Earth Sciences Commons^™

Fractured-Aquifer Hydrogeology From Geophysical Logs; The Passaic Formation, New Jersey, Roger H. Morin, Glen B. Carleton, Stephane Poirier

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

The Passaic Formation consists of gradational sequences of mudstone, siltstone, and sandstone, and is a principal aquifer in central New Jersey. Ground-water flow is primarily controlled by fractures interspersed throughout these sedimentary rocks and characterizing these fractures in terms of type, orientation, spatial distribution, frequency, and transmissivity is fundamental towards understanding local fluid-transport processes. To obtain this information, a comprehensive suite of geophysical logs was collected in 10 wells roughly 46 m in depth and located within a .05 km² area in Hopewell Township, New Jersey. A seemingly complex, heterogeneous network of fractures identified with an acoustic televiewer was …

Statistical Modeling Of Agricultural Chemical Occurrence In Midwestern Rivers, William A. Battaglin, Donald A. Goolsby

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

Agricultural chemicals in surface water may constitute a human health risk or have adverse effects on aquatic life. Recent research on unregulated rivers in the midwestern USA documents that elevated concentrations of herbicides occur for 1–4 months following application in late spring and early summer. In contrast, nitrate concentrations in unregulated rivers are elevated during fall, winter, and spring months. Natural and anthropogenic variables of river drainage basins, such as soil permeability, amount of agricultural chemicals applied, or percentage of land planted in corn, affect agricultural chemical concentration and mass transport in rivers.

Presented is an analysis of selected data …

Three-Dimensional Upper Crustal Velocity Structure Beneath San Francisco Peninsula, California, Tom Parsons, Mary Lou Zoback

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

This paper presents new seismic data from, and crustal models of the San Francisco Peninsula. In much of central California the San Andreas fault juxtaposes the Cretaceous granitic Salinian terrane on its west and the Late Mesozoic/Early Tertiary Franciscan Complex on its east. On San Francisco Peninsula, however, the present-day San Andreas fault is completely within a Franciscan terrane, and the Pilarcitos fault, located southwest of the San Andreas, marks the Salinian-Franciscan boundary. This circumstance has evoked two different explanations: either the Pilarcitos is a thrust fault that has pushed Franciscan rocks over Salinian rocks or the Pilarcitos is a …

Hands-On Geology For Navajo Nation Teachers, Russell Frank Dubiel, Stephen Tom Hasiotis, Steven Christian Semken

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

The Navajo Nation comprises the largest land area and the largest population of any Native American community in the United States, and it hosts some of earth's most spectacular geology.

Analysis Of Environmental Data With Censored Observations, Shiping Liu, Jye-Chyi Lu, Dana Kolpin, William Meeker

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

The potential threats to humans and to terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems from environmental contamination could depend on the sum of the concentrations of different chemicals. However, direct summation of environmental data is not generally feasible because it is common for some chemical concentrations to be recorded as being below the analytical reporting limit. This creates special problems in the analysis of the data. A new model selection procedure, named forward censored regression, is introduced for selecting an appropriate model for environmental data with censored observations. The procedure is demonstrated using concentrations of atrazine (2-chloro- 4-ethylamino-6-isopropylamino-s-triazine), deethylatrazine (DEA, 2-amino-4-chloro-6-isopropylamino-s-triazine), and deisopropylatrazine …

Field Trip Guide (For The Nebraska Well Drillers Association) Northeastern Nebraska Geology, S. Olafsen Lackey, Robert F. Diffendal Jr., R. R. Burchett, D. A. Eversoll, R. A. Tremblay

Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications

Field trip guide for the Nebraska Well Drillers Association covering northeastern Nebraska geology from 1997.

Resource Notes-Academic Year 1996-97

Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Resource News-Spring 1997

Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Resource News-Summer 1997

Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Composite Section Of Cretaceous Rocks In Nebraska, R.R. Burchett

Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Geology Of The Montrose, Orella, Wolf Butte, Roundtop And Horn 7.5' Usgs Quadrangles, Sioux And Dawes Counties, Nebraska, Hannan E. Lagarry, Leigh Anne Lagarry

Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Composite Section Of Cretaceous Rocks In Nebraska, R. R. Burchett

Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Explanation Of Geologic Map Units For Use With University Of Nebraska-Lincoln Conservation And Survey Division Open-File Maps Nos. 53-65., Hannan E. Lagarry, Leigh Anne Lagarry

Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Geology, Robert F. Diffendal Jr.

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

An overview of the geology of Cheyenne County, Nebraska.

Relations Between Directional Spectral Vegetation Indices And Leaf Area And Absorbed Radiation In Alfalfa, Elizabeth Walter-Shea, Jeffrey L. Privette, D. Cornell, Mark A. Mesarch, C. Hays

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

s ensors on satellite platforms with extreme view angles have been increasingly used to analyze regional and global vegetation cover and productivity because of frequent observations. This study, using experimental and theoretical methods, analyzed variations in vegetation indices with sun-view geometry as a means of understanding the sensitivity of relations beween vegetation indices and the biophysical properties, the leaf area index (LAI), and the instantaneous fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation (fAPAR). Canopy bidirectional reflectance factors (BRFs) of an alfalfa crop were measured and simulated at a variety of solar and view zenith angles. Also, fAPAR, LAI, and leaf optical …

Histomorphological Responses Of Red Shiner (Cyprinella Lutrensis) To Atrazine, Terbufos, And Their Mixture, Ibrahim A. Messaad

School of Natural Resources: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Alterations of normal histomorphology of fish tissues, behavior, and thermal tolerance are recognized by environmental toxicologists and fish biologists as powerful tools indicating diverse biochemical and physiological changes. Toxicity of atrazine (2-chloro-4-ethylamino-6-isopropylamino-1,3,5-triazine), terbufos (S-(((1,1-dimethyl-ethyl)thio)methyl)O,O-diethyl phosphorodithioate), and their mixture to red shiner (Cyprinella lutrensis) at 23$\sp\circ$C and 30$\sp\circ$C was investigated in 14-d bioassays after 14-d acclimation. During the bioassays, fish behavior, indications of toxicosis, and external anomalies were observed. After the bioassays, the critical thermal maximum (CTM) was determined. Fish also were preserved for examinations of gill, liver, and kidney tissues using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and light microscopy (LM). SEM …

The Effects Of Wet Meadow Fragmentation On Grassland Birds, Christopher J. Helzer

School of Natural Resources: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

No abstract provided.

Propagation Of Juniperus For Conservation Plantings In The Great Plains, Scott Allen Lee

School of Natural Resources: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

No abstract provided.

Simulation The Shift In Position Of Hinge Lines Between Two, Shallow, Flow-Through Lakes, Mohan J. Khisty

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Groundwater flow between two hypothetical, shallow, flow-through lakes was numerically simulated in steady state and transient conditions for two cases. In the first case the lakes are at identical surface water elevations and in the second case there is a small difference in surface water elevations between them. Simulation results from both cases indicate a direct relation between movement of hinge lines, which indicate changes in the direction of groundwater-lake seepage components, and the seasonal persistence and decline of a groundwater mound that exists between the two lakes. A comparison between steady-state simulation results for both cases indicates that a …

The Biology Of Alewife Alosa Pseudoharengus In Lake Ogallala, Nebraska, Eric A. Laux

School of Natural Resources: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

No abstract provided.

Application Of Permutations To Lossless Compression Of Multispectral Thematic Mapper Images, Ziya Arnavut, Sunil Narumalani

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

The goal of data compression is to find shorter representa- tions for any given data. In a data storage application, this is done in order to save storage space on an auxiliary device or, in the case of a communication scenario, to increase channel throughput. Because re- motely sensed data require tremendous amounts of transmission and storage space, it is essential to find good algorithms that utilize the spa- tial and spectral characteristics of these data to compress them. A new technique is presented that uses a spectral and spatial correlation to create orderly data for the compression of multispectral …

Boundary Conditions For Convergent Radial Tracer Tests And Effect Of Well Bore Mixing Volume, Vitaly A. Zlotnik, John David Logan

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

Convergent radial flow tracer tests have a complex spatial nonaxial transport structure caused by the flow in the vicinity of the injection well and its finite mixing volume. The formulation of the boundary value problem, and especially the treatment of the boundary conditions at the injection well, is nontrivial. Hodgkinson and Lever [1983], Moench [1989, 1991], and Welty and Gelhar [1994] have developed different models and methods for the analysis of breakthrough curves in the extraction well. To extend interpretation techniques to breakthrough curves in the zone between injection and extraction wells, an analysis of conventional transport models is given, …

Growth And Yield Of Snap Beans (Phaseolus Vulgaris L.) As Affected By Shelterbelts And Planting Dates, Mohd Nazip Suratman

School of Natural Resources: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

No abstract provided.

Thermal Tolerances Of Platte River Fishes: Field And Laboratory Studies, Brett P. Fessell

School of Natural Resources: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

No abstract provided.

Chronic Effects Of Baseflow Levels Of Atrazine On Platte River Algae, Karen J. Nelson

School of Natural Resources: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

No abstract provided.

Influence Of Prey Availability On Walleye (Stizostedion Vitreum), Mark T. Porath

School of Natural Resources: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

No abstract provided.

Theory Of Dipole Flow In Uniform Anisotropic Aquifers, Vitaly A. Zlotnik, Glenn Ledder

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

A theory of dipole flow is developed to model flow induced by a vertical circulation well consisting of injection and extraction chambers in a single borehole. Included in the theory are an analytical description of the kinematic flow structure around a vertical circulation well and the drawdown in the well chambers. Using Stokes’ stream function, simple criteria are derived to determine the region of intensive recirculation. This region extends (from the dipole center) approximately five distances between chamber centers in the radial direction and two distances between chamber centers in both vertical directions. The vertical scale does not depend on …

Geology Beneath The Primary Management Systems Evaluation Area (Msea) Site Southwest Of Shelton, Buffalo County, Nebraska, Robert F. Diffendal Jr., Frank A. Smith

Robert F. Diffendal, Jr., Publications

In 1990, as part of a national presidential initiative on water quality, researchers from the University of Nebraska–Lincoln (UNL) Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources (IANR) received a multiyear grant from the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Cooperative State Research Service, to study management of irrigated corn and soybeans to minimize groundwater contamination. D. G. Watts, R. F. Spalding, and J.S. Schepers, of the IANR led a study at one of the Management Systems Evaluation Areas (MSEA). This area was made up of two sites, a primary site on a terrace of the Platte River near Shelton and a secondary site …

Geologic History Of Ash Hollow State Historical Park, Nebraska, Robert F. Diffendal Jr., Roger K. Pabian, J. R. Thomasson

Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications

Contents:

Introduction
Acknowledgments
Cautions
General Stratigraphy
Oligocene Series-White River Group-Brule Formation-Whitney Member
Miocene Series-Ogallala Group-Ash Hollow Formation
Pliocene Series-Broadwater Formation
Quaternary deposits
Older colluvium and loess
Younger colluvium and alluvium
General Paleontology
Evidence of past life: fossils and subfossils
Collecting fossils
Vertebrate fossils
Fossils from the Whitney Member of the Brule Formation
Plants
Invertebrates
Vertebrates
Fossils from the Ash Hollow Formation
Plants
Invertebrates
Vertebrates
Fossils from the Broadwater Formation
Plants
Vertebrates
Quaternary fossils
Plants
Invertebrates
Vertebrates
Additional studies of Nebraska fossils
Geologic History
Prehistory and History
References
Appendices I-IV

Paleolimnological Records Of Climatic Change In North America, Sherilyn C. Fritz

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

Lacustrine fossil records provide long time series of data on limnological and climatic conditions; these data are useful for establishing natural patterns of climate variability and for generating testable hypotheses about atmospheric circulation and climate-ecosystem linkages. Shoreline features can indicate past lake-level fluctuations that may reflect changes in moisture balance, but often these records are discontinuous and are evidence of only extreme conditions. The organisms, geochemistry, and sedimentology of lake sediments may provide a more continuous sequence of direct and indirect lake-climate interactions in the past. The most clearly interpretable paleolimnnological records of climatic change are those that use several …