Computer Sciences Commons^™

Bitseat: Reimagining The Financing For Airliners Using Nonfungible Tokens (Blockchain Technology), Edwin S. Ongola

Journal of Aviation Technology and Engineering

This essay describes how blockchain technology, particularly nonfungible tokens, can be used to raise funding for airliners. The essay begins with a brief overview on the costs, categories, and acquisition methods of airliners. After that, the essay introduces concepts on blockchain technology, tokens, and smart contracts. The essay then touches on how nonfungible tokens can be used to facilitate fractional ownership of airliners. From there, the essay discusses Bitseat, a conceptual nonfungible token for fractional ownership of airliners, covering its overall design, appeal, marketplace alternatives, and challenges. Finally, in the discussion, the essay summarizes the overall concept and outlines its …

A Blockchain-Integrated Federated Learning Model And Autoencoder-Based Feature Reduction For Improving Iot Intrusion Detection, Tahseen A. Wotaifi

Journal of Intelligent Informatics, Networking, and Cybersecurity

The rapid growth of Internet of Things (IoT) environments has brought forth a wealth of security challenges in detecting network intrusions in diverse and resource-restricted systems. Privacy, scalability, and single point of failure issues plague traditional centralized intrusion detection solutions. To address these challenges, the study proposes a secure and adaptive intrusion detection model using Federated Learning (FL) and Blockchain, augmented with autoencoder-based feature reduction. The ToN-IoT dataset is pre-processed, and then an unsupervised autoencoder is used to build informative low-dimensional feature representations. The processed data is deployed to various clients to mimic a real federated situation. Every client will …

Blockchain Message Integrity For Messaging App: Python-Based Implementation Of Blockchain-Backed Verification And Tamper Detection, Brendan J. Farrell

Theses/Capstones/Creative Projects

With the rapid development and use of digital communication, the need for maintaining the integrity and authenticity of transmitted information becomes more pressing than ever.  However, existing methods of data exchange have several flaws and drawbacks such as reliance on centralized networks which are subject to manipulation, modifications, and potential failures.  Thus, the current project offers an innovative approach to improving the integrity and detection capabilities of messages in real-time communication platforms using the power of blockchain technology.  The proposed solution uses the inherent features of blockchain-based systems to ensure secure and safe message transmission.

Developing Blockchain-Based Transparent E-Commerce Solutions For Danish Smes To Promote Sustainable Design Products, Somnath Mazumdar, Robert John Kauffman, Thomas Jensen, Raghava Rao Mukkamala, Jan Damsgaard

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Typically, a firm's objectives include establishing consumer confidence, preserving its brand image, and developing a profitable business strategy. Consumers now place greater emphasis on the sustainability and transparency of their purchases. Given environmental and economic limitations, firms are often compelled to implement sustainable production methods. This is especially a struggle for small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) with new technology, as it can increase their risk of failure. This has led to a problem for consumers, who must cross-check the sustainability-related claims of the firms they buy from. This is challenging because of limited process trace data and restricted enforcement capabilities. …

A Novel Privacy-Preserving User Information Queries Scheme With Functional Policy, Yuhang Lei, Rui Shi, Yang Yang, Chunjie Cao, Huamin Feng

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Privacy-preserving information queries enable a requester to obtain only the value f(x) computed over sensitive data x, while preventing disclosure of the underlying records. Existing approaches typically reveal full data, incur high on-chain overhead, or lack fair and verifiable delivery of function outputs. We propose a general-purpose, blockchain-compatible framework that ensures the requester learns only f(x) with no extra leakage and that the provider receives fair payment. The design integrates Adaptor Signatures (AS) for fair exchange and Inner-Product Functional Encryption (IPFE) for fine-grained function extraction. The framework is domain-agnostic and applicable to privacy-sensitive applications such as medical insurance and financial …

Leveraging Quantum Storage Mechanism For Digital Forensic Readiness Towards Smart City Security, Bashaer Aljeneibi, Richard Ikuesan

All Works

The increasing digitization of urban infrastructure has introduced advanced efficiency and connectivity in smart cities while exposing them to sophisticated cybersecurity threats. This study explores how Quantum Storage Mechanisms (QSM) can be integrated with digital forensic readiness systems to enhance smart city security and incident response. Through a simulated environment, the research evaluates the effectiveness of QSM against three critical cyberattack scenarios: Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS), sensor spoofing, and supply chain firmware attacks. The findings reveal that QSM-enabled systems outperform traditional cybersecurity tools by ensuring tamper-proof evidence collection, real-time threat detection, and secure long-term data retention. The study also …

Blockchain-Based Nostrification: A Privacy-Preserving Framework For Documents Verification, Mohamad Badra, Rouba Borghol

All Works

Many employers and institutions will not complete a hire until they verify a candidate's foreign qualifications. This nostrification step exists for a simple reason: they need to know that certificates, medical records, financial papers, and other official documents are real and not forged. For years, signatures and stamps were enough. But the shift to online applications changed the game. Today, anyone can upload a polished PDF, and with basic editing tools, fake documents can be created in minutes. The old system no longer protects anyone. On the other hand, the blockchain offers a stronger and more practical solution. Instead of …

Energy-Efficient Security For Narrowband Iot Using Blockchain And Ep-Cumac, Hafizullah Kakar

UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) continues to expand but faces challenges such as cryptographic overhead and energy consumption. Security frameworks such as blockchain and Energy-Performance Cumulative Message Authentication Codes (EP-CuMAC) rely heavily on SHA-256, which is not optimized for energy-limited devices.

This work unifies two complementary approaches, a hybrid blockchain-based NB-IoT framework and an EP-CuMAC-based framework, by engineering their cryptographic core with an Energy Complexity Model-optimized SHA-256 (ECM-SHA256). ECM applies parallel memory-bank mapping and block-level access optimization to reduce redundant power usage while preserving algorithmic integrity.

Experimental evaluation on identical Intel DDR3 systems using pyRAPL shows energy savings of …

Exploring Large Language Models For Trustworthy Use: Insights From Research And Development, Sandeep Kalari, Sahithi Padidela, Vikas Ashok, Ravi Mukkamala

Computer Science Faculty Publications

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly being adopted in a wide variety of domains, including sensitive domains such as healthcare and finance. However, persistent challenges such as unreliable data sources, privacy breaches, and hallucinated output continue to hinder their usage. We have experimented with several strategies to address these challenges. First, we developed BlockQwen, a blockchain-augmented framework that integrates decentralized trust validation, role-specific access control, and verifiable audit trails into the Qwen 2.5 LLM workflow. Second, we developed PrivAware, a multilayered privacy-enforcement framework, using a fine-tuned Flan-T5 model with self-attention masking, to safeguard data while maintaining high utility. Both systems …

Supply Chain Network Based On Blockchain And Intelligent Agent, Hiba Hamdi Hassan, Rana Fareed Ghani

Journal of Soft Computing and Computer Applications

In agricultural supply chains, the complexity and indeterminacy pose serious challenges to traceability, reliability and confidence today. This challenge is especially acute in the olive oil industry where adulteration, wrong labeling, and uneven chemical quality threaten the actual well-being of producers and consumers. The project aims to design a blockchain-based hybrid architecture with intelligent agents (FNNs) to enhance transparency, reliability and responsiveness in the olive oil supply chain. The Blockchain component enables a completely open, tamper-proof ledger to be built in a very decentralized way and preserved as an archive of every account of its transactions. The intelligent agents contribute …

Cnn Based Deep Learning Modeling With Explainability Analysis For Detecting Fraudulent Blockchain Transactions, Mohammad Hasan, Mohammad Shahriar Rahman, Mohammad Jabed Morshed Chowdhury, Iqbal H. Sarker

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

In the era of growing cryptocurrency adoption, Blockchain has emerged as a leading player in the digital payment landscape. However, this widespread popularity also brings forth various security challenges, including the need to safeguard against fraudulent activities. One of the paramount challenges in this regard is the detection of fraudulent transactions within the realm of Bitcoin data. This task significantly influences the trust and security of digital payments. Yet, it's a formidable challenge given the relatively low occurrence of fraudulent Bitcoin transactions. While deep learning techniques have demonstrated their prowess in fraud detection, there remains a scarcity of studies exploring …

Bimw: Blockchain-Enabled Innocuous Model Watermarking For Secure Ownership Verification, Xinyun Liu, Ronghua Xu

Michigan Tech Publications

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and edge computing gives rise to edge intelligence (EI), which offers effective solutions to the limitations of traditional cloud-based AI; however, deploying models across distributed edge platforms raises concerns regarding authenticity, thereby necessitating robust mechanisms for ownership verification. Currently, backdoor-based model watermarking techniques represent a state-of-the-art approach for ownership verification; however, their reliance on model poisoning introduces potential security risks and unintended behaviors. To solve this challenge, we propose BIMW, a blockchain-enabled innocuous model watermarking framework that ensures secure and trustworthy AI model deployment and sharing in distributed edge computing environments. Unlike widely applied …

Web3-Based Identity And Kyc Innovations For Next-Generation Fintech, Usama Arshad, Abdallah Tubaishat, Sajid Anwar, Zahid Halim, Abedallah Abualkishik, Abrar Ullah

All Works

The growing reliance on digital financial services necessitates a secure, efficient, and privacy-centric approach to identity verification and Know Your Customer (KYC) compliance. Traditional identity management systems rely on centralized databases, making them susceptible to data breaches, inefficiencies, and regulatory constraints. Over 10 billion identity records have been exposed in centralized KYC breaches, leading to a 60% increase in financial fraud cases. The rise of Decentralized Finance (DeFi) has further complicated KYC compliance, requiring innovative solutions that balance privacy and regulatory requirements. This paper proposes a Web3-powered decentralized identity framework that leverages blockchain technology, self-sovereign identity (SSI), verifiable credentials (VCs), …

Ai-Enabled Multi-Layer Security Operations: A Combined Siem, Ids, And Threat Intelligence Model For Adaptive Cyber Defense, Mohamad Khayat

Dissertations

This dissertation presents a comprehensive framework for the evolution of Security Operation Centers (SOCs) through the integration of advanced artificial intelligence (AI), blockchain, and optimization techniques. Motivated by the increasing complexity of cyber threats and the limitations of traditional reactive SOC strategies, this work begins with a systematic literature review that identifies critical gaps in current SOC operations. Based on these insights, a reference architecture is proposed to guide the integration of intelligent components into SOC environments. To address the challenge of secure and trustworthy information sharing, a blockchain-based threat intelligence platform is developed, leveraging Byzantine Fault Tolerance and Zero-Knowledge …

Ponzilens+: Visualizing Bytecode Actions For Smart Ponzi Scheme Identification, Xiaolin Wen, Tai D. Nguyen, Shaolun Ruan, Qiaomu Shen, Jun Sun, Feida Zhu, Yong Wang

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

With the prevalence of smart contracts, smart Ponzi schemes have become a common fraud on blockchain and have caused significant financial loss to cryptocurrency investors in the past few years. Despite the critical importance of detecting smart Ponzi schemes, a reliable and transparent identification approach adaptive to various smart Ponzi schemes is still missing. To fill the research gap, we first extract semantic-meaningful actions to represent the execution behaviors specified in smart contract bytecodes, which are derived from a literature review and in-depth interviews with domain experts. We then propose PonziLens+, a novel visual analytic approach that provides an intuitive …

Blockchain-Based Physical Election Votes Digitally Secure Transfer, Mohanad A. Mohammed, Hala B. Abdul Wahab

Journal of Soft Computing and Computer Applications

Responsibility for maintaining election transparency over time and ensuring democratic values intact is held by the Iraqi Independent High Electoral Commission (IHEC). However, transferring physical election votes from election centers is a critical duty, where many challenges appear regarding accountability and security measures. This study proposes a system that utilizes blockchain technology to solve any challenges or difficulties and ensure an effective and improved election process by providing its highest trustworthiness and legitimacy and ensuring a decentralized security process. This system offers unique blockchain characteristics such as immutability, decentralization, and transparency, providing an extra level of security to the data …

Enhancing Cybersecurity Based On Blockchain Technology: A Systematic Review, Sarah Mohammed Shareef, Rehab Flaih Hassan

Journal of Soft Computing and Computer Applications

Cybersecurity is a crucial component of the security system that guards against unauthorized access to digital transactions. Blockchain is a decentralized ledger used to securely exchange digital currencies and conduct trades and transactions. Blockchain technology has led to significant changes in electronic transactions. The enormous potential is being exploited in many areas such as financial services, real estate, supply chain, and the Internet of Things. Despite being a security system, it has suffered from security threats to sensitive data. Phishing and 51% attacks can circumvent blockchain security, highlighting the need for thorough user education and awareness. Additionally, blockchains based on …

Hdwsa2: A Secure Hierarchical Deterministic Wallet Supporting Stealth Address And Signature Aggregation, Xin Yin, Zhen Liu, Guomin Yang, Guoxing Chen, Haojin Zhu

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Hierarchical Deterministic Wallet (HDW) and Stealth Address (SA) are widely used in cryptocurrency communities due to their functionality and security. In the preliminary version of this work (ESORICS 2022), we formally define the syntax and security models of Hierarchical Deterministic Wallet supporting Stealth Address (HDWSA), capturing the functionality and security requirements imposed by the practice in cryptocurrency. We propose a concrete HDWSA construction and prove its security in the random oracle model. Note that when applied in blockchain, in practice, signature aggregation could reduce the cost of computation, storage, and communication dramatically. In this full version, we develop HDWSA definition …

An Efficient Blockchain-Based Privacy Preservation Scheme For Smart Grids, Mohamad Badra, Rouba Borghol

All Works

Smart grids have revolutionized electricity management and distribution, but they also generate and transmit vast amounts of consumer data, raising privacy concerns. In this paper, we propose a blockchain-based solution to preserve user's privacy in smart grids and to mitigates data forgery, profiling, and man-in-the-middle attacks. Moreover, our solution provides security services such as authentication and non-repudiation to prevent unauthorized access to sensitive data and ensure accountability and traceability. We validate our approach through testing and show that it is a simple, scalable, cost-effective solution with minimal computational processing overhead.

Cryptology With Bitcoin And Blockchain Applications, Seth D. Bergmann

OER Textbooks

This book is intended to be used for a first course in cryptography for computer science students. It assumes that the student has had at least one programming course and a discrete structures or discrete math course. This book places an emphasis on algorithms and the internals of cryptographic systems.

The book begins with some classical cryptographic algorithms used for confidentiality. Then it exposes modern cryptographic algorithms for confidentiality, integrity, and authenticity. Both private key (symmetric) and public key (asymmetric) algorithms are covered. This book also describes the workings of the most common cryptocurrency, Bitcoin, as well as blockchain technology. …

Smartsla: Enabling Quality Of Service In Blockchain-Enabled Iot Networks, Kyle M. Whitlatch, Asad Waqar Malik, Sanjay Madria

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

The significant advancement in Internet of Things (IoT) adoption has enabled Multi-access Edge Computing (MEC) to mitigate IoT sensors limited computational, transmission power constraints, and data distribution overhead. However, integrating MEC with the IoT ecosystem poses several challenges, resulting in integrity issues with the MECs, impacting their capacity to effectively serve users seeking data generated by IoT sensors. To address this, we propose SmartSLA, a blockchain based solution to ensure Quality of Service (QoS) from third party IoT devices. SmartSLA leverages the decentralized and immutable nature of blockchain to combat the shortcomings of MECs. Using smart contracts, we develop a …

Implementing Rsa Accumulators For Asynchronous And Permissionless Reliable Broadcasting, Eric Webb

CCAC Theses and Dissertations

Asynchronous consensus protocols are essential for decentralized and trustless environments such as decentralized finance (DeFi), supply chain management, and voting systems. These protocols eliminate centralized authority and timing assumptions while improving resilience and security. However, as network sizes increase the communication overhead in these systems becomes a bottleneck that limits scalability and efficiency. One notable example is the Aleph protocol, which stands out as one of the first consensus protocols to be both asynchronous and permissionless while providing Byzantine Fault Tolerance. Unlike many existing asynchronous consensus mechanisms, Aleph is permissionless in nature and does not rely on a trusted dealer …

Augmentation Of Quality Of Service, Security, And Trust In Edge-Enhanced Iot Networks Leveraging Blockchain, Kyle Matthew Whitlatch

Masters Theses

The meteoric rise of the Internet of Things (IoT) has led to multiple architectural schemas to handle the data these devices create. Edge-enhancement is a technique where groups of IoT report to a median layer to aggregate the data before relaying to the endpoint. These edges also open opportunities to perform more operations to ensure devices are behaving properly before committing the data to long term storage. By interconnecting these edges with a technology like blockchain, it is possible to have an interconnected and responsive system to ensure the Quality of Service (QoS) of the IoT devices within the architecture …

5g-Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance: An Improved Pbft Consensus Algorithm For The 5g Network, Xin Liu, Xing Fan, Baoning Niu, Xianrong Zheng

Information Technology & Decision Sciences Faculty Publications

The consensus algorithm is the core technology of blockchain systems to maintain data consistency, and its performance directly affects the efficiency and security of the whole system. Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance (PBFT) plays a crucial role in blockchain consensus algorithms by providing a robust mechanism to achieve fault-tolerant and deterministic consensus in distributed networks. With the development of 5G network technology, its features of high bandwidth, low latency, and high reliability provide a new approach for consensus algorithm optimization. To take advantage of the features of the 5G network, this paper proposes 5G-PBFT, which is an improved practical Byzantine fault-tolerant …

Utilizing Biometrics And Blockchain For Enhanced Security Of Remote Patient Monitoring (Rpm) Data Sharing, Amaturrahman Raihanah Medlock

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

Advancements in Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) technologies have significantly revolutionized the conventional healthcare systems. Through the integration of smart devices, medical sensors, and communication technology, IoMT provides real-time patient’s monitoring data for healthcare providers, thus promoting accurate and timely clinical decisions for patient-centric care. The current healthcare sector is evolving to a connected ecosystem with connectivity and intelligence. While it also incurs increasing security and privacy concerns as integrating IoMT generated patient monitoring data into healthcare information systems. Both blockchain and biometrics are measures that have established reputable names in the security realm. When evaluating …

A Comprehensive Academic And Industrial Survey Of Blockchain Technology For The Energy Sector Using Fuzzy Einstein Decision-Making, Umit Cali, Annabelle Lee, Barry Hayes, Claudio Lima, D. Jonathan Sebastian-Cardenas, David Flynn, Emre Kantar, Farrokh Rahimi, Kaung Si Thu, Marco Pasetti, Marthe Fogstad Dynge, Merlinda Andoni, Muhammet Deveci, Murat Kuzlu, Raquel Alanso, Kim-Kwang Raymond Choo, Sambeet Mishra, Shammya Shananda Saha, Sonam Norbu, Srinikhil Gourisetti, Ugur Halden, Vahid Hosseinezhad, Valentin Robu

Engineering Technology Faculty Publications

The global energy sector is undergoing a significant transformation driven by decarbonization and digitalization, leading to the emergence of Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) — particularly blockchain — as a promising tool for enhancing transparency, security, and efficiency in modern power systems. This study aims to provide a comprehensive academic and industrial survey of blockchain applications in the energy sector and develop a robust decision-making framework to identify and prioritize the most promising real-world use cases based on multidisciplinary criteria. A three-stage methodology was adopted: (i) a literature and market review encompassing over 300 academic publications and commercial blockchain initiatives in …

Blockchain-Based Trust Model For Inter-Domain Routing, Qiong Yang, Li Ma, Sami Ullah, Shanshan Tu, Hisham Alasmary, Muhammad Waqas

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Border Gateway Protocol (BGP), as the standard inter-domain routing protocol, is a distance-vector dynamic routing protocol used for exchanging routing information between distributed Autonomous Systems (AS). BGP nodes, communicating in a distributed dynamic environment, face several security challenges, with trust being one of the most important issues in inter-domain routing. Existing research, which performs trust evaluation when exchanging routing information to suppress malicious routing behavior, cannot meet the scalability requirements of BGP nodes. In this paper, we propose a blockchain-based trust model for inter-domain routing. Our model achieves scalability by allowing the master node of an AS alliance to transmit …

Delivery Of Medical Supplies To Remote Locations Via Unmanned Aerial Vehicles: Approaches, Challenges, And Solutions, Meshari Aljohani, Ravi Mukkamala, Stephanie Olariu

Computer Science Faculty Publications

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are becoming more important in improving healthcare logistics, in particular due to their cost effectiveness, minimized risk, and versatile operational capabilities. This study explores the deployment of autonomous UAVs to deliver medical supplies to remote areas. Advances in ledger technology, smart contracts, and machine learning have transformed tasks previously managed by human teams or manually controlled UAVs into fully autonomous missions. We present a comprehensive analysis of the challenges and initial solutions vital for the effective use of autonomous UAVs in the delivery of medical supplies. In addition, we propose a machine-learning model to optimize UAV …

Digital Twin And Cybersecurity In Additive Manufacturing, Lidong Wang

Journal of Cybersecurity Education, Research and Practice

Additive manufacturing (AM) has been applied to automotive, aerospace, medical sectors, etc., but there are still challenges such as parts’ porosity, cracks, surface roughness, intrinsic anisotropy, and residual stress because of the high level of thermal gradient. It is significant to conduct the modeling and simulation of the AM process and achieve quality products. Digital Twin (DT) can help AM with forecasting defects/errors through simulation and real-time process monitoring. DT is a concept of Industry 4.0, and its digital structure reflects the real-time behaviors of a cyber-physical or physical system. This paper introduces the progress of DT applications in AM, …

Agchain: A Blockchain-Based Gateway For Trustworthy App Delegation From Mobile App Markets, Mengjie Chen, Xiao Yi, Daoyuan Wu, Jianliang Xu, Yingjiu Li, Debin Gao

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

The popularity of smartphones has led to the growth of mobile app markets, creating a need for enhanced transparency, global access, and secure downloading. This paper introduces AGChain, a blockchain-based gateway that enables trustworthy app delegation within existing markets. AGChain ensures that markets can continue providing services while users benefit from permanent, distributed, and secure app delegation. During its development, we address two key challenges: significantly reducing smart contract gas costs and enabling fully distributed IPFS-based file storage. Additionally, we tackle three system issues related to security and sustainability. We have implemented a prototype of AGChain on Ethereum and Polygon …