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2023

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Articles 241 - 270 of 2670

Full-Text Articles in Earth Sciences

Detection Of Endophyte Mycotoxins By Service Laboratories: Providing Answers For Safe Feed, J. Honneffer, M. Sulyok, V. Milojevic, A. Holman, Jennifer Duringer Nov 2023

Detection Of Endophyte Mycotoxins By Service Laboratories: Providing Answers For Safe Feed, J. Honneffer, M. Sulyok, V. Milojevic, A. Holman, Jennifer Duringer

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

. A global network of service laboratories exists to test livestock feed materials (typically grass hay and pellets) for ergovaline, ergot alkaloids and lolitrem B to ensure ‘safe feeds’ are being given to livestock. These compounds are mycotoxins produced by endophytic fungi that naturally reside in feed material. They have been purposely bred into grass species, as they enhance the plant’s survival from drought and insect predation. Unfortunately, ergovaline and other ergot alkaloids also cause vasoconstrictive effects and reproductive difficulties in livestock, resulting in a $1 million annual loss in production for the cattle industry in the USA alone. Lolitrem …

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L-Grassf: A New Model For Simulating The Genetic Environment Interactions On The Reproductive Phenology Of Grasses, S. Rouet, Jean Louis Durand, D. Combes, A. Escobar Gutiérrez, D. Leclercq, R. Barillot Nov 2023

L-Grassf: A New Model For Simulating The Genetic Environment Interactions On The Reproductive Phenology Of Grasses, S. Rouet, Jean Louis Durand, D. Combes, A. Escobar Gutiérrez, D. Leclercq, R. Barillot

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Predicting the reproductive phenology in perennial grasses is a major concern because it determines the quantity and quality of forage. It varies a lot depending on site, year and cultivar. Projections of future climates suggest significant changes in seasonal temperature pattern, with new combinations of temperature and photoperiod, whose consequences on the floral induction of perennial grasses are unknown. L-GrassF is a new Functional Structural Plant Model simulating genetic variability of the phenology of perennial ryegrass in order to better understand the perenniality of grasslands and better anticipate the effects of climate change. L-GrassF stems from a previous model (L-Grass) …

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Sustainable Intensification Of Livestock Systems Using Forage Legumes In The Anthropocene, José C. B. Dubeux Jr., D. M. Jaramillo, E. R. S. Santos, L. Garcia, L. M. D. Queiroz, K. R. Trumpp Nov 2023

Sustainable Intensification Of Livestock Systems Using Forage Legumes In The Anthropocene, José C. B. Dubeux Jr., D. M. Jaramillo, E. R. S. Santos, L. Garcia, L. M. D. Queiroz, K. R. Trumpp

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Sustainable intensification of livestock systems implies greater efficiency in resource utilization resulting in greater output of products and other ecosystem services per unit of resource input. Strategies to improve resource use efficiency include diversification of plant and ruminant species with complementary resource use. Forages that have root systems with contrasting architecture and exploring different soil layers with complementary use of resource acquisition (e.g., nutrients, water) could enhance primary productivity. Belowground interactions with soil microbiota (e.g., mycorrhizae) is key to enhance resource utilization. Forages with complementary canopy characteristics that helps enhancing light interception and utilization could also lead to greater resource …

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Grazing Cover Crops For Soil Health In An Integrated Crop-Livestock System, Forrest E. Davis, J. Brett Rushing Nov 2023

Grazing Cover Crops For Soil Health In An Integrated Crop-Livestock System, Forrest E. Davis, J. Brett Rushing

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

. Optimizing soil health requires building an environment that creates conditions which allow for best function of the chemical, biological, and physical properties of the soil to thrive as an organism and an ecosystem. Integrated crop-livestock systems (ICLS) use a systems approach to provide improvements to soil health parameters. In the fall of 2021, a randomized complete block study was conducted at the Coastal Plain Branch Experiment Station (CPBES) in Newton, Mississippi and at the Prairie Research Unit (PRU) in Prairie, Mississippi to observe the soil health effects of grazing cereal rye cover crops in a soybean production system. Three …

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Short-Term Soil Organic Matter And Carbon Responses To Contrasting Grazing Intensities In Integrated Crop-Livestock Systems, Erick R. Da Silva Santos, Jose C. B. Dubeux, B. G. C. Homem, Cheryl L. Mackowiak, Lynn E. Sollenberger, D. Wright Nov 2023

Short-Term Soil Organic Matter And Carbon Responses To Contrasting Grazing Intensities In Integrated Crop-Livestock Systems, Erick R. Da Silva Santos, Jose C. B. Dubeux, B. G. C. Homem, Cheryl L. Mackowiak, Lynn E. Sollenberger, D. Wright

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Combining integrated crop-livestock systems under no-till management may improve soil organic matter (SOM) build up and improve soil C sequestration. Grazing cover crops appears as a possibility to combine crops and livestock in a farm system. Further SOM and soil C increase can be achieved by adding perennial grasses into crop rotations. However, the effect of grazing intensity in such systems are not fully understood. This 2-yr study investigated short-term effects of cropping system [winter cover crops-summer cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) and winter cover crops-summer bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum Flüggé) rotations], grazing intensity (no grazing, heavy, moderate, and light …

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Productive Grasslands – The Role Of Adapted Species To Increase Ecosystems Resilience, M. B. Chiavegato, A. F. Mammana, C. Y. Rodriguez Nov 2023

Productive Grasslands – The Role Of Adapted Species To Increase Ecosystems Resilience, M. B. Chiavegato, A. F. Mammana, C. Y. Rodriguez

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Producers are interested in diversifying grazing systems with native warm-season grasses. Climate variations may result in extreme weather events. For instance, recent studies show strong evidence pointing to an increasing frequency of flooding in the central US, due to changes in both seasonal rainfall and temperature across this region. In a constantly changing climate, adapted species play a crucial role in increasing ecosystems resilience and resistance to extreme weather events. Native grasses may be well adapted to the future changes on climatic conditions, with wide ecological amplitude and resistance under different conditions. Use of adapted warm season grasses, associated with …

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Adjusting Ley Grassland Duration In Crop Rotations To Reconcile Food Production And Soil Carbon Stocks, Abad Chabbi Nov 2023

Adjusting Ley Grassland Duration In Crop Rotations To Reconcile Food Production And Soil Carbon Stocks, Abad Chabbi

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Introduction of grasslands into cropping systems represents a strategy to ensure food production while reducing soil carbon losses. Yet, mixed crop and grassland management systems need to be evaluated in terms of achieving balanced food production and soil carbon (C) sustainability. The objectives of the study are: 1) to explore the impact of grassland duration on C input and soil C changes in agricultural systems; and 2) to test the variation in C input and soil C changes between rotations using grassland fertilized at high or low Nitrogen (N) application rates and their impacts on productivity. Field data regarding C …

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Weed Management Affects Pasture Productivity And Livestock Performance - Tropical Perspective, Joao B. Cason, B. Sleugh Nov 2023

Weed Management Affects Pasture Productivity And Livestock Performance - Tropical Perspective, Joao B. Cason, B. Sleugh

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Weed competition in pastures has a great impact on livestock productivity, as, in addition to competing with forage, it interferes with animal grazing. Without question, weeds can compete with forage for water, space, light and nutrients. Weeds reduce the feed value of forage, decrease pasture carrying capacity, and can be toxic or unpalatable to livestock. For most weeds in pasture, the root system is robust, which contributes to the survival of these plants, affecting the development of the pasture. Due to the large number of seeds, they usually produce, they are very easily dispersed. In addition, when there are weeds …

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Eragrostis Curvula Effects On Above And Below-Ground Plant Species Richness And Diversity, Jed Brown, A. Merchant, L. Ingram Nov 2023

Eragrostis Curvula Effects On Above And Below-Ground Plant Species Richness And Diversity, Jed Brown, A. Merchant, L. Ingram

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Monitoring and managing the soil seed bank is fundamental to land management as it constitutes the future generations of invasive plant communities. Invasive plants have traits that result in high recruitment through increased seed generation, short seed dormancy and phenotypic plasticity. Furthermore, invasive plants with growth forms that inhibit the growth and recruitment of other species can lead to monocultures and associated reduction in above-ground biodiversity, potentially negatively impacting the soil seed bank diversity and ecosystem functions and services. Eragrostis curvula is one such species that has many of these invasive traits, including high propagule generation, and can exclude plant …

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The Importance Of Forage Legume Epigenetics In The Anthropocene, J. Brady, J. P. Muir, A. Falk Nov 2023

The Importance Of Forage Legume Epigenetics In The Anthropocene, J. Brady, J. P. Muir, A. Falk

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

As climates change and economic as well as ecological pressures to produce more ruminant product on less land in the Anthropocene increase, the importance of using cutting-edge methods for forage legume improvement grows. The immediate return rate and turnaround on investment is likely greater for multi-species incorporation into grasslands but focusing on intraspecific variability and diversity could also contribute. The role of forage legumes in cultivated pasture and rangeland biodiversity as well as stability depends on genetics as well as management. Their epigenetics, however, may become increasingly important as climatic extremes and ecological pressures grow due to human-induced factors. Unfortunately, …

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Identification And Characteristics Of Phosphate-Solubilizing Endophytic Bacteria From Root Nodules Of Lespedeza Daurica, K. Y. Yang, C. Huang, P. Gao, Y. P. Liang, Y. P. Han, X. Zhao Nov 2023

Identification And Characteristics Of Phosphate-Solubilizing Endophytic Bacteria From Root Nodules Of Lespedeza Daurica, K. Y. Yang, C. Huang, P. Gao, Y. P. Liang, Y. P. Han, X. Zhao

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Endophytic phosphate-solubilizing bacteria from root nodules could promote stress resistance, nodulation and nitrogen fixation. In this study, nodule endophytic bacteria of Lespedeza daurica were isolated by plate streaking, the bacteria with phosphate-solubilizing abilities were selected and the phosphate-solubilizing abilities were determined. The results showed that 88 endophytic bacterial strains were isolated and among which 11 strains possessed phosphate-solubilizing abilities. The organic phosphorus solubility of TG41, TG43, TG47 and TG68 were 0.73~0.86 μg·mL-1 ; the inorganic phosphorus solubility of TG47 and TG68 were 72.97 and 1.29 μg·mL-1 , respectively. The four strains were identified as effective phosphate-solubilizing bacteria. TG41 …

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Rangeland Health Status And Condition Two Different Yet Complementary Concepts: National Reserve Pampa Galeras Barbara D´Achille Case, R. Zárate, E. R. Flores Nov 2023

Rangeland Health Status And Condition Two Different Yet Complementary Concepts: National Reserve Pampa Galeras Barbara D´Achille Case, R. Zárate, E. R. Flores

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Pampa Galeras Barbara D´Achille National Reserve has an extension of 21,030 hectares constituted mainly by puna rangeland and has played a key role in the recovery of the vicuña (Vicugna vicugna) population from extinction. This reserve is divided into two zones, known as the Rigid zone with a total area of 6,500 ha, and the Buffer zone of 14,530 ha. The present study aimed to implement an Ecological Response Unit system (ERU) to create an evaluation and monitoring system of rangeland health and condition, that could serve as a model for the rest of the Protected National Areas …

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Assessing The Usefulness Of Senna Obtusifolia, An Invasive Plant Species In West Africa Rangelands, A. Zaré, O. Ouédraogo, A. Linstädter Nov 2023

Assessing The Usefulness Of Senna Obtusifolia, An Invasive Plant Species In West Africa Rangelands, A. Zaré, O. Ouédraogo, A. Linstädter

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Senna obtusifolia is a less appreciated plant species. Its invasion has led to the disappearance of several herbaceous species of interest in West Africa rangelands. As adaptation strategy, people use it to substitute for those that have disappeared. This study aimed to assess the importance of this species for animal and local ethnic groups according to two contrast climate zones in Burkina Faso. Ethnobotanic survey mixed with direct observations on the field were conducted. Three hundred (300) people from height (8) ethnic groups were interviewed. The survey technique was semi-structured interviews using a previously tested semi-structured questionnaire. At the early …

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Responses Of Plant Functional Diversity To Long-Term Warming And Nitrogen Addition In A Desert Steppe, Y. Zhu, L. Tian, H. Y. Ren, G. D. Han Nov 2023

Responses Of Plant Functional Diversity To Long-Term Warming And Nitrogen Addition In A Desert Steppe, Y. Zhu, L. Tian, H. Y. Ren, G. D. Han

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Plant functional traits are closely related to ecosystem functions, and can indicate changes in ecosystem functions. Plant functional diversity is an important component of biodiversity, which can more accurately predict the changes of ecosystem functions or processes than species diversity, and is the main determinant of ecosystem functions or processes. In order to study the impact of global climate change factors (i.e., warming and nitrogen deposition) on the plant functional diversity in a desert steppe, we conducted a long-term warming and nitrogen addition experiment in northern China for 15 years (2006 - 2020). In 2020, we measured the plant height, …

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Evaluating Herbicides For The Control Of Multiflora Rose And Autumn Olive In Eastern Ohio, C. Zoller, D. Kreager, T. G. Wiseman, C. Martin, A. Essman, C. Gelley, C. Little, M. Loux Nov 2023

Evaluating Herbicides For The Control Of Multiflora Rose And Autumn Olive In Eastern Ohio, C. Zoller, D. Kreager, T. G. Wiseman, C. Martin, A. Essman, C. Gelley, C. Little, M. Loux

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Invasive plants cause billions of dollars annually in damage, displace desirable plants, and reduce available land area for livestock grazing. Multiflora rose and autumn olive are two such species prevalent across the Eastern United States. Originally introduced for livestock containment and erosion control, these plants have become widespread, resulting in reduced animal grazing. The Eastern Agricultural Research Station (EARS) is located in Southeast Ohio and is owned by The Ohio State University. Much of the more than 2,000 acres has a history of surface mining and was reclaimed with the planting of multiflora rose and autumn olive. These plants have …

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More Evidence Of Tropical Conditions In The Middle Eocene Climatic Optimum (Meco) With New Fossil Woods From North-Central Türkiye, Ünal Akkemi̇k, Fi̇kret Koçbulut, Özlem Toprak, Umut Tunç Nov 2023

More Evidence Of Tropical Conditions In The Middle Eocene Climatic Optimum (Meco) With New Fossil Woods From North-Central Türkiye, Ünal Akkemi̇k, Fi̇kret Koçbulut, Özlem Toprak, Umut Tunç

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

Fossil wood descriptions are among the most important indicators in understanding forest structures across geological ages. This study was carried out to obtain new findings about the Middle Eocene Climate Optimum (MECO) period of Anatolia with new samples collected from the Middle Eocene-aged fossil area near Amasya-Göynücek. The fossil area falls into the Göynücek Volcanics in the region. Transverse, radial, and tangential microscopic sections were taken from three new fossil wood samples, and all identifications were performed on these microscopic sections. As a result, the fossil species were identified as Pinuxylon cf. P. tarnocziense, cf. Dichrostachyoxylon zirkelii, and Laurinoxylon perseamimatus …

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Almacık Complex-An Exhumed Lower To Middle Crust In Northwest Anatolia, Aral Okay, Andrew R.C. Kylander-Clark, Sarah Sherlock Nov 2023

Almacık Complex-An Exhumed Lower To Middle Crust In Northwest Anatolia, Aral Okay, Andrew R.C. Kylander-Clark, Sarah Sherlock

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

The Almacık Complex is a tectonic unit of high-grade metamorphic rocks in the Intra-Pontide Suture Zone in northwest Turkey. It consists mainly of amphibolite, metaultramafic rock, and gneiss, which are intruded by numerous pre-, syn-, and posttectonic felsic veins. The Almacık Complex is variously interpreted as a Cretaceous or Neoproterozoic ophiolite, or a Permian mafic-ultramafic complex representing the middle to lower crust of the Sakarya Zone. Herein, new petrological and geochronological data were presented from the Almacık Complex. Two-pyroxene geothermometry in the metawebsterites indicated that the Almacık Complex has undergone upper amphibolite-facies metamorphism at 750 ± 30 °C and 8 …

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A Study On The Magnetite Skarn Mineralization (Gümüşhane, Türkiye): A Magnetic Survey, Ferkan Si̇pahi̇, Münür Burhan Sadiklar, Mehmet Ali̇ Gücer, Ali̇ Aydin, Rasi̇m Taylan Kara Nov 2023

A Study On The Magnetite Skarn Mineralization (Gümüşhane, Türkiye): A Magnetic Survey, Ferkan Si̇pahi̇, Münür Burhan Sadiklar, Mehmet Ali̇ Gücer, Ali̇ Aydin, Rasi̇m Taylan Kara

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

Iron (Fe)-skarn mineralizations (Çambaşı, Dereli, Eğrikar, Karadağ, Kopuz, Sekü, Donguldere, Arnastal, Özdil, Ögene, İkizdere, Ovit Dağı, Kartiba, etc.) in the eastern part of the Pontides (NE Türkiye) are accommodated in the Pontide paleomagmatic arc and the eastern part of the Pontides Metallogenic Belt containing numerous various deposits. Fe-skarn mineralization around the Arnastal Plateau (Gümüşhane-Türkiye) is fragmentary in this area, which is covered with plants (grasses, flowers, etc.). Thus, it was attempted to describe the subsurface structures and Fe mineralization using an interpretation of the available geological and existing magnetic data in this area. Granitoid and volcano-sedimentary series (Upper Cretaceous) outcrop …

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Mapping Crustal Structure And Deformation Using Gravity Data In The Bursa Basin And Surroundings, Türkiye, Bülent Oruç, Emi̇r Balkan Nov 2023

Mapping Crustal Structure And Deformation Using Gravity Data In The Bursa Basin And Surroundings, Türkiye, Bülent Oruç, Emi̇r Balkan

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

The structure and deformation of the Bursa Basin and surroundings was carried out through the interpretation of Bouguer gravity and isostatic residual gravity anomalies. The spectral analysis was carried out on Bouguer anomalies to obtain the average depths of the crustal structure under the Bursa Basin and surroundings. Parker-Oldenburg algorithm was used to estimate the depths of the interface between upper and lower crust with respect to an average depth and density contrast. We used Mallick-Sharma algorithm to separate the regional gravity anomalies from Bouguer anomalies to estimate the isostatic residual gravity anomalies. Euler deconvolution and two-dimensional density contrast distribution …

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Interpreting Structural Configuration Of The Sengkang Basin Of Indonesia Using Edge Detection And 3-D Euler Deconvolution To Satellite Gravity Data, Jamhir Safani, Khalil Ibrahim, Wa Deni, Al Rubaiyn, Firdaus Firdaus, Harisma Harisma Nov 2023

Interpreting Structural Configuration Of The Sengkang Basin Of Indonesia Using Edge Detection And 3-D Euler Deconvolution To Satellite Gravity Data, Jamhir Safani, Khalil Ibrahim, Wa Deni, Al Rubaiyn, Firdaus Firdaus, Harisma Harisma

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

The East Walanae Fault Zone and the West Walanae Fault Zone are the two active fault segments in the south arm of Sulawesi. These fault segments are responsible for the formation of the Sengkang Basin. This geological complexity makes the Sengkang Basin a very interesting area to study. This research aims to (1) identify basin boundaries and lithological contacts; (2) estimate the positions of fault segments; and (3) model the basement beneath the Sengkang Basin. The free-air gravity anomaly from the GGMPlus dataset is employed and then corrected using Bouguer and terrain corrections to provide the complete Bouguer gravity anomaly …

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Middle Eocene Alveolina-Dominated Benthic Foraminiferal Assemblages Of The Western Flank Of The Isparta Angle (Sw Türkiye): Taxonomy, Biostratigraphy, Microfacies Analysis, And Paleoenvironmental Implications, Alper Bozkurt, Muhi̇tti̇n Görmüş, Banu Türkmen Bozkurt Nov 2023

Middle Eocene Alveolina-Dominated Benthic Foraminiferal Assemblages Of The Western Flank Of The Isparta Angle (Sw Türkiye): Taxonomy, Biostratigraphy, Microfacies Analysis, And Paleoenvironmental Implications, Alper Bozkurt, Muhi̇tti̇n Görmüş, Banu Türkmen Bozkurt

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

Middle Eocene formations of the western part of the Isparta Angle contain abundant larger benthic foraminifera (LBF). Twelve species belonging to the genus Alveolina, including A. callosa, A. fragilis, A. aff. fusiformis, A. gigantea, A. cf. gigantea, A. hottingeri, A. kieli, A. levantina, A. nuttalli, A. cf. obtusa, A. stipes, and A. tenuis have been identified throughout the two measured sections from Dinar and Çardak (SW Türkiye). The investigated assemblages, consisting also of nummulitids, orthophragminids, textulariids, rotaliids, and miliolids, allow us to assign the Suçıkan section to shallow benthic zone 13 (SBZ13) and the Karabayır section to SBZ17. Based on …

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Geothermal Play Fairway Analysis, Part 1: Example From The Snake River Plain, Idaho, John W. Shervais, Jacob Deangelo, Jonathan M. Glen, Dennis L. Nielson, Sabodh Garg, Patrick Dobson, Erika Gasperikova, Eric Sonnenthal, Lee M. Liberty, Dennis L. Newell, Drew Siler, James P. Evans Nov 2023

Geothermal Play Fairway Analysis, Part 1: Example From The Snake River Plain, Idaho, John W. Shervais, Jacob Deangelo, Jonathan M. Glen, Dennis L. Nielson, Sabodh Garg, Patrick Dobson, Erika Gasperikova, Eric Sonnenthal, Lee M. Liberty, Dennis L. Newell, Drew Siler, James P. Evans

Geosciences Faculty Publications

The Snake River Plain (SRP) volcanic province overlies the track of the Yellowstone hotspot, a thermal anomaly that extends deep into the mantle. Most of the area is underlain by a basaltic volcanic province that overlies a mid-crustal intrusive complex, which in turn provides the long-term heat flux needed to sustain geothermal systems. Previous studies have identified several known geothermal resource areas within the SRP. For the geothermal study presented herein, our goals were to: (1) adapt the methodology of Play Fairway Analysis (PFA) for geothermal exploration to create a formal basis for its application to geothermal systems, (2) assemble …

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Evaluating 3 Decades Of Precipitation In The Upper Colorado River Basin From A High-Resolution Regional Climate Model, William Rudisill, Alejandro Flores, Rosemary Carroll Nov 2023

Evaluating 3 Decades Of Precipitation In The Upper Colorado River Basin From A High-Resolution Regional Climate Model, William Rudisill, Alejandro Flores, Rosemary Carroll

Geosciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

Convection-permitting regional climate models (RCMs) have recently become tractable for applications at multi-decadal timescales. These types of models have tremendous utility for water resource studies, but better characterization of precipitation biases is needed, particularly for water-resource-critical mountain regions, where precipitation is highly variable in space, observations are sparse, and the societal water need is great. This study examines 34 years (1987–2020) of RCM precipitation from the Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF; v3.8.1), using the Climate Forecast System Reanalysis (CFS; CFSv2) initial and lateral boundary conditions and a 1 km × 1 km innermost grid spacing. The RCM is centered …

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Quantifying Co2 And Heat Fluxes At Roosevelt Hot Springs, Hydrothermal Area, Samantha R. Wolf Nov 2023

Quantifying Co2 And Heat Fluxes At Roosevelt Hot Springs, Hydrothermal Area, Samantha R. Wolf

Earth and Planetary Sciences ETDs

Roosevelt Hot Springs is an actively producing hydrothermal system that has been extensively studied by field, geophysical and geochemical techniques since the 1970’s. Roosevelt Hot Springs sits at the western base of the Mineral Mountains in Utah, an area that has formed because of many volcanic, thermal and structural events since the late Oligocene. The work in this manuscript is the first of its kind to incorporate measurements of spring-based CO2 fluxes with diffuse measurements to quantify the total CO2 Flux in tons per day of a Basin and Range and Colorado Plateau Transition Zone-hosted hydrothermal system. Using …

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Palynology Of The Gulf Of Mexico Stones Field Well Wr 508 #1: New Biostratigraphic And Environmental Data Of A Deepwater Wilcox Group, Barry G. Boler Nov 2023

Palynology Of The Gulf Of Mexico Stones Field Well Wr 508 #1: New Biostratigraphic And Environmental Data Of A Deepwater Wilcox Group, Barry G. Boler

LSU Master's Theses

Palynological analyses of Late Paleocene to Early Eocene drill cutting samples from the deepwater Wilcox Group in the northern Gulf of Mexico were analyzed to provide Paleocene/Eocene environmental data and to create a biosteering scheme to be used for future Gulf of Mexico exploration. Fifty-three drill cutting samples were analyzed from Walker Ridge (WR) 508 #1 in the Stones field, with a measured depth ranging from 8,056 to 8,723 m. These samples yielded mainly low diversity terrestrial assemblages dominated by pollen belonging to the Betulaceae, Myricaceae, Cupressaceae/Taxodiaceae and Juglandaceae families. This denotes an environment quite similar to what is found …

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Late Cretaceous Ophiolite Emplacement And Cenozoic Collisional Tectonics In The Northern Uae: Insights From Broadband Magnetotelluric Data, Biruk Abera Cherkose Nov 2023

Late Cretaceous Ophiolite Emplacement And Cenozoic Collisional Tectonics In The Northern Uae: Insights From Broadband Magnetotelluric Data, Biruk Abera Cherkose

Thesis/ Dissertation Defenses

The Late Cretaceous obduction of the Semail Ophiolite onto the rifted passive Arabian margin and the Cenozoic collisional tectonics with the final closure of the Neotethys Ocean are major contributors to the present-day crustal architecture of the northern United Arab Emirates. The emplacement of the Semail Ophiolite and the progressive accretion of the underlying thrust sheets onto the previous Arabian rifted margin in the Cenomanian resulted in lithospheric flexure of the Arabian Platform and led to the formation of a Foreland basin adjacent to the mountain belt in the United Arab Emirates and Oman. Tectonic stacking of the foreland sediments …

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Inhibition Of Chromium(Iii) Oxidation Through Manganese(Iv) Oxide Passivation And Iron(Ii) Abiotic Reduction, Miranda L. Aiken, Macon J. Abernathy, Michael V. Schaefer, Ilkeun Lee, Samantha C. Ying Nov 2023

Inhibition Of Chromium(Iii) Oxidation Through Manganese(Iv) Oxide Passivation And Iron(Ii) Abiotic Reduction, Miranda L. Aiken, Macon J. Abernathy, Michael V. Schaefer, Ilkeun Lee, Samantha C. Ying

Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research

Manganese (Mn) oxides are strong oxidants that are ubiquitous in soils and can oxidize redox-active metals, including chromium (Cr). In soil environments, trivalent chromium (Cr(III)) is a benign, immobile micronutrient, whereas the hexavalent Cr(VI) form is present as a highly mobile, toxic chromate oxyanion. Although many studies have characterized the capacity of Mn(III/IV) oxides to oxidize Cr(III) to toxic Cr(VI), the oxidative capacity of Mn oxides in the presence of potentially passivating soil constituents, specifically reduced soluble iron (Fe(II)aq), remains unresolved. We hypothesized that chemical processes at redox interfaces, such as diffusion-limited environments within soil aggregates, can lead to decreased …

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Opening Speech, Ray Smith Nov 2023

Opening Speech, Ray Smith

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

https://youtu.be/CbRcQzf5z0o?si=ESOHxXF-jFsYMw2A

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Biodiversity—The Birds And The Bees And Healthy Grasslands, D. Borrenpohl, Pat D. Keyser Nov 2023

Biodiversity—The Birds And The Bees And Healthy Grasslands, D. Borrenpohl, Pat D. Keyser

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Losses in biodiversity abound in modern agroecosystems, and biodiversity loss hampers ecosystem function and primary productivity comparable to abiotic stress. One of the most endangered ecosystems in the world is North American tallgrass prairie, and native birds and pollinators that historically depended on tallgrass prairie are in precipitous decline. Fortunately, native warm-season grasses that dominated tallgrass prairie present a valuable opportunity for summer forage to beef producers in the Eastern United States—a time when coolseason grasses endure a lack in productivity called the “summer slump.” Tallgrass prairie was sustained by periodic disturbance from grazing and fire, and combining fire and …

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The Soil Health Properties Of Native Grasslands, C. Bitler, Pat Keyser Nov 2023

The Soil Health Properties Of Native Grasslands, C. Bitler, Pat Keyser

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Due to an increased interest in soil health and the role soils can have in carbon sequestration, native grasslands are getting heightened attention. Native grasslands are known for their deep top-soils that develop over time through the accumulation of soil organic matter. The deep and fibrous root systems that make up two-thirds of the biomass of native grasslands are the primary contributors to the soil organic carbon (SOC) content of grassland soils. Increased SOC content has a cascading effect on soil health metrics through increasing water infiltration and water holding capacity, supporting diverse and abundant soil microbial life, and improving …

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