Earth Sciences Commons^™

Current Status And Future Trend Of Research On Underground Borehole Measurement Technology For Coal Mines, Chen Long, Yang Dongdong, Li Quanxin, Chu Zhiwei, Zhang Jiguan, Chen Xiang

Coal Geology & Exploration

Background Underground borehole measurement emerges as a core technology for the safe production of coal mines. Its multi-parameter measurements, data accuracy, data transmission rate, and reliability directly influence the timeliness of early warning for disasters, the operating stability of instruments, the accuracy of borehole assessment, and the scientific rigor of intelligent decision-making under complex deep geological conditions. Advances So far, the measurement while drilling (MWD) and post-drilling borehole visualization techniques have developed into a diversified technological system. Specifically, the MWD technique has achieved a leap from wireline to wireless transmission, obviating the reliance on wireline drill rods in traditional measurement …

An Automated Attitude Control Method For The Rotary Steerable System And Its Validation Through Hardware-In-The-Loop Simulation, Zhang Nan, Ren Bai’An, Li Fei, Liu Ziqi, Lyu Fangxing

Coal Geology & Exploration

Objective The traditional manual control mode of a rotary steerable system (RSS) faces challenges, including response delay and low control efficiency. To address these challenges, this study proposed a closed-loop automated attitude control method for the RSS and verified its effectiveness through hardware-in-loop (HIL) simulation. Methods This study focuses on the drilling process of a point-the-bit RSS. In the case of deviations between measured and target attitudes, the control parameters were calculated based on the deviation signals using a closed-loop controller, driving the RSS actuator to conduct trajectory correction. Afterward, the actual attitude was yielded and then entered the input …

Co2-Water Displacement Characteristics Of Saturated Sandstones With Different Pore Structures, Liu Ting, Li Jinglin, Li Yi, Dan Wendong, Diao Yujie, Ma Xin

Coal Geology & Exploration

Objective The pore structures of clastics play a crucial role in assessing the potential of saline aquifers for geologic CO₂ sequestration. Current studies on pore structures during CO₂ sequestration focus primarily on artificial cores. However, compared to artificial cores, natural cores feature more complex pore size distributions and stronger heterogeneity. Methods This study examined a natural core from deep reservoirs in the Ordos Basin and two artificial cores with different porosities through CO₂-water displacement experiments under water-saturated conditions. Using a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis and imaging system for multiphase fluid displacement, this study analyzed the …

Multi-Field Coupling-Based Numerical Simulations Of Co2 Storage In Saline Aquifers: A Case Study Of The Dingji Coal Mine, Huainan Mining Area, Li Dianshang, Zheng Sijian, Liao Qingfa, Miao Wei, Tian Yuchen, Zhang Helong, Liu Yanzhi, Liu Shiqi

Coal Geology & Exploration

Background Saline aquifers are characterized by extensive distribution, abundant reserves, and substantial potential for CO₂ storage, establishing them as the most promising geological media for carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS). CO₂ storage in saline aquifers plays a crucial role in mitigating the greenhouse effect and achieving the goals of peak carbon dioxide emissions and carbon neutrality. Thoroughly investigating CO₂ storage in deep saline aquifers within the Huainan mining area helps alleviate the regional pressure of carbon emission reduction while also providing important support for expanding the technical pathways of CCUS and promoting its engineering applications. Methods …

Environmental Risk Assessment Of Co2 Storage Combined With The Overlying Coal Mining, Gu Leiyu, Li Wenhui, Huang Wei, Zhou Quanchao, Zhu Yalong, Li Xiaying, Liu Guizhen, Li Qi

Coal Geology & Exploration

Objective Carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) technology serves as a key method for carbon neutrality. However, large-scale engineering applications of CCUS are still confronted with serious challenges of environmental risks. Therefore, systematic environmental risk assessment plays an essential role in ensuring the environmental safety and social acceptability of CO₂ geological storage projects. Methods Targeting the CO₂ geological storage project combined with overlying coal mining in Zhengning County, Gansu Province, this study performed the environmental risk assessment of CO₂ leakage based on the requirements of the Technical Guideline on Environmental Risk Assessment for Carbon Dioxide Capture, Utilization, …

Advances In Research On The Policies, Technologies, And Demonstration Projects Of Geologic Co2 Sequestration In China, Zhao Yue, Yang Xuechao, Chen Xiaodong, Chang Jia, Wei Hengfei, Liu Zhibang, Liu Hui

Coal Geology & Exploration

Background Carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) is considered a key technology to promote large-scale carbon dioxide (CO₂) emission reduction. Against the backdrop of achieving its goals of carbon neutrality and peak carbon dioxide emissions, China faces a tremendous challenge of CO₂ emission reduction. This situation will provide new driving forces for the development of geologic CO₂ sequestration while also imposing higher requirements for technical innovation and industrialization of the technology. Methods and Advances This study systematically reviews the development process of policies on CCUS of China over the past two decades, with over 30 policies …

Mechanisms Governing Co2 Mineral Trapping And Cementitious Activity Degradation Of Solid Waste-Based Backfill Materials, Liu Zhifei, Chen Qingting, Li Hongjie, Wang En, Zhao Heming

Coal Geology & Exploration

Objective This study investigated three types typical alkaline industrial solid waste: steel slag, fly ash, and bottom ash, highlighting the differences in their CO₂ mineral trapping efficiency and the degradation patterns of their cementitious activity after carbon fixation. The purpose is to reveal the mechanisms underlying CO₂ mineral trapping in solid waste and evaluate their application potential in backfill engineering, thereby promoting the synergistic development of industrial solid waste recycling and carbon emission reduction. Methods Through experiments on CO₂ mineral trapping using the direct wet method, the kinetics and product characteristics of solid waste-CO₂ interactions were …

Impacts Of Anti-Rock Burst Multistage Hydraulic Fracturing Using Horizontal Wells On Mining Roadways And Fracture Control Techniques: A Case Study Of Mining Facein The Zhaoxian Coal Mine, Shaanxi Province, Liu Xiugang, Jiang Zaibing, Yang Juan, Liu Mingjun, Pang Tao, Wu Weixing, Tu Xiaolong, Mo Haitao, Guo Xiaolong, Du Xinfeng

Coal Geology & Exploration

Objective Surface multistage hydraulic fracturing of hard roofs using horizontal wells serves as an important technique for rock burst control in mines. However, fracturing technique under improper control might pose adverse impacts on excavated mining roadways underground, causing roadway deformation, mesh failure with block falling, and the flow of fracturing fluids into the roadways. Methods This study investigated certain mining face of the Zhaoxian Coal Mine in the Yonglong mining area, Shaanxi Province. Targeting different characteristics and phenomena of roadways following hydraulic fracturing, this study analyzed the reasons why fracturing fluids flowed into roadways during hydraulic fracturing using theoretical analysis, …

Lithofacies Paleogeography Of The Ordovician Kelimoli-Lashizhong Formations Along The Western Margin Of The Ordos Basin, Wang Weibin, Ma Zhanrong, Hu Aiping, Zhang Qian, Li Wenhou, Chen Qiang, Ma Yao, Wang Yanbo

Coal Geology & Exploration

Objective The period during the deposition of the Middle-Late Ordovician Kelimoli-Lashizhong formations witnessed a key transition of the tectonic framework along the western margin of the Ordos Basin. Investigating the lithofacies paleogeography of these formations can reveal the tectono-sedimentary responses during this period, thereby providing a basis for the resource potential prediction, exploration, and exploitation of natural gas in the study area. Methods Using field section observations, core observations, and log interpretations, as well as previous research results, this study comprehensively analyzed the Middle-Late Ordovician strata in the Ordos Basin from the perspectives of stratigraphy, sedimentary system division, and sedimentary …

Physical Simulation Experiments On 4d Visualization Of Dynamic Methane Diffusion And Adsorption In Low-Porosity And Low-Permeability Coals, Liu Tong, Jiao Baizhuo, Lin Baiquan, Sang Shuxun, Yang Wei, Liu Shiqi, Liu Ting, Li He, Yang Mingxing

Coal Geology & Exploration

Objective and Method The diffusivity of methane (CH₄) in coal seams significantly influences the surface extraction of coalbed methane (CBM) and underground gas drainage. However, the visualized characterization of the diffusion and migration processes of CH₄ in coals remains challenging. To address this issue, this study systematically demonstrated the similarity between krypton (Kr) and CH₄ in their adsorption and diffusion behavior in coals. Utilizing Kr—a gas with high X-ray attenuation—as a tracer substitute for CH₄, this study achieved the transparent observation of the dynamic gas migration process in low-porosity, low-permeability, and heterogeneous coals using …

Mechanisms Underlying Sodium Enrichment In Coals In The Dananhu Mining Area, Turpan-Hami Basin, Qi Zhenghui, Sun Fanxing, Wang Wenlong, Huang Chunhui, Liang Kaihua, Huang Yangyang, Shao Longyi

Coal Geology & Exploration

Background The Dananhu mining area boasts abundant coal resources, serving as a significant coal-fired power generation base in Xinjiang, China. However, the high sodium (Na) content in coals within the mining area tends to cause fouling and slagging during coal combustion, severely affecting the clean and efficient utilization of coal resources in the area. Methods and Results epresentative samples collected from the major mineable coal seams were subjected to proximate and ash-composition analyses. The analytical results show that the coal samples had low ash and sulfur contents and high volatile content. SiO₂ predominated in the ash components, followed by …

Mechanisms Behind Soil Water Evaporation And Infiltration During Long-Term Microbial Reclamation In Coal Mining-Induced Subsidence Areas In Northern Shaanxi Province, China, Ke Zengming, Bi Yinli, Yang Wei

Coal Geology & Exploration

Background Water scarcity is identified as an important factor restricting ecological restoration in arid and semi-arid mining areas. The application of microbial reclamation technologies, especially inoculation with Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), has achieved encouraging ecological effects in mining areas. In this case, investigating soil water movement and its controlling factors in mining areas undergoing long-term microbial reclamation is a key scientific issue for understanding the long-term ecological restoration mechanisms of AMF. Methods This study investigated the microbial reclamation base in the coal mining-induced subsidence area of the Daliuta coal mine of northern Shaanxi Province, located in the middle reaches of …

Water Quality Characteristics And Reutilization Of Goaf Water From Shallow Coal Seams Within The Datong Mining Area, Shanxi Province, China, Li Jun, Gui Herong, Ding Pengfei, Chen Yongqing, Wan Heyong, Li Weiqi, Huang Dawei, Peng Weihua, Hu Yang, Guo Yan

Coal Geology & Exploration

Objective The Datong mining area in Shanxi Province of China faces serious threats from goaf water hazards, while the goaf water drainage is constrained by environmental protection policies. Therefore, the reutilization of goaf water serves as an effective approach to eliminating mine water hazards, protecting water environments, and mitigating water scarcity in the mining area. Methods This study investigated goaf water from shallow coal seams in the Datong mining area. Based on water quality assessment theories and a range of hydrogeochemical indices, including saturation index (SI), chloro-alkaline index (CAI), and sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), this study conducted a joint determination …

Advances In Research And Future Prospects Of Borehole Geophysical Prospecting Technology For Coal Mines, Li Ping, Wei Rong, Fan Tao, Zhao Rui, Jiang Bici, Tian Xiaochao, Wang Bingchun

Coal Geology & Exploration

Background Borehole geophysical prospecting technology for coal mines integrates the advantages of both drilling and geophysical prospecting. Accordingly, multiple critical advances have been achieved in its applications to the technologies and equipment for intelligent coal mining in recent years, enabling long-distance, relatively high-precision geological exploration. This technology plays an increasingly important role in a range of fields, including deep mineral resource exploration and the reconnaissance surveys of hidden disaster-causing factors, providing robust support for safe and efficient coal mining. Advances This study systematically reviews the development history of borehole geophysical prospecting technology, elaborating advances in research on the methodology, theories, …

Application Of Seismic-While-Tunnelling Detection In The Identification Of Densely Distributed Sub-Seismic Faults, Li Haodang, Li Kang, Chen Jian, Song Xiaozhong, Jin Dan, Wang Baoli

Coal Geology & Exploration

Objective and Method Densely distributed sub-seismic faults have emerged as a major hidden disaster-causing geological factor, heavily influencing both the production efficiency and operational safety of coal mines. To achieve precise advance detection of underground sub-seismic faults in coal mines, this study designed a geological model. Using seismic-while-tunneling (SWT) advance detection technology for roadways of coal mines, this study investigated the geological situation of sub-seismic faults through forward modeling. Furthermore, it explored the seismic image characteristics of these faults obtained using the SWT observation system under varying survey line lengths and geophone spacing values. Results and Conclusions The forward modeling …

Stability Analysis Of Thermohaline Convection With A Time-Varying Shear Flow Using The Lyapunov Method, Kalin Kochnev

Honors Scholar Theses

This work applies the Lyapunov method to identify instabilities and compute the growth rate of a linear time-varying system. The linear system studied describes cold fresh water on top of hot salty water with a periodically time-varying background shear flow. A time-dependent weighting matrix is employed to construct a Lyapunov function candidate. The resulting linear matrix inequalities are discretized in time using the forward Euler method. As the number of temporal discretization points increases, the growth rate predicted by the Lyapunov method or Floquet theory, used for comparison, will converge to the same value obtained from numerical simulations. Furthermore, the …

Quantifying Biocrust Evaporation In Arid Lands By Combining Thermal Imaging And Lysimeter Measurements, Rebekah C. Magness

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Biological soil crusts (biocrusts) are miniature ecosystems of living organisms incorporated within the soil matrix and established in the topmost millimeters of the soil surface. Biocrust plays a critical role in the hydrologic processes in arid lands, yet the extent to which it increases or decreases evaporation remains unclear. To gain a better understanding of the impact of biocrust on evaporation compared to bare soil, I studied a cyanobacteria-dominated biocrust patch surrounded by bare soil atop a lysimeter in the Mojave Desert near Las Vegas, Nevada. Using high-resolution thermal imaging, and the known latent heat flux from the lysimeter, I …

The Effects Of Nanobubble Fertigation And Soil Conditioners To Improve Nutrient Dynamics, Soil Microbial Activity, And Chili Productivity, Betty Natalie Fitriatin, Euis Ahah Rokayah, Elsa Naila Elmyra, Tualar Simarmata, Nicky Oktav Fauziah, Hanif Fakhrurroja

Jurnal Kultivasi

Drip fertigation is a fertilization method that integrates nutrient delivery with an irrigation system, which is capable of optimizing the direct delivery of nutrients to the root zone. This experiment aims to investigate the effect of drip fertigation with nanobubble technology, and soil conditioners on the population of Phosphate-Solubilizing Bacteria (PSB) and Azotobacter spp., available phosphorus, total nitrogen, growth, and yield of red chili. The study used a Strip Plot Design with two factors and three replications. The first factor was nutrient application (solid NPK fertilizing as control; drip fertigation; and drip fertigation with nanobubble technology), and the second factor …

Evaluating Utilidor Performance And Ground Temperature Variability In UtqiaġVik, Tate Rachow

Geosciences

Permafrost degradation in Arctic regions poses increasing risks to infrastructure as climate warming accelerates thaw processes, alters hydrology, and deepens the active layer. In Utqiaġvik, Alaska, utilidors— utility conduits—play a vital role in protecting water and wastewater services, yet their thermal performance under changing conditions remains poorly constrained. This thesis evaluates the thermal behavior of the Site U-1 direct buried pipes on Stevenson Street using historical thermistor resistance data converted to temperature, combined with calibrated two- dimensional TEMP/W numerical models. The models incorporate layered backfill materials and polyurethane insulation, while also simulating operational influences of water and wastewater temperatures. Calibration …

Engineering Risk And Indigenous Resilience Toward Intelligent Decision Support For Mining In Ancestral Lands, Izech Brian O. Edwin, King Harold A. Recto

Electronics, Computer, and Communications Engineering Faculty Publications

Mining within ancestral territories reveals an ongoing conflict between technical viability and Indigenous consent. This collaborative study, conducted by an engineering scholar and a policy researcher of Indigenous heritage in Benguet among the Ibaloi and Kankanaey peoples, investigates how risk transparency and policy alignment can bridge existing divides, while formulating principles applicable to other Indigenous mining contexts. The study provides an initial evaluation of the feasibility of a proposed large-scale mining operation within a risk-informed, data-driven governance framework. Three elements of engineering risk were assessed utilizing literature-derived and proxy parameters: (1) Land degradation is indicated by a Soil Productivity Index …

Advancements In Sinkhole Remediation: Field Data-Driven Sinkhole Grout Volume Prediction Model Via Machine Learning-Based Regression Analysis, Bubryur Kim, Yuvaraj Natarajan, K. R. Sri Preethaa, V. Danushkumar, Ryan Shamet, Jiannan Chen, Rui Xie, Timothy Copeland, Boo Hyun Nam, Jinwoo An

Civil Engineering Faculty Publications

Sinkhole formation poses a significant geohazard in karst regions, where unpredictable subsurface erosion often necessitates costly grouting for stabilization. Accurate estimation of grout volume remains a persistent challenge due to spatial variability, site-specific conditions, and the limitations of traditional empirical methods. This study introduces a novel machine learning-based regression model for grout volume prediction that integrates cone penetration test (CPT)-derived Sinkhole Resistance Ratio (SRR) values, spatial correlations between CPT and grouting points (GPs), and field-recorded grout volumes from six sinkhole sites in Florida. Three data transformation methods, the Proximal Allocation Method (PAM), the Equitable Distribution Method (EDM), and the Threshold-based …

Private Sand Mining In The Mississippi River: Sediment Budget And Morphology Implications Between Baton Rouge And Belle Chasse, Louisiana, Brett Mcmann

LSU New Orleans Theses and Dissertations

This analysis examined how private sand mining within the Mississippi River between Baton Rouge, LA and Belle Chasse, LA affected its sand budget from 2004-2012.

Records assembled indicated that private mining removed an annual average of 2.8 million cubic yards of sand. A HEC-RAS one-dimensional sediment transport model was utilized to assess this practice. Three scenarios were simulated: a baseline without mining, conditions reflecting documented mining rates, and a hypothetical case with excessive extraction.

Results suggest that private mining constituted approximately 26 percent of the total sand deficit between Baton Rouge and Belle Chasse. Mining appeared to cause localized changes …

Spatially Mapped Statewide Estimated Potential Evapotranspiration Using An Efficient Surface Interpolation Method: A Case Study Of South Carolina, Sudhanshu S. Panda, Devendra M. Amatya, Ka Kit Liu, Augustine Muwamba, Timothy J. Callahan

Journal of South Carolina Water Resources

Potential evapotranspiration (PET) exhibits substantial spatial and temporal variability across large landscapes, necessitating site-specific estimation for accurate environmental and water resource assessments. However, obtaining PET or ET data for specific locations across an entire state remains challenging due to the limited number of weather stations and associated environmental datasets. This study aimed to develop an automated geospatial modeling framework to map PET distribution across South Carolina, USA, using PET estimated by the temperature-based Hargreaves–Samani (H–S) method with daily weather data from 59 NOAA stations. Because the accuracy of spatial interpolation depends on both the target variable and the desired spatial …

Seagrass Persistence In The Indian River Lagoon And Lake Worth Lagoon, Florida, Kelly Kibler, Melinda Donnelly, Vincent Encomio, Madison Giuntoli, Manisha Thenuwara, Brice Bennett, Laura Andrade Barron, Mariam Sonbol, Wynter Raine Seppala, Namritha Ramakrishnan, Jennifer Jordan Báez, Beth Orlando, Irene Arpayoglou, Melissa Meisenburg

Indian River Lagoon Shorelines

The spatial dataset: UCF_seagrasspersistence_IRL_LWL.shp was created with support from the Indian River Lagoon National Estuaries Program and Florida Sea Grant. These projects cumulatively led to creation of a living shoreline restoration prioritization model and hydrodynamic habitat suitability models for 1,550 km (963 miles) of estuarine shorelines in Indian River Lagoon (IRL) and Lake Worth Lagoon (LWL). The dataset presented herein represents persistence of seagrass throughout waters of the IRL and LWL.

Locations Of Outfalls In The Indian River Lagoon And Lake Worth Lagoon, Florida, Kelly M. Kibler, Melinda J. Donnelly, Vincent Encomio, Madison Giuntoli, Manisha Thenuwara, Brice Bennett, Laura Andrade Barron, Mariam Sonbol, Wynter Raine Seppala, Namritha Ramakrishnan, Jennifer Jordan Báez, Beth Orlando, Irene Arpayoglou, Melissa Meisenburg

Indian River Lagoon Shorelines

The spatial dataset: UCF_Outfalls_IRL_LWL.shp was created under grants from the Indian River Lagoon National Estuaries Program and Florida Sea Grant. These projects cumulatively led to creation of a living shoreline restoration prioritization model and hydrodynamic habitat suitability models for 1,550 km (963 miles) of estuarine shorelines in Indian River Lagoon (IRL) and Lake Worth Lagoon (LWL).

The dataset presented here includes the location of outfalls identified throughout the study region and general characteristics of the shoreline where they were identified.

Living Shoreline Prioritization And Hydrodynamic Habitat Suitability Models For Restoration In The Indian River Lagoon And Lake Worth Lagoon, Florida, Kelly M. Kibler, Melinda J. Donnelly, Vincent Encomio, Madison Giuntoli, Manisha Thenuwara, Brice Bennett, Laura Andrade Barron, Mariam Sonbol, Wynter Raine Seppala, Namritha Ramakrishnan, Jennifer Jordan Báez, Beth Orlando, Irene Arpayoglou, Melissa Meisenburg

Indian River Lagoon Shorelines

The spatial dataset: UCF_shorelinemodel_IRL_LWL.shp, was created with support from the Indian River Lagoon National Estuaries Program and Florida Sea Grant. These projects cumulatively led to creation of a living shoreline restoration prioritization model and hydrodynamic habitat suitability models for 1,550 km (963 miles) of estuarine shorelines in Indian River Lagoon and Lake Worth Lagoon.

The dataset presented herein includes:

1. shoreline data from >15,000 transects collected in the field,
2. shoreline wave climate data created through hydrodynamic modeling and frequency analysis of historic data,
3. categorization of potential risk for shoreline boat wake impact,
4. persistence of seagrass within 210 m of the shoreline, …

An Assessment Of The Impact Of Illegal Sand Mining On The Coastline Of Liberia, Alphena J. Logan

World Maritime University Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Risk Prediction Of Surface-Water Bursting In The Gully-Crossing Mining Section Of Shallow Coal Seams Within Thin Bedrock Zones, Niu Chao, Luo Yutao, Liu Ning, Xiao Lele, Sun Qiang, Zhang Weiwei, Xue Xicheng, Zeng Dabao, Bai Yang

Coal Geology & Exploration

Background The gully-crossing mining of shallow coal seams within thin bedrock zones is prone to connecting hydraulically conductive fracture zones in the overburden with surface water bodies, significantly increasing the risk of water disasters, such as water inrushes and surface-water bursting in mines. Some mining faces in the Shandong Coal Mine, Shaanxi Province are located beneath the Shajie Gully basin, where storm runoff is highly likely to flow into the underground mine through mining-induced fractures, posing a serious threat to mine safety. Therefore, there is an urgent need to research risk identification and assessment of surface-water bursting. Methods This study …

Influence Patterns Of Nanomaterials On The Properties Of Ultrafine Sulfoaluminate Cement, Li Xiaolin, Wang Pengfei, Gao Yinghui, Zhang Mingxuan, Dong Enyuan, Qu Yue, Zhao Yue

Coal Geology & Exploration

Objective and Methods This study aims to reduce the economic cost of sulfoaluminate cement-based grouting materials while also achieving excellent grouting reinforcement effects. To this end, it investigated the variation patterns of the compressive strength, setting time, and fluidity of the ultrafine fly ash (UFA)-ultrafine sulfoaluminate cement (USC) system by incorporating different dosages of silica fume (SF) and nano-silica (NS). Furthermore, the mechanisms behind the hydration reactions of the system were explored. Using multiple distinct testing techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD) mineralogy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), this study analyzed …

Structural Characteristics Of The Overburden And Water Yield Property Of Weathered Bedrock Aquifer In A Representative Medium-Deep Coal Seam, Wang Lu, Hua Zhaolai, Huang Hao, Li Zenglin, Ren Shuaifeng, Wang Sitong

Coal Geology & Exploration

Background The weathered bedrock aquifer represents a major water-filled aquifer encountered during coal mining in the Jurassic coalfield in northern Shaanxi Province. Therefore, evaluating the water yield property of the weathered bedrock aquifer is the key to the prevention and control of water hazards in coal seam roofs. Methods This study investigated panel 12 of the Caojiatan Coal Mine, Shaanxi Province. Analysis of the stratigraphic and lithological structure types of the overburden of coal seam 2^–2 identified the weathered bedrock as the primary overlying water-bearing aquifer of the coal seam. Using net-to-gross (NTG) ratio, sandstone thickness, weathering influence index, …