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Articles 271 - 283 of 283
Full-Text Articles in Earth Sciences
A Handheld Polarimeter For Aerosol Remote Sensing, James W. Frost, Fouad Nasraddine, J. Rodriguez, I. Andino, Brian Cairns
A Handheld Polarimeter For Aerosol Remote Sensing, James W. Frost, Fouad Nasraddine, J. Rodriguez, I. Andino, Brian Cairns
Publications and Research
In this paper we show how measurements made by a simple handheld polarimeter in conjunction with automated sunsky radiometers can be used to effectively constrain the real part of the complex refractive index of aerosols. We find that even measurements over a limited angular range near 90° scattering angle are sufficient for this purpose. We also note that because of the effect of surface reflectance on the observed degree of linear polarization (DOLP) it is sensible to select spectral bands for these measurements for which the surface is relatively dark and homogeneous (i.e. wavelengths shorter than 700 nm are to …
Microwave Backscatter Modeling Of Erg Surfaces In The Sahara Desert, Haroon Stephen, David G. Long
Microwave Backscatter Modeling Of Erg Surfaces In The Sahara Desert, Haroon Stephen, David G. Long
Public Policy and Leadership Faculty Research
The Sahara Desert includes large expanses of sand dunes called ergs. These dunes are formed and constantly reshaped by prevailing winds. Previous study shows that Saharan ergs exhibit significant radar backscatter (σ°) modulation with azimuth angle (f). We use σ° measurements observed at various incidence angles and f from the NASA Scatterometer (NSCAT), the SeaWinds scatterometer, the ERS scatterometer (ESCAT), and the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission's Precipitation Radar to model the σ° response from sand dunes. Observations reveal a characteristic relationship between the backscatter modulation and the dune type, i.e., the number and orientation of the dune slopes. Sand dunes …
Modeling Microwave Emissions Of Erg Surfaces In The Sahara Desert, Haroon Stephen, David G. Long
Modeling Microwave Emissions Of Erg Surfaces In The Sahara Desert, Haroon Stephen, David G. Long
Public Policy and Leadership Faculty Research
Sand seas (ergs) of the Sahara are the most dynamic parts of the desert. Aeolian erosion, transportation, and deposition continue to reshape the surface of the ergs. The large-scale features (dunes) of these bedforms reflect the characteristics of the sand and the long-term wind. Radiometric emissions from the ergs have strong dependence on the surface geometry. We model the erg surface as composed of tilted rough facets. Each facet is characterized by a tilt distribution dependent upon the surface roughness of the facet. The radiometric temperature (T(b)) of ergs is then the weighted sum of the T(b) from all the …
Geospatial Analysis Of Gravel Bar Deposition And Channel Migration Within The Ozark National Scenic Riverways, Missouri (1955-2003), Derek J. Martin
Geospatial Analysis Of Gravel Bar Deposition And Channel Migration Within The Ozark National Scenic Riverways, Missouri (1955-2003), Derek J. Martin
Graduate Theses/Dissertations
Historical land clearing is believed to be responsible for present-day channel instability in main stem reaches in the Ozark National Scenic Riverways (ONSR) in south-central Missouri. The nature of instability is related to the delivery of excess amounts of gravel sediment to stream channels and higher rates of lateral bank erosion. These conditions are of concern to resource managers because of the potential damaging effects on recreational facilities and aquatic habitat. The purpose of this study is to develop a geographic information systems (GIS)/remote sensing (RS) based methodology to monitor spatial patterns of gravel deposition and lateral channel migration within …
Using Remote Sensing And Inclined Drilling To Locate High-Yield Water Wells In The Eastern Kentucky Coal Field, Robert E. Andrews, David R. Wunsch, James S. Dinger, Glenn A. Dunno
Using Remote Sensing And Inclined Drilling To Locate High-Yield Water Wells In The Eastern Kentucky Coal Field, Robert E. Andrews, David R. Wunsch, James S. Dinger, Glenn A. Dunno
Report of Investigations--KGS
The Kentucky Geological Survey has developed a method using lineament analysis in conjunction with inclinced exploration boreholes to identify subsurface fractures in the Eastern Kentucky Coal Field. Wells are then drilled to intersect these fractures, with the hope that the wells will be high yielding (greater than 30 gal/min). Lineaments were selected from Landsat TM imagery, side-looking airborne radar (SLAR) imagery, and two enhanced Landsat TM images for over 6,400 square miles of eastern Kentucky. Lineaments were replotted on 7.5-minute topographic quadrangle maps, and field reconnaissance identified locations where lineaments correlated with straight-line topographic features and fracture zones. Subsquent application …
Delineation Of Mass Movement Prone Areas By Landsat 7 And Digitial Image Processing, Shiloh Marie Howland
Delineation Of Mass Movement Prone Areas By Landsat 7 And Digitial Image Processing, Shiloh Marie Howland
Theses and Dissertations
The problem of whether Landsat 7 data could be used to delineate areas prone to mass movement, particularly debris flows and landslides, was examined using three techniques: change detection in NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index), change detection in band 5, and the tasseled cap transformation. These techniques were applied to areas that had recently experienced mass movement: Layton, Davis County and Alpine, Spanish Fork Canyon and Santaquin, Utah County. No distinctive spectral characteristics were found with any of these techniques with two possible explanations: 1. That despite improved spatial resolution in Landat 7 over its predecessors and improved digital image …
Mapping Vegetation In Yellowstone National Park Using Spectral Feature Analysis Of Aviris Data, Raymond F. Kokaly, Don G. Despain, Roger N. Clark, K. Eric Livo
Mapping Vegetation In Yellowstone National Park Using Spectral Feature Analysis Of Aviris Data, Raymond F. Kokaly, Don G. Despain, Roger N. Clark, K. Eric Livo
United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications
Knowledge of the distribution of vegetation on the landscape can be used to investigate ecosystem functioning. The sizes and movements of animal populations can be linked to resources provided by different plant species. This paper demonstrates the application of imaging spectroscopy to the study of vegetation in Yellowstone National Park (Yellowstone) using spectral feature analysis of data from the Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS). AVIRIS data, acquired on August 7, 1996, were calibrated to surface reflectance using a radiative transfer model and field reflectance measurements of a ground calibration site. A spectral library of canopy reflectance signatures was created by …
New Evidence For Enhanced Ocean Primary Production Triggered By Tropical Cyclone, I. Lin, W. Timothy Liu, Chun-Chieh Wu, George T. F. Wong, Chuanmin Hu, Zhiqiang Chen, Wen-Der Liang, Yih Yang, Kon-Kee Liu
New Evidence For Enhanced Ocean Primary Production Triggered By Tropical Cyclone, I. Lin, W. Timothy Liu, Chun-Chieh Wu, George T. F. Wong, Chuanmin Hu, Zhiqiang Chen, Wen-Der Liang, Yih Yang, Kon-Kee Liu
OES Faculty Publications
[1] New evidence based on recent satellite data is presented to provide a rare opportunity in quantifying the long-speculated contribution of tropical cyclones to enhance ocean primary production. In July 2000, moderate cyclone Kai-Tak passed over the South China Sea (SCS). During its short 3-day stay, Kai-Tak triggered an average 30-fold increase in surface chlorophyll-a concentration. The estimated carbon fixation resulting from this event alone is 0.8 Mt, or 2-4% of SCS's annual new production. Given an average of 14 cyclones passing over the SCS annually, we suggest the long-neglected contribution of tropical cyclones to SCS's annual new production may …
Mapping The Volumetric Soil Water Content Of A California Vineyard Using High-Frequency Gpr Ground Wave Data, Susan Sharpless Hubbard, Katherine R. Grote, Yoram N. Rubin
Mapping The Volumetric Soil Water Content Of A California Vineyard Using High-Frequency Gpr Ground Wave Data, Susan Sharpless Hubbard, Katherine R. Grote, Yoram N. Rubin
Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
An attempt was made to establish the utility of ground-penetrating radar (GPR) as a quick and noninvasive field tool for shallow soil water content estimates as a function of space and time. Initially, detailed studies of collocated data, with electromagnetic velocity estimates from GPR data compared to gravimetric measurements of water content and to soil testure were carried out. Using the procedures developed during the detailed studies, full grids of GPR data were collected over the entire site several times. Data obtained indicate that incorporation of multiple frequency GPR grids can provide high-resolution estimates of soil water content variations as …
Observation Of Shelfwater Overrunning The Southern Slope Sea, Ajoy Kumar
Observation Of Shelfwater Overrunning The Southern Slope Sea, Ajoy Kumar
OES Theses and Dissertations
Analyses of two years (1992 and 1993) of high resolution (1.47 km2) sea surface temperature satellite images of the southern Mid-Atlantic Bight (MAB), showed that unusually extensive overhang of shelf water occurs episodically, and coherently over along shelf distances of several hundred kilometers. These episodes are dubbed overrunning of the Slope Sea by shelf water. The overrunning volume has a "face" and a "back" (southern and northern limit). It transports substantial quantities of shelf water southward, and does not retreat onto the shelf, but eventually joins the western edge of the Gulf Stream in the vicinity of Chesapeake …
Scaling Water And Energy Fluxes In Climate Systems: Three Land-Atmospheric Modeling Experiments, Eric F. Wood, Venkataraman Lakshmi
Scaling Water And Energy Fluxes In Climate Systems: Three Land-Atmospheric Modeling Experiments, Eric F. Wood, Venkataraman Lakshmi
Faculty Publications
The effects of small-scale heterogeneity in land-surface characteristics on the large-scale fluxes of water and energy in the land-atmosphere system have become a central focus of many of the climatology research experiments. The acquisition of high-resolution land-surface data through remote sensing and intensive land-climatology field experiments(like HAPEX and EIFE) has provided data to investigate the interactions between microscale land-atmosphere interactions and macroscale models. One essential research question is how to account for the small-scale heterogeneities and whether `effective' parameters can be used in the macroscale models. To address this question ofscaling, three modeling experiments were performed and are reviewed in …
Structural, Remote Sensing And Multivariate Correlation Methods As Aids To Mineral Exploration, Central Ireland, D.W. Coller, M.F. Critchley, J.M. Dolan, Ciaran Mcdonnell, C.J. Murphy, W.E.A. Phillips, D.J. Sanderson
Structural, Remote Sensing And Multivariate Correlation Methods As Aids To Mineral Exploration, Central Ireland, D.W. Coller, M.F. Critchley, J.M. Dolan, Ciaran Mcdonnell, C.J. Murphy, W.E.A. Phillips, D.J. Sanderson
Books/Book chapters
This work discusses structural, remote sensing and multivariate correlation methods as aids to mineral exploration in West Central Ireland. The work was performed as part of the EU-funded CREST project.
Thermal Infrared Remote Sensing Of Near-Surface Moisture: A Case Study In The Nebraska Sandhills, L. P. Queen, D. C. Rundquist, M. P. Lawson
Thermal Infrared Remote Sensing Of Near-Surface Moisture: A Case Study In The Nebraska Sandhills, L. P. Queen, D. C. Rundquist, M. P. Lawson
Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications
No abstract provided.