordan Lee Wilson

Doctoral Dissertations

"Vapor intrusion (VI) occurs when contaminants in the vapor phase migrate in the shallow subsurface and enter buildings through cracks, seams, and gaps and has been recognized as a serious human-health threat as occupants are exposed to potentially harmful concentrations over long periods of time. The VI pathway has recently (2017) been identified as a primary exposure pathway and implemented into the Hazard Ranking System for inclusion on the Nation Priorities List. However, assessing VI and human exposure is not simple and current methods are time-, cost-, and labor-intensive; intrusive; and temporally and spatially variability. Trees are ideal candidates for …

Go to article

Depositional Systems, Sequence Architecture, And Controlling Factors Of An Eocene Stratigraphic Sequence At Minfeng Steep Margin Of Dongying Depression, Eastern China, Zhixin Li Jan 2017

Depositional Systems, Sequence Architecture, And Controlling Factors Of An Eocene Stratigraphic Sequence At Minfeng Steep Margin Of Dongying Depression, Eastern China, Zhixin Li

Doctoral Dissertations

“This study is carried out in Minfeng area, the steep margin of Dongying half graben, eastern China, by integrating 3-D seismic, wireline log, and core data, and aims to interpret the depositional systems, reconstruct sequence stratigraphic architecture, and understand the controlling processes and factors at the steep margin of a rift basin. In the first part of this work, an Eocene stratigraphic sequence is divided into three systems tracts, corresponding to different stages of lake evolution, as early expansion (EEST), late expansion-early contraction (LEECST), and late contraction (LCST). EEST is the thickest and diagnostic by the best-developed marginal and basinal …

Go to article

Surface Offset And Slip Rates For The Winter Rim Fault System In The Summer Lake Basin, Oregon, Jennifer Hall Jan 2017

Surface Offset And Slip Rates For The Winter Rim Fault System In The Summer Lake Basin, Oregon, Jennifer Hall

All Master's Theses

The 66-km-long Winter Rim Fault (WRF) system, located in the northwestern Basin and Range Province, encompasses several Holocene fault scarps within the Summer Lake basin that include the WRF system, a normal fault divided into three segments: Slide Mountain (SMF), Winter Ridge, and Ana River (ARF), and the newly-mapped Thousand Springs fault (TSF). The current least-compressive stress field is oriented ~264° (Crider, 2001). The USGS estimates a slip rate of 0.43 mm/yr, earthquake magnitudes of 6.5-7.19, and recurrence interval of 3.1 ka (Crone et al., 2009). However, these estimates are only based upon ARF and the unfavorably slip-oriented SMF. With …

Go to article

Glacial To Holocene Changes In Eastern Equatorial Pacific Deep-Water Chemistry And Circulation, Natalie E. Umling Jan 2017

Glacial To Holocene Changes In Eastern Equatorial Pacific Deep-Water Chemistry And Circulation, Natalie E. Umling

Theses and Dissertations

It has been hypothesized that the oceans store CO2 during glacial periods and then release it to the atmosphere, causing the onset of warm interglacial periods (Sigman and Boyle, 2000). Documenting this past transfer of CO2 between the oceans and atmosphere is of utmost importance for better understanding the impact that anthropogenic CO2 has and will have on Earth’s climate. The last deglaciation is a good analogue to modern increases in CO2 and temperature and is recent enough to be studied using radiocarbon. This period provides important insights into the nature of climate changes during the transition from glacial to …

Go to article

Subsurface Transport In A North Inlet, South Carolina Salt Marsh: A Porewater Salinity Model, Carolyn Ryan Jan 2017

Subsurface Transport In A North Inlet, South Carolina Salt Marsh: A Porewater Salinity Model, Carolyn Ryan

Theses and Dissertations

Subsurface transport in coastal salt marshes influences the nutrient budget of coastal environments, but is not fully understood. To expand our understanding of this transport, a simple numerical model was developed. The model simulated vertical transport of salt through the surficial muds at a North Inlet marsh on the coastal plain of South Carolina. To improve the model, a tracer study was utilized to calculate the average velocity of groundwater flow through the system. The model was compared with porewater salinity measured using tension samplers and passive diffusion samplers. Each method produced different, uncorrelated results. However, accounting for macro-pores in …

Go to article

Serpentinization And Synthesis: Searching For Abiotic And Biotic Non-Volatile Organic Molecules In The Subsurface Of The Atlantis Massif, Katherine A. Hickok Jan 2017

Serpentinization And Synthesis: Searching For Abiotic And Biotic Non-Volatile Organic Molecules In The Subsurface Of The Atlantis Massif, Katherine A. Hickok

Theses and Dissertations

High concentrations of hydrogen created during serpentinization can promote the formation of abiotic organic carbon molecules such as methane, formate, and short chain hydrocarbons and, in laboratory experiments, larger molecules containing up to 32 carbon atoms. Subsurface archaeal and bacterial communities can use these reduced compounds for metabolic energy. International Ocean Discovery Project Expedition 357 drilled 17 boreholes into the Atlantis Massif with the goals of investigating carbon cycling and the presence of life in a zone of active serpentinization. The expedition recovered multiple lithologies including gabbros, basalts, carbonate sands, and serpentinites. A subset of contrasting lithologies were analyzed for …

Go to article

The Summerville Formation: Evidence For A Sub-Horizontal Stratigraphic Sequence Below The Post-Rift Unconformity In The Middleton Place Summerville Seismic Zone, Joseph Edward Getz Jan 2017

The Summerville Formation: Evidence For A Sub-Horizontal Stratigraphic Sequence Below The Post-Rift Unconformity In The Middleton Place Summerville Seismic Zone, Joseph Edward Getz

Theses and Dissertations

The Middleton Place Summerville Seismic Zone (MPSSZ) near Summerville, South Carolina was the site of renewed extensive investigation, beginning in the 1970’s, for the source of the 1886 Charleston earthquake. Reactivation of faults associated with a putative fault-bounded Triassic rift basin through analysis of seismic reflection, seismic refraction, and well data has since become the favored interpretation for the source of MPSSZ seismicity. Critical to this interpretation is the association of continental redbed sedimentary rocks in Triassic basins throughout the North American Atlantic margin. Reanalysis of 18 seismic reflection profiles and 25 seismic refraction profiles within the MPSSZ suggests that …

Go to article

Archived Rock Samples From Jane Selverstone's Research Collection, Jane Selverstone Jan 2017

Archived Rock Samples From Jane Selverstone's Research Collection, Jane Selverstone

Earth and Planetary Sciences Faculty and Staff Publications

This Excel spreadsheet lists all of the rock samples from Jane Selverstone's research collection that have been archived into the Earth and Planetary Sciences Collections at the University of New Mexico. All samples are listed by original (published) sample number and by an affiliated International GeoSample Number. Samples are grouped by research project, and doi information is given for all publications resulting from work on each project. Rock samples include various combinations of hand specimens, powders, thin sections, and billets from which thin sections were prepared. Information is included to identify the drawers within which each sample can be found …

Go to article

Apatite Fission Track Dating Of Mesozoic Siliciclastic Rocks From Khorat Group In Phu Phan Mountain Range, Northeastern Thailand, Apivut Veeravinantanakul Jan 2017

Apatite Fission Track Dating Of Mesozoic Siliciclastic Rocks From Khorat Group In Phu Phan Mountain Range, Northeastern Thailand, Apivut Veeravinantanakul

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Field and remote-sensing investigations have been performed for mapping the Mesozoic siliciclastic rocks of the Phu Phan Ranges (PPR), northeastern Thailand. Stratigraphically, the PPR study area has been remapped and is occupied by 5 distinct successive formations, including the Phu Kradung Formation with the average thickness of 93 m, the Phra Wihan Formation with the average thickness of 64 m, the Sao Khua Formation with the average thickness of 63 m, the Phu Phan with the average thickness of 84 m, and the Khok Kruat with the average thickness of 49 m. Results on field and remote sensing analyses reveal …

Go to article

Ancient And Modern Fluvial Geomorphology Of Meandering System From Upstream Area Of The Mun River, Changwat Nakhon Ratchasima, Parisa Nimnate Jan 2017

Ancient And Modern Fluvial Geomorphology Of Meandering System From Upstream Area Of The Mun River, Changwat Nakhon Ratchasima, Parisa Nimnate

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

At the southwestern rim of the Khorat Plateau, the upstream part of the Mun River flows through clastic sedimentary rocks leading to a massive amount of sand was transported via the Mun River to downstream. The Mun Bon Dam was constructed in 1986, and it would be effect more or less on river system. Therefore, the aim of this thesis is to analyze the geomorphological changes before and after the Mun Bon Dam construction. Moreover, the sedimentary facies from geological and shallow geophysical surveys were characterized. The geomorphic parameters was analyzed from series of aerial-photo and satellite image which were …

Go to article

Resistivity Profiles Of Perth Soil In Australia In Leak-Detection Test, Lopa M. Pandey, Sanjay K. Shukla, Daryoush Habibi Jan 2017

Resistivity Profiles Of Perth Soil In Australia In Leak-Detection Test, Lopa M. Pandey, Sanjay K. Shukla, Daryoush Habibi

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

The use of a suitable leak-detection system for the prevention and mitigation of pollution due to lining system failures is integral to the proper management of landfill facilities. This paper briefly summarises various methods of leak detection that are currently being practised. The details of a newly developed leak-detection technique are also presented. The tests were conducted to evaluate the performance of the new technique by use of controlled leakage. The resulting resistivity profiles for Perth soil in Australia were obtained at 10 min. This method is found to be effective in detecting and locating liner leakage issues within 30 …

Go to article

Rock Magnetic Investigation Of The Michigan Basin Soils And Sediments Overlying The Oil-Bearing Silurian Pinnacle Reefs, Jake Tresnak Jan 2017

Rock Magnetic Investigation Of The Michigan Basin Soils And Sediments Overlying The Oil-Bearing Silurian Pinnacle Reefs, Jake Tresnak

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

A relationship between the hydrocarbon migration and magnetic properties of near-surface sediments was investigated from several hundreds of samples collected over the hydrocarbon-bearing Silurian pinnacle reef belt of the Michigan Basin. The collected samples were investigated using several rock magnetic methods and optical microscopy. The investigation has not revealed a straightforward relationship between the magnetic susceptibility and hydrocarbon reservoirs within the reef belt; both anomalously high and low susceptibility values were observed. The elevated values are associated with newly formed magnetite in the form of spheroidal grains produced by hydrocarbon-related diagenesis while the extremely low susceptibilities may reflect dissolution of …

Go to article

Using Lidar To Map The Geology And Morphology Of Alluvial Fans: Salton Sea Area, California, Eric Alexander Macleod Jan 2017

Using Lidar To Map The Geology And Morphology Of Alluvial Fans: Salton Sea Area, California, Eric Alexander Macleod

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

The main result of this study has been to show that detailed maps of the geology and morphology of alluvial fans can be generated from high spatial resolution (1-meter) DEM’s (Digital Elevation Models) obtained from LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) data. DEMs with spatial resolutions of 1-meter, 10-meters and 30-meters were all examined but it was determined that only the 1-meter LiDAR data had sufficient spatial resolution to produce satisfactory maps of the geology and morphology. A case study on an alluvial fan in the Santa Rosa mountains northeast of the Salton Sea (California) showed that 1-meter spatial resolution LiDAR …

Go to article

First Prev