Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons™
Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
-
- Social and Behavioral Sciences (74)
- Computer Sciences (69)
- International and Area Studies (61)
- Asian Studies (60)
- Education (24)
-
- Public Affairs, Public Policy and Public Administration (20)
- Business (19)
- Higher Education (19)
- Databases and Information Systems (17)
- Artificial Intelligence and Robotics (16)
- Environmental Sciences (13)
- Medicine and Health Sciences (10)
- Technology and Innovation (10)
- Communication (8)
- Numerical Analysis and Scientific Computing (8)
- Transportation (8)
- Urban Studies and Planning (8)
- Engineering (7)
- Geography (7)
- Health Information Technology (7)
- Law (7)
- Social Media (7)
- Environmental Policy (6)
- Information Security (6)
- Life Sciences (6)
- Sociology (6)
- Arts and Humanities (5)
- Gerontology (5)
- Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology (5)
- Institution
- Publication Year
- Publication
-
- Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems (39)
- SMU Press Releases (9)
- Research Collection School of Social Sciences (6)
- Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law (6)
- Asian Management Insights (5)
-
- EnviroLab Asia (4)
- Biological Sciences Faculty Publications (2)
- Chris BOESCH (2)
- Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles (2)
- Research Collection College of Integrative Studies (2)
- Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business (2)
- All Works (1)
- C. Jason Woodard (1)
- Dr Deogratias Harorimana (1)
- FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations (1)
- Journal of Digital Forensics, Security and Law (1)
- Minerva (1)
- Ming Gao (1)
- Oral History Collection (1)
- Perspectives@SMU (1)
- Research Collection Office of Research (1)
- Publication Type
- File Type
Articles 1 - 30 of 89
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Eyris: From The Lab To The Market, Steven Miller, David Gomulya, Mahima Rao-Kachroo
Eyris: From The Lab To The Market, Steven Miller, David Gomulya, Mahima Rao-Kachroo
Asian Management Insights
Singapore’s trailblazer AI algorithm for detecting diabetes-related eye diseases. Can you imagine getting the results of your eye disease screening within minutes rather than days? This capability is what EyRIS, a Singapore-based start-up that uses the AI (Artificial Intelligence)-driven Singapore Eye LEsion Analyzer (SELENA+) algorithm to screen for diabetes-related eye diseases, set out to productise and commercialise.
Developing Singapore As A Smart Nation, Josephine Teo
Developing Singapore As A Smart Nation, Josephine Teo
Asian Management Insights
Mrs Josephine Teo, Singapore’s Minister for Communications and Information, and Minister-in-charge of Smart Nation and Cybersecurity, speaks about leading the country’s Smart Nation drive.
Public Acceptance Of Using Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Weight Management Apps In High-Income Southeast Asian Adults With Overweight And Obesity: A Cross-Sectional Study, Han Shi Jocelyn Chew, Palakorn Achananuparp, Palakorn Achananuparp, Nicholas W. S. Chew, Yip Han Chin, Yujia Gao, Bok Yan Jimmy So, Asim Shabbir, Ee-Peng Lim, Kee Yuan Ngiam
Public Acceptance Of Using Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Weight Management Apps In High-Income Southeast Asian Adults With Overweight And Obesity: A Cross-Sectional Study, Han Shi Jocelyn Chew, Palakorn Achananuparp, Palakorn Achananuparp, Nicholas W. S. Chew, Yip Han Chin, Yujia Gao, Bok Yan Jimmy So, Asim Shabbir, Ee-Peng Lim, Kee Yuan Ngiam
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
Introduction: With in increase in interest to incorporate artificial intelligence (AI) into weight management programs, we aimed to examine user perceptions of AI-based mobile apps for weight management in adults with overweight and obesity. Methods: 280 participants were recruited between May and November 2022. Participants completed a questionnaire on sociodemographic profiles, Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology 2 (UTAUT2), and Self-Regulation of Eating Behavior Questionnaire. Structural equation modeling was performed using R. Model fit was tested using maximum-likelihood generalized unweighted least squares. Associations between influencing factors were analyzed using correlation and linear regression. Results: 271 participant responses were …
Trust: The Feature That Vending Machines And Atms Share, But Simplygo Lacks, Sun Sun Lim
Trust: The Feature That Vending Machines And Atms Share, But Simplygo Lacks, Sun Sun Lim
Research Collection College of Integrative Studies
The article discussed the intricacies of trust in the SimplyGo debacle and highlighted how the design of physical interfaces like vending machines and ATMs and digital interfaces from apps like Grab, Parking.sg and ShopBack have critical features to instil trust. People need to be reassured that their transactions have proceeded as they should, and thay have not been short-changed.
Sustainability Projects With A Community Partner: A Social Norm Nudging Effort, Benjamin Gan, Thomas Menkhoff, Eng Lieh Ouh
Sustainability Projects With A Community Partner: A Social Norm Nudging Effort, Benjamin Gan, Thomas Menkhoff, Eng Lieh Ouh
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
Singapore students from two inter-disciplinary courses worked with stakeholders of a local business association community partner on a series of sustainability topics to learn about climate change, its effects, and actions to mitigate them. They empathized with the association stakeholders, proposed a digital technology solution, tested their prototypes, and presented the final action plans. After the projects were completed, we found climate proficient (83%), motivated (83%), engaged (97%), and satisfied (70%) students; and two influencing predictors: interest/enjoyment and emotional engagement. The study results suggest that getting students interested and emotionally engaged in sustainability projects is an important first step towards …
Digital Literacies As Policy Catalysts Of Social Innovation And Socioeconomic Transformation: Interpretive Analysis From Singapore And The Uae, Ravi S. Sharma, Intan Azura Mokhtar, Dhanjoo N. Ghista, Amril Nazir, Sana Z. Khan
Digital Literacies As Policy Catalysts Of Social Innovation And Socioeconomic Transformation: Interpretive Analysis From Singapore And The Uae, Ravi S. Sharma, Intan Azura Mokhtar, Dhanjoo N. Ghista, Amril Nazir, Sana Z. Khan
All Works
Even before the COVID-19 global pandemic, the world saw the adoption and proliferation of numerous digital tools and technologies, or a global digital transformation. This paved the way for digital inclusion, particularly through e-commerce and shared services platforms which helped to reduce barriers to entry and created abundant socio-economic opportunities across income groups. As a result, digital literacy becomes a vital aspect of modern life due to the rapid global shift toward this digital transformation. Numerous scholars have investigated the benefits of digital literacies since 1995. The primary objective of this paper is to investigate good practices and lessons learned …
Singapore's Hospital To Home Program: Raising Patient Engagement Through Ai, John Abisheganaden, Kheng Hock Lee, Lian Leng Low, Eugene Shum, Han Leong Goh, Christine Gian Lee Ang, Andy Wee An Ta, Steven M. Miller
Singapore's Hospital To Home Program: Raising Patient Engagement Through Ai, John Abisheganaden, Kheng Hock Lee, Lian Leng Low, Eugene Shum, Han Leong Goh, Christine Gian Lee Ang, Andy Wee An Ta, Steven M. Miller
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
Because of their complex care needs, many elderly patients are discharged from hospitals only to be readmitted for multiple stays within the following twelve months. John Abisheganaden and his fellow authors describe Singapore’s Hospital to Home program, a community care initiative fueled by artificial intelligence.
Singapore's Ai Applications In The Public Sector: Six Examples, Steven M. Miller
Singapore's Ai Applications In The Public Sector: Six Examples, Steven M. Miller
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
Steven M. Miller describes six instances in which Singapore has applied AI in the public sector, illustrating different ways of improving its engagement with the public by making government services more accessible, anywhere, anytime, and speeding its responses to public processes and feedback. He illustrates how its leaders made the city a living lab for AI use, and what they learned.
Creating The Capacity For Digital Government, Cheow Hoe Chan, Steven M. Miller
Creating The Capacity For Digital Government, Cheow Hoe Chan, Steven M. Miller
Asian Management Insights
This article explains how a well-thought-out data policy, supported by a tech stack and cloud infrastructure, an agile way of working, and coordinated whole-of-government leadership, are fundamental to successful government digital transformation efforts, as exemplified by the Singapore government’s digital journey. As part of explaining how to create the capacity for digital government, the main sections of this article cover:
- The origins of GovTech
- How thinking big, starting small and acting fast is a practical strategy for organisational learning
- The importance of horizontal platforms and other enablers of a horizontal approach
- Data architecture and policy
- “Shifting left” with internal technology …
Blue Carbon Science, Management And Policy Across A Tropical Urban Landscape, Daniel A. Friess, Yasmine M. Gatt, Tze Kwan Fung, Jahson B. Alemu I, Natasha Bhatia, Rebecca Case, Siew Chin Chua, Danwei Huang, Valerie Kwan, Kiah Eng Lim, Yudhishthra Nathan, Yan Xiang Ow, Daniel Saavedra-Hortua, Taylor M. Sloey, Erik S. Yando, Hassan Ibrahim, Lian Pin Koh, Jun Yu Puah, Serena Lay-Ming Teo, Karenne Tun, Lynn Wei Wong, Siti Maryam Yaakub
Blue Carbon Science, Management And Policy Across A Tropical Urban Landscape, Daniel A. Friess, Yasmine M. Gatt, Tze Kwan Fung, Jahson B. Alemu I, Natasha Bhatia, Rebecca Case, Siew Chin Chua, Danwei Huang, Valerie Kwan, Kiah Eng Lim, Yudhishthra Nathan, Yan Xiang Ow, Daniel Saavedra-Hortua, Taylor M. Sloey, Erik S. Yando, Hassan Ibrahim, Lian Pin Koh, Jun Yu Puah, Serena Lay-Ming Teo, Karenne Tun, Lynn Wei Wong, Siti Maryam Yaakub
Biological Sciences Faculty Publications
The ability of vegetated coastal ecosystems to sequester high rates of “blue” carbon over millennial time scales has attracted the interest of national and international policy makers as a tool for climate change mitigation. Whereas focus on blue carbon conservation has been mostly on threatened rural seascapes, there is scope to consider blue carbon dynamics along highly fragmented and developed urban coastlines. The tropical city state of Singapore is used as a case study of urban blue carbon knowledge generation, how blue carbon changes over time with urban development, and how such knowledge can be integrated into urban planning alongside …
Two Singapore Public Healthcare Ai Applications For National Screening Programs And Other Examples, Andy Wee An Ta, Han Leong Goh, Christine Ang, Lian Yeow Koh, Ken Poon, Steven M. Miller
Two Singapore Public Healthcare Ai Applications For National Screening Programs And Other Examples, Andy Wee An Ta, Han Leong Goh, Christine Ang, Lian Yeow Koh, Ken Poon, Steven M. Miller
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
This article explains how two AI systems have been incorporated into the everyday operations of two Singapore public healthcare nation-wide screening programs. The first example is embedded within the setting of a national level population health screening program for diabetes related eye diseases, targeting the rapidly increasing number of adults in the country with diabetes. In the second example, the AI assisted screening is done shortly after a person is admitted to one of the public hospitals to identify which inpatients—especially which elderly patients with complex conditions—have a high risk of being readmitted as an inpatient multiple times in the …
Multi-Functional Job Roles To Support Operations In A Multi-Faceted Jewel Enabled By Ai And Digital Transformation, Steven M. Miller
Multi-Functional Job Roles To Support Operations In A Multi-Faceted Jewel Enabled By Ai And Digital Transformation, Steven M. Miller
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
In this story, we highlight the way in which the use of AI enabled support systems, together with work process digital transformation and innovative approaches to job redesign, have combined to dramatically change the nature of the work of the front-line service staff who protect and support the facility and visitors at the world’s most iconic airport mall and lifestyle destination.
Singapore Public Sector Ai Applications Emphasizing Public Engagement: Six Examples, Steven M. Miller
Singapore Public Sector Ai Applications Emphasizing Public Engagement: Six Examples, Steven M. Miller
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
This article provides an overview of six examples of public sector AI applications in Singapore that illustrate different ways of enhancing engagement with the public. These applications demonstrate ways of enhancing engagement with the public by providing greater accessibility to government services (access anywhere, anytime) and speedier responses to public processes and feedback. Some applications make it substantially easier for members of the public to do things or make choices, while others reduce waiting time, either across an entire public infrastructure, or for an individual transaction. Some provide highly individualized coaching to guide a person through the process of doing …
El Niño And The Human-Environment Nexus: Drought And Vulnerability In Singapore 1877-1911, Fiona Williamson
El Niño And The Human-Environment Nexus: Drought And Vulnerability In Singapore 1877-1911, Fiona Williamson
Research Collection College of Integrative Studies
This chapter brings a climatic perspective to the study of Singaporean history by exploring the impacts of the strong El Niño inspired droughts of 1877, 1902 and 1911. The narrative focuses on unpacking the nexus of nature-inspired versus human-induced vulnerability to drought within the contexts of colonial urbanisation and looks at the short-to medium-term impacts of the events on society. It also explores how such events inspired new questions about the climate and regional teleconnections, as a wealth of evidence became available due to the increasingly connected nature of scientific institutions, scientific literature, and communications systems across the Indian Ocean …
Gauging The Acceptance Of Contact Tracing Technology: An Empirical Study Of Singapore Residents’ Concerns With Sharing Their Information And Willingness To Trust, Ee-Ing Ong, Wee Ling Loo
Gauging The Acceptance Of Contact Tracing Technology: An Empirical Study Of Singapore Residents’ Concerns With Sharing Their Information And Willingness To Trust, Ee-Ing Ong, Wee Ling Loo
Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law
In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, governments began implementing various forms of contact tracing technology. Singapore’s implementation of its contact tracing technology, TraceTogether, however, was met with significant concern by its population, with regard to privacy and data security. This concern did not fit with the general perception that Singaporeans have a high level of trust in its government. We explore this disconnect, using responses to our survey (conducted pre-COVID-19) in which we asked participants about their level of concern with the government and business collecting certain categories of personal data. The results show that respondents had less concern with …
City Planning For Sustainability, Lang Ng
City Planning For Sustainability, Lang Ng
Perspectives@SMU
Singapore strikes a balance between competing needs to address climate change challenges
Hci Education And Ux Practice: Highlights From Singapore, Tamas Makany, Dharani Perera-Schulz
Hci Education And Ux Practice: Highlights From Singapore, Tamas Makany, Dharani Perera-Schulz
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
This position paper highlights trends in education, practice, and support of HCI/UX in Singapore, a small city-state island in Southeast Asia. The paper was prepared for the 2022 Southeast Asia Computer-Human Interaction (SEACHI'22) virtual workshop on Apr 14, 2022, as part of the ACM CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI'22) international conference.
Exploring And Evaluating The Impact Of Covid-19 On Mobility Changes In Singapore, Aldy Gunawan, Linh Chi Tran, Kar Way Tan, I-Lin Wang
Exploring And Evaluating The Impact Of Covid-19 On Mobility Changes In Singapore, Aldy Gunawan, Linh Chi Tran, Kar Way Tan, I-Lin Wang
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
This paper analyzes the changes in mobility trends due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in Singapore in the six different sectors: Retail and Recreation, Grocery and Pharmacy, Parks, Transit Stations, Workplaces and Residential. The period of observation is from 15 February 2020 to 18 August 2021. The observed patterns obtained from the descriptive data analysis sheds light on the effectiveness of social distancing measures in Singapore as well as the level of compliance among the country’s residents. Correlation analysis is used to explore the relationship between different sectors during the pandemic period. The results reveal a strong sense …
Geomorphic Gradients In Shallow Seagrass Carbon Stocks, Jahson Berhane Alemu, Siti Maryam Yaakub, Erik S. Yando, Rachel Yu San Lau, Cheng Chang Lim, Jun Yu Puah, Daniel A. Friess
Geomorphic Gradients In Shallow Seagrass Carbon Stocks, Jahson Berhane Alemu, Siti Maryam Yaakub, Erik S. Yando, Rachel Yu San Lau, Cheng Chang Lim, Jun Yu Puah, Daniel A. Friess
Biological Sciences Faculty Publications
Seagrass meadows are important sinks of organic carbon (Corg), in particular the near-surface Corg pool (≤ 15 cm) compared to deeper sediments. Near-surface carbon is highly susceptible to disturbance and loss to the atmosphere, however, inadequate accounting for variability in this pool of carbon limits their uptake into carbon accounting frameworks. We therefore investigated the spatial variability in seagrass near-surface Corg and biomass Corg across different geomorphic (estuary, lagoonal and reef-associated) and community typologies (pioneer and persistent). Near-surface Corg stock in vegetated areas (25.78 Mg Corg ha−1 ± 26.64) was twice that …
Spurring Digital Transformation In Singapore's Legal Industry, Xin Juan Chua, Steven M. Miller
Spurring Digital Transformation In Singapore's Legal Industry, Xin Juan Chua, Steven M. Miller
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
COVID-19 has transformed the way we live and work. It has caused the processes and operations of businesses and organisations to be restructured, as well as transformed business models. A 2020 McKinsey Global survey reported that companies all over the world claim they have accelerated the digitalisation of their customer and supply-chain interactions, as well as their internal operations, by three to four years. They also said they thought the share of digital or digitally enabled products in their portfolios has advanced by seven years. While technology transformation is not new to the legal profession, COVID-19 has cemented the importance …
Up Close And Personal With Mr Sundar Selvam: Hitting Zero Targets, Sundar Selvam
Up Close And Personal With Mr Sundar Selvam: Hitting Zero Targets, Sundar Selvam
Oral History Collection
He might not be one you would have come across on campus. And not one you might read much about in SMU news or in the limelight for its achievements, preferring to remain in the background. But look around the SMU campus and you will see the fruits of his work and that of his team. Meet Sundar, SMU’s Vice-President for Campus Infrastructure and Services. Since January 2015, he has been at the forefront of driving SMU’s own sustainability journey which has resulted in several “firsts”. This interview was published in the August edition of SMU CIRCLE.
Why Do Robots Have Smiley Faces?, Mark Findlay
Why Do Robots Have Smiley Faces?, Mark Findlay
Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law
The author discussed why engineers and designers provide machines with the semblance of friendliness, and why it takes more than that for humans to trust AI. The ground-breaking AI in community research and policy initiative by CAIDG, supported by the National Research Foundation Singapore under its Emerging Areas Research Projects Funding Initiative, seeks to understand how and why trust can be established when humans and machines come together.
Building A Long-Time Series For Weather And Extreme Weather In The Straits Settlements: A Multi-Disciplinary Approach To The Archives Of Societies, Fiona Williamson
Building A Long-Time Series For Weather And Extreme Weather In The Straits Settlements: A Multi-Disciplinary Approach To The Archives Of Societies, Fiona Williamson
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
In comparison to the Northern Hemisphere, especially Europe and North America, there is a scarcity of information regarding the historic weather and climate of Southeast Asia and the Southern Hemisphere in general. The reasons for this are both historic and political, yet that does not mean that such data do not exist. Much of the early instrumental weather records for Southeast Asia stem from the colonial period and, with some countries and regions changing hands between the European powers, surviving information tends to be scattered across the globe making its recovery a long and often arduous task. This paper focuses …
Digital Social Listening On Conversations About Sexual Harassment, Xuesi Sim, Ern Rae Chang, Yu Xiang Ong, Jie Ying Yeo, Christine Bai Shuang Yan, Eugene Wen Jia Choy, Kyong Jin Shim
Digital Social Listening On Conversations About Sexual Harassment, Xuesi Sim, Ern Rae Chang, Yu Xiang Ong, Jie Ying Yeo, Christine Bai Shuang Yan, Eugene Wen Jia Choy, Kyong Jin Shim
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
In light of the #MeToo movement and publicized sexual harassment incidents in Singapore in recent years, we built an analytics pipeline for performing digital social listening on conversations about sexual harassment for AWARE (Association of Women for Action and Research). Our social network analysis results identified key influencers that AWARE can engage for sexual harassment awareness campaigns. Further, our analysis results suggest new hashtags that AWARE can use to run social media campaigns and achieve greater reach.
A Social Network Analysis Of Jobs And Skills, Derrick Ming Yang Lee, Dion Wei Xuan Ang, Grace Mei Ching Pua, Lee Ning Ng, Sharon Purbowo, Eugene Wen Jia Choy, Kyong Jin Shim
A Social Network Analysis Of Jobs And Skills, Derrick Ming Yang Lee, Dion Wei Xuan Ang, Grace Mei Ching Pua, Lee Ning Ng, Sharon Purbowo, Eugene Wen Jia Choy, Kyong Jin Shim
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
In this study, we analyzed job roles and skills across industries in Singapore. Using social network analysis, we identified job roles with similar required skills, and we also identified relationships between job skills. Our analysis visualizes such relationships in an intuitive way. Insights derived from our analyses are expected to assist job seekers, employers as well as recruitment agencies wanting to understand trending and required job roles and skills in today’s fast changing world.
Using Data Analytics To Predict Students Score, Nang Laik Ma, Gim Hong Chua
Using Data Analytics To Predict Students Score, Nang Laik Ma, Gim Hong Chua
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
Education is very important to Singapore, and the government has continued to invest heavily in our education system to become one of the world-class systems today. A strong foundation of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) was what underpinned Singapore's development over the past 50 years. PISA is a triennial international survey that evaluates education systems worldwide by testing the skills and knowledge of 15-year-old students who are nearing the end of compulsory education. In this paper, the authors used the PISA data from 2012 and 2015 and developed machine learning techniques to predictive the students' scores and understand the …
The Future Of Work Now: Ai-Driven Transaction Surveillance At Dbs Bank, Thomas H. Davenport, Steven M. Miller
The Future Of Work Now: Ai-Driven Transaction Surveillance At Dbs Bank, Thomas H. Davenport, Steven M. Miller
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
One of the most frequently-used phrases at business events these days is “the future of work.” It’s increasingly clear that artificial intelligence and other new technologies will bring substantial changes in work tasks and business processes. But while these changes are predicted for the future, they’re already present in many organizations for many different jobs. The job and incumbents described below are an example of this phenomenon. Steve Miller of Singapore Management University and I co-authored the story.
The Future Of Work Now: The Multi-Faceted Mall Security Guard At A Multi-Faceted Jewel, Thomas H. Davenport, Steven M. Miller
The Future Of Work Now: The Multi-Faceted Mall Security Guard At A Multi-Faceted Jewel, Thomas H. Davenport, Steven M. Miller
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
One of the most frequently-used phrases at business events these days is “the future of work.” It’s increasingly clear that artificial intelligence and other new technologies will bring substantial changes in work tasks and business processes. But while these changes are predicted for the future, they’re already present in many organizations for many different jobs. The job and incumbents described below are an example of this phenomenon. Steve Miller of Singapore Management University and I co-authored the story.
Coronavirus: Pandemics, Artificial Intelligence And Personal Data: How To Manage Pandemics Using Ai And What That Means For Personal Data Protection, Warren B. Chik
Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law
This chapter discusses the hearing of essential and urgent court matters in the Singapore courts during the COVID-19 pandemic. On 27 march 2020, the Singapore judiciary notified courst users that remote hearings were to be implemented for certain types of hearings by means of video and telephone conferencing facilities. Court users were also provided with indicative lists of matters which might be considered essential and urgent.
Coronavirus: Pandemics, Artificial Intelligence And Personal Data: How To Manage Pandemics Using Ai And What That Means For Personal Data Protection, Warren B. Chik
Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law
This chapter discusses the hearing of essential and urgent court matters in the Singapore courts during the COVID-19 pandemic. On 27 march 2020, the Singapore judiciary notified courst users that remote hearings were to be implemented for certain types of hearings by means of video and telephone conferencing facilities. Court users were also provided with indicative lists of matters which might be considered essential and urgent.