Geology Commons^™

Analysis And Interpretation Of The 5,000 Ft. (1,538 M) Red-Bed Sequence Encountered In The Sparks E̲T̲ A̲L̲. #1-8 (Michigan Basin Deep Borehole), John H. Fowler

Masters Theses

A 5,000 ft (1,538 m) pre-Mt. Simon (Upper Cambrian) red-bed sequence, encountered in the Gratiot County deep borehole (Sparks et al. #1-8) and herein na~ed the North Star Formation, consists of undeformed recurring beds of immature arkosic sandstone 2 to 34 in. (5 to 85 cm) thick. These beds grade upward from erosional basal contacts into mudstone units 1 in to 12 ft (3 cm to 3.8.m) thick. Within the sandstones, grading, horizontal lamination, and crossstratification define Bouma intervals "a", "b", and "c", which combine to form incomplete Bouma sequences. Mudstones exhibit abundant horizontal laminations. Secondary sedimentary structures (load . …

Analysis And Interpretation Of The 5,000 Ft (1,538 M) Red-Bed Sequence Encountered In The Sparks Et Al. #1-8 (Michigan Basin Deep Borehole), John H. Fowler

Masters Theses

A 5,000 ft (1,538 m) pre-Mt. Simon (Upper Cambrian) red-bed sequence, encountered in the Gratiot County deep borehole (Sparks et al. #1-8) and herein named the North Star Formation, consists of undeformed recurring beds of immature arkosic sandstone 2 to 34 in (5 to 85 cm) thick. These beds grade upward from erosional basal contacts into mudstone units 1 in to 12 ft (3 cm to 3.8 m) thick. Within the sandstones, grading, horizontal lamination, and crossstratification define Bouma intervals "a", "b", and "c", which combine to form incomplete Bouma sequences. Mudstones exhibit abundant horizontal laminations. Secondary sedimentary structures (load …

Structural And Petrologic Comparison Of The Southern Sapphire Range, Montana With The Northeast Border Zone Of The Idaho Batholith, Stacy Lon Clark

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

Postglacial Environmental History Of A Marl Lake Site In Kalamazoo County, Southwestern Michigan, Valerie A. Naeve

Masters Theses

The depositional and ecological history of Oakland Bog, a relic Wisconsinan (16,500+300 years B.P.) lake site is interpreted from pollen stratigraphy, molluscan faunal assemblages and sediment facies. The lake basin, which probably formed after the melting of a late Wisconsinan buried ice block in the Kalamazoo Moraine Complex, is irregular, steep-sided and floored by glacial till. The till is overlain by as much as 7.6 meters of lacustrine marls which extend over an area of nearly 0.5 km². Basal marls are characteristically medium gray, clayey, and contain abundant calcified stem fragments of charophytes; however, the overlying marls display …

Geology Of The Central Peloncillo Mountains, The North Third Of The Pratt Quadrangle, Hidalgo County, New Mexico, Dennis J. Gebben

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

Geology And Mineralization, Ohio And Mt. Baldy Districts, Marysvale, Piute County, Utah, Laurence M. Nuelle

Masters Theses

"The Ohio and Mt. Baldy Mining Districts near Marysvale, Utah occupy a cauldron complex in the Bullion Canyon Volcanics. This complex contains three rock groups of three volcanic episodes. The oldest is a volcanic cone framework series of lahars. The middle group is represented by lava flows, ash flows, and breccias which represent intra-caldera fill. The upper group consists of a local vent complex and the Delano Peak Tuff Member both of which may be related to ring fracture activity.

The stages of veining in the area include in order of gradational deposition: (1) early quartz veins, (2) pre-productive main …

Heavy Metal Patterns In Big And Aux Vases River Drainage Rolla 1⁰ X 2⁰ Quadrangle, Missouri, Behzad Afzali

Masters Theses

"Some 71 active stream sediment, bank sediment, biota, and stream water samples were collected at selected sites along the Big River and Aux Vases rivers and tributaries. The pH, alkalinity, specific conductance, temperature were determined and samples analyzed for Cu, Pb, Zn, Co, Ni, and Cd content.

Stream waters carry heavy metals in low parts per billion. Greatest heavy metal content is in the stream waters of Flat River and lower Big River.

Acid leachable heavy metal content of -80 mesh fractions of stream sediments for Cu, Pb, Zn, Co, Ni, and Cd are orders of magnitude greater than that …

Paleoecology Of The Spiriferid Brachiopods Of The Silica Shale Formation (Middle Devonian), S.E. Michigan And N.W. Ohio, Darioush T. Ghahremani

Masters Theses

Spiriferid brachiopods of the Middle Devonian Silica Formation in northwestern Ohio and southeastern Michigan show many Features that are useful For paleoecologic interpretation. This study is undertaken to examine and interpret the paleoecology and paleobiology of six spiriferid brachiopods Mucrospirifer prolificus, Mucrospirifer grabaui, Mucrospirifer profundus, Mucrospirifer mucronatus, Paraspirifer bownockeri and Spinocyrtia euryteines. All are very abundant and can be easily collected from quarries in the Silica Formation near Sylvania, Ohio.

Fourteen different morphologic characteristics have been tabulated for all specimens used in this study. These characteristics allow interpretations of the ontogenetic de velopment and ecologic relationships of the six studied …

Shallow Water High-Magnesium Calcite Mud Production And Dispersal, St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands, Jonathan A. Fuller

Masters Theses

Boiler Bay, on the northeast coast of St. Croix, is 200 m wide, 800 m long, and about 3-5 m. deep. The hay is separated from the open Caribbean by a barrier reef. Winds from the east drive currents westward across a narrow carbonate platform (where they entrain platform-derived carbonate mud) and into the east end of the bay. Longshore currents continue westward through the bay, and the entrained platform- derived suspended load is combined with bay-produced carbonate mud and swept northwestward off the platform after passing through a 6 km complex of bays along the northeastern shore. The suspended …

Sedimentology Of The Hannibal Formation In Northeastern Missouri And Western Illinois, Michael Harry Deming

Masters Theses

"The Hannibal Formation (Kinderhookian) occurring in northeastern Missouri and western Illinois is a fine-grained, terrigenous, sedimentary unit which can be divided into an upper and a lower portion, based on lithology. The upper portion consists of alternating coarse and argillaceous, fine siltstone units, while the lower portion consists of a silty mudstone with an occasional thin siltstone unit. At the extreme western margin of the formation, near where the Hannibal almost pinches out, the formation consists entirely of a silty claystone. Extending southward along the study area, the coarse siltstone units of the upper Hannibal become thinner, and eventually pinch …

Landsat Image Analysis Of Linears And Lineaments In The Tri-State District, Missouri-Oklahoma-Kansas, Solomon Hartley Toweh

Masters Theses

"Lineations within the Tri-State mining district are classified as megalineaments, lineaments and linears, based on length. One megalineament, 120 lineaments and 205 linears are identified on the LANDSAT imagery. In order of importance a dominant northeast set, northwest set, north-south set and east-west set are recognized. These range from 0.8 miles (1.3 km) to 68 miles (109.4 km) in length.

Major lineation trends spatially relate with trends of mined areas In the Picher field both northeast and northwest lineations generally parallel mined areas. In the Galena field ore and lineations trend northeast while in the Joplin and Duenweg-Webb City-Oronogo field …

Analysis Of An Interlobate Boundary In The Wisconsinan Drift Of Kalamazoo County And Adjacent Areas In Southwestern Michigan, Norman A. Lovan

Masters Theses

A detailed investigation of selected textural and mineralogical aspects of tills in southwestern Michigan is used to define an interlobe boundary relationship between the Wisconsinan ice of the Lake Michigan and Saginaw lobes. Bedrock underlying the study area contributed little to the bulk composition of the tils investigated. However, morainal development in the study area shows strong correlation with bedrock topography.

In a discussion of the deglaciation of Michigan and the study area, a history of morainal development is reviewed and attention is focused on the reentrant district located in Kalamazoo and neighboring counties. Attempts to delineate tills of the …

The Geology Of The Searchlight Mining District, Clark County, Nevada, John Stewart Bown

Masters Theses

"The general area of the Searchlight mining district has been the object of various studies by geologists since 1861. The Searchlight district is located in southern Clark County, Nevada in the eastern part of the Mojave Desert at the southern end of the Eldorado Mountains. Southern Clark County is characterized by a lack of Paleozoic and Mesozoic rocks. A Precambrian complex of rocks mostly gneiss in the southwest corner of the district is non-conformably overlain by Tertiary extrusive rocks about 8,500 feet (2,590 meters) thick consisting of andesite, basalt, rhyolite, and pyroclastics. Both the gneiss and volcanic assemblage were intruded …

Geology Of The Stateline District, Utah-Nevada, Terry Moore Collins

Masters Theses

"The rocks exposed in the Stateline District, Iron County, Utah and Lincoln County, Nevada, are Tertiary volcanics, which serve as hosts for gold and silver bearing quartz veins. The Miocene rhyolites and dellenites, a possible caldera, cupola-associated rock textures, and the faults and styles of deformations indicate the geologic setting of Stateline is in harmony with the tectonic framework of the southern Great Basin. Four map units, subdivided into nine members, are recognized. X-ray fluorescence analyses for SiO₂, TiO₂, Fe₂O₃, CaO, and K₂O differentiated the map units, while variations in the primary quartz, sanadine, plagioclase, biotite, hornblende, and total crystal …

Geology And The Barite Potential Of The Raymond Widel Area, Cooper County, Missouri, German Francisco

Masters Theses

"The Raymond Widel barite prospect is two miles northeast of Blackwater Town, in parts of Sections 23, 24, 25, and 26, T49N, R19W, Cooper County, Missouri. Reported in the area since the 1850's barite-galena deposits have been sporadically mined.

The Burlington-Keokuk and Warsaw formations of Mississippian age are exposed. The former is composed of coarse-grained limestone with abundant fossils, and the latter is a fossiliferous cherty limestone. These reach a thickness of over 200 feet. Local structures are not significant, but regional fold and fault structures are present outside the area.

Exploration drilling consisted of 31 drill holes ranging from …

Petrology Of The Rockport Quarry Limestone (Middle Devonian Traverse Group) Alpena, Presque Isle And Montmorency Counties, Michigan, Charles Willard Cookman

Masters Theses

The basal unit of the dominantly carbonate Traverse Group, the Bell Shale, is gradationally overlain by the Rockport Quarry Limestone which has a thickness of approximately 14 m. The Rockport Quarry Limestone is composed of a dark unrestricted marine subtidal organic-mud packstone facies, comprised of an algal-mat-bearing coral packstone subfacies and a shallower water crinoid-bryozoan grainstone subfacies; a shoal forming stromatoporoid biolithite facies; and a lagoonal micrite facies comprised of a subtidal dense subfacies containing gastropods, ostracods, and calcispheres, and an Intertidal to supratidal fenestral subfacies. The local facies tract reconstructed for the Rockport Quarry Limestone is interpreted to be …

Rubidium-Strontium And Uranium-Lead Geochronology Of The Northeastern Border Zone Of The Idaho Batholith Bitterroot Range, Montana, Steven E. Tripp

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

Areal Geology, Brecciation, And Mineralization In The Trout Creek Area, Park And Chaffee Counties, Colorado, Barry Plin Mercer

Masters Theses

"The principle purpose of this thesis research has been to map rock types in an area selected for its occurrence of lead-zinc mineralization, and particularly to examine the character and origin of breccias present in the Leadville Limestone. The thesis area is located in Colorado along the east flank of the southernmost Mosquito Range, bounded by Buffalo Peaks Volcanic field on the north and Trout Creek on the south. Units mapped include the Sawatch Quartzite (Cambrian), Manitou Limestone (lower Ordovician), Harding Sandstone (middle Ordovician), Fremont Limestone (upper Ordovician), Parting Quartzite (Devonian), Dyer Dolomite (Devonian), and Leadville Limestone (Mississippian). The Leadville …

Geology, Mineralogy, And Fluid Inclusion Geothermometry Of The El Paso Gold Mine, Cripple Creek, Colorado, Charles Albon Lane

Masters Theses

"The Cripple Creek district consists of a deeply- eroded, breccia-filled volcanic subsidence basin. Subsidence of the basin occurred along fissures formed by fracturing during the Laramide orogeny. The material filling the crater probably developed first as fissure flows. Erosion of the volcanics formed the material now filling the basin. Volcanic activity was accompanied by intrusion of numerous sills, dikes, and stocks of several different rock types into the breccia and surrounding granite, punctuated by occasional explosive activity. The majority of the mines in the district lie within the volcanic center; however, a few important ones, most notably the El Paso …

Affects Of Thermal Assimilation And Low Grade Metamorphism On A Xenolith Bearing Basalt Dike In Marquette, Michigan, William E. Coons

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

Trace Fossils Of The Brassfield Formation, Lower Silurian, In South-Central Ohio And North Central Kentucky, Eugene J. Murray

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

Some Pegmatites Near Gwinn, Michigan, Michael J. Moss

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

A Study Of Middle To Late Quaternary Sediments In The Karst Trap., David Lewis Rath

Masters Theses

"Quaternary deposits preserved in a karst trap on the Lebanon uplands a e described. The sediments represent the Yarmouthian, Illinoian, Sangamonian, and Wisconsinan Stages. The karst trap is pre-Yarmouthian in age. The lowermost deposit consists of residual fill material on which lies a well-developed Yarmouth paleosol. During the Illinoian Stage about 61 cm (2 feet) of Loveland loess was deposited over the area. Toward late Illinoian conditions favoring erosion rapidly filled the closed system, stripping the loess and reducing the residual slopes. The system stabilized during the Sangamonian Stage allowing for a thick, strong Sangamon paleosol to deve lop on …

Heavy Metal Contamination In Soil Around A Lead Smelter In Southeast Missouri, David Lewis Butherus

Masters Theses

"In order to determine the extent of possible heavy metal contamination, more than 963 samples of leaf litter and soil were collected from 410 sample stations around the AMAX smelter in southeast Missouri. Dried samples of leaf litter and minus 80 mesh soil fractions were analyzed for cadmium, copper, lead, and zinc by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Minus 80 mesh soil fractions were also analyzed for sulfur using x-ray fluorescence methods. Ranges of heavy metal concentrations in leaf litter were: cadmium, 0.13 μg/g to 175 μg/g; copper, 4.2 μg/g to 6500 μg/g; lead, 50 μg/g to 130,000 μg/g; and zinc, 26 …

Fluid Inclusion Geothermometry Of Tri-State Sphalerite, Chi-Sheng Wei

Masters Theses

"Fluid inclusions in successively deposited generations of sphalerite from the Tri-State district have been examined for geothermometry as a function of time. The main stage of vug-filling sphalerite has been studied most intensively and as many as 83 fluid inclusions have been examined in a single crystal. These sphalerite crystals are commonly zoned, and their filling temperatures exhibit a general pattern of declining temperature from their cores outward, from about 135°C down to 90°C. The decline is not a steady one, but rather it is characterized by fluctuations commonly about 15-20°C. Some fluctuations have magnitudes as great as 50-60°C, with …

Geochemical And Biogeochemical Studies In The Hansonburg Mining District, New Mexico, Alan Nathan Silverman

Masters Theses

"The Hansonburg mining district is in Socorro county in south central New Mexico. A Paleozoic section of thick Pennsylvanian limestone units, thin shale and arkose layers and thick Permian units of sandstone, siltstone and gypsiferous beds interlayered with thin limestone units unconformably overlie a Precambrian basement of granite. The sedimentary rocks are folded with north trends and plunges. Northerly, some easterly and northwesterly trending faults cut the folds. Galena, fluorite, and barite mineralization occurs along some of the northerly faults and as bedded replacements and fissure fillings in the Pennsylvanian Council Spring limestone.

Geological mapping and geochemical soil surveys of …

A Geochemical And Microscopic Study Of A Recently Discovered Deposit In Southern Illinois Fluorspar District., Prachon Chareonsri

Masters Theses

"A bedding-replacement fluorite deposit, discovered by recent drilling in the northeast part of the Cave in Rock district, southern Illinois, has been studied by a combination of geochemical, X-ray, and microscopic techniques. The dispersion pattern for trace zinc, lead, cadmium and copper concentrations in carbonate host rocks adjacent to the fluorspar deposit, determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry, appears to hold only little hope in serving as an aid to exploration. Only cadmium anomalies appear closely related to the known fluorspar ore, and those values are not greatly above background.

Broad zinc and cadmium anomalies and a narrow lead anomaly are …

Tertiary Welded Tuffs Of The Ryan Spring Area, Needle Range, Beaver County, Utah, Peter Carlyle Rauch

Masters Theses

"The Needle Range of southwestern Utah is composed of Paleozoic sediments overlain by a thick sequence of Tertiary volcanic rocks primarily of the welded tuff class. The area has undergone at least four stages of post-eruptive structural deformation. The most significant stage is that which formed the range by normal Basin and Range type faulting. The faults strike northwest and tilt the volcanic layers northeast.

The volcanic section is composed primarily of the Needles Range Formation (Oligocene) overlain by the Isom Formation and underlain by several flows and ash flows, one of which has been tentatively correlated to the Escalante …

Geology Of Klump's Cave, Perry County, Missouri, Ernest L. Kern

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

The Sediments And Sedimentary Environments Of A Barrier Island, Cedar Island, Virginia, John Walter Heinsius

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.