Earth Sciences Commons^™

Proceedings -- National Wilderness Research Conference: Current Research, United States Department Of Agriculture, Forest Service

Forestry

Includes more than 70 reports of current wilderness research. Papers are organized around nine topics: wilderness resource research, including natural fire, air quality, impacts to soil and vegetation, fish and wildlife, and water; and wilderness user research related to recreational use and user characteristics, attitudes and behavior, benefits, and management concepts and tools.

Development Of Oriented Lakes In The Eastern Rainbasin Region Of South Central Nebraska, James P. Krueger

School of Natural Resources: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

The Eastern Rainbasin region is located on a relatively flat-lying, loess-covered plain. The gently sloping land surface is poorly drained and in places local drainage is toward basins which lack external drainage. In the spring, excell precipitation collects in these basins, forming small lakes and marshes. It is these ephemeral lakes that give the region its name.

Factors Affecting Anion Movement And Retention In Four Forest Soils, D. W. Johnson, D. W. Cole, H. Van Miegroet, F. W. Horng

Watershed Sciences Faculty Publications

Three hypotheses concerning the movement and retention of anions in forest soils were tested in a series of laboratory and field studies on two Tennessee Ultisols with mixed deciduous forest cover and two Washington Inceptisols, one with deciduous (red alder Alnus rubra Bong.) and one with coniferous [Douglas-fir, Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco] forest cover. The first hypothesis, that sulfate and phosphate retention was related to adsorption to free Fe and Al oxides, which were in turn related to soil parent material and degree of weathering, was not supported by results of laboratory and field studies. The young, relatively unweathered Washington …

Rock Phosphates : Fertilisers For Sandy Soils?, J S. Yeates, D. M. Deeley, G. T.B. Cockerton, M. F. Clarke

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Rock phosphates, from which water solubls phosphorus fertilisers such as superphosphate are manufactured, sometimes appear attractive to farmers because of their relatively low cost. But redearch has shown t6hat on most western australian soils they are not economical fertilisers. However, some deep sandy soils of the State's high rainfall area are exeptions. On these soils, rock phosphates compare favourably with superphosphate for plant growth. But how can these deep sands be identified.

This article describes research to define the soil characteristics necessary for rock phosphates and fertilisers containing rock phosphate, such as Coastal superphosphate, to be effective substitutes for superphosphate.

Reconnaissance Bathymetry Of Basins Occupied By Pleistocene Lake Lahontan, Nevada And California, Larry Benson, M. D. Mifflin

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

Beginning about 12,500 years B.P., Lake Lahontan began to decline (fig. 1: Black Rock Desert data from Davis [1983]; Truckee River Delta data from Born [1972]; tufa data from Benson [1981]; packrat-midden data from Thompson and others [1985]) . As water levels declined, their altitudes fell below sill altitudes (table 1); locations of these sills are shown in figure 2. Today, five surface-water bodies (Black Rock Playa, Humboldt-Carson Sink, Walker Lake, Pyramid Lake, Honey Lake) exist in four of the seven subbasins (fig. 2).

The collective surface area of the modern lakes today (1985) totals less than 1,600 km2 . …

Shire Of Wanneroo : A Study Of Land Resources And Planning Considerations, Department Of Agriculture, Western Australia, M R. Wells, A J. Clarke

Resource management technical reports

No abstract provided.

Thiram And Methiocarb As Deer Mouse Repellents And Agents For Conditioned Aversion, Bobbi A. Holm

School of Natural Resources: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

No abstract provided.

Innovative Transfer And Exchange Plans, Glenn E. Porzak

Colorado Water Issues and Options: The 90's and Beyond: Toward Maximum Beneficial Use of Colorado's Water Resources (October 8)

36 pages (includes maps).

Contains footnotes (page 32).

Voluntary Approaches To Basinwide Water Management, Neil S. Grigg

Colorado Water Issues and Options: The 90's and Beyond: Toward Maximum Beneficial Use of Colorado's Water Resources (October 8)

13 pages (includes illustration).

Contains references (page 11).

Interstate Transfers Of Water: Many A Slip ‘Twixt The Cup And The Lip, Howard Holme

Colorado Water Issues and Options: The 90's and Beyond: Toward Maximum Beneficial Use of Colorado's Water Resources (October 8)

44 pages (includes maps and tables).

Contains 6 pages of footnotes.

Engineering And Hydrologic Issues In Changing Water Uses, Leonard Rice

Colorado Water Issues and Options: The 90's and Beyond: Toward Maximum Beneficial Use of Colorado's Water Resources (October 8)

26 pages (includes maps, charts and illustrations).

Contains references (page 18).

A Market-Based Approach To Water Rights: Evaluating Colorado’S System, Stephen F. Williams

Colorado Water Issues and Options: The 90's and Beyond: Toward Maximum Beneficial Use of Colorado's Water Resources (October 8)

33 pages.

Contains footnotes.

Agenda: Colorado Water Issues And Options: The 90'S And Beyond: Toward Maximum Beneficial Use Of Colorado's Water Resources, University Of Colorado Boulder. Natural Resources Law Center, Colorado Water Resources Research Institute. Cooperative Extension Service

Colorado Water Issues and Options: The 90's and Beyond: Toward Maximum Beneficial Use of Colorado's Water Resources (October 8)

Presented by Natural Resources Law Center, University of Colorado School of Law and Cooperative Extension Service, Colorado Water Resources Research Institute, Colorado State University.

Conference organizers and/or speakers included University of Colorado School of Law professors Lawrence J. MacDonnell, David H. Getches and Stephen F. Williams.

The conference theme is "Toward Maximum Beneficial Use of Colorado's Water Resources." The purpose of the conference is to provide a forum for public discussion of Colorado's system of water law and administration and to make recommendations for future action.

Administering Colorado’S Water: A Critique Of The Present Approach, Clyde O. Martz, Bennett W. Raley

Colorado Water Issues and Options: The 90's and Beyond: Toward Maximum Beneficial Use of Colorado's Water Resources (October 8)

41 pages.

Contains footnotes.

Wasted Water: The Problems And Promise Of Improving Efficiency Under Western Water Law, Steven J. Shupe

Colorado Water Issues and Options: The 90's and Beyond: Toward Maximum Beneficial Use of Colorado's Water Resources (October 8)

61 pages.

Includes footnotes (pages 49-56).

Factors Affecting Colorado’S Water Future: Summary Of Results Of Survey Conducted April 1985, Lawrence J. Macdonnell

Colorado Water Issues and Options: The 90's and Beyond: Toward Maximum Beneficial Use of Colorado's Water Resources (October 8)

7 pages.

Nontributary Ground Water: A Continuing Dilemma, William A. Paddock

Colorado Water Issues and Options: The 90's and Beyond: Toward Maximum Beneficial Use of Colorado's Water Resources (October 8)

47 pages.

Contains 2 pages of footnotes.

Meeting Colorado’S Water Requirements: An Overview Of The Issues, David H. Getches

Colorado Water Issues and Options: The 90's and Beyond: Toward Maximum Beneficial Use of Colorado's Water Resources (October 8)

43 pages (includes tables and map).

Includes 3 pages of footnotes.

Leachate Monitoring In Naturally Saline Groundwater Chesapeake Landfill Chesapeake Virginia, T. Britt Mcmillan

OES Theses and Dissertations

Groundwater chemistry around the Chesapeake municipal landfill was monitored over a one year period. Ten sample sites as well as two surface water sites were used to monitor water quality. Two wells, one at 3 m and the other at 10 m were located at each site. Surface water samples were taken from the Elizabeth River, north of the landfill, and a tidal channel, west of the landfill. Seven groundwater sites were downgradient of the landfill and three sites were upgradient (control sites).

The landfill overlies a tidal marsh, approximately 100 m south of the intracoastal waterway (Elizabeth River). Dredge …

Modeling Of Overland Flow By The Diffusion Wave Approach, Rao S. Govindaraju, S. E. Jones, M. L. Kavvas

KWRRI Research Reports

One of the major issues of present times, i.e. water quality degradation and a need for precise answers to transport of pollutants by overland flow, is addressed with special reference to the evaporator pits located adjacent to streams in the oil-producing regions of Eastern Kentucky. The practical shortcomings of the state-of-the-art kinematic wave are discussed and a new mathematical modeling-approach for overland flows using the more comprehensive diffusion wave is attempted as the first step in solving this problem. A Fourier series representation of the solution to the diffusion wave is adopted and found to perform well. The physically justified …

Development Of General Guidelines For The Planning Of Stormwater Management Facilities: Application To Urban Watersheds In Kentucky, Lindell E. Ormsbee, Vincent T. Reinert

KWRRI Research Reports

This report provides a planning methodology and a design tool to help determine the appropriate location and volume of detention basins required to control critical storm events. The technique involves using watershed characteristics including the SCS curve number, time of concentration, peak outflow rate, watershed area and the storage recurrence interval to help predict these detention volumes.

Historical rainfall records are used in a revised continuous simulation program (SYNOP, Hydroscience, Inc,) to determine the rainfall excess from which runoff hydrographs are produced. Various combinations of the watershed characteristics were input and computer analyses done to obtain the required data base. …

Physical Properties Of Tar Sand Tailings That Influence Their Ability To Sustain Plant Growth, Timothy Cole

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The mining of bituminous sandstone rock for the purpose of extracting bitumen has created a need for reclamation. One such mine is located in northern Logan County. Their mining operation involves removing large sections of sandstone, which is impregnated with bitumen, and crushing it to sand-sized material. The sand-sized material is then mixed with organic solvents which extract the bitumen. Once separated, the bitumen is stored for future refinement and the spent sand is stockpiled for later disposal.

The spent sands or waste material are referred to as tar sand tailings. These tailings have particular properties which make reclamation efforts …

Effects Of Urbanization On The Quantity And Quality Of Storm Water Runoff Recharging Through Caves Into The Edwards Aquifer, Bexar County, Texas, George Veni

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Eighty-nine caves and sinkholes were investigated in the Edwards Aquifer recharge zone in Bexar County, Texas. The study examined their hydrogeologic and topographic origins and distribution, relationships to major fracture traces, quantity of recharge into the aquifer and degree of sensitivity towards degradation of the aquifer’s water quality. Groundwater traces were attempted to determine aquifer flow routes, time of groundwater travel, groundwater volume within conduits, and the aquifer’s capacity for dilution and dispersion of recharged contaminants. Trends in water quality were examined to quantify the volume and variety of contaminants recharged into the aquifer and to determine the effects of …

Identification Of Soil-Water Chemical Parameters For The Prediction And Treatment Of Suspended Solids In Surface Water Reservoirs Of Coal Mine Lands, V. P. Evangelou, J. H. Grove, R. I. Barnhisel

KWRRI Research Reports

High concentrations of suspended solids in coal mine sedimentation ponds are a factor in lowering water quality. Colloidal particle settling simulations were carried out in the laboratory to test the influence pH and dissolved solids have on concentration and settling rates of suspended solids. The results of the study reveal that the pH range of colloidal coflocculation for the samples tested is between 3.5 and 4.5. Furthermore, liming simulation of acidic sediments, as expected increased colloid dispersion. This increase was dependent on the magnitude of the sodium adsorption ratio (SAR). The greater SAR systems maintained a greater concentration of colloidal …

Changes In Photosynthesis Rate In Pinus Sylvestris L. And Pinus Banksiana Lamb Seedlings Subjected To Drought Stress, George A. Riggs Jr.

School of Natural Resources: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

No abstract provided.

Middle Miocene To Recent Stratigraphy And Paleogeography Of Western Nebraska, James B. Swinehart, Vernon L. Souders, H. M. Degraw, Robert F. Diffendal Jr.

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

Two generally distinctive suites of sediments occur in western Nebraska, one dominantly volcaniclastic in origin deposited from the Oligocene through Early Miocene, and the other mainly epiclastic in origin deposited from the Middle Miocene through the Holocene. We have combined the epiclastic deposits usually placed in the Hemingford and Ogallala groups into an expanded Ogallala Group and have abandoned the member subdivisions of the Broadwater Formation.

New Evidence Supporting The Blancan Age Of The Sand And Gravel Sequence Capping The Ash Hollow Formation, Garden, Keith, And Lincoln Counties, Nebraska, Robert F. Diffendal Jr., James W. Goeke, Michael R. Voorhies

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

Sandwiched between the overlying eolian Quaternary loesses and sands and the underlying beds of the Ash Hollow Formation, Ogallala Group, buried beneath the sliver of Cheyenne Tableland in Keith County and adjacent areas of western Nebraska, is a mass of fluvially deposited sand, gravelly sand, and sandy gravel of previously uncertain age. Some authors assigned these sediments to the Ogallala Group, while others have called them either the Broadwater Formation (Blancan), or a combination of the two rock units.

Water Quality For Irrigation, P R. George

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Although irrigation and salinity problems are frequently inseperable, there is a range of management methods that can be used to handle marginal quality water. Freuently these methods are simple, but require careful planning.

The wide range in tolerance of crops to salinity can be exploiter to ensure that appropriate crops are selected for the water available.

Because crops vary in their sensitivity to salt uptake in the leaves or the roots, watering methods can be changed to avoid problems. For profitable production enough water should be applied to ensure adequate water is available for plant growth as well as to …

Salinity Control In Northern China, G A. Robertson

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

China has vast areas of saline land, perhaps as much as six million hectares. Some of this saline land is a result of marine influence in coastal areas and some is the resultof soil formation in areas with saline geological deposits and inadequate rainfall to leach out the salts at that time.

However, most saline soils in China are as a result of secondary salinisation processess induced by a hydrological imbalance resulting from over-clearing of the land or irrigation. This imbalance has produced rising watertables bringing the salt closer to the soil surface.

In this article, G..A. Robertson, Commissioner …

Residual Values Of Australian Rock Phosphates, Michael D A Bolland

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

For years superphosphate has been the cheapest, convenient and most effective way of supplying phosphorus to newly cleared soils in Western Australia's South-West that are acutely deficient in phosphorus. However its effectiveness as a phosphorus source falls markedly after application. Regular applications are needed to maintaine profitable pastures and crops on these soils.

After a big jump in supperphosphate prices in the mid 970s, researchers tested the use of Australian rock phosphates as potentially cheaper alternative phosphorus fertilisers to superphosphate. On the none-leaching sands, as this article shows, none of the rock phosphates was as effective for plant growth as …