Earth Sciences Commons^™

How To Make A Natural Resources Inventory, Community Natural Resources Inventory Project

Maine Collection

A Handbook How to Make a Natural Resources Inventory for Your Community

Prepared by: James F. Connors, Sterling Dow III & Dean B. Bennett

Community Natural Resources Inventory Project (Title I, Higher Education Act), The University of Maine at Portland - Gorham (Project Sponsor) and The Maine Association of Conservation Commissions (Project Co-Sponsor), 1975.

"This handbook is published as a result of a grant from the U.S. Office of Education, Department of Health, Education and Welfare under the Higher Education Act, Title I. No official endorsement by the U.S. Office of Education should be inferred."

Contents: Preface / Introduction / …

Bulletin 3933 - Trickle Irrigation For Home Gardens, K Cole

Bulletins - 3000 - 3999

The use of trickle irrigation in the home garden can save money, time and water.

Trickle irrigation is a concept first used in glasshouses in England, then applied to field crops in Israel and developed and refined in Australia and America. Today it is widely used in orchards, vineyards, vegetable gardens and now has gained wide acceptance in the growing of ornamental plants.

Any good trickle system uses small quantities of water over an extended period of time. In the home garden, flows of 2.25 litres to 4.5 litres per hour are usual though for small shrubs lesser amounts may …

Fisheries Report No 13 - Results Of A Biological Survey Of The Shire Of Kent, Western Australia, N. L. Mckenzie

Fisheries Research Reports

The Department of Fisheries and Fauna is responsible for the conservation of the native fauna in Western Australia. The main approach to this problem has been the creation of reserves for "The Conservation of Flora and Fauna". These reserves, known as "Wildlife Sanctuaries", are controlled by the Western Australian Wild Life Authority - a Statutory Authority serviced by the Department.

The object of the acquisition programme is to develop a reserve system which will include, as far as possible, a full and permanent cross-section of the State's native floral and faunal assemblages and, at the same time, provide for the …

Inventory Of Lake Studies In Maine, Charles F. Wallace Jr., James M. Strunk

Maine Collection

Inventory of Lake Studies in Maine

By Charles F. Wallace, Jr. and James M. Strunk

State Planning Office, Water Resources Planning Division, July 1973.

"Printed under Appropriation Number 4248.5 and financially assisted by planning grants from the United States Water Resources Council Title III funds."

Contents: Introduction / Investigating Agencies / Federal Agencies / State Agencies / Regional Planning Commissions and Economic Development Districts / Maine Colleges and Universities / Private / Other Private / Other / Appendices

Broad Spectrum Microwave Systems For Remotely Measuring Soil Moisture Content, W. P. Waite, K. R. Cook, B. B. Bryan

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

A theoretical and experimental study of the microwave reflectivity of soils with varying moisture content was conducted. A system was developed to measure reflectivity over a continuous frequency range of 4 to 26.5 GHz, at incidence angles from 10° to 70°, and with both horizontal and vertical polarization. The measurements were found to be extremely accurate for smooth homogeneous surfaces, however, the effects of surface roughness were found to be more severe than predicted due to the discontinuous nature of naturally occurring rough surfaces. An algorithm was developed which used the frequency dependence of the reflectivity to estimate the effective …

Chronic Toxicity Of A Copper, Cadmium And Zinc Mixture To The Fathead Minnow (Pimephales Promelas Rafinesque), John G. Eaton

United States Environmental Protection Agency: Publications

Fathead minnows were exposed to a series or concentrations of a copper, cadmium and zinc mixture during a 12.5 month chronic test in water of 200 mg 1^-1 total hardness. The metal concentrations in the mixture were selected on the basis of results obtained during previous chronic exposures to each of the metals individually in the same water. Strict summation of the chronic toxicities of the metals was not indicated when they were tested in combination. Toxic effects of the mixture attributable to copper appeared to be increased, but that attributable to cadmium was reduced. The effects thought to …

Captan Toxicity To Fathead Minnows (Pimephales Promelas), Bluegills (Lepomis Macrochirus), And Brook Trout (Salvelinus Fontinalis), Roger O. Hermanutz, Leonard H. Mueller, Kenneth D. Kempfert

United States Environmental Protection Agency: Publications

The toxic effects of capt an on survival, growth, and reproduction of fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) and on survival of bluegiIIs (Lepomis macrochirus) and brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) were determined in a flow-through system. In a 45-week exposure of fathead minnows, survival and growth were adversely affected at 39.5 μLg/Iiter. Adverse effects on spawning were suspected but not statisticaIly demonstrated at 39.5 and 16.5 μLg/Iiter. The maximum acceptable toxicant concentration (MATC), based on survival and growth, lies between 39.5 and 16.5 μLg/liter. The lethal threshold concentration (LTC) derived from acute exposures was 64 μLg/liter, …

Chronic Effect Of Low Ph On Fathead Minnow Survival, Growth And Reproduction, Donald I. Mount

United States Environmental Protection Agency: Publications

Fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas Rafinesque) were continuously exposed to reduced pH levels of 4.5, 5.2, 5.9, 6.6 and 7.5 (control) during a 13-month, one-generation test. Survival was not affected, even at the lowest pH tested. Fish behavior was abnormal, and fish were deformed at pH 4.5 and 5.2. Egg production and egg hatchability were reduced at pH 5.9 and lower, and all eggs were abnormal. A pH of 6.6 was marginal for vital life functions, but safe for continuous exposure. Free carbon dioxide, liberated by the addition of sulfuric acid to reduce the pH, may have had an unknown …

Eutrophication Factors In North Central Florida Lakes, H. D. Putnam, Patrick L. Brezonik, Earl E. Shannon

United States Environmental Protection Agency: Publications

A small Florida lake has been receiving a regimen of nutrient addition equivalent to 500 mg/m³-yr N and 43 mg/m³-yr P since 1967. Data has been accumulated through 1969. The effect on the lacustrine ecosystem of various biogenes includes production by primary producers, species diversity of plankton and certain production estimates at the secondary trophic level using natural populations of planktivorous fish. Plankton production using isotopic carbon is ca. 58 grms/m²-yr; Species diversity is slowly changing to a mixed chlorophycean and yellow-green. Biomass of benthic green filamentous types has increased slightly. Nutrient addition has …

An Argument For The Open Ocean Siting Of Coastal Thermal Electric Plants, Clarence M. Tarzwell

United States Environmental Protection Agency: Publications

A great deal of research is yet to be done before we will definitely know all the effects of thermal electric generating plants. It is evident, however, that the chlorination of the intake water is definitely lethal to a high percentage of planktonic and other organisms; that thermal shock is detrimental to some of the more sensitive forms; that the continued exposure to high temperatures after thermal shock is lethal to many forms, especially the zooplankton; that the screening and turbulence in such plants is lethal to larval fishes and several invertebrates, and that immense amounts of waters are put …

Dust Storms Cause Yield Losses, Department Of Agriculture, Western Australia, C. H. Trotman

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Farmers and research workers are well aware that heavy grazing during summer loosens and exposes soil to the action of strong winds and summer thunder storms. They also realise that dust storms mean soil loss from paddocks, but until now there has been little idea of the effect of these storms on crop yields in subsequent seasons.

Bulletin No 3861 - Kimberley Research Station - Progress Report 1972, J. R. Mcalpine, R. H. Gunn, P. Jakobsen, R. Wetselaar, J. J. Basinski, N. J. Thomson, A. G. L. Wilson, D. H. Mackenzie, A. J. Millington, D. F. Beech, P. C. Owen, B. G. Williams, C. G. Blunt, A. Mcr Holm

Bulletins - 3000 - 3999

The systematic investigations of the potential of the Ord area for irrigated farming began during the Second World War when the possibilities of damming the river were first examined, initial soil survey was carried out, and agricultural experiments started. The Kimberley Research Station was established on its present site in 1945. A year later the State and Commonwealth Governments agreed to finance and operate the Station jointly, with CSIRO and the Western Australian Department of Agriculture being responsible for research.

The construction of the main dam designed to store 5,675 million m" ( 4.6 million acre feet) was completed in …

A Report On The Condition Of The Gascoyne Catchment, D G. Wilcox, E A. Mckinnon

Resource management technical reports

Severe flooding in Carnarvon followed heavy rains on the Gascoyne Catchment in February 1961. The flooding and erosion were extensive enough to suggest that run-off from the catchment was excessive. Lightfoot (1961)* reported that excess run-off was due to degradation of the catchment area. This report will describe the catchment area in terms of the degradation of its rangeland and its susceptibility to erosion.

Final Report Emission Inventory For The State Of Nebraska, The Ibm Corporation Federal Systems Division, Environmental Protection Agency

United States Environmental Protection Agency: Publications

The following report represents the results of the work performed under BOA 68-02-0043, Task Order Number 1 from The Environmental Protection Agency, Air Pollution Control Office. A note of thanks is due to Mr. E. J. Lillis and D. Dunbar of the EPA Project Office and Mr. Peter Culver, the EPA Project Engineer for their assistance and excellent cooperation during the study. A note of special thanks is due to Mr. Gene Robinson of the Nebraska Division of Air Pollution Control without whose efforts successful completion of this task would not have been possible.

Real Property Owned. By The Federal Government In The' State Of Nebraska, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

United States Environmental Protection Agency: Publications

This inventory report Is a summary compilation of the major facilities of real property owned by the Federal Government in this state. The installations are listed alphabetically by the city in which they are located and the listing includes a brief description of the installation, the agency which operates the facility, the GSA inventory number, the GSA location code, the total floor area of all the buildings and a size classification code. The operating agency and Installation descriptions are those reported to the General Services Administration as of June 30, 1970. Installations with a total floor area less than 1,500 …

Ua77/1 Western Alumnus, Vol. 39, No 5, Wku Alumni Association

WKU Administration Documents

WKU alumni magazine. Features the following articles:

• What's Going On In Teacher Education? - Tate Page Hall
• Conway, Sheila. Faithful Servant of Generations - Shirley Posey
• Cravens, Raymond. Western & the Accreditation Process
• The Educational World: Where Does Western Stand?
• Photo Feature: Downing University Center
• Armstrong, Don. The Environment & Cornfield Calculus - Marvin Russell
• Service Lives On at Western - Alpha Phi Omega, Gamma Sigma Sigma, Gamma Beta Phi, Circle K
• Wilder, Jerry. Undergraduate Advisement: They Shall Not Fail!
• Downing, Dero. Founder's Day Meditation
• Cochran, Robert. What Do We Mean by School Public Relations?
• Given, Ed. Hitch-Hiker on Football's …

Micronutrients And Biological Patterns In Lake Mead, Hasan K. Qashu, Lorne G. Everett, J. S. Carlson, Bureau Of Reclamation

Publications (WR)

Progressive increases in concentration of dissolved solids in the Colorado River water from Lake Powell to Imperial Dam seem to alter plankton dynamics and biological productivity of the river. Also, changes in biological productivity and micronutrients concentrations occur within the same reservoir. Development of a digital simulation model to predict micronutrients concentrations and biological productivity is necessary for diagnosing changes in plankton population and effluent-carrying capacity of the system. The objectives of the study are: (1) to determine trace metal balance at different locations in Lake Mead, (2) to measure biological productivity and conduct plankton population counts at each sampling …

Bioassay Procedures For Oil And Oil Dispersant Toxicity Evaluation, Gilles Laroche, Ronald Eisler, Clarence M. Tarzwell

United States Environmental Protection Agency: Publications

Hazards to marine and estuarine fauna associated with offshore drilling of oil and with transport of large quantities of oils via tankers are numerous and understandable. At present, there is a growing body of evidence on adverse effects to these organisms of crude oil (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) and chemical oil counteracting agents or dispersants (5) (6) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17). These effects are well summarized by Smith (18) and by Carthy and Arthur (19).

Comparatively few workers have studied the influence of oil-dispersant mixtures of marine life. Studies by …

The 1963-64 Lake Mead Survey, J. M. Lara, J. I. Sanders, Bureau Of Reclamation

Publications (WR)

The 1963-64 Lake Mead survey was run to compute the reservoir capacity. Results of the geodetic and hydrographic surveys and sediment sampling equipment are described. The geodetic survey showed Hoover Dam subsided an average of 118 mm since 1935. Sonic sounding, photogrammetry, and crosssectional profiling methods were used to run the hydrographic survey. Reservoir area and capacity tables were generated using an electronic computer. The present lake capacity is 29,755,000 acre-ft and the reservoir surface area is 162,700 acres at elevation 1229 ft. 2,720,000 acre-ft of sediments accumulated in the lake since 1935. A unit weight of 60 Ib/cu ft …

Thermal Requirements To Protect Aquatic Life, Clarence M. Tarzwell

United States Environmental Protection Agency: Publications

Water temperatures affect aquatic organisms in a number of ways, both directly and indirectly. Some of the latter effects are quite subtle. High temperatures can have direct lethal effects but sublethal levels operating over long periods can be just as harmful through delayed lethal effects and the production of nonlethal stresses which eventually result in changes in the population, reduced growth or reproduction, and the lowering of resistance to parasites, dis ease, and competitors. Temperature, in combination with certain other factors such as day length, influences re producing processes. High water temperatures may stimulate or retard migration, spawning, feeding, and …

Trace Metal Analysis Of Barren River And Nolin River Reservoirs By Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy, Mary Jo Kennedy

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

This research was part of a project underway at Barren River and Nolin River Reservoirs in south-central Kentucky. The research was partially supported by a grant through the Sport Fishing Institute, Washington, D.C.

The study reported herein was concerned with the analysis of trace metal concentrations in the two reservoirs. It is believed that the fish population may in part depend upon the trace metals present in the water. It is anticipated that the data presented in this paper will eventually be correlated with the biology studies of the reservoirs being carried out by the Department of Biology of Western …

Bulletin No 3547 - Kimberley Research Station - Progress Report 1968, Western Australian Department Of Agriculture

Bulletins - 3000 - 3999

Rivers flowing to the Gulf of Carpentaria and the Timor Sea have been estimated by hydrologists to carry about three times the water transported annually over the Murray drainage system and the South Eastern slopes which, together, comprise the highly settled agricultural areas of South Eastern Australia.

In 1945, the North Australian Development Committee recommended research in the Ord-Victoria rivers region as a first step toward ultimate agricultural development of this Northern potential and, in 1946, the Kim- berley Research Station commenced operations under the joint control of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization and the Western Australian Department …

Water Chemistry Survey Of Boulder Basin, Lake Mead, P. R. Tramutt, Bureau Of Reclamation

Publications (WR)

The survey results indicate that the impoundment of water behind Hoover Dam has not adversely affected the dissolved oxygen (DO) content and that water quality and DO content were uniform regardless of depth. The study made in April-May 1964 will provide water quality data of Lake Mead prior to releases from Lake Powell as a basis for evaluating Lake Powell's effect on water quality and limnology of Lake Mead. The performance of a DO analyzer was tested and found unsatisfactory at depths below 150 ft. Parameters tested by standard chemical analyses of water samples in the Denver Laboratory and by …

Available Water Supply Of The Las Vegas Ground-Water Basin Nevada, Glenn Thomas Malmberg

Publications (WR)

The Las Vegas ground-water basin as described in this report includes the southern part of Indian Spring Valley, Three Lakes Valley, the northern half of Ivanpah Valley, and Las Vegas Valley. These valleys in part are inferred to form a hydrologic unit that includes an area of about 3,000 square miles in the southern part of Clark County, Nev.

The valleys forming the Las Vegas ground-water basin are broad structural depressions surrounded by mountains. The climate of the region is arid, and precipitation in the basin lowlands rarely exceeds 5 inches per year. Drainage is interior except for occasional Hood …

Ground-Water Appraisal Of The Meadow Valley Area, Lincoln And Clark Counties, Nevada, F. Eugene Rush

Publications (WR)

This report, the 27th in the series of reconnaissance ground-water studies which were initiated following authorization by the I960 Legislature, gives the results of a study of the Meadow Valley area. This area includes eight valleys in southeastern Nevada - - Patterson, Spring, Eagle, Dry, Rose, Panaca, Clover, and Lower Meadow Valley - - all part of the Colorado River drainage system.

This study was made and report prepared by F. Eugene Rush, Geologist for the U. S. Geological Survey.

These reconnaissance ground-water resources surveys make available pertinent information of great and immediate value to many State and Federal agencies. …

Development Of Water Quality Criteria For Aquatic Life, Clarence M. Tarzwell

United States Environmental Protection Agency: Publications

It is now recognized that water pollution is an important problem, that it becomes more widespread and serious as population and industry expand, and that something must be done if aquatic life resource are to be saved and their productivity maintained. In the past there has been a great deal of uncertainty in approaching this situation and a general lack of understanding of the details and ramification of the overall problem. In the efforts for the abatement of pollution, only a few clearcut objectives have been established. Knowledge is lacking as to what the objectives should be. There is still …

Interbasin Movement Of Ground Water At The Nevada Test Site, Isaac J. Winograd

Publications (WR)

The present paper presents hydraulic evidence for the interbasin circulation of ground water through carbonate rocks of Paleozoic age at the Nevada Test Site. An integral part of this evidence is the discovery that aquifers in alluvium and tuff, formerly thought to be the principal aquifers at the Test Site, are semiperched above a thick tuffaceous aquiclude that separates them from the carbonate rocks.

This paper is based on one of the studies being made by the Geological
/="/">Survey for the Atomic Energy Commission. These studies seek to evaluate
/="/">the risk that may arise if ground water should …

Fossils And Farmers, D Merrilees

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

The West Australian Museum is looking for fossil remains from the Pleistocene age, the period of geological time when Europe was covered with ice.

Little is known of what the Australian continent was like at that time, and the Museum hopes, by collecting as many fossil remains as possible, to get a better picture of Australian conditions at that time.

It is also hoped to discover more about the ancestors of our present marsupial fauna.

Farmers may be able to make a valuable contribution to the present knowledge of this period by forwarding suspected fossil remains to the Museum. Here …

Fossils And Farmers. 2. The Ice Age, D Merrilees

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

What did the giant Australian marsupials of the "Ice Age" look like?

Fossil remains found by farmers could help reconstruct them, as well as giving some idea of conditions on the Australian continent at that time, says D. Merrilees, B.Sc, acting Curator of Palaeontology at the West Australian Museum.

Comprehensive Survey Of Sedimentation In Lake Mead, 1948-49, W. O. Smith, C. P. Vetter, G. B. Cummings, U.S. Bureau Of Reclamation

Publications (WR)

Reservoirs are becoming an increasingly prominent feature of the American landscape. Built for flood mitigation and to change a fluctuating river into a dependable source of water for irrigation, power, and other purposes, they are predestined, like natural lakes, to be destroyed sometime following their creation. Sedimentation sooner or later robs most lakes and reservoirs of their capacity to store water. The significance of sedimentation in the life of Lake Mead, the largest artificial reservoir in the world, was realized when the plan for the reservoir was conceived, and an aerial survey of the floor was made in 1935 before …