Earth Sciences Commons^™

Tectonic Problems In The Western Part Of Padurea Craiului Massif (Apuseni Mountains) (In Romanian), Ioan Balintoni, Adrian Puște

Studia UBB Geologia

Tectonic Problems in the Western Part of Pădurea Craiului Massif (Apuseni Mts.). Pădurea Craiului Massif belongs to Bihor Unit. The Codru Nappe System overthrusts its South-Western margin. The structures generated in the nappes front, such as folds, faults, fisures, cleavages, suggest a movement direction from South-West toward North-East. This direction differs with 90° relative to transport direction of Biharia Nappe System. The mentioned structures represent a prove for origin of Codru Nappe System from the Meliatic margin of Preapulian Craton.

Late Quaternary Palaeoclimate Reconstruction Based On Clay Minerals Assemblage From Preluca Tiganului (Gutai Mountains, Romania), Lucreția Ghergari, Bogdan P. Onac

Studia UBB Geologia

Several core samples were extracted from the overgrown crater lake of Preluca Tiganului, NW Romania. The overall lithology and the mineral assemblages (mostly clay) described from different levels within these cores, suggest three main periods having humid or dry conditions. Based on these findings, palaeoclimate conditions can be reconstructed the over the time period spanning 15,000 to 13,500 cal. years BP.

Structural Researches In The Eastern Carpathians (In Romanian), I. Balintoni, U. Baier

Studia UBB Geologia

Structural Researches in the Eastern Carpathians. The Alpine mesoscopic lineations in the East Carpathians metamorphics, are NW-SE orientated. A few lineations, nearly E-W orientated, could be proved as pre-Alpine in age. Within the Ditrău Massif, is conserved a pre-Alpine attitude of foliations, as frozen magmatic flow, along the metamorphic pre-Triassic fabric. The lineation directions were conditioned by the Cretaceous-Tertiary contractional elimination of the External Carpathian Flysch Basin.

In Memorium, Vlad Codrea, Ioan Bucur, Constantin Ianoliu, Iustinian Petrescu

Studia UBB Geologia

No abstract provided.

Evolution De La Biosphère Et Événements Géologiques, Ioan I. Bucur

Studia UBB Geologia

No abstract provided.

Considerations Sur La Limite Dacien-Romanien, Constantin Enache, Ion PăTruțoiu

Studia UBB Geologia

An approach to the Dacian-Romanian limit. The aim of this study is to emphasize the idea’s evolution related to the Dacian-Romanian limit in Oltenia, and to emphasize some conclusions on this problem. The magnetostratigraphic studies shown the presence of the Gauss-Gilbert limit between the XIth and XIIth coal seams. This limit can be paralelised to the Dacian-Romanian boundary. The Cochiti event corresponds to seams VIIth and VIIIth, and can be designated as the boundary between the Parscovian and Siensian.

Lithostratigraphy Of The Miocene Deposits In The Eastern Part Of Borod Basin (North-Western Of Romania), Mirela Popa

Studia UBB Geologia

The paper presents the lithostratigraphic units of the Miocene deposits in the eastern part of Borod Basin. Four lithostratigraphic units were defined (Borod Formation, Cornitel Formation - including Borozel Member - and Beznea Formation) according to the recommendations of the International Stratigraphic Guide.

Badenian Mollusks From Rachitova (Hateg Depression, Romania), Mirela Popa, Constantin Ianoliu

Studia UBB Geologia

The paper presents in systematic order the mollusk assemblage collected from one outcrop on Lacului Brook (left tributary to Răchitova Valley). There were identified 33 taxa (22 gastropods, 9 bivalves and 2 scaphopods) and the whole assemblage is characteristic to the Badenian deposits in the studied area.

The Presence Of Lower Miocene (Eggenburgian) In Borehole 575 Cetea (East Of Borod Basin, Nw Romania), I. Petrescu, M. Popa, N. Bican-Brișan

Studia UBB Geologia

The microfloral record evidenced in borehole 575 Cetea is very rich, consisting of 114 taxa, some of them being new species for the Tertiary of Romania. At the same time, it includes species of Eggenburgian age of the host rocks. The whole microflora assemblage suggests a forest-type vegetation developed in a warm, subtropical climate, characteristic for the Eggenburgian age of the Early Miocene. The Eggenburgian of Romania shows the same microfloral features as the Eggenburgian of Central Paratethys.

Upper Jurassic - Lower Cretaceous Deposits In The South-Western Part Of Padurea Craiului. Formal Lithostratigraphic Units, Ioan Cociuba

Studia UBB Geologia

The paper describes the Upper Jurassic – Lower Cretaceous deposits of the Bihor Unit from Pădurea Craiului Mountains, according to the International Stratigraphic Guide. All the previously described formations are included; besides, new formations are defined in case of deposits which were not previously described in agreement with this code. The Upper Jurassic units here described are Vad, Cornet, Aştileu, and Albioara Formations (the last one divided into Secătura and Valea Cuţilor Members). The corresponding Lower Cretaceous units are: Blid Formation (divided into Dobreşti and Coposeni Members), Ecleja Formation (partly divided into Gugu and Valea Bobdei Members), Valea Măgurii, and …

New Data Concerning The Age Of Mesozoic Limestone From Scarisoara (Bihor Mountains), Ioan I. Bucur, Bogdan P. Onac

Studia UBB Geologia

Microfacies and micropalaeontologic studies on some limestone samples collected within the Scărişoara Glacier Cave are presented. The investigation pointed out that the age of the limestone around Scărişoara Cave is of Upper Jurassic (Kimmeridgian) age and not Triassic as it was considered in most of the studies.

Badenian (Middle Miocene) Calcareous Nannofossils From Paglisa (Cluj District): Biostratigraphical Importance, Carmen Chira, Erika Szabo, Constantin Ianoliu

Studia UBB Geologia

The calcareous nannofossils from the Middle Miocene (Badenian) formations from Pâglişa (Cluj district) are typical for the Lower and Middle Badenian, respectivelly Moravian and Wielician (or Langhian). The detailed study of the calcareous nannofossils from the Pâglişa section revealed the presence of the nannoplankton assemblages belonging to the NN5 and NN6 zones. They have been remarked 40 species of calcareous nannofossils. There are mentioned especially the most representative species and their biostratigraphical significance.

Genesis Of Magmatic Derived Ore Deposits. 4 – Hydrothermal Metallogeny (Geneza Zăcămintelor De Origine Magmatică. 4 – Metalogenia Hidrotermală); A Şti Sau A Nu Şti. Adevărurile Vieţii Lui Emil Racoviţă, CăLin G. TăMas̡, Bogdan Petroniu Onac

Studia UBB Geologia

No abstract provided.

Heavy Metal Soil Content As An Indicator Of Pollution, Ana-Maria Rusu, William Dubbin, Nicolae Har, Katalin Bartok, William Purvis, Ben Williamson

Studia UBB Geologia

Two soil sample series were collected from 7 contaminated sites situated along a transect from the pollutant source, Zlatna copper ore-processing plant, and analyzed using different analytical methods. The soils collected in 1998 were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) after extraction with DTPA for trace metals and those collected in 1999 were analyzed with flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) following two acid digestion procedures. The DTPA extraction procedure produced lower results than the acid digestions. Also, the pH values for all samples was measured and the results obtained during autumn compared with those in spring after a …

Minerale Geme Asociate Genetic Ofiolitelor Mezozoice Si Gheizeritelor Neogene, Din Muntii Apuseni De Sud, Ioan MâRza, Ciprian Constantina

Studia UBB Geologia

The paper studies the geological formations of the Geoagiu- Hărţăgani- Vălişoara- Brad region (Southern Apuseni Mountains) focusing on the content in gems minerals. Based on the field and laboratory reasearch, several perimeters of geological interest have been identified: Luncoiu Valley- Lunga Valley, Vălişoara Valley- Orăzii Valley, Baiţa-Crăciuneşti, Hărţăgani and Sanatoriu (Brad). Geologically, the minerals of gem quality (quartz, chalcedony, jasper) and they associate genetically and spatially with ophiolites, with the exception of the Brad silicolite- gems which represent geyserites generated by the neogene volcanism.

Precise U-Pb Zircon Dating Of The Syenite Phase From The Ditrau Alkaline Igneous Complex, Dinu Pană, Ioan Balintoni, Larry Heaman

Studia UBB Geologia

The Ditrău igneous complex represents the largest alkaline intrusion in the Carpathian-Pannonian region consisting of a plethora of rock types formed by complicated magmatic and metasomatic processes. A detailed U-Pb zircon age study is currently underway and the results for the syenite intrusion phase is reported herein. The U-Pb zircon emplacement age of the syenite of 229.6 +1.7/-1.2 Ma documents the quasi-contemporaneous production and emplacement of the gabbro and syenite magmas. We suggest that the syenite and associated granite formed by crustal melting during the emplacement of the mantle derived gabbroic magma around 230 Ma. The thermal contact aureole produced …

New Data Concerning Mn Bearing Minerals From Rosia Montana, Metaliferi Mountains, Romania, Marcel Benea, Laurent Bailly, CăLin G. TăMaș

Studia UBB Geologia

The paper gives new evidences on some mineral species from Romanian epithermal ore deposits. Microprobe analyses were used to identify the chemical composition of gangue and alteration minerals from Roşia Montană gold deposit. Special attention was given to rhodonite, rhodochrosite, and adularia.

Major Elements Geochemistry Of The Breiner Baiut Ore Deposit (Gutai Mountains, Eastern Carpathians), Dan Costin

Studia UBB Geologia

The Breiner Băiuţ epithermal vein – type deposit is basically a base metal ore body with important amounts of gold and silver. The frequency distribution pattern of the major elements (Au, Ag, Pb, Zn, Cu, S) is complex in many cases, but at some mining levels it is lognormal. The correlation coefficient "r" has been calculated for six pairs of major elements. The values are positive and indicate strong correlations between these elements. The average grades values for each major element at all levels have been used to highlight the vertical variation of chemistry of the mineralization. The ore body …

Geologic And Isotopic Models For The Carpathian Crystalline Evolution, Ioan Coriolan Balintoni

Studia UBB Geologia

The majority of Carpathian metamorphics protoliths have TDM model Sm/Nd ages between 1.6 and 2.0 Ga. This suggests an important episode of continental crust formation after the 2.0 Ga. The Biharia lithogroup (Apuseni Mountains) and the Tulghes lithogroup (East Carpathians) furnished Zircon U/Pb ages from metagranitoids and acid metavolcanics, respective, around 500 Ma; this is a sign of existence of some Lower Proterozoic protoliths among Carpathian metamorphics. The bimodal intrusions which are piercing the volcano-sedimentary sequence of Paiuseni lithogroup in Highiş Massif (Apuseni Mountains) have given Permian ages on Zircon U/Pb data. The Paiuseni lithogroup probably represents the fill of …

Diffusion Coronas Around Quartz Xenocrysts In Basaltic Andesite From Capus (Cionca Hill, Gilau Mountains - Romania), Nicolae Har, Ana-Maria Rusu

Studia UBB Geologia

Diffusion coronas consisting of Al – poor pyroxene (augite), glass and silica polymorphs are developed around the quartz xenocrysts in the olivine basaltic andesite from Cionca Hill (Gilău Mountains). The quartz of xenolitic origin was magmatically corroded and sometimes reacted with the basaltic melt. According to the time of coexistence between quartz and the basaltic melt, two different spatial disposition of the pyroxene of reaction can be noticed. For a shorter reaction time the Al – poor pyroxene are commonly tangentially to the quartz rim while for the crystals which presumably had longer reaction time the pyroxene are radially from …

Date Noi Privind Compozitia Mineralogica A Siltului Lutitic De La Dumbrava, Judetul Cluj (New Mineralogical Data On The Clayey Silt From Dumbrava (Cluj County), Lucreția Ghergari, Corina Ionescu, Cristina Mariș

Studia UBB Geologia

New Mineralogical Data on the Clayey Silt from Dumbrava (Cluj County). New mineralogical data on the lutitic silt occurrence from the Dumbrava (Cluj County, Romania), based on TEM and X-ray diffraction studies, are presented in the paper. Mainly kaolinite, and subordinately illite and illite/montmorillonite represent the mineralogical compounds of the clayey fraction of the rock. The lutitic silt represents a local facies, sedimented in subaquatic environments (a small lake or pool) after a short-distance transport from the sources. The source for the brown clays was probably a paleosoil formed nearby magmatic rocks. The source for the light coloured clays (creamy …

Igneous Protoliths Of The Biharia Lithotectonic Assemblage: Timing Of Intrusion, Geochemical Considerations, Tectonic Setting, Dinu Pană, Ioan Balintoni

Studia UBB Geologia

The oldest U/Pb isotopic age data for the Apuseni Mountains were determined from the Biharia meta-igneous assemblage. Two granitoid bodies yielded 489,6 ± 6,9 Ma and 502 ± 4,2 Ma ages. The geochemical data suggest an island arc tectonic setting for the Biharia meta-igneous protholits.

01 Southern Hemisphere Tropical Cyclone Climatology, Yuriy Kuleshov

Modern Climatology

Southern Hemisphere Tropical Cyclone Climatology:

Each year, around 80 tropical cyclones (TCs) form around the world, with about one-third of them in the Southern Hemisphere (SH) (Gray, 1979). Tropical cyclones within the South Indian Ocean (SIO) and the South Pacific Ocean (SPO) are frequent and intense, and they dramatically affect maritime navigation and the lives of communities in coastal areas. Australia and the island nations are affected each year by TCs. In extreme cases they can have devastating consequences on life, property and the economic well-being of the communities directly affected and the country as a whole, as in the …

12 On The Relationship Between Boundary Layer Convergence And Cloud-To-Ground Lightning, Michael L. Gauthier

Modern Climatology

It is generally accepted that significant electrification, and subsequent lightning generation, in clouds is attained via non-inductive charging (NIC) when sufficient numbers of ice crystals collide with graupel particles in the presence of supercooled liquid water [e.g. Saunders et al., 1991; Jayaratne et al., 1983; Takahashi, 1978]. As these particle scale interactions are driven by vertical motions it can be argued that, under appropriate thermodynamical and microphysical conditions, any process that enhances updraft strength should also enhance the storms ability to generate lightning. Constrained by mass continuity, updrafts leading to deep moist convection are necessarily associated with sub-cloud horizontal mass …

14 Rainfall Prediction Using Teleconnection Patterns Through The Application Of Artificial Neural Networks, Gholam Abbas Fallah-Ghalhari

Modern Climatology

All aspects of human life are, directly or indirectly, affected by climatic processes. This effect is especially noticeable in such fields as agriculture, irrigation, economy, telecommunications, transportation, traffic, air pollution and military industries (Haltiner & Williams 1980). A number of researchers have studied the possibility of forecasting rainfall several months in advance using climate indices such as SOI, PDOI and NPI (e.g. Silverman and Dracup 2000). A well-known atmospheric phenomenon is the Southern Oscillation (SO). The SO is an atmospheric see-saw process in the tropical Pacific sea level pressure between the eastern and western hemispheres associated with the El Niño …

13 Synthesizing High-Resolution Climatological Wind Fields With A Mesoscale Atmospheric Boundary Layer Model Forced With Local Weather Observations, Guillermo J. Berri

Modern Climatology

The region of the La Plata River in southeastern South America (see Fig. 1) concentrates important economic and social activities since one third of the population of Argentina and more than one half the population of Uruguay live there. Large urban complexes, different commercial activities and important industries are located along its shores. In addition, the La Plata River and its tributary the Paraná River are main ship tracks with some of the largest ports of the southern cone of South America. Therefore, the region is of vital importance for the two countries. The La Plata River is a large …

10 Cenozoic Climatic Record For Monsoonal Rainfall Over The Indian Region, Mohan Kuppusamy, Prosenjit Ghosh

Modern Climatology

Atmospheric carbon dioxide level is one of the major drivers responsible for the global temperature change (Lacis et al., 2010). The role of carbon dioxide as an important greenhouse gas, and its contribution towards regulation of global surface temperature has been recognized for over a century (Arrhenius, 1896; Chamberlin, 1899; Royer, 2006). The ice core records along with other proxy based records provides an evidence signifying a strong coupling between CO2 and global temperature for at least the last ~65 m.y. (million years) (Petit et al., 1999; Siegenthaler et al., 2005, Zachos et al., 2001). The intensification of convective hydrological …

09 Paleotempestology: Reconstructing Atlantic Tropical Cyclone Tracks In The Pre-Hurdat Era, Jill S.M. Coleman, Steven A. Lavoie

Modern Climatology

The study of past tropical cyclone activity by means of geological proxies and/or historical documentary records is known as paleotempestology. This scientific discipline has become prominent over the course of the last decade partially in response to the recent increase in tropical cyclone count and intensity in the North Atlantic basin witnessed since 1995. The field has also developed due to the socioeconomic impacts of tropical cyclones particularly along vulnerable coastal regions. During the twenty-five years prior to the start of the most recent increase in hurricane activity, major (Category 3, 4, or 5) hurricanes were less frequent than in …

08 Spatial And Temporal Variability Of Sea Surface Temperature In The Yellow Sea And East China Sea Over The Past 141 Years, Daji Huang, Xiaobo Ni, Qisheng Tang, Xiaohua Zhu, Dongfeng Xu

Modern Climatology

The Yellow Sea and East China Sea (YES) are marginal seas in the northwest Pacific. There is in fact a smaller sea, the Bohai Sea, to the north of the Yellow Sea. For most discussions in the chapter, we shall treat the Bohai Sea as part of the Yellow Sea. The YES is one of the mostly intensively utilized sea in the world, for example, heavy fishery and marine aquaculture. The use of the YES is closely related to its climate variability, though it is not well-know because until now there has been a lack of adequate observational data. To …

07 Climatology Of The Northern-Central Adriatic Sea, Aniello Russo, Sandro Carniel, Mauro Sclavo, Maja Krzelj

Modern Climatology

It is well know that the ocean processes exert a great influence on global climate as well as affect the local climate of coastal areas (Russo et al., 2002). Within the Mediterranean region (see Fig. 1a), the presence of the Adriatic Sea influences the atmospheric properties of the surrounding regions over long and short time-scales, and has obviously a relevant influence on human activities and ecosystems (Boldrin et al., 2009).