Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Wetland Inundation Mapping And Wetland Restoration Planning: A Case Study Of Playa Wetlands, Nebraska, Yue Gu

Community and Regional Planning Program: Theses

There has been a variety of wetland monitoring projects implemented in playa wetlands in Nebraska over the last decades. But there is still a lack of continuous wetland monitoring on long-term and large-area dimension. Because inundation condition is one of the critical parameters to describe wetland hydrologic performance, this study aims to assess the inundation alteration in playa wetlands in Nebraska and evaluate the performance of wetland conservation and restoration practices. This study uses the Landsat data to create playa wetland inundation condition maps and analyze the variation trend of inundated playa wetlands over the past 30 years. The results …

Curvature: A Geometric Villain That Ruins Our Instinctive Perception Of Nature, Vehbi Emrah Paksoy

Mathematics Colloquium Series

Our perception of nature is based on evolutionary wiring of our brain and observations we make via our senses. But, in reality, many scientific and technological advancements are based on non-intuitive rules and principles that can only be explained by the ultimate abstraction that is embedded in mathematics. In this talk, I will discuss the concept of curvature and argue how it explains the “unexplainable”. We will see how the curvature proves that the earth is rotating, how good the soap bubbles are at proving profound mathematical results, and if the two dimensional residents can determine the shape of their …

Quasi-Platonic Psl2(Q)-Actions On Closed Riemann Surfaces, Sean A. Broughton

Mathematical Sciences Technical Reports (MSTR)

This paper is the first of two papers whose combined goal is to explore the dessins d'enfant and symmetries of quasi-platonic actions of PSL₂(q). A quasi-platonic action of a group G on a closed Riemann S surface is a conformal action for which S/G is a sphere and S->S/G is branched over {0, 1,infinity}. The unit interval in S/G may be lifted to a dessin d'enfant D, an embedded bipartite graph in S. The dessin forms the edges and vertices of a tiling on S by dihedrally symmetric polygons, generalizing the idea of a …

Relative Proper Motions In The Rho Ophiuchi Cluster, Bruce Wilking, Frederick Vrba, Timothy Sullivan

Physics Faculty Works

Near-infrared images optimized for astrometry have been obtained for four fields in the high-density L 1688 cloud core over a 12 year period. The targeted regions include deeply embedded young stellar objects (YSOs) and very low luminosity objects too faint and/or heavily veiled for spectroscopy. Relative proper motions in R.A. and decl. were computed for 111 sources and again for a subset of 65 YSOs, resulting in a mean proper motion of (0,0) for each field. Assuming each field has the same mean proper motion, YSOs in the four fields were combined to yield estimates of the velocity dispersions in …

An Organic Mixed Ion-Electron Conductor For Power Electronics, Abdellah Malti, Jesper Edberg, Hjalmar Granberg, Zia Ullah Khan, Jens W. Andreasen, Xianjie Liu, Dan Zhao, Hao Zhang, Yulong Yao, Joseph W. Brill, Isak Engquist, Mats Fahlman, Lars Wågberg, Xavier Crispin, Magnus Berggren

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications

A mixed ionic–electronic conductor based on nanofibrillated cellulose composited with poly(3,4-ethylene-dioxythio­phene):­poly(styrene-sulfonate) along with high boiling point solvents is demonstrated in bulky electrochemical devices. The high electronic and ionic conductivities of the resulting nanopaper are exploited in devices which exhibit record values for the charge storage capacitance (1F) in supercapacitors and transconductance (1S) in electrochemical transistors.

Toward A More Scientifically Literate Public, Michael Bass

UCF Forum

As a society we do a terrible job of educating our children to become scientifically literate. Sure, we have STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) programs throughout the country, and with some justification we can brag about the successes of students that are in or who have graduated from such learning experiences.

Ice Nucleation At The Contact Line Triggered By Transient Electrowetting Fields, Fan Yang, Raymond Shaw, Colin Gurganus, Su Kong Chong, Yoke Khin Yap

Department of Physics Publications

Supercooled water is found to have a significantly enhanced freezing temperature during transient electrowetting with electric fields of order 1 V/μm. High speed imaging reveals that the nucleation occurs randomly at the three-phase contact line (droplet perimeter) and can occur at multiple points during one freezing event. Possible nucleation mechanisms are explored by testing various substrate geometries and materials. Results demonstrate that electric field alone has no detectable effect on ice nucleation, but the moving boundary of the droplet on the substrate due to electrowetting is associated with the triggering of nucleation at a much higher temperature.

Canonoid And Poissonoid Transformations, Symmetries And Bihamiltonian Structures, Giovanni Rastelli, Manuele Santoprete

Mathematics Faculty Publications

We give a characterization of linear canonoid transformations on symplectic manifolds and we use it to generate biHamiltonian structures for some mechanical systems. Utilizing this characterization we also study the behavior of the harmonic oscillator under canonoid transformations. We present a description of canonoid transformations due to E.T. Whittaker, and we show that it leads, in a natural way, to the modern, coordinate-independent definition of canonoid transformations. We also generalize canonoid transformations to Poisson manifolds by introducing Poissonoid transformations. We give examples of such transformations for Euler’s equations of the rigid body (on so*(3) and so*(4)) and for an integrable …

Discrete Grüss Type Inequality On Fractional Calculus, Elvan Akin, Serkan Asliyuce, Ayse Feza Guvenilir, Billur Kaymakcalan

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Research & Creative Works

We give a discrete Grüss type inequality on fractional calculus.

Cooling Atomic Gases With Disorder, Ehsan Khatami, Thereza Paiva, Shuxiang Yang, Valéry Rousseau, Mark Jarrell, Juana Moreno, Randall Hulet, Richard Scalettar

Faculty Publications

Cold atomic gases have proven capable of emulating a number of fundamental condensed matter phenomena including Bose-Einstein condensation, the Mott transition, Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov pairing, and the quantum Hall effect. Cooling to a low enough temperature to explore magnetism and exotic superconductivity in lattices of fermionic atoms remains a challenge. We propose a method to produce a low temperature gas by preparing it in a disordered potential and following a constant entropy trajectory to deliver the gas into a nondisordered state which exhibits these incompletely understood phases. We show, using quantum Monte Carlo simulations, that we can approach the Néel temperature of …

Economic Impact To Shipping Industry : Economic Impact To Shipping Industry Considering Maritime Spatial Planning And Green Routes In Pilot Case Studies, Pantelis G. Anaxagorou, A Pappas, I Giraud, D Stratigis, E Papadopoulos, Lilitha Pongolini, Fabio Ballini, Piotr Treichel, Xavier Martínez De Osés, Sergio Velásquez Correa, M ·La Castells, I Ortigosa

MONALISA 2.0

In this project, three case studies are considered in order to examine the economic impact of the implementation of MSP when considering environmental impact of the shipping industry. Specific characteristics and limitations of areas in the Greek Sea, the Balearic Sea and the Baltic Sea are evaluated with respect to their economic effects on the maritime transport domain.

The purpose of the above is to evaluate the economic impacts and risk implications of different scenarios and particularly:

• The economic impact of vessel traffic rerouting and/or reducing the speed in order to reduce the probability of vessel strikes or other negative …

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Integrating Dynamic Route Planning : Feasibility Of Integrating Dynamic Route Planning In Maritime Spatial Planning, Riccardo Bozzo, Lilitha Pongolini, Fabio Ballini, Xavier Martínez De Osés, Sergio Velásquez Correa

MONALISA 2.0

MONALISA 2.0 report on the feasibility of integrating dynamic route planning in Maritime Spatial Planning (MSP.

Estimation Of Cold Plasma Outflow During Geomagnetic Storms, S. Haaland, A. Eriksson, M. Andre, L. Maes, L. Baddeley, A. Barakat, R. Chappell, V. Eccles, C. Johnsen, B. Lybekk, K. Li, A. Pedersen, Robert W. Schunk, D. Welling

All Physics Faculty Publications

Low-energy ions of ionospheric origin constitute a significant contributor to the magnetospheric plasma population. Measuring cold ions is difficult though. Observations have to be done at sufficiently high altitudes and typically in regions of space where spacecraft attain a positive charge due to solar illumination. Cold ions are therefore shielded from the satellite particle detectors. Furthermore, spacecraft can only cover key regions of ion outflow during segments of their orbit, so additional complications arise if continuous longtime observations, such as during a geomagnetic storm, are needed. In this paper we suggest a new approach, based on a combination of synoptic …

Predictive Formula For Electron Range Over A Large Span Of Energy, Anne C. Starley

Reports

A model developed by the Materials Research Group that calculates electron penetration range of some common materials, has been greatly expanded with the hope that such extensions will predict the range in other, perhaps, more interesting materials. Developments in this extended model aid in predicting the approximate penetration depth into diverse classes of materials for a broad range of energetic incident electrons (10 MeV, with better than 20% accuracy). The penetration depth—or range—of a material describes the maximum distance electrons can travel through a material, before losing all of its incident kinetic energy. This model has started to predict a …

Predictive Formula For Electron Range Over A Large Span Of Energy, Anne C. Starley, Jr Dennison

Senior Theses and Projects

A model developed by the Materials Research Group that calculates electron penetration range of some common materials, has been greatly expanded with the hope that such extensions will predict the range in other, perhaps, more interesting materials. Developments in this extended model aid in predicting the approximate penetration depth into diverse classes of materials for a broad range of energetic incident electrons (<10 eV to>10 MeV, with better than 20% accuracy). The penetration depth—or range—of a material describes the maximum distance electrons can travel through a material, before losing all of its incident kinetic energy. This model has started to predict …

Observation Of Transverse Spin-Dependent Azimuthal Correlations Of Charged Pion Pairs In P + P At Sqrt(S) = 200 Gev, Adam Gibson-Even, Shirvel Stanislaus, Donald Koetke, Star Collaboration

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Habitat Utilization And Vertical Distribution Of The Great Barracuda Sphyraena Barracuda (Edwards 1771) In The Western North Atlantic Using Electronic Archival Tags, Noah R. Hansen, David W. Kerstetter

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles

The Great Barracuda Sphyraena barracuda is a large predatory teleost commonly seen in the tropics of the Western North Atlantic. Using pop-up satellite archival tags (PSATs), two large Great Barracuda (101 and 104 cm FL) were tagged off South Florida for a 15-day deployment period. Great Barracuda 88094 traveled 471 km minimum straight-line distance (MSLD) over the deployment duration, while Great Barracuda 88095 traveled 1231 km MSLD. Great barracuda 88094 achieved a maximum depth of 145.2 m, while 88095 to a maximum depth of 186.9 m, although such movements were for short time durations. The data obtained indicate significant differences …

Solving Equations (And Systems Of Equations) Under Uncertainty: How Different Practical Problems Lead To Different Mathematical And Computational Formulations, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

Many practical problems are naturally reduced to solving systems of equations. There are many efficient techniques for solving well-defined systems of equations, i.e., systems in which we know the exact values of all the parameters and coefficients. In practice, we usually know these parameters and coefficients with some uncertainty -- uncertainty usually described by an appropriate granule: interval, fuzzy set, rough set, etc. Many techniques have been developed for solving systems of equations under such granular uncertainty. Sometimes, however, practitioners use previously successful techniques and get inadequate results. In this -- mostly pedagogical -- paper, we explain that to obtain …

From Tertullian's Credo Quia Absurdum To Bohr's Crazy Theories: A Rational Explanation Of A Seemingly Irrational Idea, Olga Kosheleva, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

At first glance, Tertullian's idea -- that absurdity of a statement makes it more believable -- sounds irrational, maybe appropriate for theology but definitely not for science. However, somewhat surprisingly, a similar idea was successfully used by the Nobelist Niels Bohr in theoretical physics -- an epitome of rationality in science. In this paper, we show that this Tertullian-Bohr idea actually has a simple rational explanation. Specifically, if previous attempts to construct a theory which is consistent with what is perceived as common sense were unsuccessful, this implies that a true theory much contradict common sense -- and thus, the …

Towards Selecting The Best Abstraction For A Patrolling Game, Anjon Basak, Chris Kiekintveld, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

When the number of possible strategies is large, it is not computationally feasible to compute the optimal strategy for the original game. Instead, we select our strategy based on an approximate approximate description of the original game. The quality of the resulting strategy depends on which approximation we select. In this paper, on an example of a simple game, we show how to find the optimal approximation, the approximation whose use results in the best strategy.

Lower Bound For Ranks Of Invariant Forms, Harm Derksen, Zach Teitler

Mathematics Faculty Publications and Presentations

We give a lower bound for the Waring rank and cactus rank of forms that are invariant under an action of a connected algebraic group. We use this to improve the Ranestad-Schreyer-Shafiei lower bounds for the Waring ranks and cactus ranks of determinants of generic matrices, Pfaffians of generic skew-symmetric matrices, and determinants of generic symmetric matrices.

Spatiotemporal Patterns Of Ring-Width Variability In The Northern Interior West, R. Justin Derose, John D. Shaw, James N. Long

Wasatch Dendroclimatology Research

A fundamental goal of forest biogeography is to understand the factors that drive spatiotemporal variability in forest growth across large areas (e.g., states or regions). The ancillary collection of increment cores as part of the IW FIA Program represents an important non-traditional role for the development of unprecedented data sets. Individual-tree growth data from increment cores were paired with plot-level variables from the inventory to investigate the spatiotemporal growth patterns for Douglas-fir, ponderosa pine, common pinyon, and limber pine over the northern portion of the Interior West (Idaho, Montana, Wyoming, Utah, and Colorado). Based on dendrochronological theory proposed over 50 …

Why Add Edible And Floral Plants To Riparian Forest Buffers?

Working Trees (USDA-NAC)

Why add edible and floral plants to riparian forest buffers?

Multifunctional riparian forest buffers (MRFBs) offer the opportunity to produce perennial crops of native fruits and nuts, as well as floral trees and shrubs.

Progression Magazine, 2015 Winter, Coastal Carolina University

Progression Magazine

Magazine of the College of Science at Coastal Carolina University.

Nursing: The Career That Saves Lives [Career Paper], Maggie Flanagan

Undergraduate Research Award

No abstract provided.

Intent Classification Of Short-Text On Social Media, Hemant Purohit, Guozhu Dong, Valerie L. Shalin, Krishnaprasad Thirunarayan, Amit P. Sheth

Kno.e.sis Publications

Social media platforms facilitate the emergence of citizen communities that discuss real-world events. Their content reflects a variety of intent ranging from social good (e.g., volunteering to help) to commercial interest (e.g., criticizing product features). Hence, mining intent from social data can aid in filtering social media to support organizations, such as an emergency management unit for resource planning. However, effective intent mining is inherently challenging due to ambiguity in interpretation, and sparsity of relevant behaviors in social data. In this paper, we address the problem of multiclass classification of intent with a use-case of social data generated during crisis …

Logistic Regression Models To Predict Solvent Accessible Residues Using Sequence- And Homology-Based Qualitative And Quantitative Descriptors Applied To A Domain-Complete X-Ray Structure Learning Set, Reecha Nepal, Joanna Spencer, Guneet Bhogal, Amulya Nedunuri, Thomas Poelman, Thejas Kamath, Edwin Chung, Katherine Kantardjieff, Andrea Gottlieb, Brooke Lustig

Faculty Publications, Chemistry

A working example of relative solvent accessibility (RSA) prediction for proteins is presented. Novel logistic regression models with various qualitative descriptors that include amino acid type and quantitative descriptors that include 20- and six-term sequence entropy have been built and validated. A domain-complete learning set of over 1300 proteins is used to fit initial models with various sequence homology descriptors as well as query residue qualitative descriptors. Homology descriptors are derived from BLASTp sequence alignments, whereas the RSA values are determined directly from the crystal structure. The logistic regression models are fitted using dichotomous responses indicating buried or accessible solvent, …

An R Package For The Panel Approach Method For Program Evaluation: Pampe, Ainhoa Vega-Bayo

The R Journal

The pampe package for R implements the panel data approach method for program evaluation designed to estimate the causal effects of political interventions or treatments. This procedure exploits the dependence among cross-sectional units to construct a counterfactual of the treated unit(s), and it is an appropriate method for research events that occur at an aggregate level like countries or regions and that affect only one or a small number of units. The implementation of the pampe package is illustrated using data from Hong Kong and 24 other units, by examining the economic impact of the political and economic integration of …

Capstone Revival, Mary Mesele, Ruochen Lu, Quilin Jiang

School of Professional Studies

The capstone project is a culminating experience whereby students choose to research a topic that is relevant in their field of study and have been highly regarded as important learning activities. The capstone allows students to use research, analytical, problem solving and evaluation skills they have learned in the course of the graduate program. McGill indicates the benefit of the completion of a capstone project not only in gaining knowledge in capstone but also in learning how to apply the knowledge gained in other courses in the major (McGill, 2012). Currently, COPACE (College of Professional and Continuing Education) has three …

Review: A Short Introduction To De Branges-Rovnyak Spaces, Stephan Ramon Garcia

Pomona Faculty Publications and Research

No abstract provided.