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Articles 2971 - 3000 of 4541
Full-Text Articles in Earth Sciences
Post-Mazama (7 Ka) Faulting Beneath Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon, Steven M. Colman, Joseph G. Rosenbaum, Richard L. Reynolds, Andrei M. Sarna-Wojcicki
Post-Mazama (7 Ka) Faulting Beneath Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon, Steven M. Colman, Joseph G. Rosenbaum, Richard L. Reynolds, Andrei M. Sarna-Wojcicki
United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications
High-resolution seismic-reflection profiles (3.5 kHz) show that a distinctive, widespread reflection occurs in the sediments beneath Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon. Coring reveals that this reflection is formed by Mazama tephra (MT), about 7 ka in age. The MT horizon is faulted in many places and locally displaced by as much as 3.1 m. Differential displacement of multiple horizons indicates recurrent fault movement, perhaps three episodes since deposition of the Mazama. The pattern of faulting indicates northeast–southwest extension beneath the lake basin.
Upper Elkhorn Natural Resources District Cooperative Agreement, Field Summary Report 1998-1999, Susan Olafsen Lackey
Upper Elkhorn Natural Resources District Cooperative Agreement, Field Summary Report 1998-1999, Susan Olafsen Lackey
Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications
No abstract provided.
Lower Elkhorn Natural Resources District Cooperative Agreement, Field Summary Report 1998-1999, Susan Olafsen Lackey
Lower Elkhorn Natural Resources District Cooperative Agreement, Field Summary Report 1998-1999, Susan Olafsen Lackey
Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications
No abstract provided.
Spaceborne Microwave Remote Sensing Of Arctic Sea Ice During Spring, Sheldon D. Drobot, Mark R. Anderson
Spaceborne Microwave Remote Sensing Of Arctic Sea Ice During Spring, Sheldon D. Drobot, Mark R. Anderson
Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications
This paper outlines the fundamental roles sea ice plays during the spring Arctic climate, and it demonstrates the use of passive microwave remote sensing in measuring climatically important sea ice variables during the spring transitional period. It discusses the theoretical concepts underlying passive microwave remote sensing of sea ice, and it summarizes the historical use of satellite microwave radiometry in the Arctic region. In addition, this paper discusses the derivation of climatically important sea ice variables, including sea ice extent, concentration, multiyear ice fraction, and snow melt onset, with additional comments on the precision and accuracy of the remote sensing …
Principal Meridians Of The Federal System Of Rectangular Surveys, Bureau Of Land Management
Principal Meridians Of The Federal System Of Rectangular Surveys, Bureau Of Land Management
Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications
No abstract provided.
Grassland Bird Use Of Conservation Reserve Program Fields In The Great Plains, Douglas H. Johnson
Grassland Bird Use Of Conservation Reserve Program Fields In The Great Plains, Douglas H. Johnson
United States Geological Survey: Publications
The area enrolled in the Conservation Reserve Program in the Great Plains is enormous: nearly 18 million acres, or more than 7 million hectares, in Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, Wyoming, Nebraska, Colorado, Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas. This change in land use has had a huge influence on grassland bird populations. Many, but certainly not all, grassland species flourish in CRP habitats. Responses to the program vary not only by species, but by region, year, vegetation composition in a field, and whether or not a field was hayed or grazed. Further, the large scale of CRP has allowed researchers to …
Metals Transport In The Sacramento River, California, 1996–1997 Volume 1: Methods And Data, Charles N. Alpers, Howard E. Taylor, Joseph L. Domagalski
Metals Transport In The Sacramento River, California, 1996–1997 Volume 1: Methods And Data, Charles N. Alpers, Howard E. Taylor, Joseph L. Domagalski
United States Geological Survey: Publications
Metals transport in the Sacramento River, northern California, was evaluated on the basis of samples of water, suspended colloids, streambed sediment, and caddisfly larvae that were collected on one to six occasions at 19 sites in the Sacramento River Basin from July 1996 to June 1997. Four of the sampling periods (July, September, and November 1996; and May–June 1997) took place during relatively low-flow conditions and two sampling periods (December 1996 and January 1997) took place during high-flow and flooding conditions; respectively. Tangential-flow ultrafiltration with 10,000 nominal molecular weight limit, or daltons (0.005 micrometer equivalent), pore-size membranes was used to …
Water Quality In The Sacramento River Basin, California,1994–98, Joseph L. Domagalski, Donna L. Knifong, Peter D. Dileanis, Larry R. Brown, Jason T. May, Valerie Connor, Charles N. Alpers
Water Quality In The Sacramento River Basin, California,1994–98, Joseph L. Domagalski, Donna L. Knifong, Peter D. Dileanis, Larry R. Brown, Jason T. May, Valerie Connor, Charles N. Alpers
United States Geological Survey: Publications
This report summarizes major findings about water quality in the Sacramento River Basin that emerged from an assessment conducted between 1994 and 1998 by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program. Water quality is discussed in terms of local and regional issues and compared to conditions found in all 36 NAWQA study areas, called Study Units, assessed to date. Findings are also explained in the context of selected national benchmarks, such as those for drinking-water quality and the protection of aquatic organisms. The NAWQA Program was not intended to assess the quality of the Nation's drinking water, …
Chronology And Geochemistry Of Late Holocene Eolian Deposits In The Brandon Sand Hills, Manitoba, Canada, Stephen A. Wolfe, Daniel R. Muhs, Peter P. David, John P. Mcgeehin
Chronology And Geochemistry Of Late Holocene Eolian Deposits In The Brandon Sand Hills, Manitoba, Canada, Stephen A. Wolfe, Daniel R. Muhs, Peter P. David, John P. Mcgeehin
United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications
Accelerator mass spectrometry and conventional radiocarbon age determinations of organic matter from paleosols indicate that the Brandon Sand Hills area of southern Manitoba has been subjected to recurrent intervals of eolian activity in the past 5000 years. Although precise regional correlations are precluded by dating uncertainties, periods of most notable paleosol development occurred around 2300 to 2000, 1400 to 1000, and 600 to 500 cal yr BP with eolian activity occurring before and after each of these periods. Episodes of eolian activity may correspond to periods of regional drought, whereas paleosols mark periods of increased moisture availability and stabilization by …
Relation Of Pathways And Transit Times Of Recharge Water To Nitrate Concentrations Using Stable Isotopes, Matthew K. Landon, Geoffrey N. Delin, Stephen C. Komor, Charles P. Regan
Relation Of Pathways And Transit Times Of Recharge Water To Nitrate Concentrations Using Stable Isotopes, Matthew K. Landon, Geoffrey N. Delin, Stephen C. Komor, Charles P. Regan
United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications
Oxygen and hydrogen stable isotope values of precipitation, irrigation water, soil water, and ground water were used with soil-moisture contents and water levels to estimate transit times and pathways of recharge water in the unsaturated zone of a sand and gravel aquifer.
Paleoclimate Reconstruction Along The Pole-Equator-Pole Transect Of The Americas (Pep 1), Vera Markgraf, T.R Baumgartner, J. P. Bradbury, H. F. Diaz, R. B. Dunbar, B. H. Luckman, G. O. Seltzer, T. W. Swetnam, R. Villalba
Paleoclimate Reconstruction Along The Pole-Equator-Pole Transect Of The Americas (Pep 1), Vera Markgraf, T.R Baumgartner, J. P. Bradbury, H. F. Diaz, R. B. Dunbar, B. H. Luckman, G. O. Seltzer, T. W. Swetnam, R. Villalba
United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications
Examples are presented of inter-hemispheric comparison of instrumental climate and paleoclimate proxy records from the Americas for different temporal scales. Despite a certain symmetry of seasonal precipitation patterns along the PEP 1 transect, decadal variability of winter precipitation shows different characteristics in terms of amplitude and frequency in both the last 100 and last 1000 years. Such differences in variability are also seen in a comparison of time series of different El Nino/Southern Oscillation proxy records from North and South America, however, these differences do not appear to affect the spatial correlation with Pacific sea surface temperature patterns. Local and …
Land Cover Trends Dataset, 1973–2000, Christopher E. Soulard, William Acevedo, Roger F. Auch, Terry L. Sohl, Mark A. Drummond, Benjamin M. Sleeter, Daniel G. Sorenson, Steve Kambly, Tamara S. Wilson, Janis L. Taylor, Kristi L. Sayler, Michael P. Stier, Christopher A. Barnes, Steve C. Methven, Thomas R. Loveland, Rachel Headley, Mark S. Brooks
Land Cover Trends Dataset, 1973–2000, Christopher E. Soulard, William Acevedo, Roger F. Auch, Terry L. Sohl, Mark A. Drummond, Benjamin M. Sleeter, Daniel G. Sorenson, Steve Kambly, Tamara S. Wilson, Janis L. Taylor, Kristi L. Sayler, Michael P. Stier, Christopher A. Barnes, Steve C. Methven, Thomas R. Loveland, Rachel Headley, Mark S. Brooks
United States Geological Survey: Publications
The U.S. Geological Survey Land Cover Trends Project is releasing a 1973–2000 time-series land-use/land-cover dataset for the conterminous United States. The dataset contains 5 dates of land-use/land-cover data for 2,688 sample blocks randomly selected within 84 ecological regions. The nominal dates of the land-use/land-cover maps are 1973, 1980, 1986, 1992, and 2000. The land-use/land-cover maps were classified manually from Landsat Multispectral Scanner, Thematic Mapper, and Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus imagery using a modified Anderson Level I classification scheme. The resulting land-use/land-cover data has a 60-meter resolution and the projection is set to Albers Equal-Area Conic, North American Datum of 1983. …
Modeling Regional Salinization Of The Ogallala Aquifer, Southern High Plains, Tx, Usa, S. Mehta, A. E. Fryar, R. M. Brady, Roger H. Morin
Modeling Regional Salinization Of The Ogallala Aquifer, Southern High Plains, Tx, Usa, S. Mehta, A. E. Fryar, R. M. Brady, Roger H. Morin
United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications
Two extensive plumes (combined area >1000 km2) have been delineated within the Ogallala aquifer in the Southern High Plains, TX, USA. Salinity varies within the plumes spatially and increases with depth; Cl ranges from 50 to >500 mg l21. Variable-density flow modeling using SUTRA has identified three broad regions of upward cross-formational flow from the underlying evaporite units. The upward discharge within the modeled plume area is in the range of 10-4–10-5 m3 day-1, and the TDS concentrations are typically >3000 mg l-1. Regions of increased salinity, identified within the …
Occurrence Of Pesticides In Rain And Air In Urban And Agricultural Areas Of Mississippi, April-September 1995, R. H. Coupe, M. A. Manning, W. T. Foreman, D. A. Goolsby, M. S. Majewski
Occurrence Of Pesticides In Rain And Air In Urban And Agricultural Areas Of Mississippi, April-September 1995, R. H. Coupe, M. A. Manning, W. T. Foreman, D. A. Goolsby, M. S. Majewski
United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications
In April 1995, the US Geological Survey began a study to determine the occurrence and temporal distribution of 49 pesticides and pesticide metabolites in air and rain samples from an urban and an agricultural sampling site in Mississippi. The study was a joint effort between the National Water-Quality Assessment and the Toxic Substances Programs and was part of a larger study examining the occurrence and temporal distribution of pesticides in air and rain in the Mississippi River basin. Concurrent high-volume air and wet-only deposition samples were collected weekly. The air samplers consisted of a glass-fiber filter to collect particles and …
Pore Fluid Pressure, Apparent Friction, And Coulomb Failure, N. M. Beeler, R. W. Simpson, S. H. Hickman, D. A. Lockner
Pore Fluid Pressure, Apparent Friction, And Coulomb Failure, N. M. Beeler, R. W. Simpson, S. H. Hickman, D. A. Lockner
United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications
Many recent studies of stress-triggered seismicity rely on a fault failure
model with a single free parameter, the apparent coefficient of friction, presumed to be a material constant with possible values 0 ≤ μ ' ≤ 1. These studies may present a misleading view of fault strength and the role of pore fluid pressure in earthquake failure. The parameter μ ' is intended to incorporate the effects of both friction and pore pressure, but is a material constant only if changes in pore fluid pressure induced by changes in stress are proportional to the normal stress change across the potential …
Metal Exposure In A Benthic Macroinvertebrate, Hydropsyche Californica, Related To Mine Drainage In The Sacramento River, Daniel J. Cain, James L. Carter, Steven V. Fend, Samuel N. Luoma, Charles N. Alpers, Howard E. Taylor
Metal Exposure In A Benthic Macroinvertebrate, Hydropsyche Californica, Related To Mine Drainage In The Sacramento River, Daniel J. Cain, James L. Carter, Steven V. Fend, Samuel N. Luoma, Charles N. Alpers, Howard E. Taylor
United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications
A biomonitoring technique was employed to complement studies of metal transport in the upper Sacramento River affected by acid mine drainage. Metals (Al, Cd, Cu, Fe, Hg, Pb, and Zn) were determined in a resident invertebrate, Hydropsyche californica (Insecta: Trichoptera), and streambed sediments (<62 >μm) to assess metal contamination within a 111-km section of the river downstream of the mining area. Metals in H. californica also were interpreted to be broadly indicative of metal exposure in fish. Total Hg was determined in the whole body of the insect, whereas Al, Cd, Cu, Fe, Pb, and Zn were additionally separated into …62>
Fractured-Aquifer Hydrogeology From Geophysical Logs: Brunswick Group And Lockatong Formation, Pennsylvania, Roger H. Morin, Lisa A. Senior, Edward R. Decker
Fractured-Aquifer Hydrogeology From Geophysical Logs: Brunswick Group And Lockatong Formation, Pennsylvania, Roger H. Morin, Lisa A. Senior, Edward R. Decker
United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications
The Brunswick Group and the underlying Lockatong Formation are composed of lithified Mesozoic sediments that constitute part of the Newark Basin in southeastern Pennsylvania. These fractured rocks form an important regional aquifer that consists of gradational sequences of shale, siltstone, and sandstone, with fluid transport occurring primarily in fractures. An extensive suite of geophysical logs was obtained in seven wells located at the borough of Lansdale, Pennsylvania, in order to better characterize the areal hydrogeologic system and provide guidelines for the refinement of numerical ground water models. Six of the seven wells are approximately 120 m deep and the seventh …
Hayes County Test Hole Logs, Duane A. Eversoll
Hayes County Test Hole Logs, Duane A. Eversoll
Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications
No abstract provided.
Facies Analysis And Sequence Stratigraphy Of Crp-2/2a, Victoria Land Basin, Antarctica, Christopher R. Fielding, T R. Naish, K J. Woolfe, M A. Lavelle
Facies Analysis And Sequence Stratigraphy Of Crp-2/2a, Victoria Land Basin, Antarctica, Christopher R. Fielding, T R. Naish, K J. Woolfe, M A. Lavelle
Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications
The Oligocene to Quaternary succession encountered in CRP-2/2A is divided into twelve recurrent lithofacies (some of which have been subdivided further), reflecting a range of marine, glacimarine and possibly subglacial environments of sediment accumulation. A cyclical vertical arrangement of lithofacies was noted throughout the core, and is used as the basis for a sequence stratigraphic analysis. Twenty-four sequences are recognised, each of which begins with a Sequence Boundary (Glacial Surface of Erosion), and each is interpreted to record a cycle of glacial advance and retreat with associated changes in relative sea-level. During at least some of these cycles, ice is …
Chronostratigraphy Of Crp-2/2a, Victoria Land Basin, Antarctica, G S. Wilson, S. M. Bohaty, Christopher R. Fielding, F. Florindo, M. J. Hannah, David M. Harwood, W. C. Mcintosh, T. R. Naish, A. P. Roberts, L. Sagnotti, R. P. Scherer, C. P. Strong, K. L. Verosub, G. Villa, David K. Watkins, P. N. Webb, K. J. Woolfe
Chronostratigraphy Of Crp-2/2a, Victoria Land Basin, Antarctica, G S. Wilson, S. M. Bohaty, Christopher R. Fielding, F. Florindo, M. J. Hannah, David M. Harwood, W. C. Mcintosh, T. R. Naish, A. P. Roberts, L. Sagnotti, R. P. Scherer, C. P. Strong, K. L. Verosub, G. Villa, David K. Watkins, P. N. Webb, K. J. Woolfe
Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications
The 624.15 m glaciomarine sedimentary succession recovered in the CRP-2/2A drillcore comprises lower Oligocene (< c. 31 Ma) to lower Miocene (18.5 Ma) strata that are overlain by a thin succession of Pliocene and Pleistocene strata. The age model for the CRP-2/2A drillhole, as presented in this paper, is based on combined microfossil biostratigraphy, 40Ar/39Ar ages on volcanic material, 87Sr/86Sr analyses on mollusc shells, and correlation of a magnetic polarity zonation to the magnetic polarity time scale (MPTS). Between 25.92 and 109.05 metres below sea floor (mbsf), several alternative correlations to the MPTS are possible, all of which suggest that sediment accumulation rates averaged ~180 m/m.y. between unconformities, although actual sedimentation rates may have been higher. Between 109.05 and 306.65 mbsf, the age model is straightforward and average sedimentation rates were much higher …
Expression Of A Dominant-Negative Mutant Of P21ras Inhibits Induction Of Nitric Oxide Synthase And Activation Of Nuclear Factor-Kb In Primary Astrocytes, Kalipada Pahan, Xiaojuan Lu, Michael J. Mckinney, Charles Wood, Faruk G. Sheikh, John R. Raymond
Expression Of A Dominant-Negative Mutant Of P21ras Inhibits Induction Of Nitric Oxide Synthase And Activation Of Nuclear Factor-Kb In Primary Astrocytes, Kalipada Pahan, Xiaojuan Lu, Michael J. Mckinney, Charles Wood, Faruk G. Sheikh, John R. Raymond
School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications
The present study underlines the importance of p21ras in regulating the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in primary astrocytes. Bacterial lipopolysaccharides induced the GTP loading of p21ras, and the expression of a dominant-negative mutant of p21ras (Dp21ras) inhibited lipopolysaccharide-induced GTP loading in rat primary astrocytes. To delineate the role of p21ras in the induction of iNOS, we examined the effect of Dp21ras on the expression of iNOS and the production of nitric oxide. It is interesting that expression of Dp21ras markedly inhibited the production of nitric oxide and the expression of iNOS in lipopolysaccharide- and pro-inflammatory cytokine (tumor necrosis factor-a, …
Analysis Of Selected Herbicide Metabolites In Surface And Ground Water Of The United States, Elisabeth A. Scribner, E. M. Thurman, Lisa R. Zimmerman
Analysis Of Selected Herbicide Metabolites In Surface And Ground Water Of The United States, Elisabeth A. Scribner, E. M. Thurman, Lisa R. Zimmerman
United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications
One of the primary goals of the US Geological Survey (USGS) Laboratory in Lawrence, Kansas, is to develop analytical methods for the analysis of herbicide metabolites in surface and ground water that are vital to the study of herbicide fate and degradation pathways in the environment. Methods to measure metabolite concentrations from three major classes of herbicides ─ triazine, chloroacetanilide and phenyl-urea ─ have been developed. Methods for triazine metabolite detection cover nine compounds: six compounds are detected by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry; one is detected by high-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection; and eight are detected by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. …
Groundwater-Level Changes In Nebraska Predevelopment To 1954, University Of Nebraska - Lincoln
Groundwater-Level Changes In Nebraska Predevelopment To 1954, University Of Nebraska - Lincoln
Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications
No abstract provided.
Buffalo County Test Hole Logs, Vincent H. Dreeszen
Buffalo County Test Hole Logs, Vincent H. Dreeszen
Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications
No abstract provided.
Nebraska Information, Oregon Trail, Station Sites, University Of Nebraska - Lincoln
Nebraska Information, Oregon Trail, Station Sites, University Of Nebraska - Lincoln
Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications
No abstract provided.
Mercury Bioaccumulation In Fish In A Region Affected By Historic Gold Mining: The South Yuba River, Deer Creek, And Bear River Watersheds, California, 1999, Jason T. May, Roger L. Hothem, Charles N. Alpers, Matthew A. Law
Mercury Bioaccumulation In Fish In A Region Affected By Historic Gold Mining: The South Yuba River, Deer Creek, And Bear River Watersheds, California, 1999, Jason T. May, Roger L. Hothem, Charles N. Alpers, Matthew A. Law
United States Geological Survey: Publications
Mercury that was used historically for gold recovery in mining areas of the Sierra Nevada continues to enter local and downstream water bodies, including the Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta and the San Francisco Bay of northern California. Methylmercury is of particular concern because it is the most prevalent form of mercury in fish and is a potent neurotoxin that bioaccumulates at successive trophic levels within food webs. In April 1999, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with several other agencies—the Forest Service (U.S. Department of Agriculture), the Bureau of Land Management, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the California State Water Resources …
Mercury Contamination From Historic Gold Mining In California, Charles N. Alpers, Michael P. Hunerlach
Mercury Contamination From Historic Gold Mining In California, Charles N. Alpers, Michael P. Hunerlach
United States Geological Survey: Publications
Mercury contamination from historic gold mines represents a potential risk to human health and the environment. This fact sheet provides background information on the use of mercury in historic gold mining and processing operations in California, and describes a new USGS project that addresses the potential risks associated with mercury from these sources, with emphasis on historic hydraulic mining areas. Miners used mercury (quicksilver) to recover gold throughout the western United States at both placer (alluvial) and hardrock (lode) mines. The vast majority of mercury lost to the environment in California was from placer-gold mines, which used hydraulic, drift, and …
Metals Transport In The Sacramento River, California, 1996–1997 Volume 2: Interpretation Of Metal Loads, Charles N. Alpers, Ronald C. Antweiler, Howard E. Taylor, Peter D. Dileanis, Joseph L. Domagalski
Metals Transport In The Sacramento River, California, 1996–1997 Volume 2: Interpretation Of Metal Loads, Charles N. Alpers, Ronald C. Antweiler, Howard E. Taylor, Peter D. Dileanis, Joseph L. Domagalski
United States Geological Survey: Publications
Metals transport in the Sacramento River, northern California, from July 1996 to June 1997 was evaluated in terms of metal loads from sam-ples of water and suspended colloids that were collected on up to six occasions at 13 sites in the Sacramento River Basin. Four of the sampling periods (July, September, and November 1996; and May–June 1997) took place during relatively low-flow conditions and two sampling periods (December 1996 and January 1997) took place during high-flow and flooding conditions, respec-tively. This study focused primarily on loads of cadmium, copper, lead, and zinc, with secondary emphasis on loads of aluminum, iron, …
Frontier County Test Hole Logs, Duane A. Eversoll
Frontier County Test Hole Logs, Duane A. Eversoll
Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications
No abstract provided.
Field Trip Guide For The Upper Republican And Middle Republican Nrd's Southwestern Nebraska Geology And Soils, D. A. Eversoll, J. W. Goeke, M. Kuzila
Field Trip Guide For The Upper Republican And Middle Republican Nrd's Southwestern Nebraska Geology And Soils, D. A. Eversoll, J. W. Goeke, M. Kuzila
Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications
No abstract provided.