Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Geology, Soils And Climate Of Western Australia's Wine Regions, Peter J. Tille, Angela Stuart-Street, Peter S. Gardiner

Bulletins 4000 -

This bulletin details what is special and unique about the geology, soil and climate of the south-west of Western Australia (WA), an area that encompasses the state’s 9 wine regions.

We have arranged the information into 2 parts:

• In Part 1, we broadly describe the special geological, soil and climate features of the south-west of WA to provide context for the wine regions.

• In Part 2, we describe the geology, soil and climate of the regions and subregions of the Geographical Indications (GI) scheme (administered by Wine Australia) for WA.

Through this work we have found that the wine regions …

Land-Surface Parameters For Spatial Predictive Mapping And Modeling, Aaron E. Maxwell, Charles Shobe

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Land-surface parameters derived from digital land surface models (DLSMs) (for example, slope, surface curvature, topographic position, topographic roughness, aspect, heat load index, and topographic moisture index) can serve as key predictor variables in a wide variety of mapping and modeling tasks relating to geomorphic processes, landform delineation, ecological and habitat characterization, and geohazard, soil, wetland, and general thematic mapping and modeling. However, selecting features from the large number of potential derivatives that may be predictive for a specific feature or process can be complicated, and existing literature may offer contradictory or incomplete guidance. The availability of multiple data sources and …

A Case Study Of Stratospheric Ozone Transport To The Northern San Francisco Bay Area And Sacramento Valley During Cabots 2016, Jodie Clark, Sen Chiao

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

The California Baseline Ozone Transport Study (CABOTS) was a major air quality study that collected ozone measurements aloft between mid-May and mid-August of 2016. Aircraft measurements, ground-based lidar measurements, and balloon-borne ozonesondes collected precise upper-air ozone measurements across the central and Southern California valley. Utilizing daily ozonesonde data from Bodega Bay, California, and Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications, version 2 (MERRA-2), reanalysis data for 25 July to 14 August 2016, three stratospheric intrusion events are identified over Northern California influencing air masses above Bodega Bay and Sacramento simultaneously. Calculated percent daily changes in afternoon ozonesonde observations indicate increasing …

Geologic Mapping Of Nebraska: Old Rocks, New Maps, Fresh Insights, R. Matthew Joeckel, Robert F. Diffendal Jr., P. R. Hanson, Jesse T. Korus

Robert F. Diffendal, Jr., Publications

Geologic mapping in Nebraska and environs is an ongoing endeavor that has spanned more than 170 years, involved dozens of scientists, and evolved through many changes. Digital mapping has risen to dominance in the state only since 1996. Geologic mapping in Nebraska today concentrates on surficial mapping, which emphasizes materials exposed at the land surface and their relationships with landforms, and which is particularly relevant because non- bedrock geologic materials (regolith) lie at the surface across at least 87% of the state. Moreover, surfi cial geologic maps assist the understanding of groundwater and sand and gravel resources, to name a …

Geomorphology Of Icy Debris Fans: Delivery Of Ice And Sediment To Valley Glaciers Decoupled From Icecaps, R. Craig Kochel, Jeffrey M. Trop, Robert W. Jacob

Faculty Journal Articles

The pace and volume of mass flow processes contributing ice and sediment to icy debris fans (IDFs) were documented at sites in Alaska and New Zealand by integrating field observations, drone and time-lapse imagery, ground penetrating radar, and terrestrial laser scanning. Largely unstudied, IDFs are supraglacial landforms at the mouths of bedrock catchments between valley glaciers and icecaps. Time-lapse imagery recorded 300–2300 events reaching 15 fans during intervals from nine months to two years. Field observations noted hundreds of deposits trapped within catchments weekly that were later remobilized onto fans. Deposits were mapped on images taken three to four times …

St. Louis Area Earthquake Hazards Mapping Project: Seismic And Liquefaction Hazard Maps, Chris H. Cramer, Robert A. Bauer, Jaewon Chung, J. David Rogers, Larry Pierce, Vicki Voigt, Brad Mitchell, David Gaunt, Robert A. Williams, David J. Hoffman, Gregory L. Hempen, Phyllis J. Steckel, Oliver Salz Boyd, Connor M. Watkins, Kathleen B. Tucker, Natasha S. Mccallister

Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

We present probabilistic and deterministic seismic and liquefaction hazard maps for the densely populated St. Louis metropolitan area that account for the expected effects of surficial geology on earthquake ground shaking. Hazard calculations were based on a map grid of 0.005°, or about every 500 m, and are thus higher in resolution than any earlier studies. To estimate ground motions at the surface of the model (e.g., site amplification), we used a new detailed near-surface shear-wave velocity model in a 1D equivalent- linear response analysis. When compared with the 2014 U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) National Seismic Hazard Model, which uses …

A New Karren Feature: Hummocky Karren, Lukas Plan, Christa Renetzeder, Rudolf Pavuza, Wilfried Körner

International Journal of Speleology

Karren are small-scale landforms on karst surfaces and many types have been described so far. Here we present an apparently new feature which was found on the Hochschwab karst massive in the Northern Calcareous Alps of Austria. So far only few outcrops each having less than 1 m² within a very restricted area have been found. Morphometric analysis reveals that the karren consist of a randomly distributed, dispersed assemblage of small hummocks and depressions in between. The mean distance between neighbouring hummocks is 4 to 5 cm and the mean height is 0.85 cm. Longitudinal sections are gently sinuous. The …

A Detailed Record Of Shallow Hydrothermal Fluid Flow In The Sierra Nevada Magmatic Arc From Low-Δ18o Skarn Garnets, M. E. D'Errico, J. S. Lackey, Benjamin E. Surpless, S. L. Loewy, J. L. Wooden, J. D. Barnes, A. Strickland, J. W. Valley

Geosciences Faculty Research

Garnet from skarns exposed at Empire Mountain, Sierra Nevada (California, United States) batholith, have variable δ¹⁸O values including the lowest known δ¹⁸O values of skarn garnet (–4.0‰) in North America. Such values indicate that surface-derived meteoric water was a significant component of the fluid budget of the skarn-forming hydrothermal system, which developed in response to shallow emplacement (∼3.3 km) of the 109 Ma quartz diorite of Empire Mountain. Values of δ¹⁸O, measured in situ across single garnet crystals by secondary ion mass spectrometry, vary considerably (up to 7‰) and sometimes abruptly, indicating variable mixing …

Holocene Earthquakes And Late Pleistocene Slip Rate Estimates On The Wassuk Range Fault Zone, Nevada, Usa, J. M. Bormann, Benjamin E. Surpless, M. W. Caffee, S. G. Wesnousky

Geosciences Faculty Research

The Wassuk Range fault zone is an 80‐km‐long, east‐dipping, high‐angle normal fault that flanks the eastern margin of the Wassuk Range in central Nevada. Observations from two alluvial fan systems truncated by the fault yield information on the vertical slip rate and Holocene earthquake history along the range front. At the apex of the Rose Creek alluvial fan, radiocarbon dating of offset stratigraphy exposed in two fault trenches shows that multiple earthquakes resulted in 7.0 m of vertical offset along the fault since ∼9400 cal B.P. These data yield a Holocene vertical slip rate of 0.7±0.1  mm/yr. The south trench …

Automatic Detection Of Aircraft Emergency Landing Sites, Yu-Fei Shen, Zia-Ur Rahman, Dean Krusienski, Jiang Li, Zia-Ur Rahman (Ed.), Stephen E. Reichenbach (Ed.), Mark Allen Neifeld (Ed.)

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

An automatic landing site detection algorithm is proposed for aircraft emergency landing. Emergency landing is an unplanned event in response to emergency situations. If, as is unfortunately usually the case, there is no airstrip or airfield that can be reached by the un-powered aircraft, a crash landing or ditching has to be carried out. Identifying a safe landing site is critical to the survival of passengers and crew. Conventionally, the pilot chooses the landing site visually by looking at the terrain through the cockpit. The success of this vital decision greatly depends on the external environmental factors that can impair …

Agricultural Sub-Regions Of The Avon River Basin, Paul D. Galloway

Resource management technical reports

This report identifies, describes and locates nine sub-regions within the land cleared for agricultural uses in the Avon River Basin in Western Australia. The sub-regions are: Darling Range; Dale/Upper Avon; Avon Valley; Yealering Lakes; Mortlock; Northern Sandplain; south-east Lakes; Carrabin; Southern Cross. The sub-regions are described in terms of their distinguishing biophysical characteristics of: soils and related original vegetative cover; general topography; surface and sub-surface hyrdological stus; underlying geology; and rainfall and evapotranspiration range. Current dominant land use, economic drivers and land use pressures are identified for each sub-region.

Quantifying Ecosystem Geomorphology Of The Southern Appalachian Mountains, Scott R. Abella

Public Policy and Leadership Faculty Publications

Geomorphology is a dominant factor influencing vegetation distribution in the southern Appalachians, and quantifying landform characteristics is increasingly important for forest ecosystem classification. This study used slope gradient and two previously published geomorphic indices, terrain shape index and landform index that quantify landform shape and protection, to develop a field-based landform quantification system at four study areas in the southern Appalachians. Six major landform types (ridgetops, nose slopes, linear hillslopes, coves, stream ravines, and stream bottoms) exhibited quantitatively different characteristics, and these differences among landforms were not evident when using only categorical landform descriptions (e.g., convex, concave) that have been …

The Salinity And Hydrology Of The Upper Slab Hut Catchment, R Ferdowsian, A T. Ryder

Resource management technical reports

No abstract provided.

Land Resources Of The Northam Region, Neil Clifton Lantzke, I Fulton

Land resources series

This report presents soil and landform mapping of about one million hectares in the Avon Valley and central wheatbelt of Western Australia at scale of 1:100,000. The study area spans from the lateritic plateau of the Darling Range to the broad, flat landscape of the wheatbelt and covers four broad physiographic regions: • the Zone of Ancient Drainage; • the Zone of Rejuvenated Drainage; • the West Kokeby Zone; and • the Darling Range Zone. Twenty-five soil landscape units were identified and mapped on the accompanying map sheets. A soil landscape unit is an area of land that occurs in …

Land Resources Of The Kellerberrin Region, William Morrison Mcarthur

Resource management technical reports

The landforms and associated soils in the Kellerberrin area (Figure 1) were mapped using a combination of air photo interpretation (1:50,000 black and white, 1984 photography) and ground traverses along roads and tracks. Mapping units used are similar to those described by Bettenay and Hingston (1961; 1964) and Hingston and Bettenay (1961) for the Merredin district. The present survey may be seen as a western extension of the Merredin survey; it adjoins the work of Lantzke (in prep) on the west

Soils And Landforms Of The Manjimup Area, Western Australia, Hugh Maxwell Churchward

Land resources series

No abstract provided.

Cape Romain And The Charleston Bump: Historical And Recent Hydrographic Observations, J.J. Singer, L. P. Atkinson, J. O. Blanton, J. A. Yoder

CCPO Publications

A review and analysis of historical and new hydrographic data are presented for the Charleston Bump region. An area of doming isotherms is identified primarily between 31.5° and 34.5°N and the 200 and 400 m isobaths. The highest incidences of doming are found off Long Bay (86%), Cape Fear (38%), and Cape Romain (25%). Evidence suggests that low salinity shelf water collects in the doming area off Long Bay in July and that seasonal fluctuations in the depth of the main thermocline layer in this area are linked to Gulf Stream transport and local winds. At times there is a …

Important Geological Features And Localities Of Maine, Maine Geological Survey

Maine Collection

Important Geological Features and Localities of Maine

Executive Department, Maine Geological Survey : Maine State Planning Office

(December, 1982).

Contents: Introduction / Purpose of this Study / The Geology of Maine / Important Publications / Catalogue of the Critical Geologic Features of Maine / Recommendations for Further Research / Publications / Conclusions / Acknowledgements / References Cited / Critical Areas Program List of Geological Planning Reports

Provenance And Description Of Landslide Masses, Rainbow Gardens, Clark County, Nevada, Joseph R. Parolini

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

A landslide breccia of plutonic and metamorphic rocks located 20 km east of Las Vegas, Nevada is interstratified with the late Tertiary Thumb Formation. Rock types of similar mineral composition to the landslide masses in the Rainbow Gardens are found 60 km to the east in the Gold Butte (Nevada) area. The landslide masses were displaced into their present position by lateral strike-slip motion along either the left-lateral Lake Mead fault system or the right-lateral Las Vegas shear zone. In the Rainbow Gardens landslide masses, five plutonic rock types, including Rapakivi granite, match rocks from the Gold Butte area, both …

Progress On Rock Glacier Research, John F. Shroder Jr., John R. Giardino

Geography and Geology Faculty Publications

This report is an account of research progress on rock glaciers of Afghanistan, Colorado, and Utah. Because of the preliminary nature of this work, some speculation is present; nevertheless, we think there is evidence for each major, new point expressed. The main thesis of our work is that rock glaciers are polygenetic and appear to be part of a continuum of similar landforms grading morphologically and, presumably, mechanically from one type to another type.