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2020

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Articles 3121 - 3150 of 3204

Full-Text Articles in Earth Sciences

Anatomy Of The Magmatic Plumbing System Of Los Humeros Caldera (Mexico): Implications For Geothermal Systems., Federico Lucci, Gerardo Carrasco-Nuñez, Federico Rossetti, Thomas Theye, John C. White, Stefano Urbani, Hossein Azzizi, Yosihiro Asahara, Guido Giordano Jan 2020

Anatomy Of The Magmatic Plumbing System Of Los Humeros Caldera (Mexico): Implications For Geothermal Systems., Federico Lucci, Gerardo Carrasco-Nuñez, Federico Rossetti, Thomas Theye, John C. White, Stefano Urbani, Hossein Azzizi, Yosihiro Asahara, Guido Giordano

EKU Faculty and Staff Scholarship

Understanding the anatomy of magma plumbing systems of active volcanoes is essential not only for unraveling magma dynamics and eruptive behaviors but also to define the geometry, depth, and temperature of the heat sources for geothermal exploration. The Pleistocene–Holocene Los Humeros volcanic complex is part of the eastern Trans- Mexican Volcanic Belt (central Mexico), and it constitutes one of the most important exploited geothermal fields in Mexico with ca. 90MWof produced electricity. With the aim to decipher the anatomy (geometry and structure) of the magmatic plumbing system feeding the geothermal field at Los Humeros, we carried out a field-based petrological …


Real-Time Urban Weather Observations For Urban Air Mobility, Kevin A. Adkins, Mustafa Akbas, Marc Compere Jan 2020

Real-Time Urban Weather Observations For Urban Air Mobility, Kevin A. Adkins, Mustafa Akbas, Marc Compere

International Journal of Aviation, Aeronautics, and Aerospace

Cities of the future will have to overcome congestion, air pollution and increasing infrastructure cost while moving more people and goods smoothly, efficiently and in an eco-friendly manner. Urban air mobility (UAM) is expected to be an integral component of achieving this new type of city. This is a new environment for sustained aviation operations. The heterogeneity of the urban fabric and the roughness elements within it create a unique environment where flight conditions can change frequently across very short distances. UAM vehicles with their lower mass, more limited thrust and slower speeds are especially sensitive to these conditions. Since …


Paleoecology Of Bivalves In The Carmel Formation (Middle Jurassic, Bajocian) Of Utah, Evan L. Shadbolt Jan 2020

Paleoecology Of Bivalves In The Carmel Formation (Middle Jurassic, Bajocian) Of Utah, Evan L. Shadbolt

Senior Independent Study Theses

The Carmel Formation of the Middle Jurassic has many mysteries. One of these enigmas is its bivalves. The formation contains the famous oyster balls called ostreoliths. Despite bivalves making up 80 percent of the fossils found in the Carmel Formation, it is not understood how the bivalves lived in this community. The formation is located in southwestern and central Utah. It was deposited when an epicontinental seaway covered most of Utah. The paleoclimate of Utah was hot and dry, which meant that the environment was evaporite heavy. This also meant that the seawater at the southernmost extent of the seaway …


Paleoenvironments Containing Coryphodon In The Fort Union And Willwood Formations Spanning The Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (Petm), Bighorn Basin, Wyoming, Emily N. Randall Jan 2020

Paleoenvironments Containing Coryphodon In The Fort Union And Willwood Formations Spanning The Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (Petm), Bighorn Basin, Wyoming, Emily N. Randall

Senior Independent Study Theses

Preliminary data point toward a new hypothesis in which Coryphodon lived in wetter habitats before the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM), but was able to adapt to drier habitats in order to survive post-PETM. Early Paleogene nonmarine strata are extensively exposed in the Bighorn Basin of northwestern Wyoming. The Fort Union and Willwood Formations represent alluvial deposition within a Laramide Basin formed from the Paleocene through early Eocene. Therefore, the basin is an ideal place to study the local effects of the PETM, a rapid global warming event that occurred about 55.5 million years ago at the Paleocene–Eocene boundary. During this …


Atmospheric And Ionospheric Responses To Acoustic And Gravity Waves Driven By Earthquakes And Tsunamis, Pavel A. Inchin Jan 2020

Atmospheric And Ionospheric Responses To Acoustic And Gravity Waves Driven By Earthquakes And Tsunamis, Pavel A. Inchin

Doctoral Dissertations and Master's Theses

Natural hazards (NHs) are causes for significant concern due to their potentially catastrophic impacts on society. The study of their effects on the upper atmosphere can provide significant insight into the coupled nature of geophysical processes, and drives important applications for radio communication and navigation, leading potentially to the development of NH early-warning systems. Although general concepts underlying their coupling mechanisms are well understood, recent computational capabilities, supported by high temporal and spatial density of observations, have reached the level where such processes can be modeled with unprecedented realism for detailed case studies. The studies provided in this thesis are …


Hydromorphological Changes Of Chi River, Mueang District, Khon Kaen Province, Pawat Wattanachareekul Jan 2020

Hydromorphological Changes Of Chi River, Mueang District, Khon Kaen Province, Pawat Wattanachareekul

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

This thesis focuses on the analysis of hydrology coupled with geomorphology for river management such as flood mitigation and river restoration. Morphological Quality Index (MQI) is used for assessing hydro-morphological conditions from part of the Chi River (67 km long) at Khon Kaen province, a major river in north-eastern Thailand. This study area has been suffering from unexpected and repeated flooding. MQI is applied to evaluate the degree of hydro-morphological alteration in terms of relative scores (from 0 to 1). Basically, in case that MQI score equals 1, it means the area has no any alteration. On the other hand, …


Geology And Petrochemistry Of Volcanic Rocks In The Lam Sonthi Area, Lop Buri Province, Saowaphap Uthairat Jan 2020

Geology And Petrochemistry Of Volcanic Rocks In The Lam Sonthi Area, Lop Buri Province, Saowaphap Uthairat

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Lam Sonthi area is in Lop Buri province, central Thailand. Stratigraphically, the geology of the area consists of five rocks units; Unit I: Khao Ruak siltstone which is correlated to Khao Luak Formation (Early Permian), Unit II: Khao Phaeng Ma conglomerate, Unit III: Khao Ruak volcanics, Unit IV: Lam Sonthi polymictic conglomerate, and Unit V: Kuttaphet sandstone which is correlated to Phu Kradung Formation (Early Jurassic). In addition, the volcanic rocks, which are named as Kuttaphet volcanics and Khok Khli volcanics, could be found in the top of Unit IV as the polymictic intermediate breccia. Petrographic classification identifies the volcanic …


Inspection And Evaluation Of Air Filled Void Inside Reinforced Concrete Structure By Non-Destructive Testing Methods, Thanakit Klomkliew Jan 2020

Inspection And Evaluation Of Air Filled Void Inside Reinforced Concrete Structure By Non-Destructive Testing Methods, Thanakit Klomkliew

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Nowadays, almost infrastructure in Thailand are almost reinforced concrete (RC) structure because they are strong and durable enough against environmental changes; nevertheless, the concrete durability will be decreased. The proper concrete integrity survey for potential remedy works is very importance, Thus, this research aims to inspect flaws especially delamination and air-filled void by four Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) methods be composed of 1) ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV), 2) ultrasonic pulse echo (UPE), 3) impact echo (IE), and 4) ground penetrating radar (GPR). Furthermore, this research is separated two parts be consisted of idealized structures simulated defects and a realistic structure. The …


Mineral Inclusions In Sapphire From Basalt - Related Deposit In Southern Vietnam, Vu Doan Thi Anh Jan 2020

Mineral Inclusions In Sapphire From Basalt - Related Deposit In Southern Vietnam, Vu Doan Thi Anh

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Sapphires in Southern Vietnam have been discovered in alluvial deposit derived from Cenozoic basalts. Sample collections for this study were taken from the most significant gem fields including Pleiku, Dak Nong, Di Linh, Binh Thuan, and Krong Nang. Several syngenetic mineral inclusions in these sapphires were classified as alkali feldspar, zircon, ferrocolumbite, pyrochlore, and iron oxides. Mineral chemical characteristics of these inclusions appearred to have evolved from alkaline felsic suite. Oxide mineral inclusions occurred in sapphire included hercynite, wüstite, and ilmenite. Ilmenite ranged in composition between Il49-54He34-40Mt7-10 and Il24-30He36-38Mt35-40 falling in ilmenite-hematite series. Wüstite with nonstoichiometry, (Fe2+0.3-0.9)(Ti3+<0.179Al3+≤0.6Cr3+<0.1 Fe3+≤0.46)£≤0.23O, was usually associated with hercynite inclusion clearly indicating cogenetic sapphire formation. Wüstite and sapphire appeared to have formed from the breakdown reaction of hercynite (hercynite = sapphire+wüstite). Titanohematite series and titanomagnetite series might have crystallized during iron-titanium reequilibration via subsolidus exsolution. U-Pb geochronology of zircon inclusion in these sapphires yielded between 35.5 ± 1.6 Ma (~35 Ma) and 14.73 ± 0.29 Ma (~15 Ma) for Krong Nang sapphire, 5.94 ± 0.13 Ma (~6 Ma) for Binh Thuan and Dak Nong sapphire, and 5.491 ± 0.077 Ma (~5.5 Ma) for Di Linh sapphire. These age constraints relate to the main Cenozoic basaltic eruptions in this region. Crystallization temperature of sapphire formation was estimated at about 561- 7810C using Ti-in-zircon thermometry.


Effects Of Microplastic On Water Flow And Contaminant Transport In Water-Saturated Sand, Siravit Chanprasit Jan 2020

Effects Of Microplastic On Water Flow And Contaminant Transport In Water-Saturated Sand, Siravit Chanprasit

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

After decades of discovery of microplastic contamination over the world, effects of microplastic on organisms have been studied thoroughly, whereas ones on hydrological aspect are yet quite mentioned. As one of major microplastic sinks, soils are inevitable to face a number of microplastics; however, the movement of microplastic through soil and its consequence are still unknown. Then this research would be focusing on effects of microplastic contamination in soil sediment on hydraulic and transport parameters. Hydraulic conductivity (K), distribution coefficient (Kd), and dispersion coefficient (D) are the main parameters to be measured. The column experiment in column of diameter 7 …


ปัจจัยที่ส่งผลต่อการตัดสินใจบริจาคโลหิตของประชากรกลุ่มเจเนอเรชั่นวายในกรุงเทพมหานคร ในสถานการณ์การระบาดของโรคโควิด-19, ภูษณิศา นวลตา Jan 2020

ปัจจัยที่ส่งผลต่อการตัดสินใจบริจาคโลหิตของประชากรกลุ่มเจเนอเรชั่นวายในกรุงเทพมหานคร ในสถานการณ์การระบาดของโรคโควิด-19, ภูษณิศา นวลตา

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

งานวิจัยนี้เป็นการวิจัยเชิงสำรวจ (Survey research) มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อศึกษาระดับความรู้ การรับรู้ ทัศนคติ แรงจูงใจ ความกังวลต่อการระบาดของโรคโควิด-19 พฤติกรรมการใช้สื่อ และการตัดสินใจบริจาคโลหิตของประชากรกลุ่มเจเนอเรชั่นวาย ในกรุงเทพมหานคร ในสถานการณ์การระบาดของโรคโควิด-19 และเพื่อหาความสัมพันธ์ของระดับความรู้ การรับรู้ ทัศนคติ แรงจูงใจ ความกังวลต่อการระบาดของโรคโควิด-19 และพฤติกรรมการใช้สื่อเกี่ยวกับการบริจาคโลหิตที่มีความสัมพันธ์กับการตัดสินใจบริจาคโลหิต กลุ่มตัวอย่าง คือ ประชากรในกลุ่มเจเนอเรชั่นวาย ในกรุงเทพมหานคร จำนวน 120 คน เครื่องมือในการวิจัย ประกอบด้วย 8 ส่วน คือ 1) แบบสอบถามข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล 2) แบบสอบถามความรู้เกี่ยวกับการบริจาคโลหิต 3) แบบสอบถามการรับรู้เกี่ยวกับการบริจาคโลหิต 4) แบบสอบถามทัศนคติเกี่ยวกับการบริจาคโลหิต 5) แบบสอบถามแรงจูงใจเกี่ยวกับการบริจาคโลหิต 6) แบบสอบถามความกังวลต่อการระบาดของโรคโควิด-19 7) แบบสอบถามพฤติกรรมการใช้สื่อ 8) แบบสอบถามการตัดสินใจบริจาคโลหิต วิเคราะห์ข้อมูลโดยใช้สถิติพรรณนา ได้แก่ ความถี่ ร้อยละ ค่าเฉลี่ย ส่วนเบี่ยงเบนมาตรฐาน และสถิติอนุมาน ได้แก่ การทดสอบค่าไค-สแควร์ (Chi – Square Test : - Test) และวัดระดับความสัมพันธ์โดยใช้สถิติ Cramer’s V ผลการวิจัย พบว่า 1) กลุ่มตัวอย่างส่วนใหญ่มีความรู้อยู่ในระดับปานกลาง, การรับรู้อยู่ในระดับสูง, ทัศนคติอยู่ในระดับสูง, แรงจูงใจอยู่ในระดับสูง, ความกังวลต่อการระบาดของโรคโควิด-19 อยู่ในระดับปานกลาง พฤติกรรมการใช้สื่ออยู่ในระดับต่ำ มีรูปแบบการใช้สื่อสังคมออนไลน์ และการตัดสินใจบริจาคโลหิตของประชากรกลุ่มเจเนอเรชั่นวาย ในกรุงเทพมหานคร ส่วนมากตัดสินใจไม่บริจาคโลหิต ในสถานการณ์การระบาดของโรคโควิด-19 2) จากการศึกษาความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างความรู้ การรับรู้ ทัศนคติ แรงจูงใจ ความกังวลต่อการระบาดของโรคโควิด-19 และพฤติกรรมการใช้สื่อกับการตัดสินใจบริจาคโลหิต พบว่า ความรู้มีความสัมพันธ์กับการตัดสินใจบริจาคโลหิตอย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติที่ระดับ 0.01 (= 23.079, p = 0.000) การรับรู้มีความสัมพันธ์กับการตัดสินใจบริจาคโลหิตอย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติที่ระดับ 0.05 (= 4.532, p …


ผลของโปรแกรมการเรียนรู้แบบบูรณาการในการจัดการภัยพิบัติและอุบัติภัยหมู่ต่อสมรรถนะ ของทหารกองประจำการ: กรณีศึกษา มณฑลทหารบกที่ 21 จังหวัดนครราชสีมา, วีรยุทธ หมื่นบุญมี Jan 2020

ผลของโปรแกรมการเรียนรู้แบบบูรณาการในการจัดการภัยพิบัติและอุบัติภัยหมู่ต่อสมรรถนะ ของทหารกองประจำการ: กรณีศึกษา มณฑลทหารบกที่ 21 จังหวัดนครราชสีมา, วีรยุทธ หมื่นบุญมี

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

การวิจัยครั้งนี้เป็นงานวิจัยแบบกึ่งทดลอง (Quasi-experimental research design) แบบกลุ่มเดียววัดก่อนและหลังการทดลอง (One-group Pretest-posttest Design) เพื่อศึกษาสมรรถนะของทหารกองประจำการหลังการได้รับโปรแกรมการเรียนรู้แบบบูรณาการ ในการจัดการภัยพิบัติและอุบัติภัยหมู่และเพื่อเปรียบเทียบสมรรถนะของทหารกองประจำการก่อนและหลังได้รับโปรแกรมการเรียนรู้ แบบบูรณาการในการจัดการภัยพิบัติและอุบัติภัยหมู่ กลุ่มตัวอย่างในการวิจัยครั้งนี้ คือ ทหารกองประจำการ มณฑลทหารบกที่ 21 จังหวัดนครราชสีมา จำนวน 40 คน คัดเลือกแบบเฉพาะเจาะจง (Purposive Sampling) เข้าร่วมโปรแกรมการเรียนรู้แบบบูรณาการ ในการจัดการภัยพิบัติและอุบัติภัยหมู่ เครื่องมือในการวิจัยประกอบด้วย 1) เครื่องมือที่ใช้ในการรวบรวมข้อมูล ได้แก่ แบบสอบถามข้อมูล ส่วนบุคคล 2) เครื่องมือที่ใช้ในการดำเนินการทดลอง ได้แก่ 2.1) แบบประเมินสมรรถนะของทหารกองประจำการ มีค่าความเที่ยง เท่ากับ .77 และ 2.2) โปรแกรมการเรียนรู้แบบบูรณาการในจัดการภัยพิบัติและอุบัติภัยหมู่ต่อสมรรถนะของทหารกองประจำการ และ 3) เครื่องมือกำกับการทดลอง ได้แก่ แบบทดสอบความรู้ก่อนเรียนและหลังเรียน (Pre-test and Post-test) มีค่าความเที่ยง เท่ากับ .91 วิเคราะห์ข้อมูลโดยใช้ร้อยละ ค่าเฉลี่ย ส่วนเบี่ยงเบนมาตรฐาน และการทดสอบค่าที ผลการวิจัยสรุปว่า 1. สมรรถนะของทหารกองประจำการหลังการได้รับโปรแกรมการเรียนรู้แบบบูรณาการในการจัดการภัยพิบัติและอุบัติภัยหมู่ มีค่าเฉลี่ยคะแนนสูงกว่าก่อนได้รับโปรแกรมการเรียนรู้แบบบูรณาการในการจัดการภัยพิบัติและอุบัติภัยหมู่ อย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติที่ระดับ .05 พบว่า คะแนนสมรรถนะของทหารกองประจำการหลังเข้าร่วมโปรแกรมการเรียนรู้แบบบูรณาการในการจัดการภัยพิบัติและอุบัติภัยหมู่ อยู่ในระดับสูง 2. สมรรถนะของทหารกองประจำการก่อนได้รับโปรแกรมการเรียนรู้แบบบูรณาการในการจัดการภัยพิบัติและอุบัติภัยหมู่ มีค่าคะแนนเฉลี่ย 25.15 ซึ่งพบว่าอยู่ในระดับต่ำ และหลังได้รับโปรแกรมการเรียนรู้แบบบูรณาการในการจัดการภัยพิบัติและอุบัติภัยหมู่ มีค่าคะแนนเฉลี่ย 45.08 ซึ่งพบว่าอยู่ในระดับสูง เมื่อพิจารณาเปรียบเทียบค่าคะแนนเฉลี่ยสมรรถนะของทหารกองประจำการหลังได้รับโปรแกรมการเรียนรู้แบบบูรณาการในการจัดการภัยพิบัติและอุบัติภัยหมู่สูงกว่าก่อนได้รับโปรแกรมการเรียนรู้แบบบูรณาการในการจัดการ ภัยพิบัติและอุบัติภัยหมู่ อย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติที่ระดับ .05 แสดงให้เห็นว่าโปรแกรมการเรียนรู้แบบบูรณาการในการจัดการภัยพิบัติและอุบัติภัยหมู่ตอบสนองต่อสมรรถนะ ของทหารกองประจำการได้มากขึ้น จึงส่งผลให้ค่าคะแนนเฉลี่ยสมรรถนะของทหารกองประจำการสูงขึ้นหลังจากเข้าร่วมโปรแกรมการเรียนรู้แบบบูรณาการในการจัดการภัยพิบัติและอุบัติภัยหมู่


Stratigraphy And Volcanic Facies In Khao Noi Area, Tha Takiap District, Chachoengsao Province, Amporn Chaikam Jan 2020

Stratigraphy And Volcanic Facies In Khao Noi Area, Tha Takiap District, Chachoengsao Province, Amporn Chaikam

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

The Khao Noi volcanics is in Tha Takiap district, Chachoengsao province, eastern Thailand. This volcanics is a part of the Lampang volcanic belt, a potential host rocks for mineralizations, especially gold and antimony epithermal style deposits. Based on field investigation, drill core logging, and petrographic study, the Khao Noi host volcanic sequence has a thickness of at least 150 meters. The sequence can be divided into three units, namely 1) Sedimentary unit (Unit 1), 2) Mafic-intermediate volcanic unit (Unit 2), and 3) Felsic volcanic unit (Unit 3). Unit 1 forms as a basement of the Khao Noi volcanic sequence and …


Factors Affecting The 2019 Atlantic Hurricane Season And The Role Of The Indian Ocean Dipole, Kimberly M. Wood, Philip J. Klotzbach, Jennifer M. Collins, Louis-Philippe Caron, Ryan E. Truchelut, Carl J. Schreck Jan 2020

Factors Affecting The 2019 Atlantic Hurricane Season And The Role Of The Indian Ocean Dipole, Kimberly M. Wood, Philip J. Klotzbach, Jennifer M. Collins, Louis-Philippe Caron, Ryan E. Truchelut, Carl J. Schreck

School of Geosciences Faculty and Staff Publications

The 2019 Atlantic hurricane season exhibited above‐average Accumulated Cyclone Energy—60% of which was produced by Hurricanes Dorian and Lorenzo. Most tropical cyclone (TC) activity was concentrated in a ~6‐week period from late August to early October. During the early part of the season, relatively TC‐unfavorable conditions persisted in the main development region (MDR). The MDR environment became largely favorable in September, followed by an abrupt shift back to less conducive conditions in October coincident with a strongly positive Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD). The IOD produced an El Niño‐like teleconnection pattern observed through 200‐hPa velocity potential anomalies. In the subtropical Atlantic, …


The Prebiotic Provenance Of Semi-Aqueous Solvents, Jennifer L. Lago, Bradley T. Burcar, Nicholas V. Hud, Rio Febrian, Christopher A. Mehta, Paul J. Bracher, Zachary D. Atlas, Matthew A. Pasek Jan 2020

The Prebiotic Provenance Of Semi-Aqueous Solvents, Jennifer L. Lago, Bradley T. Burcar, Nicholas V. Hud, Rio Febrian, Christopher A. Mehta, Paul J. Bracher, Zachary D. Atlas, Matthew A. Pasek

School of Geosciences Faculty and Staff Publications

The numerous and varied roles of phosphorylated organic molecules in biochemistry suggest they may have been important to the origin of life. The prominence of phosphorylated molecules presents a conundrum given that phosphorylation is a thermodynamically unfavorable, endergonic process in water, and most natural sources of phosphate are poorly soluble. We recently demonstrated that a semi-aqueous solvent consisting of urea, ammonium formate, and water (UAFW) supports the dissolution of phosphate and the phosphorylation of nucleosides. However, the prebiotic feasibility and robustness of the UAFW system are unclear. Here, we study the UAFW system as a medium in which phosphate minerals …


Utilizing Ecological Niche Modelling To Predict Habitat Suitability Of Eastern Equine Encephalitis In Florida, Claire Burch, Rebecca Loraamm, Thomas R. Unnasch, Joni A. Downs Jan 2020

Utilizing Ecological Niche Modelling To Predict Habitat Suitability Of Eastern Equine Encephalitis In Florida, Claire Burch, Rebecca Loraamm, Thomas R. Unnasch, Joni A. Downs

School of Geosciences Faculty and Staff Publications

Eastern Equine Encephalitis virus (EEEV) is a virus found predominantly east of the Mississippi River in the United States that can be fatal to both equines and humans. The disease has previously been most prolific in states like Florida, but there has been an increase in the prevalence in other states further up north on the east coast of the United States in recent years. The purpose of this research is to use the ecological niche modelling program Maxent to model EEEV habitat suitability probability. This research utilized data of fatality incidence in equine hosts, versus sentinel chicken infection data, …


Optimizing Arbovirus Surveillance Using Risk Mapping And Coverage Modelling, Joni A. Downs, Mehrdad Vaziri, George Deskins, William Kellner, Kristi M. Miley, Thomas R. Unnasch Jan 2020

Optimizing Arbovirus Surveillance Using Risk Mapping And Coverage Modelling, Joni A. Downs, Mehrdad Vaziri, George Deskins, William Kellner, Kristi M. Miley, Thomas R. Unnasch

School of Geosciences Faculty and Staff Publications

Diseases carried by mosquitoes and other arthropods endanger human health globally. Though costly, surveillance efforts are vital for disease control and prevention This paper describes an approach for strategically configuring targeted disease surveillance sites across a study area. The methodology combines risk index mapping and spatial optimization modelling. The risk index is used to identify demand for surveillance, and the maximum covering location problem is used to select a specified number of candidate surveillance sites that covers the maximum amount of risk. The approach is demonstrated using a case study where optimal locations for sentinel surveillance sites are selected for …


A Hydrologic Landscapes Perspective On Groundwater Connectivity Of Depressional Wetlands, Brian P. Neff, Donald O. Rosenberry, Scott G. Leibowitz, Dave M. Mushet, Heather E. Golden, Mark C. Rains, J. R. Brooks, Charles R. Lane Jan 2020

A Hydrologic Landscapes Perspective On Groundwater Connectivity Of Depressional Wetlands, Brian P. Neff, Donald O. Rosenberry, Scott G. Leibowitz, Dave M. Mushet, Heather E. Golden, Mark C. Rains, J. R. Brooks, Charles R. Lane

School of Geosciences Faculty and Staff Publications

Research into processes governing the hydrologic connectivity of depressional wetlands has advanced rapidly in recent years. Nevertheless, a need persists for broadly applicable, non-site-specific guidance to facilitate further research. Here, we explicitly use the hydrologic landscapes theoretical framework to develop broadly applicable conceptual knowledge of depressional-wetland hydrologic connectivity. We used a numerical model to simulate the groundwater flow through five generic hydrologic landscapes. Next, we inserted depressional wetlands into the generic landscapes and repeated the modeling exercise. The results strongly characterize groundwater connectivity from uplands to lowlands as being predominantly indirect. Groundwater flowed from uplands and most of it was …


Tf1.4 Seasonal Floodplain Marshes, D. A. Keith, R. T. Kingsford, R. Mac Nally, B. J. Robson, C. A. Catford, Mark C. Rains, K. Irvine, K. M. Rodriguez-Clark, A. Etter Jan 2020

Tf1.4 Seasonal Floodplain Marshes, D. A. Keith, R. T. Kingsford, R. Mac Nally, B. J. Robson, C. A. Catford, Mark C. Rains, K. Irvine, K. M. Rodriguez-Clark, A. Etter

School of Geosciences Faculty and Staff Publications

No abstract provided.


The Quartz Of Arkansas: Geology, History And Legend, Thomas R. Paradise Jan 2020

The Quartz Of Arkansas: Geology, History And Legend, Thomas R. Paradise

Geosciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

Quartz Crystals has been treasured and utilized through history, and this chapter addresses its many uses, mineralogy, history, and legend over time...


Emotional Response To Climate Change Learning: An Existential Inquiry, Jennifer Hutchinson Jan 2020

Emotional Response To Climate Change Learning: An Existential Inquiry, Jennifer Hutchinson

Antioch University Dissertations & Theses

This qualitative study aims to explore and explain the existential underpinnings of learning about climate change and potential emotional responses to climate change learning. Undergraduate students in environmental sciences and studies classes at the University of Washingrounded theory on in Seattle, WA participated in semi-structured interviews. Participants were asked about their experiences learning about climate change and how they responded emotionally to the learning. This dissertation examines the responses from those interviews and builds a theory out of the data analyzed. Constructivist Grounded theory as outlined by Kathy Charmaz (2014) was used to analyze the interviews. Codes were created and …


Hydrothermal Activity And Seismicity At Teahitia Seamount: Reactivation Of The Society Islands Hotspot?, Christopher R. German, Joseph A. Resing, Guangyu Xu, Isobel A. Yeo, Sharon L. Walker, Colin W. Devey, James W. Moffett, Gregory A. Cutter, Olivier Hyvernaud, Dominique Reymond Jan 2020

Hydrothermal Activity And Seismicity At Teahitia Seamount: Reactivation Of The Society Islands Hotspot?, Christopher R. German, Joseph A. Resing, Guangyu Xu, Isobel A. Yeo, Sharon L. Walker, Colin W. Devey, James W. Moffett, Gregory A. Cutter, Olivier Hyvernaud, Dominique Reymond

OES Faculty Publications

Along mid-ocean ridges, submarine venting has been found at all spreading rates and in every ocean basin. By contrast, intraplate hydrothermal activity has only been reported from five locations, worldwide. Here we extend the time series at one of those sites, Teahitia Seamount, which was first shown to be hydrothermally active in 1983 but had not been revisited since 1999. Previously, submersible investigations had led to the discovery of low-temperature (≤30°C) venting associated with the summit of Teahitia Seamount at ≤1500 m. In December 2013 we returned to the same site at the culmination of the US GEOTRACES Eastern South …


Microplastic Fragment And Fiber Contamination Of Beach Sediments From Selected Sites In Virginia And North Carolina, Usa, Gabrielle Z. Dodson, A. Katrina Shotorban, Patrick G. Hatcher, Derek Waggoner, Sutapa Ghosal, Nora Noffke Jan 2020

Microplastic Fragment And Fiber Contamination Of Beach Sediments From Selected Sites In Virginia And North Carolina, Usa, Gabrielle Z. Dodson, A. Katrina Shotorban, Patrick G. Hatcher, Derek Waggoner, Sutapa Ghosal, Nora Noffke

OES Faculty Publications

Microplastic particles (<5 >mm) constitute a growing pollution problem within coastal environments. This study investigated the microplastic presence of estuarine and barrier island beaches in the states of Virginia and North Carolina, USA. Seventeen sediment cores were collected at four study sites and initially tested for microplastic presence by pyrolysis-gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. For the extraction, microplastic particles were first separated from the sediment using a high-density cesium chloride solution (1.88 g/mL). In a second step, an oil extraction collected the remaining microplastic particles of higher densities. Under the light microscope, the extracted microplastic particles were classified based on their morphologies …


Abiotic Formation Of Dissolved Organic Sulfur In Anoxic Sediments Of Santa Barbara Basin, Hussain A. Abdulla, David J. Burdige, Tomoko Komada Jan 2020

Abiotic Formation Of Dissolved Organic Sulfur In Anoxic Sediments Of Santa Barbara Basin, Hussain A. Abdulla, David J. Burdige, Tomoko Komada

OES Faculty Publications

Sulfurization has been found to enhance organic matter preservation and petroleum formation in marine sediments. However, we do not yet have a comprehensive understanding of sulfurization mechanisms. In this study, we investigated several possible mechanisms of dissolved organic sulfur (DOS) formation in the top 4.5 m of anoxic sediments of Santa Barbara Basin (SBB), California Borderland. Using Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry (FTICR-MS), we identified chemical formulas of potential dissolved organic matter (DOM) precursors to these DOS compounds. We also examined how the formulas of abiotically formed DOS changed as a function of depth across a major redox …


Corrigendum To "Upper Water Structure And Mixed Layer Depth In Tropical Waters: The Seats Station In The Northern South China Sea, Jen-Hua Tai, George T.F. Wong, Xiaoju Pan Jan 2020

Corrigendum To "Upper Water Structure And Mixed Layer Depth In Tropical Waters: The Seats Station In The Northern South China Sea, Jen-Hua Tai, George T.F. Wong, Xiaoju Pan

OES Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.


An Evaluation Of Ground-Freezing Methods In The Zone Of Discontinuous Permafrost, Northwest Territories, Elzbieta Mastej Ms Jan 2020

An Evaluation Of Ground-Freezing Methods In The Zone Of Discontinuous Permafrost, Northwest Territories, Elzbieta Mastej Ms

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Northwestern Canada is one of the most rapidly warming regions on Earth. The southern limit of the discontinuous permafrost zone is highly sensitive to small climatic fluctuations and presently experiencing a rapid landscape change due to accelerated permafrost thaw, which is further exacerbated by anthropogenic disturbances such as seismic exploration. Recent research has begun to examine both natural and mechanical approaches to minimize permafrost loss, although the utility of such methods in peatland environments is not well understood. This study explored the efficiency of natural and artificial ground cooling processes in a peatland environment by evaluating snow exclusion and thermosyphon …


Reconstructing Hydrologic Conditions And Metals Supplied By The Peace River To The Peace-Athabasca Delta, Jelle André Faber Jan 2020

Reconstructing Hydrologic Conditions And Metals Supplied By The Peace River To The Peace-Athabasca Delta, Jelle André Faber

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

The Peace-Athabasca Delta (PAD) in northern Alberta, Canada, is recognized internationally for its ecological, historical, and cultural significance. The delta is mostly within Wood Buffalo National Park, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, and is a Ramsar Wetland of International Importance. The construction of the WAC Bennett Dam (1967) and the Site C Dam (ongoing, 2024) on the Peace River, and expansion of the Alberta Oil Sands industry along the Athabasca River have raised concerns over water quantity and quality in the delta. When industry operations began, effective monitoring had not been implemented. Consequently, pre-industrial reference conditions are unknown and can …


Seismological Investigations Of Lithospheric Structure Beneath The East African Rift System And The Kalahari Craton, Tuo Wang Jan 2020

Seismological Investigations Of Lithospheric Structure Beneath The East African Rift System And The Kalahari Craton, Tuo Wang

Doctoral Dissertations

"In spite of numerous geophysical studies have been conducted in East African Rift System and Southern Africa, the structure and evolution of the crust and upper mantle are still controversial. In this study, we applied multiple seismological techniques to investigate the structure in the crust and uppermost mantle beneath the East African Rift System and Kalahari Craton in southern Africa. First, the technique of ambient noise tomography was applied to image shear wave velocity model from surface to the depth of 40 km beneath the Malawi and Luangwa rift zones. For the first time, a high-resolution 3-D shear wave velocity …


Effect Of Subsurface Microseismicity On The Motion Of Surrounding Dispersed Droplets -- Data, Chao Zeng, Wen Deng Jan 2020

Effect Of Subsurface Microseismicity On The Motion Of Surrounding Dispersed Droplets -- Data, Chao Zeng, Wen Deng

Effect of Subsurface Microseismicity on the Motion of Surrounding Dispersed Droplets – Data

Spreadsheet - Data plotted in Figure 4 and Figure 5

Supporting information


Geophysical Assessment Of The Lake Chesterfield Site, Missouri, Diya Ali Ahmad Alfuqara Jan 2020

Geophysical Assessment Of The Lake Chesterfield Site, Missouri, Diya Ali Ahmad Alfuqara

Doctoral Dissertations

"Since construction of the Lake Chesterfield, Missouri in 1986, significant leaks have occurred causing the lake to lose substantive volumes of water. Mitigation efforts, have not solved the problem. Indeed, in June of 2017, the water level in Lake Chesterfield dropped at an alarmingly rapid rate. Prior to authorizing additional mitigation work, the Lake Chesterfield. Home Owners Association (LCHOA) decided to acquire geophysical data across the drained and dry lake bed. These information would help a geotechnical engineering firm determine the most appropriate mitigation plan.

In the summer of 2018, electrical resistivity tomography, multichannel analysis of surface wave, and spontaneous-potential …