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Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Nanotextural And Nanochemical Constraints On The Role Of Heat In The Development Of Crystalline-Hosted, Silica-Rich Fault Mirrors In The Wasatch Fault Damage Zone, Utah, Usa, Leah M. Houser
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
Earthquakes occur on faults, or rock that has experienced displacement at depth. Experimental work on a range of rock types reveals that >90% of earthquake energy on fault surfaces is given off as heat. Heat weakens rock and promotes earthquake rupture propagation. Thin (<0.5mm), high-gloss, "polished", light-reflective exposed fault surfaces are called fault mirrors (FMs). Fault mirrors may record rapid thermal, textural, and chemical changes that occur during an earthquake event.
The Wasatch Mountains are a N-S trending mountain range in Northern Utah that are the backdrop for Salt Lake City, Provo, Ogden, and Brigham City. This mountain range is currently built by the active Wasatch fault, and includes the exposed Wasatch fault damage zone. Many segments of the Wasatch fault are overdue for a potentially catastrophic …
0.5mm),>Long Recurrence Records From The Wasatch Fault Zone, Utah, James P. Mccalpin
Long Recurrence Records From The Wasatch Fault Zone, Utah, James P. Mccalpin
James P. McCalpin
The Wasatch fault "megatrench" was excavated in September 1999 across two fault scarps totaling 18 meters high on the Salt Lake City segment of the Wasatch fault zone (WFZ). The purpose of the megatrench was to date a long series of consecutive earthquakes (8-12 events?) on the WFZ and measure the variability of recurrence times between the events.This variability could then be used in calculating the future probability of large earthquakes on the WFZ. The trench was located 1 km north of the mouth of Little Cottonwood Canyon, at an elevation of 1525 m, between the Bonneville highstand (ca. 17.5 …
Recommended Setback Distances From Active Normal Faults, James P. Mccalpin
Recommended Setback Distances From Active Normal Faults, James P. Mccalpin
James P. McCalpin
The geometry of near-surface ground breakage was analyzed from 40 trenches across Quaternary normal faults to help define reasonable setback distances. From each of the trench logs (28 on the Wasatch Fault, 11 on other Great Basin faults) eight parameters characteristic of surface rupture style were measured. Parameters included: 1) position of the main fault in relation to scarp morphology. 2) dip of the main fault. 3) number of faults on the upthrown block, 4) width of the upthrown block fault zone. 5) number of faults in the downthrown block. 6) width of the downthrown deformation zone, 7) ratio of …