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The Tribology And Chemistry Of Phosphorus Containing Lubricant Additives, David W. Johnson
The Tribology And Chemistry Of Phosphorus Containing Lubricant Additives, David W. Johnson
Chemistry Faculty Publications
Phosphate esters, thiophosphate esters and metal thiophosphates have been used as lubricant additives for over 50 years. Recently, phosphorus‐containing ionic liquids have emerged as a new class of lubricant additives. While the use of phosphorus compounds has been extensive, a detailed knowledge of how they work has been a much more recent development. In this chapter, the use of phosphate esters, thiophosphate esters, metal thiophosphates and phosphorus‐containing ionic liquids as antiwear or extreme pressure additives is discussed. The primary emphasis will be on how they form a protective film, which is both durable and reduces friction. The first part of …
Lubricants For Turbine Engines, David W. Johnson
Lubricants For Turbine Engines, David W. Johnson
Chemistry Faculty Publications
The lubricant systems used in turbine engine applications are discussed with respect to the particular problems associated with aircraft applications. After initially describing the relevant specifications, the typical basestocks are described along with some common degradation schemes. The additive systems, including antioxidants, anti-foaming agents, and anti-wear additives needed to achieve the typical specifications, are described along with their mechanism of action and degradation mechanisms. The methods used for the monitoring of lubricant health, including in-line and offline methods, are also discussed. Finally, future changes in specifications, basestocks, and additives are discussed with respect to new, high-performance bearing materials.
Content Analysis Of The Discussion Of The Atom In General Chemistry Textbooks Using Evaluation Criteria Based On The Nature Of Science And Philosophy Of Chemistry, Armando M. Guidote Jr, Angelo Julian E. Perez, Gilbert U. Yu, Michael Ner E. Mariano
Content Analysis Of The Discussion Of The Atom In General Chemistry Textbooks Using Evaluation Criteria Based On The Nature Of Science And Philosophy Of Chemistry, Armando M. Guidote Jr, Angelo Julian E. Perez, Gilbert U. Yu, Michael Ner E. Mariano
Chemistry Faculty Publications
Evaluation criteria are adapted from previous textbook analyses on the nature of science (NOS) in general chemistry textbooks. These criteria are used to determine how certain NOS dimensions are mentioned and elaborated in those textbooks. Such dimensions emphasize that chemistry is (1) tentative, (2) empirical, (3) model-based, (4) inferential, (5) has technological products, (6) employs instrumentation, and (7) possesses social and societal dimensions. Three book chapters were read and evaluated: the first (on chemistry in general); the second (on atomic structure); and the sixth or seventh chapters (on the electronic structure of atoms). The relevant content in each textbook were …