Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
-
- Hydrology (17)
- Environmental Sciences (8)
- Geomorphology (7)
- Geochemistry (5)
- Arts and Humanities (4)
-
- Social and Behavioral Sciences (4)
- Mormon Studies (3)
- Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology (3)
- Religion (3)
- Sedimentology (3)
- Stratigraphy (3)
- Tectonics and Structure (3)
- Environmental Health and Protection (2)
- Geography (2)
- Geophysics and Seismology (2)
- History (2)
- Life Sciences (2)
- Oceanography (2)
- Agriculture (1)
- Astrophysics and Astronomy (1)
- Biogeochemistry (1)
- Civil and Environmental Engineering (1)
- Engineering (1)
- Environmental Indicators and Impact Assessment (1)
- Geographic Information Sciences (1)
- Glaciology (1)
- Linguistics (1)
- Institution
- Keyword
-
- Geology (65)
- Utah (16)
- Groundwater (14)
- Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Earth Sciences, Geology (14)
- Stratigraphy (9)
-
- Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Earth Sciences, Geological Sciences (8)
- Tectonics (8)
- Foraminifera (7)
- Uinta Mountains (7)
- Entrada Sandstone (6)
- GIS (6)
- Geology--North Dakota; Geology (6)
- Geomorphology (6)
- Indonesia (6)
- Pleistocene (6)
- Seismic (6)
- Sequence stratigraphy (6)
- Stratigraphic--Pleistocene (6)
- Titan (6)
- Wyoming (6)
- Agriculture (5)
- Geochemistry (5)
- Mars (5)
- Paleoclimate (5)
- Reservoir characterization (5)
- Stratigraphic (5)
- Stratigraphic--Paleocene (5)
- Structure (5)
- Banda Arc (4)
- Basalt (4)
- Publication Year
Articles 91 - 120 of 626
Full-Text Articles in Geology
Evaluating The East Java Tsunami Hazard: What Can Newly-Discovered Imbricate Coastal Boulder Accumulations Near Pacitan And At Pantai Papuma, Indonesia Tell Us?, William Nile Meservy
Evaluating The East Java Tsunami Hazard: What Can Newly-Discovered Imbricate Coastal Boulder Accumulations Near Pacitan And At Pantai Papuma, Indonesia Tell Us?, William Nile Meservy
Theses and Dissertations
Our paleotsunami surveys of the southern Java coast led to the discovery of five imbricate coastal boulder fields near Pacitan, Indonesia that may date to the mid-to-late 19th century or prior and two similar fields at Pantai Papuma and Pantai Pasir Putih that were tsunami-emplaced during the 1994 7.9 Mw event in East Java. Estimated ages for the fields near Pacitan are based on historical records and radiocarbon analyses of coral boulders. The largest imbricated boulders in fields near Pacitan and in East Java are similar in size (approximately 3 m^3) and are primarily composed of platy beachrock dislodged from …
Characterizing The Fate And Mobility Of Phosphorus In Utah Lake Sediments, Matthew Chambers Randall
Characterizing The Fate And Mobility Of Phosphorus In Utah Lake Sediments, Matthew Chambers Randall
Theses and Dissertations
An increasing number of lakes worldwide are impacted by eutrophication and harmful algal blooms due to nutrient inputs. Utah Lake is a unique eutrophic freshwater lake that is naturally shallow, turbid, and alkaline with high dissolved oxygen levels. Recently, the Utah Division of Water Quality has proposed a new limitation of phosphorus (P) loading to Utah Lake from wastewater treatment plants in an effort to mitigate eutrophication. However, reducing external P loads may not lead to immediate improvements in water quality due to the legacy pool of nutrients in lake sediments. The purpose of this study was to characterize the …
Characterizing The Low Net-To-Gross, Fluviodeltaic Dry Hollow Member Of The Frontier Formation, Western Green River Basin, Wyoming, Scott Romney Meek
Characterizing The Low Net-To-Gross, Fluviodeltaic Dry Hollow Member Of The Frontier Formation, Western Green River Basin, Wyoming, Scott Romney Meek
Theses and Dissertations
The Frontier Formation in the Green River Basin of southwestern Wyoming consists of Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian-Turonian) marine and non-marine sandstones, siltstones, mudstones and coals deposited on the western margin of the Cretaceous Interior Seaway. Tight gas reservoirs exist in subsurface fluviodeltaic sandstones in the upper Frontier Formation (Dry Hollow Member) on the north-south trending Moxa Arch within the basin. These strata crop out in hogback ridges of the Utah-Idaho-Wyoming Thrust Belt approximately 40 km west of the crest of the Moxa Arch. Detailed, quantitative outcrop descriptions were constructed using emerging photogrammetric techniques along with field observations and measured sections at …
Geologic Mapping Of The Vernal Nw Quadrangle, Uintah County, Ut, And Stratigraphic Relationships Of The Duchesne River Formation And Bishop Conglomerate, Casey Andrew Webb
Geologic Mapping Of The Vernal Nw Quadrangle, Uintah County, Ut, And Stratigraphic Relationships Of The Duchesne River Formation And Bishop Conglomerate, Casey Andrew Webb
Theses and Dissertations
Detailed mapping (1:24,000), measured sections, and clast counts in conglomerates of the Duchesne River Formation and Bishop Conglomerate in the Vernal NW quadrangle in northeastern Utah reveal the middle Cenozoic stratigraphic geometry, the uplift and unroofing history of the eastern Uinta Mountains, and give evidence for the pulsed termination of Laramide uplift. The Unita Mountains are an EW-trending reverse fault bounded and basement-cored, Laramide uplift. The oldest unit of the Duchesne River Formation, the Eocene Brennan Basin Member, contains 80-90% Paleozoic clasts and <20% Precambrian clasts. Proximal to the Uinta uplift the conglomerates of this member are dominated by Paleozoic Madison Limestone clasts (70-90% of all clasts). Farther out into the basin, Paleozoic clasts still dominate in Brennan Basin Member conglomerates, but chert clasts are more abundant (up to 43%) showing the efficiency of erosion of the carbonate clasts over a short distance (~5 km). Conglomerates in the progressively younger Dry Gulch Creek, Lapoint, and Starr Flat members show a significant upward increase in Precambrian clasts with 34-73% Uinta Mountain Group and 8-63% Madison Limestone. Duchesne River Formation has a significant increase in coarse-grained deposits from the southern parts of the quadrangle (20-50% coarse) to the northern parts (75% coarse) nearer the Uinta uplift. The lower part of the Duchesne River Formation exhibits a fining upward sequence representing a tectonic lull. Clast count patterns show that pebbly channel deposits in the south maintain similar compositions to their alluvial fan counterparts. To the north, the fine-grained Lapoint and Dry Gulch Creek members of the Duchesne River Formation appear to pinch out completely. This can be explained by erosion of these fine-grained deposits or by lateral facies shifts before deposition of the next unit. Starr Flat Member conglomerates were deposited above Lapoint Member siltstones and represent southward progradation of alluvial fans away from the uplifting mountain front. Similarities in composition and sedimentary structures have caused confusion surrounding the contact between the Starr Flat Member and the overlying Bishop Conglomerate. Within the Vernal NW quadrangle, we interpret this contact as an angular unconformity (the Gilbert Peak Erosion Surface) developed on the uppermost tilted red siltstone of the Starr Flat Member sometime after 37.9 Ma. Stratigraphic and structural relationships reveal important details about the development of a Laramide mountain range: 1) sequential unroofing sequences in the Duchesne River Formation, 2) progradation of alluvial fans to form the Starr Flat Member, 3) and the unconformable nature of the Gilbert Peak Erosion Surface lead to the conclusion that there were at least 3 distinct episodes of uplift during the deposition of these formations. The last uplift episode upwarped the Starr Flat Member constraining the termination of Laramide uplift in the Uinta Mountains to be after deposition of the Starr Flat Member and prior to deposition of the horizontal Bishop Conglomerate starting at about 34 Ma. This, combined with 40Ar/39Ar ages of 39.4 Ma from the Dry Gulch Creek and Lapoint member, show …
Lithofacies And Sequence Architecture Of The Lower Desert Creek Sequence, Middle Pennsylvanian, Aneth, Utah, Chanse James Rinderknecht
Lithofacies And Sequence Architecture Of The Lower Desert Creek Sequence, Middle Pennsylvanian, Aneth, Utah, Chanse James Rinderknecht
Theses and Dissertations
Middle Pennsylvanian (Desmoinesian) strata of the Lower Desert Creek (LDC) sequence within the sub-surface Greater Aneth Field (GAF) reflect a hierarchy of 4th and 5th order carbonate-dominated cycles. The Lower Desert Creek sequence, along the studied transect are composed of eight carbonate facies deposited on an east-facing shelf. There is a lateral transition from open marine algal buildup from the southeast (cores R-19, Q-16, O-16, and J-15) to a more restricted lagoonal environment to the northwest (core K-430 and E-313). The Lower Desert Creek sequence within the GAF contains three main parasequence sets: a basal, relatively deep-water unit (LDC 1), …
Sedimentology And Taphonomy Of The Abydosaurus Mcintoshi Quarry, (Naturita Formation, Early Cretaceous, Latest Albian), Dinosaur National Monument, Utah, Aaron Daniel Holmes
Sedimentology And Taphonomy Of The Abydosaurus Mcintoshi Quarry, (Naturita Formation, Early Cretaceous, Latest Albian), Dinosaur National Monument, Utah, Aaron Daniel Holmes
Theses and Dissertations
The holotypic locality of the brachiosaurid titanosauriform sauropod, Abydosaurus mcintoshi, is quarry DNM-16, located in Dinosaur National Monument. The bones are preserved near the base of a heterolithic, trough cross stratified to planar bedded sandstone channel complex. The trough cross to planar bedded sandstones mark times of variable flow with times of high flow velocity based on bones whose upper surfaces were eroded before final burial. The abundance of mud with the dominant medium to fine sand, and poorly confined sandstone channels indicate the bones were transported and buried in medial to distal intermittent flows of a distributive fluvial …
Formation Of Rapakivi Feldspars In The Deer Isle Granite Complex, Coastal Maine: In Situ Lead Isotope And Trace Element Analysis, William Desmond Obrien
Formation Of Rapakivi Feldspars In The Deer Isle Granite Complex, Coastal Maine: In Situ Lead Isotope And Trace Element Analysis, William Desmond Obrien
Theses and Dissertations
Rapakivi and alkali feldspar phenocrysts from the Deer Isle Granite Complex were investigated using in situ trace element and Pb isotope geochemistry to see if magma mixing or isothermal decompression was responsible for their formation. Pb isotope and trace element profiles, along with CL imagery of quartz phenocrysts, indicate compositional changes in the magma chamber occurred during rapakivi and alkali feldspar growth. Repeated episodes of magma mixing/replenishment by relatively isotopically primitive and LREE enriched magmas (along with hybridized variations with the host magma) created localized disequilibration. Alkali feldspar phenocrysts proximal to these zones of thermal perturbation were first resorbed and …
Evaluating Relationships Between Rock Strength And Longitudinal Stream Profile Morphometry In The Southern Guadalupe Mountains, Texas, Samuel T. Schoenmann
Evaluating Relationships Between Rock Strength And Longitudinal Stream Profile Morphometry In The Southern Guadalupe Mountains, Texas, Samuel T. Schoenmann
Theses and Dissertations
Landscapes record information about the tectonic, climatic, and lithologic environments in which they form (Yang et al., 2015). When one or more of these environmental conditions change spatially or temporally, the landscape responds through erosion and thus, develops representative geomorphic features (Ritter et al., 2011). Since the nineteenth century, it has been clear that bedrock strength and erodibility play an important role in landscape evolution and geomorphology (Lifton et al., 2009). However, the nuances of variable erodibility remain poorly understood. The implications of this limited understanding lies within landscape evolution models. While these models show strong qualitative relationships between longitudinal …
Evaluating Fault-Line Escarpment Exposure In The Guadalupe Mountains Of West Texas And New Mexico, Audrey Anne Happel
Evaluating Fault-Line Escarpment Exposure In The Guadalupe Mountains Of West Texas And New Mexico, Audrey Anne Happel
Theses and Dissertations
The Permian stratigraphy of the Guadalupe Mountains is well-known due to the impeccable exposure of Permian strata along distinct escarpments that define the boundaries of the range. Even though the Permian strata have been closely examined to understand the associated petroleum reservoirs in the adjacent Delaware basin, little work has been done on the escarpments that expose the well-known rocks at the surface by way of tectonic and erosional processes. The development of escarpments are directly affected by multiple processes that create the landscape, and can be used as a tool to temporally and spatially constrain tectonic and erosional activity …
Creating A Scaling Relationship Between Peak Discharge And Drainage Area To Identify Tile Drainage Inputs Into An Agricultural Stream, Ryan Plath
Theses and Dissertations
Tile drains have been shown to contribute to high levels of nitrate in agricultural streams. Locations of tile drains on a watershed scale, however, are often unknown due to tile drains being located on many separate parcels of private property. This study evaluates the ability of a methodology, using scaling relationships between discharge and drainage area, for locating areas of large tile drainage contribution to Money Creek, in McLean County, Illinois. Additionally, this study examines the difference in scaling relationships and physical stream hydrology between tileflow and no-tileflow conditions. Eight stream sites were created in the watershed, that recorded stage …
Near-Salt Stratal Geometries And Implications For The Evolution Of The Onion Creek Diapir Moab, Ut, Ethan L. Cook
Near-Salt Stratal Geometries And Implications For The Evolution Of The Onion Creek Diapir Moab, Ut, Ethan L. Cook
Theses and Dissertations
The Onion Creek Diapir is one of many salt domes proximal to the Uncompahgre thrust front of the ancestral rockies in the Paradox Basin. It is comprised of Paradox Formation evaporites and large blocks of Honaker Trail Formation carbonates that were deformed by loading of Permian Cutler Formation progradational alluvial to fluvial fans. The history of salt movement in the Onion Creek Diapir is recorded in the near-salt strata. Large salt bodies and their adjacent mini-basins evolve conforming to a complex relationship between salt withdrawal, creating localized accommodation, and sediment deposition. Migrating mini-basin depo-centers, thinned and folded strata, and spatial …
Weathering Sequence Of Young Basalts: A Case Study From Kohala, Hawaii, Kimberly Francis Sowards
Weathering Sequence Of Young Basalts: A Case Study From Kohala, Hawaii, Kimberly Francis Sowards
Theses and Dissertations
Exposed weathering profiles of a series of Pololu lava flows in Kohala, Hawaii are ideal for investigating the sequence of reactions/reaction pathways of weathered basalt. Weathering reactions for saprolites show mineral sequences that include feldspar → halloysite ± gibbsite + solutes; clinopyroxene → hematite + minor halloysite + solutes; olivine → hematite + solutes; magnetite → hematite or other Fe-oxides/hydroxides. However, the presence of smectite in four samples suggests that smectite-group clays may form as short lived intermediates at the base of the weathering profile. Regionally, on Kohala, soils and saprolites are dominated by halloysite with small quantities of other …
Exploration Of The Northern Illinois Bedrock Surface, Matthew Rhoads
Exploration Of The Northern Illinois Bedrock Surface, Matthew Rhoads
Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this study is to deconstruct the relationship between the Leaf River anticline and the preglacial bedrock paleo topography at the eastern terminus of the Plum River Fault Zone in Ogle County, Illinois. A geostatistical approach was used to model the subsurface elevation of the bedrock paleo topography and the Leaf River anticline. The contour maps derived from the elevation models provided detailed depictions of the ancient bedrock landscape and subsurface structure in the study area. The Leaf River anticline is interpreted to be a component of hanging wall anticline at the terminus of the Plum River Fault …
Dynamics Of Nitrate, Phosphorus, And Suspended Sediment Transport In Two Agricultural Streams In Central Illinois, Luke W. Lampo
Dynamics Of Nitrate, Phosphorus, And Suspended Sediment Transport In Two Agricultural Streams In Central Illinois, Luke W. Lampo
Theses and Dissertations
Nutrients such as nitrate and phosphorus are necessary for life, but excessive amounts can be detrimental. Large amounts of nutrients entering bodies of water can lead to hypoxic zones such as the one in the Gulf of Mexico. Nutrients are also problematic in drinking water reservoirs, as high concentrations of nitrate in drinking water can cause health conditions such as blue baby syndrome and high phosphorus concentrations can lead to algal blooms. Suspended sediment leads to reservoir sedimentation, habitat degradation, and is able to transport particulate nutrients. High nutrient and sediment concentrations are a recurring problem in the drinking water …
A Quaternary Climate Record From A Uinta Mountains, Usa, Fen Core With Emphasis On Sediment Pyrolysis, Samuel Abraham Hillam
A Quaternary Climate Record From A Uinta Mountains, Usa, Fen Core With Emphasis On Sediment Pyrolysis, Samuel Abraham Hillam
Theses and Dissertations
The northern slopes of the Uinta Mountains, Utah were previously glaciated and contain many landslides. The Tokewanna Landslide is very large and lacks Quaternary faults. Presumably, increased moisture was the failure trigger. A Quaternary climate record from a cored fen, developed in a small basin between hummocks, was reconstructed using sediment pyrolysis, biomass balance, and magnetic susceptibility. Pyrolysis is used to define Hydrogen Indices that are used to delineate wetter and drier conditions based on the kerogen type - Type III being drier, and Type II wetter. The data were matched to a time/depth curve and compared to other Uinta …
Facies Analysis, Sedimentary Petrology, And Reservoir Characterization Of The Lower Triassic Sinbad Limestone Member Of The Moenkopi Formation, Central Utah: A Synthesis Of Surface And Subsurface Data, Kristopher Michael Powell
Facies Analysis, Sedimentary Petrology, And Reservoir Characterization Of The Lower Triassic Sinbad Limestone Member Of The Moenkopi Formation, Central Utah: A Synthesis Of Surface And Subsurface Data, Kristopher Michael Powell
Theses and Dissertations
Lower Triassic strata in the Wellington Flat and Tully cores reflect a lateral transition from shallow water strata (Wellington Flats core) to strata that indicate deposition on a relatively more distal, storm-dominated ramp (Tully core). The Sinbad Member, along with the upper part of the underlying Black Dragon Member and the lower part of the overlying Torrey Member (Moenkopi Formation), are composed of ten carbonate, siliciclastic and mixed carbonate/siliciclastic facies deposited on a west-facing ramp/shelf that reached maximum flooding during Smithian time. Individual beds and facies display a large degree of lateral homogeneity and regional persistence in the study area. …
Utilizing Structure-From-Motion Photogrammetry And Unmanned Aerial Vehicles To Characterize Variability In Fluvial Deposits From The Salt Wash Member Of The Morrison Formation, East-Central Utah, John Chesley
Theses and Dissertations
Modern fluvial systems are highly variable, often containing the entire spectrum of fluvial styles (e.g., braided to meandering). This variability is difficult to capture in ancient fluvial deposits due to limited 1- and 2-dimesional exposures, which provide only a snapshot of the depositional history at one location. As a result, researchers are forced to interpolate between exposures and develop regional scale models that often underestimate the complexity and variability seen in modern environments. Outcrops of the Upper Jurassic Salt Wash Member of the Morrison Formation in east-central Utah, USA provide a relatively unique opportunity to examine ancient fluvial sandstone bodies …
Carbon Sources To Microbes And Cryoconite On Alaskan Alpine Glacier Surfaces, Drake Mccrimmon
Carbon Sources To Microbes And Cryoconite On Alaskan Alpine Glacier Surfaces, Drake Mccrimmon
Theses and Dissertations
Cryoconite are depressions in the ice surface filled with diverse microorganisms and dark debris, which are reducing albedo and increasing glacier melt. In order to understand cryoconite carbon composition and carbon sources to microorganisms living on glacier surfaces, bulk organic carbon and microbial lipids from supraglacial cryoconite sediment within the ablation zones of Spencer, Matanuska, and Mendenhall glaciers in southern Alaska have been coupled with radiocarbon (14C) analyses. The microbial lipids analyzed in these studies, phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA), are components of microbial membranes, quickly degrade after cell death, and give a snapshot of the viable microbial community. PLFA structure …
Drivers Of Sediment Accumulation And Nutrient Burial In Coastal South Carolina Residential Stormwater Detention Ponds, William Schroer
Drivers Of Sediment Accumulation And Nutrient Burial In Coastal South Carolina Residential Stormwater Detention Ponds, William Schroer
Theses and Dissertations
Stormwater detention ponds are widely utilized as control structures to manage runoff waters during storm events. These sediments also represent significant sites of organic carbon and nutrient burial. Here, carbon (C) and nutrient sources and burial rates were determined in 14 residential stormwater detention ponds throughout coastal counties of South Carolina. Bulk sediment accumulation was directly correlated with catchment impervious surface coverage (R2 = 0.90) with sediment accumulation rates ranging from 0.06 to 0.50 cm y-1. These rates of sediment accumulation and subsequent pond volume loss are lower than expected indicating that required maintenance dredging schedules be reassessed. Strong, positive …
Tectonic Studies Of Southeastern North America: The Suwannee Basin, Brunswick Suture Zone, Osceola Arc, And Pangean Transcurrent Fault System, Susannah Katherine Boote
Tectonic Studies Of Southeastern North America: The Suwannee Basin, Brunswick Suture Zone, Osceola Arc, And Pangean Transcurrent Fault System, Susannah Katherine Boote
Theses and Dissertations
A series of exotic terranes with complex tectonostratigraphic relationships construct the North American margin and record information critical to understanding the evolution of the Appalachian orogen. The Coastal Plain cover remains a challenge in this region; however, synthesis of seismic reflection, seismic refraction, well, and aeromagnetic data allows for a substantially revised interpretation of the basement rocks and structures that comprise the pre-Mesozoic crust of southeastern North America. These data reveal: (1) a Neoproterozoic subduction zone and paired continental-margin arc are preserved in Gondwanan crust in southeastern North America, (2) the Gondwanan Suwannee Basin of Early to Mid-Paleozoic age is …
High Resolution Gravity, Helicopter Magnetic, And Electromagnetic Study, Haile Gold Mine, South Carolina, Saad Saud Alarifi
High Resolution Gravity, Helicopter Magnetic, And Electromagnetic Study, Haile Gold Mine, South Carolina, Saad Saud Alarifi
Theses and Dissertations
The goal of this research was to calibrate and test geophysical methods for the detection of disseminated sulfides in the area of the Haile Gold Mine, South Carolina. The work focused on the calibration of high resolution gravity, and helicopter electromagnetic (EM) and magnetic data provided by OceanaGold. While high resolution potential field data (gravity and magnetics) has not been proven to be effective at small scales in exploration for disseminated sulfides, there is a strong regional correlation between high amplitude gravity and magnetic anomalies and the most productive gold mines in the Carolina terrane. Helicopter EM methods have been …
Glacial To Holocene Changes In Eastern Equatorial Pacific Deep-Water Chemistry And Circulation, Natalie E. Umling
Glacial To Holocene Changes In Eastern Equatorial Pacific Deep-Water Chemistry And Circulation, Natalie E. Umling
Theses and Dissertations
It has been hypothesized that the oceans store CO2 during glacial periods and then release it to the atmosphere, causing the onset of warm interglacial periods (Sigman and Boyle, 2000). Documenting this past transfer of CO2 between the oceans and atmosphere is of utmost importance for better understanding the impact that anthropogenic CO2 has and will have on Earth’s climate. The last deglaciation is a good analogue to modern increases in CO2 and temperature and is recent enough to be studied using radiocarbon. This period provides important insights into the nature of climate changes during the transition from glacial to …
Subsurface Transport In A North Inlet, South Carolina Salt Marsh: A Porewater Salinity Model, Carolyn Ryan
Subsurface Transport In A North Inlet, South Carolina Salt Marsh: A Porewater Salinity Model, Carolyn Ryan
Theses and Dissertations
Subsurface transport in coastal salt marshes influences the nutrient budget of coastal environments, but is not fully understood. To expand our understanding of this transport, a simple numerical model was developed. The model simulated vertical transport of salt through the surficial muds at a North Inlet marsh on the coastal plain of South Carolina. To improve the model, a tracer study was utilized to calculate the average velocity of groundwater flow through the system. The model was compared with porewater salinity measured using tension samplers and passive diffusion samplers. Each method produced different, uncorrelated results. However, accounting for macro-pores in …
Serpentinization And Synthesis: Searching For Abiotic And Biotic Non-Volatile Organic Molecules In The Subsurface Of The Atlantis Massif, Katherine A. Hickok
Serpentinization And Synthesis: Searching For Abiotic And Biotic Non-Volatile Organic Molecules In The Subsurface Of The Atlantis Massif, Katherine A. Hickok
Theses and Dissertations
High concentrations of hydrogen created during serpentinization can promote the formation of abiotic organic carbon molecules such as methane, formate, and short chain hydrocarbons and, in laboratory experiments, larger molecules containing up to 32 carbon atoms. Subsurface archaeal and bacterial communities can use these reduced compounds for metabolic energy. International Ocean Discovery Project Expedition 357 drilled 17 boreholes into the Atlantis Massif with the goals of investigating carbon cycling and the presence of life in a zone of active serpentinization. The expedition recovered multiple lithologies including gabbros, basalts, carbonate sands, and serpentinites. A subset of contrasting lithologies were analyzed for …
The Summerville Formation: Evidence For A Sub-Horizontal Stratigraphic Sequence Below The Post-Rift Unconformity In The Middleton Place Summerville Seismic Zone, Joseph Edward Getz
The Summerville Formation: Evidence For A Sub-Horizontal Stratigraphic Sequence Below The Post-Rift Unconformity In The Middleton Place Summerville Seismic Zone, Joseph Edward Getz
Theses and Dissertations
The Middleton Place Summerville Seismic Zone (MPSSZ) near Summerville, South Carolina was the site of renewed extensive investigation, beginning in the 1970’s, for the source of the 1886 Charleston earthquake. Reactivation of faults associated with a putative fault-bounded Triassic rift basin through analysis of seismic reflection, seismic refraction, and well data has since become the favored interpretation for the source of MPSSZ seismicity. Critical to this interpretation is the association of continental redbed sedimentary rocks in Triassic basins throughout the North American Atlantic margin. Reanalysis of 18 seismic reflection profiles and 25 seismic refraction profiles within the MPSSZ suggests that …
Evaluating Lithology As An Erosional Control On A Fluviokarst System In Northeastern Kentucky, Andrew K. Francis
Evaluating Lithology As An Erosional Control On A Fluviokarst System In Northeastern Kentucky, Andrew K. Francis
Theses and Dissertations
Longitudinal stream profiles can be used to evaluate landscape evolution. Lithology as a control on a stream profile is especially of interests because fluviokarst systems are characterized by the contact of carbonate and non-carbonate rocks at the surface. Due to the difference in weathering processes between carbonates and non-carbonate rocks, it is likely that there is a difference in their rates of erosion. Cave Branch and its tributary Horn Hollow, are fluviokarst systems located in northeastern Kentucky. This area is primarily comprised of sandstone and limestone. The objectives of this study were to determine if variation in lithology was creating …
Facies Analysis And Depositional Environments Of The Saints & Sinners Quarry In The Nugget Sandstone Of Northeastern Utah, Jesse Dean Shumway
Facies Analysis And Depositional Environments Of The Saints & Sinners Quarry In The Nugget Sandstone Of Northeastern Utah, Jesse Dean Shumway
Theses and Dissertations
The Saints & Sinners Quarry preserves the only known vertebrate body fossils in the Nugget Sandstone and the most diverse fauna known from the Nugget-Navajo-Aztec erg system. The fauna includes eight genera and >18,000 bone and bone fragments assignable to >76 individuals, including theropods, sphenosuchians, sphenodontians, drepanosaurs, procolophonids, and a dimorphodontid pterosaur. Cycadeoid fronds are the only plant fossils. There are two depositional environments at the site – dune and interdune, each consisting of two or more faces. The dune facies are (1) Trough Cross-Stratified Sandstone (TCS) representing dry dunes, and (2) Massive and Bioturbated Dunes (MBD) representing bioturbated, damp …
Redbeds Of The Upper Entrada Sandstone, Central Utah: Facies Analysis And Regional Implications Of Interfingered Sabkha And Fluvial Terminal Splay Sediments, Jeffery Michael Valenza
Redbeds Of The Upper Entrada Sandstone, Central Utah: Facies Analysis And Regional Implications Of Interfingered Sabkha And Fluvial Terminal Splay Sediments, Jeffery Michael Valenza
Theses and Dissertations
First distinguished from other sedimentary successions in 1928, the Entrada Sandstone has been the subject of numerous studies. The western extent of the formation was initially described as laterally continuous "earthy" red beds, and categorized as sub- to supratidal marine-influenced sediments. Recent workers have reexamined the sedimentary facies hosted by the Entrada Sandstone, and findings suggest purely terrestrial depositional environments. Several outcrops of the upper Entrada hosted peculiar sedimentary features, including undulatory and convex-upward, parallel-laminated bedforms, reminiscent of hummocky cross-stratification- unexpected features in a terrestrial environment. The purpose of this study was to collect detailed outcrop measurements of these and …
Geochemical Comparison Of Ancient And Modern Eolian Dune Foresets Using Principal Components Analysis, David A. Little
Geochemical Comparison Of Ancient And Modern Eolian Dune Foresets Using Principal Components Analysis, David A. Little
Theses and Dissertations
Geochemistry has been used to determine the provenance and diagenetic history of eolian sandstone deposits. However, the grain size, sorting, cementation, and detrital composition of eolian units can change along dune foreset laminae. The purpose of this study was to test for consistent trends of compositional change along dune foresets. Such trends could increase the quality of geochemical sampling of eolian sandstones and possibly aid in estimating the original height of ancient sand dunes. XRF data was gathered for both major and trace elements from the Pennsylvanian to Permian Weber Sandstone, Early Jurassic Navajo Sandstone, and modern Coral Pink Sand …
Variations In Geochemistry And Mineralogy Of Aeolian Dust Deposition To Mountains In Utah And Nevada, Usa, Dylan Binder Dastrup
Variations In Geochemistry And Mineralogy Of Aeolian Dust Deposition To Mountains In Utah And Nevada, Usa, Dylan Binder Dastrup
Theses and Dissertations
Major and trace metal loading to mountains in the western US depends on dust sources, intensity of storms and their availability for transport during snowmelt and runoff. Previous work has been conducted on dust production, composition, and its affect on solar radiation and timing of snow melt. This study was conducted to 1) examine temporal and spatial variability in dust chemistry; 2) evaluate form and availability of major and trace elements in dust; and 3) identify potential dust sources affecting mountains in Utah and Nevada. Spring and summertime dust was collected across northern Utah over the course of three years …