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International Journal of Speleology

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Articles 781 - 810 of 889

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Note On Lepidoptera From Bulgarian Caves, Andrzej Skalski Jan 1971

Note On Lepidoptera From Bulgarian Caves, Andrzej Skalski

International Journal of Speleology

This paper is a report on Lepidoptera collected in 1960 in some caves of the Stara Planina Mountains (Bulgaria). In three caves in the environs of Lakatnik the following species were found: Acrolepia granitella Tr., Acrolepia pulicariae Klim., Autophila limbata Stgr., and Triphosa sabaudiata Dup. Two species (Acrolepia pulicariae Klim. and Autophila limbtia Stgr.) are new for both the cave fauna of Bulgaria and fauna of Bulgaria.

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The Subterranean Fauna Associated With The Blind Palaemonid Prawn Typhlocaris Galilea Calman, Moshe Tsurnamal, Francis Dov Por Jan 1971

The Subterranean Fauna Associated With The Blind Palaemonid Prawn Typhlocaris Galilea Calman, Moshe Tsurnamal, Francis Dov Por

International Journal of Speleology

Exploration of the subterranean tract of the spring of En-Nur (at the North end of Lake Tiberias) by scuba diving and by use of new collecting methods, led to the discovery of a living community associated with the blind prawn Typhlocaris galilea. A rich growth of sulphur bacteria and of pigmentless Cyanophyceae from the trophic basis in this peculiar biotope. Representatives of three hypogeic crustacean orders have been found as well as some peculiar gastropods, nematods and oligocaets. The latter are the main food of Typhlocaris galilea.

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A New Cave Amphipod Crustacea From Japan, Masuzo Uéno Jan 1971

A New Cave Amphipod Crustacea From Japan, Masuzo Uéno

International Journal of Speleology

A new eyeless Amphipod Crustacea 5 mm long was found in Himisé-dò Cave in Tokushima Prefecture, Shikoku. The inner ramus of its third uropod is nearly as long as the unijointed outer ramus. The accessory flagellum of the first antenna consists only of a single joint. The first maxilla is distinctive in its small palp which does not extend beyond the apical margin of the outer plate and bears only an apical seta. In these characteristic features the present form is different from any known species of the genera of the Crangonyx and Hadzia groups and seems to belong to …

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Quaire Nouvelles Bathynella (Crustacea, Syncarida) De Roumanie: De Nouveau Sur Le «Dilemme Bathynella Natans Vejd», Eugène Serban Jan 1971

Quaire Nouvelles Bathynella (Crustacea, Syncarida) De Roumanie: De Nouveau Sur Le «Dilemme Bathynella Natans Vejd», Eugène Serban

International Journal of Speleology

The paper presents the diagnosis of 4 new Bathynella species found in Romania: B. paranatans nov. sp., B. boteai nov. sp., B. motrensis nov. sp. and B. plesai nov. sp.; a discussion on B. cf. scythica Botosàneanu et Damian is also given. The morphological features which were used are the general and the fine structure of the genital pereiopode of the male (Pl. 5—8), the chaetotaxy of the maxillula, maxilla, thoracic appendages, uropods and furca. The presence of the distal (coxal) epipodite on the first pereiopod in B. paranatans nov. sp., distinguishes this species from the others (Pl. 1—4). The …

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Food And Feeding Habits Of The Troglobitic Carabid Beetle Rhadine Subterranea, Robert W. Mitchell Jan 1971

Food And Feeding Habits Of The Troglobitic Carabid Beetle Rhadine Subterranea, Robert W. Mitchell

International Journal of Speleology

Food and feeding habits of a population of the troglobitic carabid beetle Rhadine subterranea inhabiting Beck’s Ranch Cave, Williamson Co., Texas, were investigated. Observational and experimental data demonstrate that a primary food source of this beetle is the eggs of cave crickets (Ceuthophilus spp.). The beetles locate eggs by selective digging into substrata where cave crickets have oviposited. Chemoreception and mechanoreception are important in the location of oviposition sites.

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Preference Responses And Tolerances Of The Troglobitic Carabid Beetle, Rhadine Subterranea, Robert W. Mitchell Jan 1971

Preference Responses And Tolerances Of The Troglobitic Carabid Beetle, Rhadine Subterranea, Robert W. Mitchell

International Journal of Speleology

Studies were made on the preference responses and tolerances of the troglobitic carabid beetle Rhadine subterranea to light, temperature, and relative humidity. The beetles are weakly photonegative and appear to have a strong preference for atmospheres of low saturation deficit. Both these responses seem to be orthokineses. They have a strongly developed temperature sense, and their temperature preferendum shifts seasonally. This response seems to be a klinotaxis. They are neither strongly stenothermal nor stenohygrobic. The preference responses, especially that of temperature, are probably mechanisms tending to restrict the beetles to their habitat. The tolerance data suggest that the epigeum could, …

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A New Species Of The Subterranean Amphipod Genus Allocrangonyx (Gammaridae), With A Redescription Of The Genus And Remarks On Its Zoogeography, John R. Holsinger Jan 1971

A New Species Of The Subterranean Amphipod Genus Allocrangonyx (Gammaridae), With A Redescription Of The Genus And Remarks On Its Zoogeography, John R. Holsinger

International Journal of Speleology

The systematics of the North American, subterranean amphipod genus Allocrangonyx are revised and two species are recognized - A. pellucidus (Mackin) and A. hubrichti, new species. Allocrangonyx is critically compared with the European genus Niphargus and several endemic North American genera of the Crangonyx group. Because of its unique morphological position, Allocrangonyx is removed from the Crangonyx group and placed in the newly designated AlIocrangonyx group. Some factors believed to have influenced speciation within the genus are discussed in some detail.

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Durées De La Mue, De L'Intermue Des Adultes, Et Longévité De Stenasellus Virei Dollfus (Crustacé Asellote Troglobie), Guy Magniez Jan 1971

Durées De La Mue, De L'Intermue Des Adultes, Et Longévité De Stenasellus Virei Dollfus (Crustacé Asellote Troglobie), Guy Magniez

International Journal of Speleology

The author’s observations of numerous cases of molting in the hypogean asellid Stenasellus virei Dollfus, 1897 appear to show that the phenomenon occurs in two steps. The loss of the anterior exuvium is separated from that of the posterior exuvium by a period of 8 to 16 days in adults from cavernicolous populations of Stenasellus virei in the Pyrenees and Cantabrian Alps. The intermolts last from 9 to 18 months for the same individuals. One must allow, for this species, a minimun life span of 10 years. Values of the same order of magnitude are anticipated for the two other …

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Contribution À L'Étude Des Mycetophilidae Des Grottes De Roumanie Avec La Description De Deux Espèces Nouvelles, Anca Burghele-Balacesco Jan 1971

Contribution À L'Étude Des Mycetophilidae Des Grottes De Roumanie Avec La Description De Deux Espèces Nouvelles, Anca Burghele-Balacesco

International Journal of Speleology

The study of Mycetophilidae collected in Romanian caves during these past years enables us to add 24 species to those already known from the country, among which two are new for science: Exechia dumitrescui n. sp. and Rhymosia matilei n. sp. Sixteen species belonging to the genus Macrocera, Zelmira, Leia, Exechia, Rhymosia, Allodia, Mycetophila, Zygomyia and Deolpsis have never been mentioned before for the subterranean environment. Some of these species are extremely rare: Exechia januari Lundst., E. parallela Edw., Rhymosia tarnani Dzeid., Phronia kowarzi Dzicd., Mycetophila rudis Winn.

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Die Isopoda Terrestria Der Höhlen Von Ereğli Am Schwarzen Meer (5. Beitrag Zur Kenntnis Der Türkischen Isopoden), Hans Strouhal Jan 1971

Die Isopoda Terrestria Der Höhlen Von Ereğli Am Schwarzen Meer (5. Beitrag Zur Kenntnis Der Türkischen Isopoden), Hans Strouhal

International Journal of Speleology

Dr. Klaus Dobat (Tübingen) and Madame Dobat have collected the following terrestrial Isopods from caves of Eregli on the coasts of the Black Sea, North of Turkey: 1) Ligidium (Ligidium) assimile sp. nov., trogloxene widely distributed in the northern Anatolian territories; 2) Chasmatoniscus oculatus gen. et sp. nov., troglophile; 3) Trichoniscus (Trichoniscus) heracleotis sp. nov., troglobic; 4) Cylisticus (Platycylisticus) dobati subgen. et sp. nov., troglophile; 5) Cylisticus (Cylisticus) mechthildae sp. nov., troglobic. The author gives the descriptions together with figures of all these new Oniscoidea in this paper, M. Dobat describes the caves of Ereğli and lists the animals herein …

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Les Milieux De Vie De Stenasellus Virei Dollfuss, 1897 (Crustacé Asellote Troglobie): Données Préliminaires, Guy Magniez Jan 1971

Les Milieux De Vie De Stenasellus Virei Dollfuss, 1897 (Crustacé Asellote Troglobie): Données Préliminaires, Guy Magniez

International Journal of Speleology

Stenasellus virei is now known from 77 localities (caves, phreatic waters and underflow of some rivers) of the eastern Aquitanian basin, central and eastern Pyrenees, and of Spain. A classification of the different biotopes of the species is attempted herein, and some of their characteristics are summarily described. This cavernicolous species can now be viewed in a new light, as much ecological as systematic or biogeographic.

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Trichoniscoides Saeroeensis Lohmander, An Isopod Crustacean New To The British Fauna, Edith M. Sheppard Jan 1971

Trichoniscoides Saeroeensis Lohmander, An Isopod Crustacean New To The British Fauna, Edith M. Sheppard

International Journal of Speleology

The terrestial isopod Trichoniscoides saeroeensis Lohmander, new to the British fauna, is recorded fram the dark zone of disused mines in Lancashire; the paper includes notes on its systematic position and certain morphological characters as well as its affinities. The origin and geographical distribution of the species, together with that of the other two species recorded in England [T. albidus (Budde-Lund) and T. sarsi Patience], is discussed.

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Distribution And Dispersion Of The Troglobitic Carabid Beetle Rhadine Subterranea, Robert W. Mitchell Jan 1971

Distribution And Dispersion Of The Troglobitic Carabid Beetle Rhadine Subterranea, Robert W. Mitchell

International Journal of Speleology

Intracave distribution and dispersion patterns within a population of the troglobitic carabid beetle Rhadine subterranea were studied. Distribution was markedly heterogeneous, the beetles being almost entirely restricted to substrata of deep, uncompacted silt. Dispersion of the beetles on the silt substrata did not depart from random expectation. It is shown, however, that this is a functionally emergent pattern resulting from an intrasex repulsion related to feeding which tends to produce regularity counterbalanced by an intersex attraction related to reproduction which tends to produce contagion.

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Stenasellus Skopljensis Thermalis Ssp.N. (Crustacea, Isopoda) D'Une Source Chaude En Bosnie, Milan Meštrov, Romana Lattinger-Penko University Of Zagreb Jan 1971

Stenasellus Skopljensis Thermalis Ssp.N. (Crustacea, Isopoda) D'Une Source Chaude En Bosnie, Milan Meštrov, Romana Lattinger-Penko University Of Zagreb

International Journal of Speleology

The new subspecies Stenasellus skopljensis thermalis, from Banja Luka (Bosnie, Yugoslavia) is described. From the ecological point of view this form differs from the others because it inhabits underground waters of elevated temperature (240°C). Another constantly abundant species, St. hungaricus thermalis Mestrov, also occurs in Yugoslavia under the same ecological conditions, in the warm springs of Podsused near Zagreb. This indicates that these underground waters at elevated temperature are not accidental but preferred habitats for these forms, and confirms once again that thermal waters of this type are the biotopes-refuges in which certain relic forms are retained.

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On A New Species Of Earthworm From A Mexican Cave, Gordon Gates Jan 1968

On A New Species Of Earthworm From A Mexican Cave, Gordon Gates

International Journal of Speleology

Eodrilus mexicanus of the megadrile oligochaete family Acanthodrilidae is described along with some data as to development, regeneration and abnormality. Relationships with its American congeners, often inadequately characterized, are discussed and the present state of Eodrilus systematics is criticised. E. mexicanus seems likely to be of unusual interest as the second species of earthworm to have ovaries in segment xii.

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Beiträge Zur Kenntnis Der Cavernicolen Antroleucosomiden (Diplopoda, Ascospermophora), Ionel Tabacaru Jan 1968

Beiträge Zur Kenntnis Der Cavernicolen Antroleucosomiden (Diplopoda, Ascospermophora), Ionel Tabacaru

International Journal of Speleology

The family of the Antroleucosomidae is known from the Mediterranean region. In this paper the author describes the new genus Dacosoma with the species D. motasi of caves of the southern Carpathians together with two new species of Bulgarosoma, B. Ocellatum n. sp. of the caves of Mount Banat and B. meridionalis of the cave on Rhodope mountains. A new and complete description is also given for Antroleucosoma banaticum Verh. 1899 and B. bureschi Verh. 1926 based on the study of material coming from the type localities.

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Etude Du Comportement De L'Homme En Milieu Souterrain (Bilan De Cinq Experimentations), Pierre Saumande Jan 1968

Etude Du Comportement De L'Homme En Milieu Souterrain (Bilan De Cinq Experimentations), Pierre Saumande

International Journal of Speleology

In the course of live specially planned expeditions, the author studied the behaviour of man in the very special environment of caves. He explains the tests employed. The results obtained suggest that the human organism seems able to adapt to this uncommon environment but exhibits lethargy and reduced activity.

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An Analytical Study Of Air Circulation In Caves, Arrigo A. Cigna Jan 1968

An Analytical Study Of Air Circulation In Caves, Arrigo A. Cigna

International Journal of Speleology

The different types of air circulation in caves are classified according to the origin of the circulation, as either static or dynamic. In a cave static causes are: (a) differences between inside and outside air density owing to: (i) air temperature; (ii) relative humidity; (iii) chemical composition; (b) atmospheric pressure variation. Dynamic causes are: (a) moving fluids: (i) inside the cave; (ii) outside the cave. Whenever possible the above mentioned phenomena have been considered from a mathematical point of view in order to obtain equations relating the different quantities involved.

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Sur Une Nouvelle Sous-Espèce De Niphargus Jovanovici Karaman (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Gammaridae) De Dijon, France, François Graf, Milan Straškraba Jan 1968

Sur Une Nouvelle Sous-Espèce De Niphargus Jovanovici Karaman (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Gammaridae) De Dijon, France, François Graf, Milan Straškraba

International Journal of Speleology

The new subspecies, Niphargus jovanovici burgundus n.subsp., is described from a well at Dijon, France. The principal diagnostic characters are given and a comparison with other known subspecies of N. jovanovici is made. Two groups of subspecies in N. jovanovici are distinguished and some critical remarks on probable affinities of N. jovanovici with other species of Niphargus are made.

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Compte-Rendu De La Conférence Internationale De Spéléologie Et De Karstologie D'Istanbul (24 Sept.-14 Oct. 1964), Paul Fenelon Jan 1968

Compte-Rendu De La Conférence Internationale De Spéléologie Et De Karstologie D'Istanbul (24 Sept.-14 Oct. 1964), Paul Fenelon

International Journal of Speleology

Arranged by geologist Dr. Temucin Aygen, the International Conference of Speleology and Karstology at Istanbul, with the participation of about twenty foreign scholars, opened first at Beyazit de Stamboul University. For three days papers and discussions enlivened the sessions, broken by tours around the Bosporus. During the following two weeks the members of the Conference took a field trip across Anatolia, through Ankara, Konya, Mersin, Antalya, Burdur, Izmir, Bursa, and Istanbul. They thus had the opportunity to investigate the principal karstic phenomena of Turkey - the Konya obrouks, travertines of’ Yerkòpru and Antalya, caves of the Mersin region, vauclusian springs …

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A Propos De Troglobies Vivant Dans Les Eaux D'Une Mine De Fer De Lorraine, Jean-Paul Henry, Claude Marvillet Jan 1968

A Propos De Troglobies Vivant Dans Les Eaux D'Une Mine De Fer De Lorraine, Jean-Paul Henry, Claude Marvillet

International Journal of Speleology

Two explorations of the galleries of the Orne-Pauline iron mine at Moyeuvre-Grande (Moselle), made one year apart, resulted in the collection on each occasion of varied and abundant material (5 spp. of peracarid crustaceans and a worm) of aquatic troglobites: 3 spp. of Niphargus, one of which is new to Lorraine (N. kochianus kochianus), 2 spp. of isopods, Asellus cavaticus and Caecosphaeroma burgundum (for which this is the northernmost locality), and finally a local form of Dendrocoelides collini.

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Sur Quelques Collemboles Cavernicoles De Roumanie, Magdalena Gruia Jan 1968

Sur Quelques Collemboles Cavernicoles De Roumanie, Magdalena Gruia

International Journal of Speleology

An important collection of Collembola from Romania contained six species. One of them is new - Onychiurus orghidani n.sp. found in one cave of Oltenia. The presence of Onychiurus boldorii Denis in Romania is reported for the first time, and the discovery of a large number of Beckerella spelaea Ionesco made it possible to place this species in the genus Xenylla. Finally, additions are made to the known geographic distributions of Mesachorutes ojcoviensis Stach and Lepidocyrtus serbicus Denis.

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Ökologie, Systematik Und Verbreitung Zweier In Norddeutschland Sympatrisch Lebender Bathynella-Arten (Crustacea, Syncarida), Siegfried Husmann Jan 1968

Ökologie, Systematik Und Verbreitung Zweier In Norddeutschland Sympatrisch Lebender Bathynella-Arten (Crustacea, Syncarida), Siegfried Husmann

International Journal of Speleology

The sympatric occurrence of two bathynellids previously considered races of Bathynella natans - natans and stammeri - is evaluated as a natural ecological-genetic experiment. Since no hybrids appear in mixed populations, these forms are proven to be full species: Bathynella natans Vejdovsky and Bathynella stammeri (Jakobi). Besides the form of the mandibles, which until now was the only taxonomically useful diagnostic character in the genus Bathynella, 7 additional, suitably applicable morphological characters have been found (Table 3). The Bathynella biotope investigated is assigned to the “eustygopsammal” subterranean life province (Husmann 1966), which is associated with the “Parastenocaris-Bathynella” …

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Ecological Studies In The Mammoth Cave System Of Kentucky, Thomas C. Barr Jr. Jan 1968

Ecological Studies In The Mammoth Cave System Of Kentucky, Thomas C. Barr Jr.

International Journal of Speleology

The Mammoth Cave system includes more than 175 kilometers of explored passages in Mammoth Cave National Park, Kentucky. Although biologists have explored the caves intermittently since 1822, the inventory of living organisms in the system is still incomplete. The present study lists approximately 200 species of animals, 67 species of algae, 27 species of fungi, and 7 species of twilight-zone bryophytes. The fauna is composed of 22% troglobites, 36% troglophiles, 22% trogloxenes, and 20% accidentals, and includes protozoans, sponges, triclads, nematodes, nematomorphs, rotifers, oligochaetes, gastropods, cladocerans, copepods, ostracods, isopods, amphipods, decapods, pseudoscorpions, opilionids, spiders, mites and ticks, tardigrades, millipedes, centipedes, …

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A Psychrophilic Yeast From Mammoth Cave, Kentucky, David Brashear, Ralph F. Wiseman, Thomas C. Barr Jr. Jan 1967

A Psychrophilic Yeast From Mammoth Cave, Kentucky, David Brashear, Ralph F. Wiseman, Thomas C. Barr Jr.

International Journal of Speleology

Samples collected in Mammoth Cave, Kentucky, revealed the presence of a psychrophilic yeast, tentatively identified as a strain of Candida albicans. The yeast is saprophytic on dead animal tissues and exhibits a pale yellow colour when growing in the cave. In vitro, the yeast grows poorly at 37°C. and well at 130 and 200, but loses its pigmentation. It is non-pathogenic in rabbits but appears to show low-grade parasitism in frogs.

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Quartzite Karst In Southeastern Venezuela, William B. White, Gene L. Jefferson, Jon F. Haman Jan 1967

Quartzite Karst In Southeastern Venezuela, William B. White, Gene L. Jefferson, Jon F. Haman

International Journal of Speleology

Minor weathering forms on the Roraima Quartzite in the Carrao River Basin of Southeastern Venezuela have the appearance of the karren that form on limestone surfaces in karst terrains. Climatological and chemical evidence indicates that these forms were generated by a solutional mechanism and that this area thus exhibits a minor karst topography on quartzite.

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Répartition Géographique Et Validité De L'Espéce Troglobie Asellus Lusitanicus Frade (Crustacé Asellote), Guy Magniez Jan 1967

Répartition Géographique Et Validité De L'Espéce Troglobie Asellus Lusitanicus Frade (Crustacé Asellote), Guy Magniez

International Journal of Speleology

The troglobitic Asellid Asellus lusitanicus Frade (1938) is now known from three caves of the Serra de Aire (Central Portugal). It seems to be a good eyeless species of the “coxalis” group.

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Les Mycetophilidae (Diptères) Cavernicoles De La Collection Biospeologica (IvE-ViiiE Séries Des «Grottes Visitées»), Anca Burghele-Balacesco Jan 1967

Les Mycetophilidae (Diptères) Cavernicoles De La Collection Biospeologica (IvE-ViiiE Séries Des «Grottes Visitées»), Anca Burghele-Balacesco

International Journal of Speleology

Study of the Mycetophilidae of the Biospeologica collection (Series IV to VIII of “Grottes visitées” was the objective of the present study. Thirty species have been identified, including Exechia peyerimhoffi n. sp. and Rhymosia pseudocretensis n. sp. The cave fauna contains several rare species - Exechia pollicata Edw., E. unguiculata Lundst., and Rhymosia cretensis Lundst. The ovipositors of Exechia coremura Edw. and E. landrocki Lundst. are figured for the first time.

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Sur La Faculté D'Absorption De Substances Colorées Par La Cuticule De Caecosphaeroma Burgundum Dollfus, Crustacé Isopode Des Eaux Souterraines, François Graf, Claude Marvillet Jan 1967

Sur La Faculté D'Absorption De Substances Colorées Par La Cuticule De Caecosphaeroma Burgundum Dollfus, Crustacé Isopode Des Eaux Souterraines, François Graf, Claude Marvillet

International Journal of Speleology

The discovery, in certain subterranean waters, of “pigmented,” brown or black Caecosphaeroma burgundum, led to the systematic study of the action of pigmented substances on these crustaceans. The results of these experiments demonstrate that the colorations thus obtained or observed in nature are due to the agglutination of coloured substances on the surface of the carapace and, in certain cases, to an impregnation of the cuticle itself.

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Deux Nouveaux Halacariens D'Israël - Limnohalacarus Capernaumi N. Sp. Et Lohmannela Heptapegoni N. Sp., Anelya Petrova Jan 1967

Deux Nouveaux Halacariens D'Israël - Limnohalacarus Capernaumi N. Sp. Et Lohmannela Heptapegoni N. Sp., Anelya Petrova

International Journal of Speleology

Two new species of Halacarinae of a thermal slightly brackish spring near the Tiberiade lake in Israel are reported. Limnohalacaras capernaumi n. sp. has certain characteristics typical of other species of the Genus, but is clearly distinguished by proper elements. Lohmannell heptapegoni n. sp. resembles Lohmannella stammeri Viets, of which it is distinguished by the structure of the dorsal plates, the palp and the morphology of the genital apparatus.

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