Earth Sciences Commons^™

The Influence Of Organic Matter And Ph On Transformations Of Nitrites To Elemental Nitrogen, Mohammad A. Rashid

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Nitrogen occupies an important and prominent place in plant and animal nutrition. Large quantities are required by plants and must be available in the soil. Recently the use of nitrogenous fertilizers has increased manyfold. In view of the importance of this element in crop production, even greater use is anticipated in the coming years. In order to make full use of the applied nitrogen, continued investigations of soil-nitrogen relationship are imperative; however, this element presents many complex and challenging problems to investigators.

Movement Of Phosphorus In Soils As Influenced By Chelates And Soil Types, Abd-Elmonem Sayed-Ahmad Mostafa

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The problems of phosphate fertilization have attracted the attention of agronomists, nutritionists, and other biological scientists due to the importance of phosphorus in animal and plant nutrition. However, the fundamental behavior of phosphorus in soil systems is not well understood. Because of its far-reaching effects, a solution of a portion of this problem is of importance.

The Effect Of Soil Adsorbents On The Thermodynamic Properties Of Soil Water System, Taghi Manbeian

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

It has been generally recognized that the surface phenomena of the solid particles such as shrinking and swelling, water- holding capacity, water' movement, and cation exchange are important in understanding the physical properties of the soil. Clay is the most prevalent material in the colloidal fraction of many soils. Because of the complex nature of the surface of clays and the small size of the particles, the direct study of surface phenomena is difficult. Thermodynamic functions change in accordance with changes and organization within the system. Thus, an examination of the thermodynamics of surface phenomena provides some understanding of the …

The Influence Of Soil Moisture Regimes And Atmospheric Environments On Transpiration And The Energy Status Of Water In Plants, Sampatrao A. Gavande

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Plant responses to different soil moisture regimes have been extensively studied. Because of interactions between the soil, plant and climatic factors, few convincing generalizations concerning the influence of soil water on the transpiration of water by plants have been established. Generally single factors or at most the interaction of two have been studied at any one time. Useful theories describing the conditions of water retention in plant tissues and movement of water through plants have been proposed. Equally useful theories have been suggested for describing the retention and transmission of water in soil. The integration of these theories and their …

Paleozic Stratigraphy Of The James Peak Quadrangle, Utah, Harley D. King

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

General Statement

The James Peak quadrangle is a topographic map unit of the Geological Survey of the U. S. Department of Interior (Plate 1). It covers 7 1/2 minutes of latitude and longitude at a scale of 1:24, 000 or 1 inch to 2, 000 feet. It is bounded by lat 41°22'30" N. and lat 41°30' N. and long 111°45' W. and long 111 °52 '30" W The quadrangle includes 56 square miles and has maximum relief of about 4, 300 feet.

The James Peak quadrangle is located in northern Utah between the Wasatch Range on the west and the …

Geology Of The Monte Cristo Area, Bear River Range, Utah, Robert B. Smith

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The Monte Cristo area is a 7 1/2-minute quadrangle located in the southeastern. part of the Bear River Range, northern Utah. It is within the Middle Rocky Mountain province and is 10 miles east of the Basin and Range province. Previous to this investigation little was known about the detailed geology of the area except for a reconnaissance study and general geologic map of the Cache County part included in the Geologic Atlas of Utah, Cache County, published by Williams (1958).

The purposes of this investigation were as follows: (1) to determine the formations present in the area and their …

Effect Of Calcium Availability On Alfalfa Grown In Calcareous High Sodium Soils, Harry Irving Nightingale

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

In soil science we shall always be confronted with reactions in soils that involve Ca. Early recognition of this led to experimentation in this area. Due to the fact that Ca deficiency is most common in acid soils, the majority of the experimentation has in the past been largely confined to acid soils and their soil-Ca-plant relationships. There has been relatively little research done with Ca and its availability problems associated with alkaline or sodic soils.

Geology Of The Southwestern Part Of The Randolph Quadrangle, Utah-Wyoming, Steven C. Hansen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A detailed study of the southwestern part of the Randolph quadrangle was undertaken in view of the fact that Richardson (1941) mapped a large area of undifferentiated Ordovician rock. Therefore, the purposes of this investigation are: (1) to prepare a more detailed geologic map of the south­western part of the Randolph quadrangle (Plate 1), (2) to describe the struc­ture, stratigraphy, and geologic history of the area, and (3) to relate the geology to adjacent areas.

Geomorphic Features And History Of The Lower Part Of Logan Canyon, Utah, Edmund J. Williams

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Logan Canyon is located east of Logan, Utah, in the Bear River Range. The lower part of Logan Canyon is considered that section of the canyon from its mouth upstream to Tony Grove Canyon, a distance of 22 miles¹, Figure 1. Some tributary canyons of the lower part of Logan Canyon have been included in this investigation because of their relationship to Logan Canyon. Grassy Flat Canyon, a south tributary of Logan Canyon 4.4 miles from Logan, exhibits several geomorphic features related to the geology of Logan Canyon. Because of its extensive use and close association with Logan …

Influence Of Fertilizer Treatment On The Response Of Sugar Beet Yield To Moisture, Samad Farzanfar

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Many factors that influence the growth and quality of sugar beets behave in one way under one set of conditions and in quite another under other conditions. Consequently, these factors should be considered together under a dynamic situation to find their interrelations and their influence on sugar beet yield.

This study is a statistical analysis of the interaction of fertilizer and soil moisture potential with the yield of sugar beets grown in a crop rotation under different regimes of irrigation conducted over a period of seven years.

The data are available for the years 1949 through 1956, from an intensive …

Effects Of Temperature On Moisture Conductivity In Unsaturated Soil, Richard O'Bannon Meeuwig

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Water moves in soil in response to potential gradients. The basic equation for this movement is the generalized v=-K▽Φ in which v is volume of water passing through a unit area in unit time, K is the conductivity coefficient, ▽, is the gradient operator (vector), and ▽Φ is the potential gradient.

Temperature Dependence Of Soil-Moisture Potential, Jacob Willem Kijne

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Teachers have noticed that children draw only those objects which they know by name. Doubtless the adult has a similar tendency, exemplified by the researcher, to limit his observations or to relate them to that which can be expressed in the terminology of an existing or newly developed theory. In this thesis the data obtained from studies of the temperature and pressure dependence of the relative vapor pressure over moist soil samples are analyzed by a thermodynamic approach. Not all of the results can be explained completely by means of this tool. Natural systems, such as a moist soil, are …

The Interaction Of Water And Salt Flow In Unsaturated Soils, Mahmoud Hassan Abd-El Aziz

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The movements of salt and water, particularly in fairly dry soils or compacted shales, are important processes in both agronomic studies and hydraulics of deep ground water which is important in the location of oil.

The Lower Devonian Water Canyon Formation Of Northeastern Utah, Michael E. Taylor

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

In 1948 Williams subdivided the Jefferson Formation of northeastern Utah into two formations. The upper formation was referred to as the Late Devonian Jefferson Formation and the lower formation the Early Devonian Water Canyon Formation (Williams, 1948, p. 1138). Since that time detailed study of the Water Canyon Formation has not been made. It is the purpose of this investigation to describe in detail the lithology and paleontology of the formation and their implication as to the environment of deposition of Early Devonian time in northeastern Utah.

Pressure Dependence Of Soil Water Matric Potential, Bozorg Bahrani

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The partial specific Gibbs¹ free energy or the chemical potential has been shown to be the most desirable thermodynamic function for describing soil-water systems. The absolute value of the chemical potential of soil water cannot be determined. If pure water at standard temperature and pressure is taken as the reference, the difference between the chemical potential of soil water and that of the reference can be measured and is called "soil water potential," which has the dimension of energy per unit mass.

The barometric pressure at the sea level has been accepted as the standard reference pressure. Thus, any …

Salt Effect On Water Requirements Of Plants, Abdel-Wahhab M. H. Sallam

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Water requirement was defined by Briggs and Shantz in 1911 as the ratio of the weight of water absorbed by a plant during its growth to the weight of dry matter produced. Ballard (1933) and Williams (1935) defined water requirement as the ratio of the amount of water transpired to the amount of dry matter produced. Ballard (1933) and Williams (1935) defined water requirement as the ratio of the amount of water transpired to the amount of dry matter formed during the whole or any part of the life cycle of the plant. Miller (1938) and Kramer (1959) postulated that …

Differentiation Between The Ph Effect And The Bicarbonate Ion Effect In Causing Lime-Induced Chlorosis, Hyrum Del Var Petersen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Lime-induced chlorosis has been recognized for many years as a problem where plants are grown on calcareous soils. There are many factors associated with and influencing this form of iron chlorosis and because of this it has been very difficult to determine the relationship between the factors and chlorosis.

A Field Study Of Miscible Displacement In Saturated Soils, Lloyd Dowley Mcfadden Sadler

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Extensive research has been carried out in both field and laboratory to explain water and solute movement under both saturated and unsaturated conditions. The importance of such work is obvious, since any attempt at exploring land reclamation by leaching or nutrient movement in plant feeding (to name only two) is subject to interpretations and theories of moisture flow.

Water flow through soil during reclamation by leaching can be termed miscible displacement since soil water and leaching water do not have a distinct fluid-fluid interface and will physically mix. It is probable that miscible displacement investigations can contribute to an understanding …

Nitrite Reactions In Soil, John Otto Reuss

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Losses of soil nitrogen that cannot be attributed to leaching or crop removal have been observed in many field experiments. Several mechanisms have been proposed to account for these losses.

Upper Cretaceous Stratigraphy Of The Central Part Of Utah, Fredric R. Van De Graaff

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Rocks of Late Cretaceous age in the central part of Utah are dominantly elastic. In general, the sediments in the west are of conglomerate and sandstone of continental origin; the sediments in the east are of sandstone and shale of marine origin, These rocks were deposited at or near the western shore of a sea which extended from the Arctic to the Gulf of Mexico. The strand line lay in a general northern direction through Utah with land to the west and marine water to the east.

The Mineral Resources Of The Sevier River Drainage, Central Utah, David T. Sanders

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A survey of the mineral resources, the economic rock products, and the ground-water reserves of that part of central Utah drained by the Sevier River system was undertaken by the author in the fall of 1960 as a continuation of a research project directed toward the stimulation of economic growth in the state of Utah. The project was initiated in 1959 by Dr. Donald R. Olsen and Dr. J. Stewart Williams, who conducted a similar survey of a five county area in southwestern Utah (Olsen and Williams, 1960).

Through a review of existing literature, preliminary field examination of most of …

Geology Of The Summer Ranch And North Promontory Mountains, Utah, O. Clair Adams

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The Summer Ranch and North Promontory Mountains have not been studied in detail geologically, although the surrounding mountains have been extensively investigated. Within the limits of this area, sedimentary rocks of Mississippian through Permian crop out. Sedimentary and volcanic rocks of Tertiary age are also exposed. Extensive Lake Bonneville deposits underlie the valleys and overlap the foothills.

Relations Between Transpiration, Leaf Temperatures, And Some Environmental Factors, Ronald Kay Tew

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Transpiration is the loss of water in vapor form from a plant. This is essentially the same process as evaporation except that it is modified by plant structure. Large quantities of water are removed from the soil, transferred through the conducting tissues of the plant, and dissipated into the air each day. As soon as the water is lost to the atmosphere, it becomes unavailable for human use.

The Influence Of Advective Energy On Evapotranspiration, Mahmoud Abdel Aziz

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Evaporation and transpiration from the soil and plant, respectively, have received increasing attention from those who work with water supply, irrigation, and drainage.

The Effect Of Chelates On Phosphorus Availability And Mobility, Salah Ahmed Tahoun

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Soil-phosphorus relations and plant-phosphorus relations have attracted the interest of many investigators since Liebig introduced his famous theory about the importance of the mineral matters to the plant in 1840. It was soon realized that phosphorus nutrition was a problem not easily solved for two reasons. 1. The added phosphorus fertilizers, soon after soil application are converted by some reactions in the soil to complex compounds far less soluble, consequently less available to the plant. Conclusions about this process led to controversial debates until it was discovered that a general statement covering all soils was impossible since the reactions involved …

On The Enthalpy And Entropy Of Soil Water, Robert A. Kohl

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Just twenty years have passed since the first papers were published on the application of chemical thermodynamics to the soil-water system (11, 14). Since then, soil physicists have used thermodynamics in an attempt to characterize and learn more about this intricate system.

Geology Of The Sharp Mountain Area, Southern Part Of The Bear River Range, Utah, Preston L. Hafen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The Sharp Mountain area is situated in the southern part of the Bear River Range in Utah. The geology of the Bear River Range to the north of this area, in Utah and Idaho, has been mapped; however, prior to this study little was known about the Sharp Mountain area. The purpose of this investigation are as follows: (1) to map and describe the geology of the area, and (2) to relate the stratigraphic and structural features of the Sharp Mountain area to those of the surrounding region.

The Effects Of Certain Environmental And Biological Factors On Rally Calling In The Chukar Partridge, H. Warrington Williams

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Naturalists for many years have known that birds sing most at dawn and at dusk, but to which of many physical variables they are responding has not been completely determined. This problem has taken on importance in the field of wildlife management because calling rate has been used as an index of abundance for numerous game birds, namely the Pheasant, Phasianus colchicus (Kimball, 1949); the Mourning Dove, Zenaidura macroura (McClure, 1939); the Bobwhite Quail, Colinus virginianus (Bennitt, 1951; Rosene, 1957): and the Woodcock, Philohela minor (Pitelka, 1943).

The Effect Of Moisture And Temperature On Transformation Of Applied Ammonium Sulfate In Several Western Soils, Lloyd Richard Hossner

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The conversion of ammonia nitrogen to nitrite and nitrate forms of nitrogen has aroused much attention in the past and continues to receive much of the energy of the present day researcher.

The Influence Of Soil Compaction Upon The Thermodynamics Of Soil Moisture, James E. Box Jr.

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The retention of water in soils is a very interesting subject. Soil-water research presents a great challenge to research workers. The challenge is broad in scope and extends from the field problems of large irrigation projects to the atomic scale of the solid-liquid interface.

If scientists are going to describe scientifically soil-water relations, they must ultimately utilize the instruments of science and the language of mathematics. To the end of the latter the mathematics of thermodynamics has been applied in these studies of water retention in soils.