Chemistry Commons^™

Mass Spectra Of Mesonic Molecules At Finite Temperature, Arezu Jahanshir, Mohammad Reza Soltani

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

At a finite temperature, exotic hadronic systems, mass spectrum was studied using the quark structure and the radial Schrödinger equation with the Cornell interaction potential representing the hadronic interaction. The projective unitary representation has been used in the study of hadronic ground states in physics. A relativistic bound state's mass spectrum with temperature dependence is shown to have a unique feature. The resulting values are compared to experimental and theoretical values, and the study showed a high level of conformity with additional values wherever feasible.

Efficiency Of +Idonblender Photogrammetric Tool In Facial Prosthetics Rehabilitation – An Evaluation Study, Mohammed R. Falih, Fanar M. Abed, Rodrigo Salazar-Gamarra, Luciano Lauria Dib

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

Several open-source 3D modeling software tools have recently been featured to reconstruct a 3D image-based model using Structure from Motion (SfM) algorithms such as +IDonBlender. It is, therefore, necessary to evaluate the accuracy of the models extracted from this tool to prove effectiveness for different applications. This paper aims to evaluate the +IDonBlender methodology tool in rehabilitating facial deformations. +IDonBlender is an add-on tool programmed within Blender software and designed for medical applications. In this research, two individuals from different genders have volunteered to contribute to this study, one with severe facial deformation and the other is healthy with no …

Proposed Hybrid Correlationfeatureselectionforestpanalizedattribute Approach To Advance Idss, Doaa Nteesha Mhawi, Prof. Soukaena H. Hashem

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

NetworkIntrusionDetectionSystem(NIDS), widely used network infrastructure. Although many datamining has been used to increase the effectiveness of IDSs, current ID still struggle to perform well. therfore; proposed a new NIDS focused on feature_selection. The proposed CorrelationFeatureSelection_ForestPanalizedAttributes(CFS_FPA) used for dimensionality_reduction and selects the optimal_subset. based on two steps: first check each feature with a target(class) and choose only features that most effective by applying CFS filter using a statistical_method, then applied FPA to select only features will enhance ID and reduce_dimensionality. proposal tested with the NSLKDD experimental results of accuracy 0.997% and 0.004 FAR, wherein UNSWNB15_dataset accuracy and FAR are 0.995%, 0.008 …

Analysis Of Modern Communication Protocols For Iot Applications, Neerendra Kumar, Pragti Jamwal

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

To facilitate increasing interactions of machines, various protocols are building up for IoT applications. Safeguarding communication among devices is necessary. In this paper, various protocols have been studied and compared using six parameters: Communication overhead, Security, Packet Loss, Throughput, Bandwidth and Support to QoS. LIDOR is found as the most successful communication protocol. A tabulated comparison of various communication protocols have been provided by comparing the parameters. Further, six star rating for the various protocols have been proposed. The study shows that LIDOR increases reliability under DoS attacks. Considering the existing literature, new research gaps and challenges have been presented.

The Effect Of Diode Laser On The Life And Appearance Of White Ant (Psammotermes Hypostoma), Estabraq Mahmood Mahdi Msc, Sahar Naji Rashid Msc., Saeed Maher Lafta Ph.D., Arshad Mahdi Hamad Msc

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

This work focused on studying effect of diode laser on external appearance of white ants, and finding the percentage of mortality resulting from this beam of (650nm),(5mW),exposure times (60,70,80,90,100)sec at (3,5)cm for each exposure. The results recorded showed a clear increase in death rates, and increase in deformations as laser exposure times increased (higher percentage at lower distance), where laser was used to capture results of this therapeutic effect after passage time periods (12,24,48,72)hours. These results, show laser thermal effects resulting from its interaction with tissues, thermal propagation leads to ravage to the structures, thus to an increase death rates.

Calculation And Comparison Of Certain Physical Properties Of Sample Irregular Galaxies With The Milky Way Galaxy, Hasanain Hassan Al-Dahlaki Msc

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

Irregular galaxies often include a mix of old and young celestial populations, as well as dust and gas. This study makes an early effort at the morphological classification of irregular galaxies. These sources have been chosen from (70) irregular galaxies data samples from a Catalogue survey. We present a statistical analysis of the physical properties for the chosen data from the database and a collection of tools that used to study the physics of galaxies and cosmology HYPERLEDA (http://atlas.obshp.fr/hyperleda/) and NASA /IPAC Extragalactic Database NED (https://ned.ipac.caltech.edu/) survey.

Seasonal Variation Of Microbiota In Shank Acanthopagrus Latus Living In Both Brackish And Fresh Water, Ali A. Al-Hisnawi Ph.D., Jassim M. Mustafa, Yass K. Yasser, Khalid A. Hussain, Ameera M. Jabur

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

The present study was conducted to monitor the microbiota in the posterior intestine of Shank fish living in the river (fresh water) and Al-Razzaza lake (salt or brackish water) in Kerbala, Iraq. Cultivable bacteria were calculated and identified from specimens obtained from the posterior intestine of mucosa (PM) and digesta (PD) during summer and winter seasons. The total culturable bacteria (TCB) of bacteria isolated from both intestinal regions from fresh water fish during summer time were higher than counterparts in winter time. In contrast, the TVC of bacteria isolated from the PM from salt water fish during winter time were …

Evaluation Of The Healing Activity Of Cucurbita Spp. Leaf And Seed Extracts On Experimental Thermal Burns, Sanaa Jameel Thamer Ph.D., Prof. Maha Khalil Ibrahim, Dr. Khalid Shanshal Alnema

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

Burns are the most common skin injuries associated with many complications and high incidences of wound infections. Many compounds of plant products have been assessed to accelerate wound healing or reduce contamination. The possible healing effect of two Cucurbita spp. in skin burns was investigated. Cucurbita maxima and Cucurbita pepo leaves and seeds were extracted using ethanol and analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Second-degree burn wounds were made on laboratory rats, and the burn wounds were applied topically with extracts for 14 days and silver sulfadiazine (SS) for comparison. Serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was analyzed post-treatment. Hydroxyproline content …

Energy Conservation Approach Of Wireless Sensor Networks For Iot Applications, Suha Abdulhussein Abdulzahra Msc, Ali Kadhum M. Al-Qurabat Ph.D., Prof. Dr. Ali Kadhum Idrees

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

Wireless Sensor Network is one of the most important contributors to IoT and performs significant role in people's lives due to its extensive use in many applications. Energy-saving is essential since sensor nodes are working by their restricted battery. In this article, data reduction method proposed to work at Gateway level of network. In GW, proposed method works as filtering via enabling GW to identify, then remove, sets of data that are redundant and produced by neighboring nodes. Principle idea of method recommended at this level is to exploit the advantage of spatial correlation between sensors to minimize energy depletion.

Biosynthesis, Characterization And Antiproliferative Activity Of Green Synthesized Gold Nanoparticles Using Lantadene A Extracted From Lantana Camara, Dawood Ali Salim Dawood, Lee Suan Chua Ph.D, Tian Swee Tan Ph.D, Ahmed F. Alshemary Ph.D

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

This study was focused on the biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles loaded with lantadene A (LA-AuNPs) from Lantana camara extract and the antiproliferative effects on prostate cancer cells (LNCaP). The synthesized LA-AuNPs had smooth surface, and nearly spherical in shape (67.94 nm) with the zeta potential (-30.11±0.83 mV). LAAuNPs showed a dose dependent cytotoxic activity with IC50, 126.82 µg/mL against LNCaP, but non-cytotoxic to normal prostate cells. The intrinsic pathway of apoptosis was caused by the increase of caspases-3/7 and -9 activity and cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase. Therefore, LA-AuNPs could be a potent lead to inhibit LNCaP

An Online E-Voting System Based On An Adaptive Ledger With Singular Value Decomposition Technique, Rihab Habeeb Sahib, Prof. Dr. Eman Salih Al-Shamery

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

Regular E-voting systems for elections may count the votes in less time,less cost,save the privacy of citizens,but still considered risky as votes can be tampered.E-voting systems based on a network distributed ledger show fast results,more trusted,save privacy,cannot be tampered,and distributed in which no central organization controls the system.This paper illustrate an e-voting system to solve the challenge of a massive ledger that is distributed among network-nodes using a data reduction technique as a security-matching-tool,singular value decomposition(SVD) that handle a copy of election results in another form and matched with the SQL-database results to announce a successful election-event representing a transparency-powerful-secured-system

Detecting Malicious Dns Queries Over Encrypted Tunnels Using Statistical Analysis And Bi-Directional Recurrent Neural Networks, Mohammad Al-Fawa'reh, Zain Ashi, Mousa Tayseer Jafar

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

The exponential rise in the number of malicious threats targeting computer networks and digital services puts network infrastructure in jeopardy. Domain name protocol attacks are one of the most pervasive network attacks posing a threat to networks, whereby attackers send harmful information to the network; this type of threat is identified as DNS tunneling. The DNS protocol has recently gained increased attention from cyber-attackers, targeting organizations with a web presence or reliance on e-commerce businesses. Cyber-attackers can subtly exploit the contents of encrypted DNS packets that are sent across covert network tunnels, which are difficult for firewalls and blacklist detection …

Artificial Intelligence For Para Rubber Identification Combining Five Machine Learning Methods, Chairote Yaiprasert Ph.D.

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

This study aims to identify Para rubber species using a combination of five machine learning techniques to classify leaf images. The learning process is defined using a dataset for each classification method. Approximately 1,472 leaf images are prepared consisting of various sizes, shapes, quality provided for the model. The classification indicators are defined with the help of an algorithm to identify at least three of the top five potential classification outcomes. The algorithm accurately predicts 100% of the five classification methods. Methods can provide precise and rapid classification of large quantities, without the need for image preprocessing prior to classification.

Synergistic Extraction Of Silver From Nitric Acid Medium With Dithizone In The Presence Of A Secondary Amine- Amberlite La-2 Using 110mag-Radioisotope, Madhusudan Mandal Ph.D.

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

Synergistic extraction of silver has been investigated in the presence of two different kinds of extractants, one of which is a chelating ligand, dithizone and the other is a long-chain secondary amine amberlite LA-2 at pH 3.0 using a radiotracer technique. The apparent formation constant, overall equilibrium constant and adduct formation constants were calculated from distribution coefficients. Interestingly, it was observed that the adduct formation constant is too high when the ligand concentration is increased by keeping the amine concentration fixed at 0.044 M compared to that obtained when the ligand concentration is kept fixed at 8.74×10^-4 M.

Editorial Board

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

No abstract provided.

Evaluation Of Wind Data Reliability By Using Logarithmic And Power Laws: A Case Study In Southern Iraq, Ahmed B. Khamees, Saif F. Yaseen, Khalid S. Heni, Mudar Ahmed Abdulsattar

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

In this study, two sites were investigated in the southern region of Iraq: Ali AL-Gharbi and AL-Salman in Mesan and AL-Muthana provinces, respectively. A theoretical extrapolation between wind speed and height was carried out for both locations each month using the Logarithmic Law. Power Law was also applied to achieve calculations of wind shear coefficient (α) by using the actual data collected from the meteorological mast installed in each site at three levels of 10 m, 30 m, and 50 m, at an interval of ten minutes. To compare the effects of each law, two laws are employed.

Polystyrene Molecular Weight Determination Of Submicron Particles Shell, Airat Z. Sakhabutdinov, Safaa.M.R.H. Hussein, Alsu R. Ibragimova Ph.D., Vladimir Kuklin Ph.D., Maxim Petrovich Danilaev, L.Y. Zaharova

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

The method of determination of the molecular weight of the polystyrene, which is formed as the shell on the surfaces of submicron aluminum oxide particles is considered in the paper. This method is based on the sedimentation of submicron particles, covered by polymer molecules, in a solvent for polystyrene. It is shown that the average polystyrene molecular weight is 39500±11250 amu, when the polymer shells on the surfaces of submicron particles (Al2O3) are formed by the vapor-phase method.

Adaptive Reconstruction Of The Heterogeneous Scan Line Etm+ Correction Technique, Heba Kh. Abbas, Salema S. Salman, Rash Awad Abtan, Anwar H. Al-Saleh, Ali A. Al-Zuky

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

ETM+ is a land-imaging sensor with great and wide use in many fields, however, after May 2003, because of a technical defect in the sensor´s system scan line corrector SLC, it started giving images of earth containing black gap lines at a 22% rate. These gaps made the process of analyzing and extracting accurate information from these images difficult and complicated. Therefore, scientists have developed many techniques to remove the gap lines from all ETM+ band-images and complete the missing data. In this study, three different ETM+ time images with a 16-day interval between them were used to fill gap …

Two-Dimensional Quantitative Profiling Of Cell Morphology With Serous Effusion By Unsupervised Machine Learning Analysis, Safaa Al-Qaysi Ph.D., Ding Dai Md Ph.D., Heng Hong Md Ph.D., Yuhua Wen Ph.D., X.H. Hu Ph.D.

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

Cytological evaluation of serous effusion specimens is an important part of cancer diagnosis. In this study we performed two-dimensional (2D) morphometric features and clustering analysis for development of useful techniques for identification and differentiation of malignant and begin cells in serous effusion specimens extracted from ten patients with clinical symptoms of pleural and peritoneal effusion. Our findings show that the two-dimensional (2D) morphometric features and clustering analysis are useful techniques for identification and differentiation of malignant and begin cells in serous effusion specimens, which can lead to development of new methods for rapid cells profiling in clinical application.

Modeling Vitexin And Isovitexin Flavones As Corrosion Inhibitors For Aluminium Metal, Abdullahi Muhammad Ayuba, Umaru Umar

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

Theoretically, the aluminium corrosion inhibitive performance of vitexin (VTX) and isovitexin (SVT) were evaluated with a view of establishing the mechanism of the inhibition process. Calculations which include the consideration of several global descriptors were studied to describe and correlate the reactivity of the molecules with the computed descriptors. First and second-order condensed Fukui functions were employed to analyze local reactivity parameters, while simulations involving the adsorbed molecules on Al (1 1 0) surface were conducted through quench dynamic simulations and the mechanism of physical adsorption was established with SVT relatively been a better inhibitor on Al surface than VTX.

Editorial Board

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

No abstract provided.

Mathematical Model For Measuring The Concentration Of Nanoparticles In A Liquid During Sedimentation, Safaa Mohammed Ridha Hussien Hussien, Airat Sakhabutdinov, Vladimir Anfinogentov, Maxim Danilaev, Vladimir Kuklin, Oleg Morozov

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

Expanding the application areas of polymer composite materials with dispersed filler requires the development of technologies providing the required mechanical characteristics. One of these methods is based on forming a thin polymer shell on the surfaces of particles. At the same time, it is impossible to take into account the mechanical characteristics of a thin polymer shell due to its ultra-small thickness. The mechanical properties of the polymer shell can be determined only by indirect methods, and prior information can improve the adequacy of the properties determination. The method, which allows reducing the requirements for composite sample preparation, is proposed. …

Role Of Lepidium Sativum In Treating Diabetes And Managing Bodily Functions’ Disorders In Rats., Gehan El-Emary

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

: Lepidium sativum seed (LS) is a plant used globally for its medicinal effect in treating diabetes. This study examined the ability of an aqueous extract of LS to treat diabetes and manage disorders of bodily functions. It used 70 male Wistar rats, each weighing between 190 g and 200 g. Diabetes was established in the rats by injecting them with Alloxan Solution at 150 mg/kg of body weight. The rats were considered diabetic if, after 24 hours, their blood glucose levels were higher than 180 mg/dl. Diabetes caused severe alterations in their blood serum glucose (376.608 mg/dl); …

Editorial Board

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

No abstract provided.

Novel Phenolic Deep Eutectic Solvents For Desulfurisation Of Petrodiesel, Idrees Bakr Qader, Jalil H. Kareem, Hani K. Ismail, Hawbash K. Mahmood

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

In this work, a novel production of “deep eutectic solvents (DESs)” has been utilised for the elimination of sulfur composition, particularly from crude oil by liquid-liquid extraction. Herein, we present the first demonstration of the use of novel DESs formed by phenol, catechol, resorcinol and o-cresol as “hydrogen bond donors (HBDs)” with trimethyl hydroxyammonium chloride (ChCl) as the hydrogen bond acceptor to affect the efficient separation of organosulfur compounds from diesel. These DES electrolytes have been applied for the sulfur extraction from Iraqi real diesel fuel as determined using X-ray florescence sulfur measurements. The optimisation condition factors in this research …

Anticancer And Antiangiogenic Activities Of Alkaloids Isolated From Lantana Camara By Adsorption On The Magnetic Nanoparticles, Hussein Kadhem Al-Hakeim, Rahman Sahib Al-Zabibah, Huda Falah Alzihari, Ali Khudhair Almensoori, Hazim A. Al-Zubaidi, Loiy Elsir Ahmed Hassan Hassan

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

Lantana camara L. (L. camara) is a perennial shrub that contains low amounts of alkaloids. In the present study, the magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) were used to isolate positively charged alkaloids from the methanolic extract of L. camara leaves. The crude alkaloid was fractionated using HPLC to separate the highest peak of the alkaloid fraction (HPAF). The crude alkaloids (CA) and HPAF were tested for their antiproliferative effect against cancer cell lines (MCF-7, HCT-116, and HeLa) and endothelial cells line (EA.hy926) as a standard cell line. Antiangiogenic properties were examined using rat aortic ring assay. …

Mach-Zehnder Quantum Interference Rules In Hydrocarbons With Substituents, Alaa Al-Jobory, Zainelabideen Y. Mijbil

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

We have investigated the conditions of quantum interferences in hydrocarbons with substituents using density functional theory and tight binding approximation combined with non-equilibrium Green’s function technique. The chosen model systems, namely benzene and tripyridyl–triazine molecules, have elucidated three prominent rules. The ‘first rule’ is the occurrence of inevitable, destructive quantum interference when 1,3-benzene ring incorporates single substituent at the fifth site. The ‘second rule’ is the chaotic occurrence of quantum interferences due the position and/or type of the substituents. The ‘third rule’: the substituents decrease (increase) the probability of destructive (constructive) interferences

Physical-Chemical Characterization And Heavy Metals Assessment Of Waters And Sediments Of Sebou Watershed (Top Sebou, Morocco), Mohamed Kabriti, Eda Mahougnon Léonce, Chaimaa Merbouh, Bensaber Abdelfattah, Abdelmajid Achkir, Abdlhakim Aouragh, Iounes Nadia

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of human activities, geochemical background and seasons on pollutant pathway. Surface water, groundwater and sediments were assessed to highlight and confirm those impacts. Sixteen physico-chemical parameters were measured (T°, pH, O2, salinity, conductivity, BOD5, COD, SM, Cl-, NO2-, NO3-, NH4+, TAC, TH, SO₄²- and PO43-) and twelve metallic trace elements were analyzed (Ar, Cr, Zn, Mn, Ni, Fe, Al, Cd, Cu, Pb, K and Na). Five sampling campaigns were carried out in 18 sampling points for over one year, between July 2018 and July 2019 in the upstream part …

Nanocellulose Sheets From Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches Treated With Naoh Solution, Farah Fahma, Faiza Ayu Lestari, Ika Amalia Kartika, Nurmalisa Lisdayana, Evi Savitri Iriani

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

The objective of this study is to produce nanocellulose sheets from oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFBs). Nanocellulose sheets from OPEFBs were prepared through the dewatering process using vacuum filtration. Subsequently, the produced sheets were treated with NaOH solution to improve the mechanical stability of their structure, causing them to be firm in water. The water absorption of nanocellulose sheet increased with increasing NaOH concentrations up to 20 wt%, increasing tensile strength, and Young’s modulus, but decreased when they were treated with 30 wt%. The diameter shrinkage of nanocellulose sheets was directly proportional to the NaOH concentration and soaking time. …

Molecular Structure Vibrational & Electronic Properties Of Some Isatin Derivatives, Fatma K. Fkandermili Prof, Fatma M. Aldibashi S, Hakan S. Sayiner Prof

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

Abstract

In this study, Natural Bonding Orbitals (NBOs) were applied to isatin, 5‑fluoroisatin, 5‑chloroisatin, 5‑methylisatin and 5‑methoxyisatin using the Lee-Yang-Parr correlation functional B3LYP with 6‑311++G(2d,2p) basis set. Natural bonding analysis was performed to consider the transfer interactions of intra-molecular charge, pre-hybridization and electron density within the isatin, 5‑fluoroisatin, 5‑chloroisatin, 5‑methylisatin and 5‑methoxyisatin. In natural bonding orbital analysis, the wave functions of the electrons were explicated in sets of occupied Lewis type terms, (bonds or lone pairs) and sets of unoccupied non‑Lewis (anti‑bond and Rydberg) localized natural bonding orbitals. The electron density between these orbitals was correlated to stabilize the interaction …