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Articles 631 - 660 of 917
Full-Text Articles in Earth Sciences
Lagrangian Prediction And Correlation Analysis With Eulerian Data, Mi̇ne Çağlar, Taylan Bi̇lal, Leonid Piterbarg
Lagrangian Prediction And Correlation Analysis With Eulerian Data, Mi̇ne Çağlar, Taylan Bi̇lal, Leonid Piterbarg
Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences
A velocity field obtained from the ocean surface by high-frequency radar is used to test Lagrangian prediction algorithms designed to evaluate the position of a particle given its initial position and observations of several other simultaneously released particles. The problem is motivated by oceanographic applications such as search and rescue operations and spreading pollutants, especially in coastal regions. The prediction skill is essentially determined by temporal and spatial covariances of the underlying velocity field. For this reason correlation analysis of both Lagrangian and Eulerian velocities was carried out. Space covariance functions and spectra of the velocity field are also presented …
Palaeoseismological Investigations On The Karadere Segment, North Anatolian Fault Zone, Turkey, Aynur Di̇kbaş, Hüsnü Serdar Akyüz
Palaeoseismological Investigations On The Karadere Segment, North Anatolian Fault Zone, Turkey, Aynur Di̇kbaş, Hüsnü Serdar Akyüz
Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences
The Karadere segment of the North Anatolian Fault (NAF) is the easternmost part that ruptured during the 17 August 1999 İzmit earthquake (Mw 7.4). It has a different orientation, at N65°E to other segments which have a nearly E-W trend, and lesser dextral displacement, with maximum 2.3 m in contrast with 5.2 m in the ruptured neighbouring western segment. Two palaeoseismological trenches, at Kazimiye and Karadere sites, were excavated on the central part of the Karadere segment to determine the timing of past earthquakes. Excavation of the Kazimiye site revealed the occurrence of five past events since the 4th century …
Palaeoearthquakes On The Kelkit Valley Segment Of The North Anatolian Fault, Turkey: Implications For The Surface Rupture Of The Historical 17 August 1668 Anatolian Earthquake, Cengi̇z Zabci, Hüsnü Serdar Akyüz, Volkan Karabacak, Taylan Sançar, Erhan Altunel, Hali̇l Gürsoy, Orhan Tatar
Palaeoearthquakes On The Kelkit Valley Segment Of The North Anatolian Fault, Turkey: Implications For The Surface Rupture Of The Historical 17 August 1668 Anatolian Earthquake, Cengi̇z Zabci, Hüsnü Serdar Akyüz, Volkan Karabacak, Taylan Sançar, Erhan Altunel, Hali̇l Gürsoy, Orhan Tatar
Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences
The 26 December 1939 Erzincan (Ms= 7.8) and 20 December 1942 Erbaa-Niksar (Ms= 7.1) earthquakes created a total surface rupture more than 400 km between Erzincan and Erbaa on the middle to eastern sections of the North Anatolian Fault. These two faulting events are separated by a 10-km-wide releasing stepover, which acted like a seismic barrier in the 20th century. To understand the rupture behaviour in this structurally complex section of the North Anatolian Fault, we undertook palaeoseismological trench investigations on the Kelkit Valley segment where there is little or no palaeoseismic information. We found evidence for three surface faulting …
Growth-Invariant Meristic Characters Tools To Reveal Phylogenetic Relationships In Nummulitidae (Foraminifera), Johann Hohenegger
Growth-Invariant Meristic Characters Tools To Reveal Phylogenetic Relationships In Nummulitidae (Foraminifera), Johann Hohenegger
Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences
Morphological characters that are restricted to a few growth-independent characters (such as the embryonic apparatus of nummulitids) or measurements at arbitrarily chosen growth stages (such as the second whorl in planispiral tests) do not adequately explain the phylogenetic relationships of fossil forms. Molecular-genetic investigations enlighten phylogenetic relations, but have two main disadvantages. First, they are restricted to living forms, and second, these relations are based on an extremely small part of the DNA and never on developmental and structural genes that regulate morphology. Morphometric methods based on growth-invariant characters allow modelling the test shape for each growth stage and thus …
Growth Rate Biometric Quantification By X-Ray Microtomography On Larger Benthic Foraminifera: Three-Dimensional Measurements Push Nummulitids Into The Fourth Dimension, Antonino Briguglio, Brian Metscher, Johann Hohenegger
Growth Rate Biometric Quantification By X-Ray Microtomography On Larger Benthic Foraminifera: Three-Dimensional Measurements Push Nummulitids Into The Fourth Dimension, Antonino Briguglio, Brian Metscher, Johann Hohenegger
Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences
This work demonstrates the potential of three-dimensional biometric quantification using microtomography on larger benthic foraminifera. We compare traditional linear and area measures used for calculating three-dimensional characters with actual 3D measurements made from volume images obtained using X-ray microtomography (microCT). Two specimens of recent larger benthic foraminifera, i.e., Palaeonummulites venosus and Operculina ammonoides, were imaged with a high-resolution microCT scanner. This method enables three-dimensional imaging and calculation of measurements like 3D distances, surfaces and volumes. The quantitative high-resolution images enabled the extraction of the lumina from the proloculus to the last complete scanned chamber and of the canal system spreading …
New Late Ypresian (Cuisian) Rotaliids (Foraminiferida) From Central And Southern Italy And Their Biostratigraphic Potential, Andrea Benedetti, Massimo Di Carlo, Johannes Pignatti
New Late Ypresian (Cuisian) Rotaliids (Foraminiferida) From Central And Southern Italy And Their Biostratigraphic Potential, Andrea Benedetti, Massimo Di Carlo, Johannes Pignatti
Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences
Two new rotaliid genera and three new species are described from the Upper Ypresian of Sicily and Central Italy: Ornatorotalia spinosa n. gen. n. sp., Ornatorotalia granum n. sp. and Granorotalia sublobata n. gen. n. sp. The new taxa are all dated as SBZ 11 (middle Upper Ypresian, i.e., middle Cuisian) by the presence of Cuvillierina vallensis and alveolinid biostratigraphical markers such as Alveolina cremae, A. decastroi and A. distefanoi. The systematic position of these distinctive new taxa within the family Rotaliidae Ehrenberg, 1839 and their biostratigraphic potential are discussed.
The Role Of The Palaeogene Adriatic Carbonate Platform In The Spatial Distribution Of Alveolinids, Katica Drobne, Vlasta Cosovic, Alan Moro, Damir Buckovic
The Role Of The Palaeogene Adriatic Carbonate Platform In The Spatial Distribution Of Alveolinids, Katica Drobne, Vlasta Cosovic, Alan Moro, Damir Buckovic
Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences
Sediments of the Palaeogene Adriatic carbonate platform, a distinctive palaeogeographic unit, are today exposed along the eastern Adriatic coast for a distance of 800 km and a width of 100-130 km. The large number of identified alveolinid species (69) from the Early Ypresian (Ilerdian) to the Bartonian record the dynamics of their evolution, with emphasis on the following: (1) great species diversity and great abundance in the middle Ilerdian (SBZ 7-8) followed by a sharp decline in occurrences at the Ilerdian/Cuisian transition; (2) a diversity boom in the late Ypresian (late Cuisian, SBZ 11-12) and (3) an abrupt decrease in …
Stratigraphy And Larger Foraminifera Of The Middle Eocene To Lower Oligocene Shallow-Marine Units In The Northern And Eastern Parts Of The Thrace Basin, Nw Turkey, György Less, Ercan Özcan, Aral Okay
Stratigraphy And Larger Foraminifera Of The Middle Eocene To Lower Oligocene Shallow-Marine Units In The Northern And Eastern Parts Of The Thrace Basin, Nw Turkey, György Less, Ercan Özcan, Aral Okay
Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences
The shallow-marine Eocene Soğucak Limestone and Oligocene Ceylan Formation were studied in the northern and eastern parts of the Thrace Basin with detailed biometric analysis of the full spectrum of larger benthic foraminifera (mainly nummulitids and orthophragmines). This allows us to establish a high-resolution biostratigraphy in the context of the shallow benthic zonation (with SBZ zones) of the Tethyan Palaeogene since larger foraminiferal assemblages show a very strong Western Tethyan affinity. Only two species (Heterostegina armenica and Orbitoclypeus haynesi) are unknown so far to the west of the Thrace Basin. The age of particular larger foraminiferal sites is determined based …
Great Caucasus (Cavcasioni): A Long-Lived North-Tethyan Back-Arc Basin, Shota Adamia, Victor Alania, Aleksandre Chabukiani, Zurab Kutelia, Nino Sadradze
Great Caucasus (Cavcasioni): A Long-Lived North-Tethyan Back-Arc Basin, Shota Adamia, Victor Alania, Aleksandre Chabukiani, Zurab Kutelia, Nino Sadradze
Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences
The Great Caucasus is a northwest-southeast-directed mountain range more than 1100 km long, located between the Black Sea and Caspian Sea. It represents an intracontinental tectonic system resulting from the Late Cenozoic structural inversion of a Palaeozoic-Mesozoic-Early Cenozoic back-arc basin (Dizi basin) in response to the convergence of the Africa-Arabian and Eurasian lithospheric plates. It is bounded to the south by the Transcaucasian massif, a palaeo-island-arc, and to the north by the Scythian platform. The Great Caucasus fold-and-thrust mountain belt is characterized by complete, intensive folding, mainly south vergent imbricated thrusting, close-joint cleavage etc. Structural relationships of the Great Caucasian …
Stratigraphy, Sedimentology And Palynology Of The Neogene-Pleistocene(?) Rocks Around Akçaşehir- Tire-İzmir (Küçük Menderes Graben, Western Anatolia), Tahi̇r Emre, Meti̇n Tavlan, Mehmet Serkan Akki̇raz, İsmai̇l İşi̇ntek
Stratigraphy, Sedimentology And Palynology Of The Neogene-Pleistocene(?) Rocks Around Akçaşehir- Tire-İzmir (Küçük Menderes Graben, Western Anatolia), Tahi̇r Emre, Meti̇n Tavlan, Mehmet Serkan Akki̇raz, İsmai̇l İşi̇ntek
Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences
The basement rocks located in the central part of the southern edge of the Küçük Menderes Graben, around Akçaşehir-Tire are composed of marbles, schists, gneisses and metagabbros of the Ödemiş-Kiraz submassif of the Menderes Massif, and schists, marbles and meta-olistostromes of the Cycladic Complex. The basement is unconformably overlain by Neogene-Quaternary continental sediments. These continental basin fills are comprised of the Ayaklıkırı Formation, the Aydoğdu Formation and alluvium that unconformably overlies them. The Lower-Upper Miocene Ayaklıkırı Formation consists of lacustrine and fluvial deposits. The Plio-Pleistocene (?) Aydoğdu Formation is made up of alluvial fan deposits. Vast plains of alluvium cover …
The Gümüldür Fire Opal: Mode Of Occurrence And Mineralogical Aspects, Zeki̇ye Karacik, Şengül Can Genç, Recep Fahri̇ Esenli̇, Gülteki̇n Göller
The Gümüldür Fire Opal: Mode Of Occurrence And Mineralogical Aspects, Zeki̇ye Karacik, Şengül Can Genç, Recep Fahri̇ Esenli̇, Gülteki̇n Göller
Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences
Five types of silica polymorphs have been identified in dacitic volcanics from the Gümüldür region of western Anatolia, Turkey. Two of them are micro-quartz and disordered cristobalite (opal-C) that occur within the groundmass of the dacitic volcanic rocks. The others are pore-filling opal nodules including mainly massy opal-CT (opal-CTM) and rarely lussatite (opal-CTL) and amorphous opal (opal-A). Red and orange opal nodules are very similar to the gemologically well-known fire opals. Results of structural, chemical and thermal studies of the Gümüldür opals reveal their origin and mode of occurrence. Opal-CTM has gel-like or nano-grain texture and opal-CTL has a fibrous, …
Geology And Correlation Of The Mersin Mélanges, Southern Turkey, Patrice Moix, Laurent Beccaletto, Olivier Masset, Heinz W. Kozur, Paulian Dumitrica, Daniel Vachard, Rossana Martini, Gerard Stampfli
Geology And Correlation Of The Mersin Mélanges, Southern Turkey, Patrice Moix, Laurent Beccaletto, Olivier Masset, Heinz W. Kozur, Paulian Dumitrica, Daniel Vachard, Rossana Martini, Gerard Stampfli
Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences
Our paper aims to give a thorough description of the infra-ophiolitic mélanges associated with the Mersin ophiolite. We propose new regional correlations of the Mersin mélanges with other mélange-like units or similar series, located both in southern Turkey and adjacent regions. The palaeotectonic implications of the correlations are also discussed. The main results may be summarized as follows: the infra-ophiolitic mélange is subdivided into two units, the Upper Cretaceous Sorgun ophiolitic mélange and the Ladinian-Carnian Hacialanı mélange. The Mersin mélanges, together with the Antalya and Mamonia domains, are represented by a series of exotic units now found south of the …
Short Note On The Use Of Neotectonic And Palaeotectonic Nomenclature, Douwe J.J. Van Hinsbergen
Short Note On The Use Of Neotectonic And Palaeotectonic Nomenclature, Douwe J.J. Van Hinsbergen
Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences
The terms 'palaeotectonic' and 'neotectonic' are entrenched in the literature of Anatolian geology, used to subdivide the tectonic history before and after the last major tectonic change, which is frequently linked to the Arabia-Eurasia collision and the onset of westward Anatolian escape along the North Anatolian Fault Zone. This short note, however, illustrates that many different authors use different definitions for the age and cause of onset, and style of 'neotectonics', leading to needless confusion in Turkish geological literature. In addition, in recent years it has become common practice to use the neotectonic period as a stratigraphic correlation tool, leading …
First Records Of Late Devonian Entomozoacean Ostracods In North-Western Turkey, Ati̇ke Nazi̇k, Helga Groos-Uffenorde
First Records Of Late Devonian Entomozoacean Ostracods In North-Western Turkey, Ati̇ke Nazi̇k, Helga Groos-Uffenorde
Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences
Entomozoacean ostracods (pelagic socalled fingerprint-ostracods) have recently been observed for the first time in Upper Devonian sediments of the Darlık B Section from the İstanbul region, north-western Turkey. These new assemblages consist of Entomoprimitia nitida, Entomoprimitia sartenaeri, Entomoprimitia concentrica, Franklinella calcarata, Waldeckella erecta?, Rabienella n. sp. c, aff. reichi sensu Rabien & Rabitz 1958, Rabienella reichi, Richterina (Volkina) zimmermanni and Nehdentomis pseudorichterina and can be dated as Late Frasnian Entomoprimitia sartenaeri Zone (= variostriata Zone sensu Rabien 1954). These entomozoacean ostracods indicate a faunal relationship with Germany (Rhenish Schiefergebirge, Harz Mountains, Thuringia), Poland (Holy Cross Mountains), N France-Belgium (Ardennes), Volgo-Ural …
First Report Of A Trilobite In The Carboniferous Of Eastern Pontides, Ne Turkey, Rai̇f Kandemi̇r, Rudy Lerosey-Aubril
First Report Of A Trilobite In The Carboniferous Of Eastern Pontides, Ne Turkey, Rai̇f Kandemi̇r, Rudy Lerosey-Aubril
Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences
The pre-Mesozoic basement of the Eastern Pontides consists of a Permo-Carboniferous sedimentary sequence including the Çatalçeşme and Hardişi formations. The Çatalçeşme Formation has yielded rich assemblages of fusulinids, corals, gastropods, brachiopods, bryozoans, algae, conodonts and plants. Hitherto trilobites were unknown from this formation; here we report the discovery of a pygidium from a dark grey limestone bed near the top. Trilobites are a minor component of benthic marine communities during the Late Pennsylvanian, and to our knowledge, the discovery of this pygidium constitutes the first report of their occurrence in deposits of this age in Turkey. The morphological characteristics of …
Integrated Oligocene−Lower Miocene Larger And Planktonic Foraminiferal Biostratigraphy Of The Kahramanmaraş Basin (Southern Anatolia, Turkey), Uğraş Işik, Aynur Hakyemez
Integrated Oligocene−Lower Miocene Larger And Planktonic Foraminiferal Biostratigraphy Of The Kahramanmaraş Basin (Southern Anatolia, Turkey), Uğraş Işik, Aynur Hakyemez
Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences
An integrated biostratigraphical analysis based on the larger and planktonic foraminifera from three sections provides a well-defined zonal scheme of the Oligocene-Lower Miocene successions in the Kahramanmaraş Basin. The planktonic foraminiferal zonation is based on a combination of standard (P) and Mediterranean (MMi) zonal schemes and consists of Turborotalia ampliapertura (P19), Globigerina angulisuturalis-Paragloborotalia opima opima (P21), Globigerina ciperoensis (P22) biozones spanning the Upper Rupelian-Chattian interval and Globoquadrina dehiscens-Globigerinoides altiaperturus (MMi 2a), Globigerinoides altiaperturus-Catapsydrax dissimilis (MMi 2b) and Globigerinoides trilobus (MMi 3) biozones in the Upper Aquitanian-Burdigalian interval. The larger foraminiferal zonation of the studied successions has been established by means …
Geodynamic Significance Of The Early Triassic Karaburun Granitoid (Western Turkey) For The Opening History Of Neo-Tethys, Cüneyt Akal, Osman Ersi̇n Koralay, Osman Candan, Oberhaensli Roland, Fukun Chen
Geodynamic Significance Of The Early Triassic Karaburun Granitoid (Western Turkey) For The Opening History Of Neo-Tethys, Cüneyt Akal, Osman Ersi̇n Koralay, Osman Candan, Oberhaensli Roland, Fukun Chen
Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences
The Karaburun Peninsula, which is considered part of the Anatolide-Tauride Block of Turkey, contains clastic and carbonate sequences deposited on the northern margin of Gondwana. The Palaeozoic clastic sequence, which is intruded by the Early Triassic granitoid and tectonically overlies a Mesozoic mélange sequence, can be divided into three subunits: a lower clastic subunit consisting of a sandstone-shale alternation, an upper clastic subunit consisting of black chert-bearing shales, sandstone and conglomerate, and a Permo-Carboniferous carbonate subunit. The lower Triassic Karaburun I-type granitoid has a high initial ^8^7Sr/^8^6Sr ratio (0.709021-0.709168), and low ^1^4^3Nd/^1^4^4Nd ratio (0.512004-0.512023) and \epsilonNd (-5.34 to -5.70) isotopic …
Geology And Tectonic Emplacement Of Eclogite And Blueschists, Biga Peninsula, Northwest Turkey, Firat Şengün, Erdi̇nç Yi̇ği̇tbaş, İsmai̇l Onur Tunç
Geology And Tectonic Emplacement Of Eclogite And Blueschists, Biga Peninsula, Northwest Turkey, Firat Şengün, Erdi̇nç Yi̇ği̇tbaş, İsmai̇l Onur Tunç
Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences
The Biga Peninsula in northwestern Anatolia is a tectonic mosaic, comprising different tectonic units, representing the Sakarya Continent and oceanic assemblages of different origin and ages. The Çamlıca metamorphic association, a member of this orogenic mosaic in the westernmost part of the peninsula, is subdivided into three formations, from bottom to top; the Andıktaşı formation, the Dedetepe formation, and the Salihler formation. Eclogite-facies metamorphic rocks occur as tectonic slices within schist-marble intercalations of the Dedetepe formation. These slices, about 2 km long and 500 m wide, include two different rock types; (i) quartz-mica schists, and (ii) metabasite lenses with eclogite/blueschist …
Morphological And Stratigraphic Investigation Of A Holocene Subaqueous Shelf Fan, North Of The İstanbul Strait In The Black Sea, Seda Okay, Benoit Jupinet, Gilles Lericolais, Günay Çi̇fci̇, Catherina Morigi
Morphological And Stratigraphic Investigation Of A Holocene Subaqueous Shelf Fan, North Of The İstanbul Strait In The Black Sea, Seda Okay, Benoit Jupinet, Gilles Lericolais, Günay Çi̇fci̇, Catherina Morigi
Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences
In 2002, the Bosphorus outlet was mapped using an EM 300 multibeam echo-sounder together with a Chirp sonar system. This survey, carried out on board the Ifremer RV 'Le Suroit' in the frame of the BlaSON project, completes the data previously acquired directly at the mouth of the Bosphorus by Di Iorio et al. (1999) in the frame of a NATO SACLANT Undersea Research project using jointly the NATO RV Alliance, and the Turkish Navy Survey ship 'Çubuklu'. This acoustic imaging has identified a canyon system at the slope and a shallow marine fan, which contains shelf incisions extending the …
Geological, Geomorphological And Archaeoseismological Observations Along The Cibyra Fault And Their Implications For The Regional Tectonics Of Sw Turkey, Volkan Karabacak
Geological, Geomorphological And Archaeoseismological Observations Along The Cibyra Fault And Their Implications For The Regional Tectonics Of Sw Turkey, Volkan Karabacak
Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences
In this paper, the Cibyra segment of the Fethiye-Burdur Fault Zone (FBFZ) is investigated using direct field evidence, which helps clarify the controversial behaviour of this zone. The remains of the ancient city of Cibyra which is located on the Cibyra Fault provide invaluable data in documenting traces of fault deformations and related palaeoearthquakes. Slickensides on fault planes, deflected stream beds and terraces, fault-parallel elongated ridges along the Cibyra Fault are the clearest surface evidence for left-lateral faulting. Archaeoseismological evidence in the ancient city is consistent with the geological and geomorphological observations along the fault. Based on detailed field observations, …
Geological And Palaeoseismological Evidence For Late Pleistocene−Holocene Activity On The Manisa Fault Zone, Western Anatolia, Çağlar Özkaymak, Hasan Sözbi̇li̇r, Bora Uzel, Hüsnü Serdar Akyüz
Geological And Palaeoseismological Evidence For Late Pleistocene−Holocene Activity On The Manisa Fault Zone, Western Anatolia, Çağlar Özkaymak, Hasan Sözbi̇li̇r, Bora Uzel, Hüsnü Serdar Akyüz
Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences
In West Anatolia near the cities of İzmir and Manisa, the historical occurrence of large earthquakes suggests the presence of important seismogenic faults. However, these faults have yet to be investigated in detail. The Manisa Fault Zone (MFZ) is an active large-scale normal fault system in this area, and thus field observations and palaeoseismological studies of this zone are important for predicting future earthquakes. Hence we sought to document geological and palaeoseismological evidence for Holocene activity on the MFZ. We performed trenching to determine the magnitude and timing of past surface-faulting events using detailed fault-trace mapping, measurements of Upper Pleistocene-Lower …
Early Oligocene Larger Foraminiferal Biostratigraphy Of The Qom Formation, South Of Uromieh (Nw Iran), Mohsen Yazdi Moghadam
Early Oligocene Larger Foraminiferal Biostratigraphy Of The Qom Formation, South Of Uromieh (Nw Iran), Mohsen Yazdi Moghadam
Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences
The marine strata of the Qom Formation south of Uromieh (Baranduz) yielded a moderately diverse larger benthic foraminiferal fauna resembling the fauna already described from European marine sequences. The fauna allowed the author to correlate the larger foraminiferal assemblage of northwestern Iran with the standard shallow benthic zonation. The assemblage is dominated by hyaline and porcellaneous forms including Operculina, Nummulites, Neorotalia, Penarchaias, Victoriella, Peneroplis, Praerhapydionina, Spirolina, Halkyardia, Planorbulina, Dendritina, Borelis and Bullaveolina. This faunal assemblage is also accompanied by coralline alga Subterraniphyllum thomasii. The presence of Nummulites cf. fichteli and N. cf. vascus in the absence of Lepidocyclina allows correlation …
Different Degrees Of Partial Melting Of The Enriched Mantle Source For Plio−Quaternary Basic Volcanism, Toprakkale (Osmaniye) Region, Southern Turkey, Utku Bağci, Musa Alpaslan, Robert Frei, Mehmet Ali̇ Kurt, Abi̇di̇n Temel
Different Degrees Of Partial Melting Of The Enriched Mantle Source For Plio−Quaternary Basic Volcanism, Toprakkale (Osmaniye) Region, Southern Turkey, Utku Bağci, Musa Alpaslan, Robert Frei, Mehmet Ali̇ Kurt, Abi̇di̇n Temel
Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences
The Toprakkale (Osmaniye) region, located in the Yumurtalık fault zone in southern Turkey, contains Quaternary volcanic rocks, shown by their mineralogical and petrographical features to be alkali basaltic and basanitic. These alkaline rocks are enriched in the large ion lithophile elements (LILE) Ba, Th and U, and show light rare earth element (LREE) enrichment relative to heavy rare earth element (HREE) on primitive mantle trace and rare earth element patterns that indicate different partial melting of the same source. The isotopic 87Sr/86Sr ratio is relatively low (0.703534-0.703575 for the alkali basalts and 0.703120-0.703130 for the basanites) and the 143Nd/144Nd ratio …
A New Species Of Angariid Gastropod From The Early Thanetian Of The Haymana-Polatlı Basin, Turkey, İzzet Hoşgör, Yavuz Okan
A New Species Of Angariid Gastropod From The Early Thanetian Of The Haymana-Polatlı Basin, Turkey, İzzet Hoşgör, Yavuz Okan
Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences
A new trochoidean species, Angaria calvii n. sp., from the early Thanetian of the Kırkkavak Formation (Haymana-Polatlı Basin, Palaeocene) in central Anatolia, is described and placed in the family Turbinidae. Previously, the oldest Cenozoic Angaria was recorded from the Early Palaeocene (Danian) in France (Paris Basin). In this paper, we report the second discovery of the oldest angariid specimens from the Thanetian sediments of the Tethys realm, a stratigraphic position which is supported by the foraminiferal-red alga assemblages at this locality.
New Data On The Dasycladales From The Lower Eocene Of Seyitgazi Region, Eskişehir, Central Turkey, Rajka Radoicic, Nazi̇re Erdem
New Data On The Dasycladales From The Lower Eocene Of Seyitgazi Region, Eskişehir, Central Turkey, Rajka Radoicic, Nazi̇re Erdem
Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences
An association of Dasycladalean algae is identified from the Lower Eocene (Ilerdian-Cuisian) of the Seyitgazi area, Western Anatolia. The association consists mostly of the genus Belzungia Morellet and Anatolia n. gen. This is the first discovery of such a rich and diversified dasycladalean flora with Belzungia in the Eocene of Central Tethys. The genus Belzungia is represented by four species: Belzungia terquemi Morellet, B. silvestrii (Pfender), B. bella (Ju Ying) Radoicic and B. pfenderae n. sp. Belzungia articles consist of whorls characterized by an assemblage of laterals, in the transversal section of which, the primary laterals are distally enlarged (sub-triangular …
Sphalerite Associated With Pyrrhotite-Chalcopyrite Ore Occurring In The Kotana Fe-Skarn Deposit (Giresun, Ne Turkey): Exsolution Or Replacement, Emi̇n Çi̇ftçi̇
Sphalerite Associated With Pyrrhotite-Chalcopyrite Ore Occurring In The Kotana Fe-Skarn Deposit (Giresun, Ne Turkey): Exsolution Or Replacement, Emi̇n Çi̇ftçi̇
Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences
The Kotana prospect is located about 30 km south of Giresun (NE Turkey). The ore mineralization is a Fe-skarn occurring within the low-grade pre-Lower Jurassic Pınarlar metamorphics, consisting of marble-phyllite intruded by the Upper Cretaceous-Eocene Aksu biotite monzogranite. The principal primary ore minerals include pyrrhotite and magnetite along with minor pyrite (I) and chalcopyrite, accompanied by trace sphalerite. Sphalerite is closely associated with chalcopyrite and to a lesser extent with hexagonal pyrrhotite. Secondary ore minerals include pyrite (II), marcasite, martite, hematite, goethite, lepidocrocite, and intermediate Fe-oxides-hydroxides. Gangue minerals are mainly calcite and quartz. Oxidation of the primary sulphides resulted in …
Late-Medieval Plagioclase-Titanaugite-Bearing Iron Slags Of The Yapraklı Area (Çankırı), Turkey, W. E. Sharp, Steven K. Mittwede
Late-Medieval Plagioclase-Titanaugite-Bearing Iron Slags Of The Yapraklı Area (Çankırı), Turkey, W. E. Sharp, Steven K. Mittwede
Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences
A mineralogical, mineral-geochemical and ^1^4C geochronological study of slags, previously identified as copper slags, in the Yapraklı area (Çankırı Province) of central Anatolia, has demonstrated that these are late-medieval iron slags consisting mainly of fayalite, glass, plagioclase, titanaugite, ulvöspinel and metallic iron. Because of the high lime content, relative to other medieval and Roman slags, these slags are quite anomalous in their lack of both modal and normative wüstite. Further study of these sites could shed light on the mining history and smelting methods of central Anatolia during a relatively obscure period of major socio-ethnic transition.
Geophysical Variations During The Total Solar Eclipse In 2006 In Turkey, Abdullah Ateş, Aydin Büyüksaraç, Özcan Bektaş
Geophysical Variations During The Total Solar Eclipse In 2006 In Turkey, Abdullah Ateş, Aydin Büyüksaraç, Özcan Bektaş
Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences
It has been observed that some geophysical parameters could be changed during a solar eclipse. We have therefore measured gravity and magnetic fields during solar eclipses. We also measured the gravity field during the previous eclipse on the 11^t^h of August, 1999. Gravity measurements on the 29^t^h of March, 2006 are compared with previous gravity measurements at the same location during the eclipse on the 11^t^h of August, 1999. Both showed the same behaviour during the eclipses. Gravity measurements showed fluctuations during both eclipses. A decrease in the intensity of the magnetic field was observed. Low-pass filtered magnetic data show …
Pre-Jurassic Basement Of The Greater Caucasus: Brief Overview, Mark L. Somin
Pre-Jurassic Basement Of The Greater Caucasus: Brief Overview, Mark L. Somin
Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences
The main units of the Greater Caucasus pre-Jurassic basement are represented by Svanetian and North-Caucasian domains brought together tectonically. The former includes continuous Devonian to Upper Triassic marine sequence devoid of any manifestation of Variscan orogenic activity. In contrast, within the limits of the North-Caucasian domain the Variscan events are expressed in classical form. This domain is very heterogeneous and contains both metamorphosed and unmetamorphosed formations. Till recently the former was considered by most authors to be mainly Proterozoic. New geochronological data indicate that the predominant part of these complexes is Palaeozoic in their protolith age. Lithology, P/T conditions of …
Upper Jurassic Reefs From The Russian Western Caucasus: Implications For The Eastern Black Sea, Li Guo, Stephen J. Vincent, Vladimir Lavrishchev
Upper Jurassic Reefs From The Russian Western Caucasus: Implications For The Eastern Black Sea, Li Guo, Stephen J. Vincent, Vladimir Lavrishchev
Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences
Exposures of Upper Jurassic reef outcrops in the Russian western Caucasus provide excellent field analogues for possible reef-complex reservoir targets imaged on seismic reflection data from the northern Shatskiy Ridge, eastern Black Sea. The reefs at outcrop can be generally grouped into coral-dominated, siliceous sponge-microbialite and microbialite types. Coral-dominated reefs occur as isolated patchy and massive forms, and can be subdivided into higher-diversity and low-diversity types. The former developed at shallow-water platform margins and in platform interiors, whilst the latter occurred in deeper-water mid-shelf settings. Siliceous sponge-microbialite and microbialite reefs occur as lenses and mounds that were restricted to deeper-water …